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Owais C, Kalathingal M, Swathi RS. Encapsulation of monocyclic carbon clusters into carbon nanotubes: A continuum modeling approach. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, PART N: JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS, NANOENGINEERING AND NANOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/2397791420964002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbon clusters are challenging to produce and isolate due to their highly reactive nature. One of the strategies for their isolation is to encapsulate the clusters into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of appropriate radii. Herein, we have investigated the energetics for the encapsulation of the monocyclic carbon rings, [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]) into CNTs of various radii using the continuum approximation. The encapsulation is driven by the non-covalent interactions between the carbon rings and the CNTs. The analyzes of the axial forces and the interaction energies at various orientations and positions of centers of mass of the rings with respect to the CNT axes clearly suggested the role of the tube radius in governing the energetics of encapsulation. Estimation of the acceptance and the suction energies as a function of CNT radius led to the prediction that the CNTs with radii of 5.38 Å, 5.83 Å, 6.25 Å, 6.68 Å, 7.07 Å, 7.51 Å, and 7.90 Å can efficiently encapsulate C10, C12, C14, C16, C18, C20, and C22 rings, respectively. In the limit of large tube radii, the numerical results lead to those obtained for carbon ring adsorption on graphene. Furthermore, the continuum approach enabled us to explore the potential energy surfaces thereby arriving at the equilibrium configurations of the rings inside the CNTs. Such an analysis is invaluable because of the enormous computational cost associated with quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheriyacheruvakkara Owais
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Mahroof Kalathingal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Rotti Srinivasamurthy Swathi
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, India
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2
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Celluzzi A, Paolini A, D'Oria V, Risoluti R, Materazzi S, Pezzullo M, Casciardi S, Sennato S, Bordi F, Masotti A. Biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated carbon nanotubes and bidimensional buckypapers in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018. [PMID: 29296082 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144155.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings in nanomedicine have revealed that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as potential drug carriers, therapeutic agents and diagnostics tools. Moreover, due to their ability to cross cellular membranes, their nanosize dimension, high surface area and relatively good biocompatibility, CNTs have also been employed as a novel gene delivery vector system. In our previous work, we functionalized CNTs with two polyamine polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM). These compounds have low cytotoxicity, ability to conjugate microRNAs (such as miR-503) and, at the same time, transfect efficiently endothelial cells. The parameters contributing to the good efficiency of transfection that we observed were not investigated in detail. In fact, the diameter and length of CNTs are important parameters to be taken into account when evaluating the effects on drug delivery efficiency. In order to investigate the biophysical and biological contributions of polymer-coated CNTs in delivery of miRNAs to human cells, we decided to investigate three different preparations, characterized by different dimensions and aspect ratios. In particular, we took into account very small CNTs, a suspension of CNTs starting from the commercial product and a 2D material based on CNTs (ie, buckypapers [BPs]) to examine the transfection efficiency of a rigid scaffold. In conclusion, we extensively investigated the biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated CNTs and bidimensional BPs in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells, in order to optimize the transfection efficiency of these compounds to be employed as efficient drug delivery vectors in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Pezzullo
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institution for Insurance Against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Monte Porzio Catone
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Bordi
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
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3
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Emergence in the functionalized carbon nanotubes as smart nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. FULLERENS, GRAPHENES AND NANOTUBES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7149356 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813691-1.00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the newer generation advanced materials for diverse applications, starting from physical, mechanical, chemical and biological sciences. However, the present era of healthcare industry is extensively using CNTs for exploring their applications in mitigating diverse needs. The considered attention in CNTs is due to their inimitable properties such as size and aspect ratio covering surface area to the length, and amenable electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Available in diverse forms, viz. single-walled, double walled or multi-walled structures, CNTs of different forms possess multiple advantages in various healthcare segments, and especially in drug delivery for the treatment of diseases. CNTs have proven to be useful in specific drug delivery applications such as controlled and targeted drug delivery to desired sites such as lymphatic and ocular systems, brain and other cancerous tissues. Multiple research reports have been published till date, which unequivocally gives testimony to the potential applications of CNTs. The present book chapter, in this regard, endeavor to provide an overview on synthesis, characterization and drug delivery applications of CNTs. The chapter highlights on recent regulatory standards on commercial production and safety testing of the CNTs for translating them into market.
