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Affiliation(s)
- Russell W Steele
- 1 University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,2 Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Schwartz KL, Keystone JS. Protection of Travelers. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7152348 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-40181-4.00008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vestrheim AC, Moen A, Egge-Jacobsen W, Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG, Bratlie DB, Paulsen BS, Michaelsen TE. A pilot study showing differences in glycosylation patterns of IgG subclasses induced by pneumococcal, meningococcal, and two types of influenza vaccines. Immun Inflamm Dis 2014; 2:76-91. [PMID: 25400928 PMCID: PMC4217548 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of a carbohydrate moiety on asparagine 297 in the Fc part of an IgG molecule is essential for its effector functions and thus influences its vaccine protective effect. Detailed structural carbohydrate analysis of vaccine induced IgGs is therefore of interest as this knowledge can prove valuable in vaccine research and design and when optimizing vaccine schedules. In order to better understand and exploit the protective potential of IgG antibodies, we carried out a pilot study; collecting serum or plasma from volunteers receiving different vaccines and determining the IgG subclass glycosylation patterns against specific vaccine antigens at different time points using LC-ESI-MS analysis. The four vaccines included a pneumococcal capsule polysaccharide vaccine, a meningococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine, a seasonal influenza vaccine, and a pandemic influenza vaccine. The number of volunteers was limited, but the results following immunization indicated that the IgG subclass which dominated the response showed increased galactose and the level of sialic acid increased with time for most vaccinees. Fucose levels increased for some vaccinees but in general stayed relatively unaltered. The total background IgG glycosylation analyzed in parallel varied little with time and hence the changes seen were likely to be caused by vaccination. The presence of an adjuvant in the pandemic influenza vaccine seemed to produce simpler and less varied glycoforms compared to the adjuvant-free seasonal influenza vaccine. This pilot study demonstrates that detailed IgG glycosylation pattern analysis might be a necessary step in addition to biological testing for optimizing vaccine development and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cathrine Vestrheim
- Department of Bacteriology & Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | - Anders Moen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | | | - Leon Reubsaet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | | | - Diane Bryant Bratlie
- Department of Bacteriology & Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOslo, Norway
| | - Berit Smestad Paulsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | - Terje Einar Michaelsen
- Department of Bacteriology & Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of OsloOslo, Norway
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Kadish CB, Steele RW. Preventative health advice for families moving to developing countries. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2014; 53:515-23. [PMID: 24045694 DOI: 10.1177/0009922813502124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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5
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Wu D, Guo CY. Epidemiology and prevention of hepatitis A in travelers. J Travel Med 2013; 20:394-9. [PMID: 24165384 DOI: 10.1111/jtm.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis A is the second most common vaccine-preventable travel-associated infectious disease and hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the most common cause of viral hepatitis. The incidence of infection is closely related to sanitary conditions and the level of economic development. METHODS We evaluated HAV incidence, infection-related risk factors, and HAV vaccination rates in international travelers through retrospective analyses using major databases, such as CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the current literature describing epidemiological data for HAV infection in recent years. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We found that the incidence of HAV infection in developed countries is very low. As international travel increases, the incidence of hepatitis A among travelers remains high and likely leads to regional outbreaks. Travelers should visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website or Infectious Disease Prevention Center of their countries to learn about the incidence of infectious diseases associated with their destination before going abroad to determine if they should be vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Young children are most likely to travel to developing countries with their parents to visit relatives. Preparation for such travel must include careful counseling and optimal use of preventive vaccines and chemoprophylaxis. For infants and very young children, data defining safety and efficacy of these agents are often limited. However, accumulated experience suggests that young travelers may be managed similarly to older children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Doan
