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Patrawalla NY, Raj R, Nazar V, Kishore V. Magnetic Alignment of Collagen: Principles, Methods, Applications, and Fiber Alignment Analyses. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:405-422. [PMID: 38019048 PMCID: PMC11404687 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropically aligned collagen scaffolds mimic the microarchitectural properties of native tissue, possess superior mechanical properties, and provide the essential physicochemical cues to guide cell response. Biofabrication methodologies to align collagen fibers include mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and microfluidic approaches. Magnetic alignment of collagen was first published in 1983 but widespread use of this technique was hindered mainly due to the low diamagnetism of collagen molecules and the need for very strong tesla-order magnetic fields. Over the last decade, there is a renewed interest in the use of magnetic approaches that employ magnetic particles and low-level magnetic fields to align collagen fibers. In this review, the working principle, advantages, and limitations of different collagen alignment techniques with special emphasis on the magnetic alignment approach are detailed. Key findings from studies that employ high-strength magnetic fields and the magnetic particle-based approach to align collagen fibers are highlighted. In addition, the most common qualitative and quantitative image analyses methods to assess collagen alignment are discussed. Finally, current challenges and future directions are presented for further development and clinical translation of magnetically aligned collagen scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaita Y Patrawalla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
| | - Ravi Raj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
| | - Vida Nazar
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vipuil Kishore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
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Nawale N, Shrivastava J, Mahajan S, Dutta S, Choudhary N, Naik N, More A. The Implications of the Meiotic Spindle Visualization Technique on In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Outcome in a Perimenopausal Patient. Cureus 2024; 16:e55375. [PMID: 38562327 PMCID: PMC10982839 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
An infertile couple visited an in vitro fertilization center situated in Maharashtra, India, seeking treatment for primary infertility. The 39-year-old premenopausal woman had a history of two intrauterine inseminations and intracytoplasmic sperm injections (ICSI), along with a history of tuberculosis from six years, and a normal hormonal range. The male was normozoospermic. The patient was given a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist treatment and triggered before 36 hours of ovum pickup (OPU), but the cycle failed. Due to normal blood parameters, it was decided to use an optimal microscope using a polarizing filter to check the timing of meiotic spindle (MS) formation in the oocytes. The patient was triggered again for OPU, and during the procedure, 14 oocytes were retrieved. It was decided to perform ICSI after seven and a half hours of OPU post-observation of MS formation around the same hour. On day 21, the patient was suggested for embryo transfer (ET), where two blastocysts (4AA and 3AA) were transferred into the uterus. After a successful ET, the patient was discharged from the hospital. On day 14, a beta-human chronic gonadotrophin report revealed a positive pregnancy (910 mIU/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Nawale
- Clinical Embryology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Jarul Shrivastava
- Clinical Embryology, Wardha Test Tube Baby Centre, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sanket Mahajan
- Clinical Embryology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shilpa Dutta
- Clinical Embryology, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Namrata Choudhary
- Clinical Embryology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nandkishor Naik
- Clinical Embryology, Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai, IND
| | - Akash More
- Clinical Embryology, Wardha Test Tube Baby Centre, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
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Herman J, Harmata P, Czerwiński M, Strzeżysz O, Pytlarczyk M, Zając M, Kula P. Synthesis, Mesomorphism and the Optical Properties of Alkyl-deuterated Nematogenic 4-[(2,6-Difluorophenyl)ethynyl]biphenyls. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164653. [PMID: 34443176 PMCID: PMC8399011 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of new deuterated liquid crystal (LC) compounds based on phenyl tolane core is described in this paper. The work presents an alternative molecular approach to the conventional LC design. Correlations between molecular structure and mesomorphic and optical properties for compounds which are alkyl-hydrogen terminated and alkyl-deuterium, have been drawn. The compounds are characterized by mass spectrometry (electron ionization) analysis and infrared spectroscopy. They show enantiotropic nematic behavior in a broad temperature range, confirmed by a polarizing thermomicroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Detailed synthetic procedures are attached. Synthesized compounds show a significantly reduced absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) and medium-wavelength infrared (MWIR) radiation range, and stand as promising components of medium to highly birefringent liquid crystalline mixtures.