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4
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Celluzzi A, Paolini A, D'Oria V, Risoluti R, Materazzi S, Pezzullo M, Casciardi S, Sennato S, Bordi F, Masotti A. Biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated carbon nanotubes and bidimensional buckypapers in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 13:1-18. [PMID: 29296082 PMCID: PMC5739113 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings in nanomedicine have revealed that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as potential drug carriers, therapeutic agents and diagnostics tools. Moreover, due to their ability to cross cellular membranes, their nanosize dimension, high surface area and relatively good biocompatibility, CNTs have also been employed as a novel gene delivery vector system. In our previous work, we functionalized CNTs with two polyamine polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM). These compounds have low cytotoxicity, ability to conjugate microRNAs (such as miR-503) and, at the same time, transfect efficiently endothelial cells. The parameters contributing to the good efficiency of transfection that we observed were not investigated in detail. In fact, the diameter and length of CNTs are important parameters to be taken into account when evaluating the effects on drug delivery efficiency. In order to investigate the biophysical and biological contributions of polymer-coated CNTs in delivery of miRNAs to human cells, we decided to investigate three different preparations, characterized by different dimensions and aspect ratios. In particular, we took into account very small CNTs, a suspension of CNTs starting from the commercial product and a 2D material based on CNTs (ie, buckypapers [BPs]) to examine the transfection efficiency of a rigid scaffold. In conclusion, we extensively investigated the biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated CNTs and bidimensional BPs in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells, in order to optimize the transfection efficiency of these compounds to be employed as efficient drug delivery vectors in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Pezzullo
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institution for Insurance Against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Monte Porzio Catone
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Bordi
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
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5
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Azizullah, Nisar-ur-Rehman, Haider A, Kortz U, Afridi S, Sohail M, Joshi SA, Iqbal J. Novel pH responsive supramolecular hydrogels of chitosan hydrochloride and polyoxometalate: In-vitro, in-vivo and preliminary safety evaluation. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:125-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Azizullah, Haider A, Kortz U, Joshi SA, Iqbal J. Polyethyleneimine-Polyoxometalate-Based Supramolecular Self-assembled pH-Responsive Hydrogels: Formulation and in vitro Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azizullah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research; department of Pharmacy; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad- 22060 Pakistan
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry; Jacobs University; P.O. Box 750561 28725 Bremen Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Q; uaid-i-Azam University; 45320- Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry; Jacobs University; P.O. Box 750561 28725 Bremen Germany
| | - Sachin A. Joshi
- Dr. K. C. Patel Research and Development Centre; Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Dist. Anand; 388421 Gujarat India
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research; department of Pharmacy; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad- 22060 Pakistan
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7
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Fu X, Wang X, Zhou S, Zhang Y. IONP-doped nanoparticles for highly effective NIR-controlled drug release and combination tumor therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:3751-3766. [PMID: 28553112 PMCID: PMC5440031 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in controlled drug delivery, drug delivery systems (DDSs) with controlled activated drug release and high spatial and temporal resolution are still required. Theranostic nanomedicine is capable of diagnosis, therapy, and monitoring the delivery and distribution of drug molecules and has received growing interest. In this study, a near-infrared light-controlled “off–on” DDS with magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic targeting properties was developed using a hybrid nanoplatform (carbon nanotubes [CNTs]-iron oxide nanoparticle). Doxorubicin (DOX) and distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-PEG were adsorbed onto CNTs-iron oxide nanoparticle, and then to avoid the unexpected drug release during circulation, 1-myristyl alcohol was used to encapsulate the CNTs–drug complex. Herein, multifunctional DOX-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) with “off–on” state were developed. DOX-NPs showed an obvious “off–on” effect (temperature increase, drug release) controlled by near-infrared light in vitro and in vivo. In the in vivo and in vitro studies, DOX-NPs exhibited excellent magnetic resonance imaging ability, magnetic targeting property, high biosafety, and high antitumor combined therapeutic efficacy (hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy). These results highlight the great potential of DOX-NPs in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Fu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Xinjun Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Shaolong Zhou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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8
