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Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Nanobionics: From plant empowering to the infectious disease treatment. J Control Release 2022; 349:890-901. [PMID: 35901860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases (ID) are serious threats against the global health and socio-economic conditions. Vaccination usually plays a key role in disease prevention, however, insufficient efficiency or immunogenicity may be quite challenging. Using the advanced vectors for delivery of vaccines with suitable efficiency, safety, and immune-modulatory activity, and tunable characteristics could be helpful, but there are no systematic reviews confirming the capabilities of the vaccine delivery systems for covering various types of pathogens. Furthermore, high rates of the infections, transmission, and fatal ratio and diversity of the pathogens and infection mechanisms may negatively influence vaccine effectiveness. The absence of highly-effective antibiotics against the resistant strains of bacteria and longevity of antibiotic testing have provoked increasing needs towards the application of more accurate and specific theranostic strategies including the nanotechnology-based ones. Nanobionics which is based on the charge storage and transport in the molecular structures, could be of key value in the molecular diagnostic tests and highly-specific electro-analytical methods or devices. Such devices based on the early disease diagnostics might be of critical significance against various types of diseases. This article highlights the significance of nanobionics against ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Hassanzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; Sasan Hospital, Tehran 14159-83391, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
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Chaitaveep N, Utachee P, Chuenchitra T, Karasavvan N, Takeda N, Kameoka M. Neutralization breadth and potency of serum derived from recently human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected Thai individuals. Microbes Infect 2016; 18:346-53. [PMID: 26774333 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neutralizing antibody responses play important roles in controlling several viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Potent and broad neutralizing antibody responses have been reported in some HIV-1-infected individuals; therefore, elucidating the mechanisms underlying neutralizing antibody responses will provide important information for the development of anti-HIV-1 vaccines. We herein performed a comparative study on the neutralization breadth and potency of serum samples collected from Thai individuals recently and chronically infected with HIV-1. Neutralization tests using a series of envelope glycoproteins (Env)-recombinant viruses revealed that although several serum samples derived from recently infected individuals did not show any HIV-1-specific neutralizing activity, the remaining serum samples exhibited neutralizing activity not only for recombinant viruses with CRF01_AE Env, but also for viruses with subtypes B and C Env. Furthermore, some serum samples derived from recently infected individuals showed the neutralization potency. Our results may provide a deeper insight into the characteristics of neutralizing antibody responses that develop during the course of HIV-1 infection among individuals in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piraporn Utachee
- Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections (RCC-ERI), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Nicos Karasavvan
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naokazu Takeda
- Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections (RCC-ERI), Nonthaburi, Thailand; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Kameoka
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan.
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Hancock G, Yang H, Yorke E, Wainwright E, Bourne V, Frisbee A, Payne TL, Berrong M, Ferrari G, Chopera D, Hanke T, Mothe B, Brander C, McElrath MJ, McMichael A, Goonetilleke N, Tomaras GD, Frahm N, Dorrell L. Identification of effective subdominant anti-HIV-1 CD8+ T cells within entire post-infection and post-vaccination immune responses. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004658. [PMID: 25723536 PMCID: PMC4344337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Defining the components of an HIV immunogen that could induce effective CD8+ T cell responses is critical to vaccine development. We addressed this question by investigating the viral targets of CD8+ T cells that potently inhibit HIV replication in vitro, as this is highly predictive of virus control in vivo. We observed broad and potent ex vivo CD8+ T cell-mediated viral inhibitory activity against a panel of HIV isolates among viremic controllers (VC, viral loads <5000 copies/ml), in contrast to unselected HIV-infected HIV Vaccine trials Network (HVTN) participants. Viral inhibition of clade-matched HIV isolates was strongly correlated with the frequency of CD8+ T cells targeting vulnerable regions within Gag, Pol, Nef and Vif that had been identified in an independent study of nearly 1000 chronically infected individuals. These vulnerable and so-called “beneficial” regions were of low entropy overall, yet several were not predicted by stringent conservation algorithms. Consistent with this, stronger inhibition of clade-matched than mismatched viruses was observed in the majority of subjects, indicating better targeting of clade-specific than conserved epitopes. The magnitude of CD8+ T cell responses to beneficial regions, together with viral entropy and HLA class I genotype, explained up to 59% of the variation in viral inhibitory activity, with magnitude of the T cell response making the strongest unique