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Calavia Garsaball O, Otero Romero S, Campins Martí M, Martínez-Gómez X, Rodrigo Pendas J, Armadans Gil L. Viajeros atendidos en un centro de vacunación internacional. ¿Está aumentando el riesgo en el viajero pediátrico? An Pediatr (Barc) 2013; 79:142-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Lee DW, Choe YJ, Kim JH, Song KM, Cho H, Bae GR, Lee JK. Epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in South Korea, 2007-2010. Int J Infect Dis 2012; 16:e448-52. [PMID: 22497964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis (JE) was the leading cause of viral encephalitis among children in South Korea in the 20(th) century. This study summarizes recent changes in the epidemiology of JE following the implementation of a vigorous immunization program in the country. METHODS Epidemiological investigations were performed for all reported laboratory-confirmed JE cases, and the cumulative incidence was calculated for the surveillance years 2007-2010. RESULTS During the surveillance period, 45 cases of JE were confirmed in the country, resulting in a cumulative incidence of 0.013-0.055 cases per 100 000 population. The median age of cases was 49.4 years, and by age group, 44.4% were aged 40-49 years. Just under a quarter (22.2%) of the cases were found to live close to a pigsty, while 42.2% of the cases were found to reside in the metropolitan areas of Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do. None of the cases had a history of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Although JE has traditionally been regarded as a children's disease, the majority of cases now occur in adults in countries where strong immunization programs exist, such as in South Korea. Consideration should be given to an adult vaccination policy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woo Lee
- Division of Vaccine Preventable Disease Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Gangoe-myon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Menson EN, Mellado MJ, Bamford A, Castelli G, Duiculescu D, Marczyńska M, Navarro ML, Scherpbier HJ, Heath PT. Guidance on vaccination of HIV-infected children in Europe. HIV Med 2012; 13:333-6; e1-14. [PMID: 22296225 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2011.00982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E N Menson
- Department of General Paediatrics, Evelina Children's Hospital @St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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Crockett ME, Keystone JS. Protection of Travelers. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2012. [PMCID: PMC7152291 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-2702-9.00008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abel K. The rhesus macaque pediatric SIV infection model - a valuable tool in understanding infant HIV-1 pathogenesis and for designing pediatric HIV-1 prevention strategies. Curr HIV Res 2009; 7:2-11. [PMID: 19149549 DOI: 10.2174/157016209787048528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, the AIDS pandemic continues almost relentlessly. Women are now representing the fastest growing group of newly infected HIV-1 infected patients. The risk of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 increases proportionally as many of these women are of childbearing age. The screening of pregnant women, the early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, and the administration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have helped to reduce MTCT significantly. However, this holds true only for developed countries. In many resource-poor countries, access to ART is limited, and breastfeeding, a major route of HIV-1 transmission, is essential to protect the infant from other infectious diseases preponderant in those geographic regions. HIV-1 infected children, in contrast to adult patients, have higher levels of virus replication that decline only slowly, and a subset progresses to AIDS within the first two years. Thus, it is imperative to understand pediatric HIV-1 pathogenesis to design effective prevention strategies and/or a successful pediatric HIV-1 vaccine. The review summarizes how MTCT of HIV-1 in humans can be modeled in the infant macaque model of SIV infection. Importantly, the infant macaque model of SIV infection provides the opportunity to study early virus-host interactions in multiple anatomic compartments. Furthermore, the review underlines the importance of evaluating SIV/HIV immune responses in the context of the normal developmental changes the immune system undergoes in the newborn. Thus, the pediatric SIV infection model provides a unique resource for preclinical studies of novel intervention therapies and vaccine strategies to stop MTCT of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Abel
- California National Primate Research Center, and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, CA, USA.
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Crockett ME, Keystone JS. Protection of Travelers. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE 2008. [PMCID: PMC7310923 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-3468-8.50015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Barnett ED, Kozarsky PE, Steffen R. Vaccines for international travel. Vaccines (Basel) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-3611-1.50069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Guérin N, Sorge F, Imbert P, Laurent C, Banerjee A, Khelfaoui-Ladraa F, Gendrel D. Vaccinations de l'enfant voyageur. Arch Pediatr 2007; 14:54-63. [PMID: 17049217 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2006.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Each year, half a million of children leave France to travel towards countries south or east of the European Union, sometimes in poor sanitary conditions. In order to propose essential or useful immunizations for these trips, the current synthesis will allow the practitioner to insure that the routine French immunization schedule has been followed, and to complete it if needed, to protect the child according to the epidemiological situation in the visited area, to try to reduce the limitations of the immunization of the traveler child. In case of emergency, or close departure, it may be useful to follow an accelerated schedule of the last minute, and, sometimes, to immunize traveler children with a chronic disease. Informations on Internet sites useful for the knowledge of current infectious risks in the destination country are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Guérin
- Service de pédiatrie générale, hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, 82, avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris cedex 14, France
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Hill DR, Ericsson CD, Pearson RD, Keystone JS, Freedman DO, Kozarsky PE, DuPont HL, Bia FJ, Fischer PR, Ryan ET. The Practice of Travel Medicine: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43:1499-539. [PMID: 17109284 DOI: 10.1086/508782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2006] [Accepted: 08/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David R Hill
- National Travel Health Network and Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 6AU, England.