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Ley KJ, Shaw LA, Yiapanis G, MacLaughlin S, Yarovsky I. Effect of substrate on the responsive behaviour of functionalised surfaces: insights from molecular simulation. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2015.1083100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Balasubramani SG, Singh D, Swathi RS. Noble gas encapsulation into carbon nanotubes: Predictions from analytical model and DFT studies. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:184304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4900963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Shah HS, Al-Oweini R, Haider A, Kortz U, Iqbal J. Cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibition studies of polyoxometalates and their chitosan nanoassemblies. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:341-352. [PMID: 28962250 PMCID: PMC5598103 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyoxometalates (POMs) have become very significant in biomedical research for their structural diversity which renders them highly active against bacterial, viral and cancer diseases. In this study three different POMs were synthesized and nanoassemblies were made with chitosan (CTS), a natural biodegradable polymer with excellent drug carrier properties. The compounds were tested on two isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatases including tissue specific calf intestine alkaline phosphatase (CIAP) and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Compound [TeW6O24]6− (TeW6) showed the highest activity (45.4 ± 11.3 nM) among tested compounds against TNAP. Similarly, chitosan-[TeW6O24]6− (CTS-TeW6) was proved to be a potent inhibitor of CIAP with Ki value of 22 ± 7 nM. A comparative study was made to evaluate their cytotoxic potential against HeLa cells. Among all tested compounds, Chitosan-[NaP5W30O110]14− (CTS-P5W30) has showed higher percent cytotoxicity (88 ± 10%) at 10 μM when compared with the standard anticancer drug vincristine (72 ± 7%). The study revealed that selected POMs proved excellent anticancer potential and were equally effective against alkaline phosphatase enzyme, an increased level of which may indicate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Saeed Shah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Rami Al-Oweini
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ali Haider
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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11
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Fiorani G, Saoncella O, Kaner P, Altinkaya SA, Figoli A, Bonchio M, Carraro M. Chitosan-Polyoxometalate Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and Application as Antimicrobial Agents. J CLUST SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-013-0685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Li P, Liu H, Yang J, Sun D, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Cai C, Lu T. A ruthenium(iii) phosphonate complex on polyallylamine functionalized carbon nanotube multilayer films: self-assembly, direct electrochemistry, and electrocatalysis. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:102-109. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Smaranda I, Baibarac M, Baltog I, Mevellec J, Lefrant S. Spectroelectrochemical properties of the single walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with polydiphenylamine doped with heteropolyanions. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Olivier C, Moreau C, Bertoncini P, Bizot H, Chauvet O, Cathala B. Cellulose nanocrystal-assisted dispersion of luminescent single-walled carbon nanotubes for layer-by-layer assembled hybrid thin films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12463-71. [PMID: 22866865 DOI: 10.1021/la302077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Highly stable single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) dispersions are obtained after ultrasonication in cellulose nanocrystal (CN) aqueous colloidal suspensions. Mild dispersion conditions were applied to preserve the SWNT length in order to facilitate the identification of hybrid objects. This led to a moderate dispersion of 24% of the SWNTs. Under these conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments succeeded in demonstrating the formation of hybrid particles in which CNs are aligned along the nanotube axis by a self-assembly process. These SWNT/CN dispersions are used to create multilayered thin films with the layer-by-layer method using polyallylamine hydrochloride as a polyelectrolyte. Homogeneous films from one to eight bilayers are obtained with an average bilayer thickness of 17 nm. The presence of SWNTs in each bilayer is attested to by characteristic Raman signals. It should be noted that these films exhibit a near-infrared luminescence signal due to isolated and well-separated nanotubes. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggests that the SWNT network is percolating through the film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Olivier
- INRA-BIA, UMR 1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France.