contribution. However, beneficial regions were infrequently targeted by CD8+ T cells elicited by vaccines encoding full-length HIV proteins, when the latter were administered to healthy volunteers and HIV-positive ART-treated subjects, suggesting that immunodominance hierarchies undermine effective anti-HIV CD8+ T cell responses. Taken together, our data support HIV immunogen design that is based on systematic selection of empirically defined vulnerable regions within the viral proteome, with exclusion of immunodominant decoy epitopes that are irrelevant for HIV control. Attempts to develop an HIV vaccine that elicits potent cell-mediated immunity have so far been unsuccessful. This is due in part to the use of immunogens that appear to recapitulate responses induced naturally by HIV that are, at best, partially effective. We previously showed that the capacity of CD8+ T cells from patients to block HIV replication in culture is strongly correlated with HIV control in vivo, therefore, we investigated the virological determinants of potent CD8+ T cell inhibitory activity. We observed that CD8+ T cells from patients with naturally low plasma viral loads (viremic controllers) were better able to inhibit the replication of diverse HIV strains in vitro than CD8+ T cells from HIV-noncontroller patients. Importantly, we also found that the potency of the antiviral activity in the latter group was strongly correlated with recognition of selected regions across the viral proteome that are critical to viral fitness. Vaccines that encode full-length viral proteins rarely elicited responses to these vulnerable regions. Taken together, our results provide insight into the characteristics of effective cell-mediated immune responses against HIV and how these may inform the design of better immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Hancock
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hongbing Yang
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma Wainwright
- Department of Sexual Health, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Bourne
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alyse Frisbee
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Surgery, Immunology, and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tamika L. Payne
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Surgery, Immunology, and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mark Berrong
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Surgery, Immunology, and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Surgery, Immunology, and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Denis Chopera
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine & Division of Medical Virology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tomas Hanke
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- Irsicaixa AIDS Research Institute—HIVACAT, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- Irsicaixa AIDS Research Institute—HIVACAT, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Andrew McMichael
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nilu Goonetilleke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Georgia D. Tomaras
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Surgery, Immunology, and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nicole Frahm
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lucy Dorrell
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Poles J, Alvarez Y, Hioe CE. Induction of intestinal immunity by mucosal vaccines as a means of controlling HIV infection. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014; 30:1027-40. [PMID: 25354023 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4(+) T cells in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are preferentially targeted and depleted by HIV. As such, the induction of an effective anti-HIV immune response in the mucosa of the GI tract-through vaccination-could protect this vulnerable population of cells. Mucosal vaccination provides a promising means of inducing robust humoral and cellular responses in the GI tract. Here we review data from the literature about the effectiveness of various mucosal vaccination routes--oral (intraintestinal/tonsilar/sublingual), intranasal, and intrarectal--with regard to the induction of immune responses mediated by cytotoxic T cells and antibodies in the GI mucosa, as well as protective efficacy in challenge models. We present data from the literature indicating that mucosal routes have the potential to effectively elicit GI mucosal immunity and protect against challenge. Given their capacity for the induction of anti-HIV immune responses in the GI mucosa, we propose that mucosal routes, including the nonconventional sublingual, tonsilar, and intrarectal routes, be considered for the delivery of the next generation HIV vaccines. However, further studies are necessary to determine the ideal vectors and vaccination regimens for these routes of immunization and to validate their efficacy in controlling HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Poles
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yelina Alvarez
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System–Manhattan Campus and Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Catarina E. Hioe
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System–Manhattan Campus and Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Hope TJ, Betts MR. Commentary on Shapiro: clinical development of candidate HIV vaccines: different problems for different vaccines. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014; 30:330. [PMID: 24620907 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Hope
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael R. Betts
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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