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LaVoy ECP, Bollard CM, Hanley PJ, O'Connor DP, Lowder TW, Bosch JA, Simpson RJ. A single bout of dynamic exercise by healthy adults enhances the generation of monocyte-derived-dendritic cells. Cell Immunol 2015; 295:52-9. [PMID: 25749006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ex vivo generation of monocyte-derived-dendritic cells (mo-DCs) has facilitated the use of DCs in immunotherapy research. However, low blood monocyte numbers frequently limit the manufacture of sufficient numbers of mo-DCs for subsequent experimental and clinical procedures. Because exercise mobilizes monocytes to the blood, we tested if acute dynamic exercise by healthy adults would augment the generation of mo-DCs without compromising their differentiation or function. We compared mo-DC generation from before- and after-exercise blood over 8-days of culture. Function was assessed by FITC-dextran uptake and the stimulation of autologous cytomegalovirus (pp65)-specific-T-cells. Supporting the hypothesis, we found a near fourfold increase in number of mo-DCs generated after-exercise. Furthermore, relative FITC-dextran uptake, differentiation rate, and stimulation of pp65-specific-T-cells did not differ between before- and after-exercise mo-DCs. We conclude that exercise enhances the ex vivo generation of mo-DCs without compromising their function, and so may overcome some limitations associated with manufacturing these cells for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C P LaVoy
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System and The George Washington University, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Patrick J Hanley
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System and The George Washington University, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Daniel P O'Connor
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas W Lowder
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jos A Bosch
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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ROYER P. Efficient monocyte-derived dendritic cell generation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy treatment: Application to active immunotherapy. Exp Hematol 2008; 36:329-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ueda Y, Itoh T, Fuji N, Harada S, Fujiki H, Shimizu K, Shiozaki A, Iwamoto A, Shimizu T, Mazda O, Kimura T, Sonoda Y, Taniwaki M, Yamagishi H. Successful induction of clinically competent dendritic cells from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized monocytes for cancer vaccine therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:381-9. [PMID: 16830156 PMCID: PMC11030097 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is one promising approach for the treatment of cancer. We previously studied the clinical toxicity, feasibility, and efficacy of cancer vaccine therapy with peptide-pulsed DCs. In that study, we used granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood monocytes as a cell source of DCs. However, previous investigations have suggested that G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood monocytes produce reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. These T helper (Th)-1-type cytokines are thought to promote antitumor immune response. In this study, we assessed the functional abilities of DCs generated from G-CSF-mobilized monocytes obtained from 13 patients with CEA-positive advanced solid cancers. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from leukapheresis products collected before and after systemic administration of G-CSF (subcutaneous administration of high-dose [5-10 microg/kg] human recombinant G-CSF for five consecutive days). In vitro cytokine production profiles after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were compared between monocytes with and without G-CSF mobilization. DCs generated from monocytes were also examined with respect to cytokine production and the capacity to induce peptide-specific T cell responses. Administration of G-CSF was found to efficiently mobilize peripheral blood monocytes. Although G-CSF-mobilized monocytes (G/Mo) less effectively produced Th-1-type cytokines than control monocytes (C/Mo), DCs generated from G/Mo restored the same level of IL-12 production as that seen in DCs generated from C/Mo. T cell induction assay using recall antigen peptide and phenotypic analyses also demonstrated that DCs generated from G/Mo retained characteristics identical to those generated from C/Mo. Our results suggest that G-CSF mobilization can be used to collect monocytes as a cell source for the generation of DCs for cancer immunotherapy. DCs generated in this fashion were pulsed with HLA-A24-restricted CEA epitope peptide and administered to patients safely; immunological responses were induced in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ueda
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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Wegrowski Y, Milard AL, Kotlarz G, Toulmonde E, Maquart FX, Bernard J. Cell surface proteoglycan expression during maturation of human monocytes-derived dendritic cells and macrophages. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 144:485-93. [PMID: 16734618 PMCID: PMC1941969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface proteoglycans play an important part in the functional and metabolic behaviour of leucocytes. We studied the expression of cell surface proteoglycans in human monocytes, in monocyte-derived immature and mature dendritic cells and in macrophages by metabolic labelling with [(35)S]-sulphate, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Immature dendritic cells had the highest metabolic activity for the synthesis of cell surface proteoglycans. The major part of these proteoglycans was in phosphatidylinositol-anchored form and was released after treatment with phospholipase C. A minor part was released by trypsin. Digestion with chondroitinase ABC and mild HNO(2) treatment showed that cell surface proteoglycans had a higher proportion of chondroitin sulphate, both in the phospholipase C and trypsin fractions, suggesting that at least some glypicans contained chondroitin sulphate chains. RT-PCR detected the transcripts of glypicans 1, 3, 4 and 5 and all syndecans. Immature dendritic cells expressed a most complex spectrum of glypicans and syndecans, glypican-1 and syndecan-1 being expressed preferentially by this type of cells. Mature dendritic cells expressed glypican-3, which was not present in other lineages. These results suggest that different mononuclear cells synthesize cell surface proteoglycans actively with characteristic expression of different syndecans and glypicans genes, depending on the degree of cell differentiation and/or maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wegrowski
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CNRS UMR 6198, Faculty of Medicine, Reims, France.