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15
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Abstract
Research on mixed matrix membranes in which nanoparticles are used to enhance the membrane's performance in terms of flux, separation, and fouling resistance has boomed in the last years. This review probes on the specific features and benefits of one specific type of nanoparticles with a well-defined cylindrical structure, known as nanotubes. Nanotube structures for potential use in membranes are reviewed. These comprise mainly single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), but also other structures and materials, which are less studied for membrane applications, can be used. Important issues related to polymer-nanotube interactions such as dispersion and alignment are outlined, and a categorization is made of the resultant membranes. Applications are reviewed in four different areas, that is, gas separation, water filtration, drug delivery, and fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Van der Bruggen
- Laboratory for Applied Physical Chemistry and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, W. de Croylaan 46, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Guan W, Wu Z, Su Z. DFT study of ionic peapod structures from single-walled carbon nanotubes and Lindqvist tungstates. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:2798-803. [PMID: 22267108 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT investigations have been carried out on encapsulation of Lindqvist-type W(6)O(19)(2-) anion inside hydrogenated (n,n) armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes (h-CNTs) with n = 8, 9, 10 to understand the confinement effect of the CNTs on the rotation of W(6)O(19)(2-). The energy-decomposition analysis (EDA) of interaction between W(6)O(19)(2-) and CNTs shows that with the increase of confinement effect from n = 8, 9, to 10, the destabilizing ΔE(Pauli) plays a more important role in the relative orientation of W(6)O(19)(2-) inside CNTs. For W(6)O(19)(2-)@(9,9) h-CNT, the most stable orientation appears at the y/z angle 45°/36°. The confinement effect reduces significantly the energy gap of W(6)O(19)(2-)@(n,n) h-CNT (n = 8, 9, 10) compared with free W(6)O(19)(2-). Electron transfer from the W(6)O(19)(2-) to CNT is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P R China
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Yuan J, Jin X, Li N, Chen J, Miao J, Zhang Q, Niu L, Song J. Large scale load of phosphotungstic acid on multiwalled carbon nanotubes with a grafted poly(4-vinylpyridine) linker. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Liu S, Xu L, Li F, Guo W, Xing Y, Sun Z. Carbon nanotubes-assisted polyoxometalate nanocomposite film with enhanced electrochromic performance. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.05.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Ariga K, McShane M, Lvov YM, Ji Q, Hill JP. Layer-by-layer assembly for drug delivery and related applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:633-44. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.566268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Hybrid organic–inorganic materials based on poly(o-phenylenediamine) and polyoxometallate functionalized carbon nanotubes. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Beg S, Rizwan M, Sheikh AM, Hasnain MS, Anwer K, Kohli K. Advancement in carbon nanotubes: basics, biomedical applications and toxicity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 63:141-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01167.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much attention by researchers worldwide in recent years for their small dimensions and unique architecture, and for having immense potential in nanomedicine as biocompatible and supportive substrates, as a novel tool for the delivery of therapeutic molecules including peptides, RNA and DNA, and also as sensors, actuators and composites.
Key findings
CNTs have been employed in the development of molecular electronic, composite materials and others due to their unique atomic structure, high surface area-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic, mechanical and thermal properties. Recently they have been exploited as novel nanocarriers in drug delivery systems and biomedical applications. Their larger inner volume as compared with the dimensions of the tube and easy immobilization of their outer surface with biocompatible materials make CNTs a superior nanomaterial for drug delivery. Literature reveals that CNTs are versatile carriers for controlled and targeted drug delivery, especially for cancer cells, because of their cell membrane penetrability.
Summary
This review enlightens the biomedical application of CNTs with special emphasis on utilization in controlled and targeted drug delivery, as a diagnostics tool and other possible uses in therapeutic systems. The review also focuses on the toxicity aspects of CNTs, and revealed that genotoxic potential, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of different types of CNTs must be explored and overcome by formulating safe biomaterial for drug delivery. The review also describes the regulatory aspects and clinical and market status of CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Rizwan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Asif M Sheikh
- Formulation Research, Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Saquib Hasnain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Khalid Anwer
- King Saud University, Al-Kharj, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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