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Birefringence Changes of Dendrites in Mouse Hippocampal Slices Revealed with Polarizing Microscopy. Biophys J 2020; 118:2366-2384. [PMID: 32294480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic optical signal (IOS) imaging has been widely used to map the patterns of brain activity in vivo in a label-free manner. Traditional IOS refers to changes in light transmission, absorption, reflectance, and scattering of the brain tissue. Here, we use polarized light for IOS imaging to monitor structural changes of cellular and subcellular architectures due to their neuronal activity in isolated brain slices. To reveal fast spatiotemporal changes of subcellular structures associated with neuronal activity, we developed the instantaneous polarized light microscope (PolScope), which allows us to observe birefringence changes in neuronal cells and tissues while stimulating neuronal activity. The instantaneous PolScope records changes in transmission, birefringence, and slow axis orientation in tissue at a high spatial and temporal resolution using a single camera exposure. These capabilities enabled us to correlate polarization-sensitive IOS with traditional IOS on the same preparations. We detected reproducible spatiotemporal changes in both IOSs at the stratum radiatum in mouse hippocampal slices evoked by electrical stimulation at Schaffer collaterals. Upon stimulation, changes in traditional IOS signals were broadly uniform across the area, whereas birefringence imaging revealed local variations not seen in traditional IOS. Locations with high resting birefringence produced larger stimulation-evoked birefringence changes than those produced at low resting birefringence. Local application of glutamate to the synaptic region in CA1 induced an increase in both transmittance and birefringence signals. Blocking synaptic transmission with inhibitors CNQX (for AMPA-type glutamate receptor) and D-APV (for NMDA-type glutamate receptor) reduced the peak amplitude of the optical signals. Changes in both IOSs were enhanced by an inhibitor of the membranous glutamate transporter, DL-TBOA. Our results indicate that the detection of activity-induced structural changes of the subcellular architecture in dendrites is possible in a label-free manner.
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Song L, Feng Y, Guo X, Shen Y, Wu D, Wu Z, Zhou C, Zhu L, Gao S, Liu W, Zhang X, Li Z. Ultrafast polarization bio-imaging based on coherent detection and time-stretch techniques. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:6556-6568. [PMID: 31065449 PMCID: PMC6490988 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.006556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Optical polarization imaging has played an important role in many biological and biomedical applications, as it provides a label-free and non-invasive detection scheme to reveal the polarization information of optical rotation, birefringence, and photoelasticity distribution inherent in biological samples. However, the imaging speeds of the previously demonstrated polarization imaging techniques were often limited by the slow frame rates of the arrayed imaging detectors, which usually run at frame rates of several hundred hertz. By combining the optical coherent detection of orthogonal polarizations and the optical time-stretch imaging technique, we achieved ultrafast polarization bio-imaging at an extremely fast record line scanning rate up to 100 MHz without averaging. We experimentally demonstrated the superior performance of our method by imaging three slices of different kinds of biological samples with the retrieved Jones matrix and polarization-sensitive information including birefringence and diattenuation. The proposed system in this paper may find potential applications for ultrafast polarization dynamics in living samples or some other advanced biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuanhua Feng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaojie Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuecheng Shen
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Daixuan Wu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Congran Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Linyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shecheng Gao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Shimomura A, Fukuda T, Emoto A. Analysis of interference fringes based on three circularly polarized beams targeted for birefringence distribution measurements. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:7318-7324. [PMID: 30182994 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.007318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a potential means of measuring birefringence distribution, we analyzed the interference fringes based on three circularly polarized beams: a right-handed signal beam, a left-handed reference beam, and a right-handed reference beam. All beams were crossed at the same angle on the interfering plane, creating a two-dimensional interference fringe with three grating vectors. We proposed that by analyzing the interference fringes, we can measure the anisotropic phase shift in the signal beam. The obtained features of the anisotropic phase shift can be extended to the measurement of two-dimensional birefringence distributions without rotational manipulations of the objectives or polarizers. The fringes were generated by monolithic gratings, which can generate three-beam interfering fields precisely and easily. Finally, we confirmed the feasibility of a birefringence measurement system without any rotational manipulations of optics.
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