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Syme R, Bajwa R, Robertson L, Stewart D, Glück S. Comparison of CD34 and monocyte-derived dendritic cells from mobilized peripheral blood from cancer patients. Stem Cells 2005; 23:74-81. [PMID: 15625124 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2004-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that are integral to the initiation of T-cell immunity. Two cell types can be used as a source for generating DCs: monocytes and CD34(+) stem cells. Despite many investigations characterizing DCs, none have performed a direct paired comparison of monocyte and stem cell-derived DCs. Therefore, it is unclear whether one cell source has particular advantages over the other, or whether inherent differences exist between the two populations. We undertook the following study to determine if there were any differences in DCs generated from monocytes or CD34(+) cells from mobilized peripheral blood. DCs were generated by culturing the adherent cells (monocytes) in interleukin-4 and GM-CSF for 7 days, or by culturing nonadherent cells (CD34(+)) in the presence of GM-CSF and tumor necrosis factor alpha for 14 days. The resulting DCs were compared morphologically, phenotypically, functionally, and by yield. We could generate morphologically and phenotypically similar DCs. Differences were encountered when expression levels of some cell surface markers were examined (CD86, HLA-DR). There was no difference in how the DCs performed in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (p = .3). Further, no statistical difference was discovered when we examined cellular (DC) yield (p = .1); however, there was a significant difference when yield was normalized to the starting number of monocytes or CD34(+) cells (p = .016). Together, these data demonstrate that differences do exist between monocyte-derived DCs and CD34-derived DCs from the same cellular product (apheresis) from the same individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Syme
- Clinical Research Program, Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, 1331 29th Street NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N2, Canada.
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Syme R, Bryan T, Duggan P, Bajwa R, Stewart D, Glück S. Priming with Dendritic Cells Can Generate Strong Cytotoxic T Cell Responses to Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2004; 13:211-21. [PMID: 15186738 DOI: 10.1089/154732804323046828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are antigen-presenting cells that can elicit potent antigen-specific responses. Since the development of techniques to cultivate these cells from peripheral blood, there has been a great deal of interest in their use in immunotherapeutic strategies. Here we show that morphologically, phenotypically, and functionally characteristic DC can be generated in vitro from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from frozen apheresis product (AP) of cancer patients. These DC, when pulsed with whole-tumor lysate, protein, or RNA from a chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cell line, can induce anti-CML specific cytotoxicity in vitro by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). RNA and protein-pulsed DC were more effective than lysate-pulsed DC at inducing cytotoxicity at low effector:target (E:T) ratios. These results were comparable to those obtained when fresh healthy peripheral blood was used as the source of PBMC, indicating that neither the malignant state of the patient nor the storage period detrimentally affected the generation or functionality of DC. CML cells were found to increase their level of MHC class I expression after exposure to CTL and pulsed DC thereby becoming better targets. These investigations lend support for the utilization of DC to generate anti-tumor responses in CML.
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MESH Headings
- Antigen Presentation
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/cytology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Syme
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N2
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Syme R, Callaghan D, Duggan P, Bitner S, Kelly M, Wolff J, Stewart D, Glück S. Storage of blood for in vitro generation of dendritic cells. Cytotherapy 2003; 4:271-6. [PMID: 12194723 DOI: 10.1080/146532402320219781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the development of techniques to cultivate DC from peripheral blood, there has been a great deal of interest in the use of these cells in immunotherapeutic strategies. In a clinical setting, delays often occur between when blood is drawn and when it is processed. We therefore investigated the effect of overnight storage on the yield, morphology and phenotype of DC cultured from the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. METHOD Blood was processed either immediately, or after storage for 24 h in the fridge (4 degrees C) or at room temperature (RT, 20 degrees C). Samples were compared for starting cell number, DC yield and characteristics (morphology and phenotype). RESULTS The number of PBMC that could be obtained was significantly lower from the refrigerated samples compared with both the freshly processed sample and that stored at RT. Samples processed after overnight storage at RT yielded cells morphologically identical to DC cultured from freshly processed samples. Only when samples were both stored and processed cold did the cultured cells not have typical DC morphology. DC cultured from the refrigerated samples showed a significant reduction in MHC II expression compared with samples processed fresh or stored at RT. This expression increased slightly when the sample was first warmed. Total DC yield and the percentage yield of cultured DC was not significantly different for any of the groups. DISCUSSION We conclude that, if immediate processing of blood for in vitro generation of DC is not possible, samples should be stored at room temperature (approximately 20 degrees C).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Syme
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Canada
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Syme RM, Bryan TL, Glück S. Dendritic cell-based therapy: a review focusing on antigenic selection. JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY & STEM CELL RESEARCH 2001; 10:601-8. [PMID: 11672506 DOI: 10.1089/152581601753193814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, technologies have developed that allow for the culturing of antigen-presenting cells (APC), such as dendritic cells (DC). The normal function of these cells is to present antigens to T cells, which then specifically recognize and ultimately eliminate the antigen source. Over the past number of years, these cells have been used in a variety of different immunotherapeutic strategies. Paramount in the success of such endeavors is the generation of desired T cell responses through the selection of appropriate antigens. This paper will serve to discuss the development and current status of dendritic cell-based therapy focusing on antigen selection for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Syme
- Department of Oncology, Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary AB, Canada
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