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Peyrin-Biroulet L, Donnais A, Barraud H, Darfeuil F, Watelet J, Hudziak H, Bronowicki JP, Bigard MA, Chone L. [Hepatitis A acquired from an asymptomatic adopted child]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 30:609-10. [PMID: 16733387 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-8320(06)73236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of acute hepatitis in a 36-year-old woman that was acquired from an adopted African child with asymptomatic active infection. At present, most experts do not screen for hepatitis A. However, adoptive parents should be vaccinated against hepatitis A because of the risk of unrecognized active infection in adopted children from countries in which infection is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie et Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition-INSERM 0014, CHU Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy.
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Rodríguez-Guardado A, Méndez-Menéndez N, Puente-Puente S. Recomendaciones al viajero en situaciones especiales. Med Clin (Barc) 2006; 126:25-33. [PMID: 16409949 DOI: 10.1157/13083326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increase in the hope and quality of life, along with the greater rapidity and comfort of the different means of transport have made possible that travellers with chronic diseases, pregnant and kids makes tourist trips to tropical or subtropical zones. On the other hand the increase of the international cooperation has caused the appearance of long stay travellers who live in conditions such as the local population. These travellers have special characteristics due to their physical training conditions, chronic treatments, or the way of life during the travel that them makes more susceptible to suffer problems of health during the travel. For this reason the usual recommendations for travellers are insufficient in these groups and is necessary to make an individualized travel advice that considers these factors. This revision shows the most important warnings that must be made in these groups of special travellers.
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Barnett ED, Chen LH. Prevention of travel-related infectious diseases in families of internationally adopted children. Pediatr Clin North Am 2005; 52:1271-86, vi. [PMID: 16154463 PMCID: PMC7118974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2005.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pretravel consultation before international adoption must encompass standard advice for those who travel, advice for those who are exposed to the newly adopted child, and information about caring for a new child during travel. Children who travel to meet siblings may need special accommodations before and during travel. Data on the health of internationally adopted children illustrate the risk of exposing family members and close contacts to some infectious diseases during or after international adoption. Parents, family members, and close contacts of the newly adopted child should be given advice to reduce their own and their child's risk. Targeted preadoption counseling, close attention to hygiene and safety advice, and prompt identification and treatment of infections lead to the safest and most trouble-free adoption travel experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth D Barnett
- Maxwell Finland Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Room 503, Boston Medical Center, 774 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Suh KN, Mileno MD. Challenging scenarios in a travel clinic: advising the complex traveler. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2005; 19:15-47. [PMID: 15701545 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With adequate preparation and in consultation with a travel medicine expert, most travelers today can travel safely regardless of their age and health status. The few instances when it is prudent to alter travel plans or postpone travel altogether are not to be taken lightly. For the most part, however, most complex travelers can enjoy a healthy and rewarding travel experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn N Suh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
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Abstract
Travel vaccines comprise an essential component of pretravel health advice; however, many travelers do not take advantage of this preventive health strategy to decrease their risk of travel-related illness. Factors that impact on a traveler's decision on whether or not to be vaccinated are related to the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of the traveler regarding travel vaccines, vaccine-preventable diseases, and other factors. Further research is required to increase travelers' awareness of the need for pretravel vaccination and then to translate that awareness into positive attitudes leading to increased travel vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryanne Crockett
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Gendrel D. Vaccination contre l'hépatite A chez l'enfant. Arch Pediatr 2004; 11:1360-6. [PMID: 15519837 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2004.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis A is usually considered as a mild disease and is asymptomatic in more than 80% of children less than 5 years of age. Furthermore, incidence of the disease decreased dramatically in France during the past decades. For these reasons mass routine vaccination is not required in our country. However, infected children shed the virus in the community and are responsible for secondary cases, sometimes severe. That is why, despite the cost and the absence of reimbursement of the vaccine, immunisation against hepatitis A is recommended in children attending health-care institutions, in children with chronic liver disease and in those travelling in endemic areas. Prophylaxis around an index case is the main problem because non-specific immunoglobulins, although recommended, are not available in France for this indication. Vaccination in the few days following exposition has been reported to be efficient in household contacts and small communities, including nurseries. This strategy is recommended by the British Advisory Board within the 7 days following exposition, but not in France. However, it can be proposed to the family by paediatricians.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gendrel
- Hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris 82, avenue Denfert-Rochereau 75014 Paris, France.
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