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He KY, Yu HP, Zou J, Chen X, Chen L, Ruan DD, Chen T, Chen Q, Zhang L, Gao MZ, Lin XF, Li H, Fang ZT, Wu J, Luo JW, Liao LS. A novel stoploss mutation CYB5R3 c.906A>G(p.*302Trpext*42) involved in the pathogenesis of hereditary methemoglobinemia. Clin Chim Acta 2025; 564:119930. [PMID: 39154701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Recessive congenital methemoglobinemia (RCM) is a hereditary autosomal disorder with an extremely low incidence rate. Here, we report a case of methemoglobinemia type I in a patient with congenital persistent cyanosis. The condition was attributed to a novel compound heterozygous mutation in CYB5R3, characterized by elevated methemoglobin levels (13.4 % of total hemoglobin) and undetectable NADH cytochrome b5 reductase (CYB5R3) activity. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed two heterozygous mutations in CYB5R3: a previously reported pathogenic missense mutation c.611G>A(p.Cys204Tyr) inherited from the father, and a novel stop codon mutation c.906A>G(p.*302Trpext*42) from the mother, the latter mutation assessed as likely pathogenic according to ACMG guidelines. In cells overexpressing the CYB5R3 c.906A>G mutant construct, the CYB5R3 mRNA level was significantly lower than in cells overexpressing the wild-type (WT) CYB5R3 construct. However, there was no significant difference in protein expression levels between the mutant and WT constructs. Notably, an additional protein band of approximately 55 kDa was detected in the mutant cells. Immunofluorescence localization showed that, compared to wild-type CYB5R3, the subcellular localization of the CYB5R3 p.*302Trpext*42 mutant protein did not show significant changes and remained distributed in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. However, the c.906A>G(p.*302Trpext*42) mutation resulted in increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and decreased NAD+/NADH ratio, suggesting impaired CYB5R3 function and implicating this novel mutation as likely pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ying He
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Hong-Ping Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Dan-Dan Ruan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Ting Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Nephrology Department, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Mei-Zhu Gao
- Nephrology Department, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xin-Fu Lin
- Pediatrics Department, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhu-Ting Fang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Clinical School of Oncology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Jie-Wei Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Li-Sheng Liao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
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Chen J, Hu J, Guo X, Yang Y, Qin D, Tang X, Huang Z, Wang F, Hu D, Peng D, Yu B. Apolipoprotein O modulates cholesterol metabolism via NRF2/CYB5R3 independent of LDL receptor. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:389. [PMID: 38830896 PMCID: PMC11148037 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein O (APOO) plays a critical intracellular role in regulating lipid metabolism. Here, we investigated the roles of APOO in metabolism and atherogenesis in mice. Hepatic APOO expression was increased in response to hyperlipidemia but was inhibited after simvastatin treatment. Using a novel APOO global knockout (Apoo-/-) model, it was found that APOO depletion aggravated diet-induced obesity and elevated plasma cholesterol levels. Upon crossing with low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) knockout hyperlipidemic mouse models, Apoo-/- Apoe-/- and Apoo-/- Ldlr-/- mice exhibited elevated plasma cholesterol levels, with more severe atherosclerotic lesions than littermate controls. This indicated the effects of APOO on cholesterol metabolism independent of LDLR and APOE. Moreover, APOO deficiency reduced cholesterol excretion through bile and feces while decreasing phospholipid unsaturation by inhibiting NRF2 and CYB5R3. Restoration of CYB5R3 expression in vivo by adeno-associated virus (AAV) injection reversed the reduced degree of phospholipid unsaturation while decreasing blood cholesterol levels. This represents the first in vivo experimental validation of the role of APOO in plasma cholesterol metabolism independent of LDLR and elucidates a previously unrecognized cholesterol metabolism pathway involving NRF2/CYB5R3. APOO may be a metabolic regulator of total-body cholesterol homeostasis and a target for atherosclerosis management. Apolipoprotein O (APOO) regulates plasma cholesterol levels and atherosclerosis through a pathway involving CYB5R3 that regulates biliary and fecal cholesterol excretion, independently of the LDL receptor. In addition, down-regulation of APOO may lead to impaired mitochondrial function, which in turn aggravates diet-induced obesity and fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiarui Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Donglu Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fengjiao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Die Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bilian Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Li J, Zhu J, Gray O, Sobreira DR, Wu D, Huang RT, Miao B, Sakabe NJ, Krause MD, Kaikkonen MU, Romanoski CE, Nobrega MA, Fang Y. Mechanosensitive super-enhancers regulate genes linked to atherosclerosis in endothelial cells. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202211125. [PMID: 38231044 PMCID: PMC10794123 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202211125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular homeostasis and pathophysiology are tightly regulated by mechanical forces generated by hemodynamics. Vascular disorders such as atherosclerotic diseases largely occur at curvatures and bifurcations where disturbed blood flow activates endothelial cells while unidirectional flow at the straight part of vessels promotes endothelial health. Integrated analysis of the endothelial transcriptome, the 3D epigenome, and human genetics systematically identified the SNP-enriched cistrome in vascular endothelium subjected to well-defined atherosclerosis-prone disturbed flow or atherosclerosis-protective unidirectional flow. Our results characterized the endothelial typical- and super-enhancers and underscored the critical regulatory role of flow-sensitive endothelial super-enhancers. CRISPR interference and activation validated the function of a previously unrecognized unidirectional flow-induced super-enhancer that upregulates antioxidant genes NQO1, CYB5B, and WWP2, and a disturbed flow-induced super-enhancer in endothelium which drives prothrombotic genes EDN1 and HIVEP in vascular endothelium. Our results employing multiomics identify the cis-regulatory architecture of the flow-sensitive endothelial epigenome related to atherosclerosis and highlight the regulatory role of super-enhancers in mechanotransduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olivia Gray
- Department of Human Genetics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Débora R. Sobreira
- Department of Human Genetics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Wu
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ru-Ting Huang
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bernadette Miao
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Noboru J. Sakabe
- Department of Human Genetics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew D. Krause
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Minna U. Kaikkonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Casey E. Romanoski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Marcelo A. Nobrega
- Department of Human Genetics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yun Fang
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Committee on Molecular Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Im JY, Kim SJ, Park JL, Han TH, Kim WI, Kim I, Ko B, Chun SY, Kang MJ, Kim BK, Jeon SA, Kim SK, Ryu I, Kim SY, Nam KH, Hwang I, Ban HS, Won M. CYB5R3 functions as a tumor suppressor by inducing ER stress-mediated apoptosis in lung cancer cells via the PERK-ATF4 and IRE1α-JNK pathways. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:235-249. [PMID: 38253797 PMCID: PMC10834511 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) is involved in various cellular metabolic processes, including fatty acid synthesis and drug metabolism. However, the role of CYB5R3 in cancer development remains poorly understood. Here, we show that CYB5R3 expression is downregulated in human lung cancer cell lines and tissues. Adenoviral overexpression of CYB5R3 suppresses lung cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. However, CYB5R3 deficiency promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in mouse models. Transcriptome analysis revealed that apoptosis- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes are upregulated in CYB5R3-overexpressing lung cancer cells. Metabolomic analysis revealed that CYB5R3 overexpression increased the production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Ectopic CYB5R3 is mainly localized in the ER, where CYB5R3-dependent ER stress signaling is induced via activation of protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α). Moreover, NAD+ activates poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase16 (PARP16), an ER-resident protein, to promote ADP-ribosylation of PERK and IRE1α and induce ER stress. In addition, CYB5R3 induces the generation of reactive oxygen species and caspase-9-dependent intrinsic cell death. Our findings highlight the importance of CYB5R3 as a tumor suppressor for the development of CYB5R3-based therapeutics for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Im
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital (CNUSH), Sejong, 30099, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyul Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Aging Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hee Han
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Il Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhyub Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomin Ko
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Chun
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Kang
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, OneCureGEN Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol A Jeon
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Aging Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Ryu
- YD Global Life Science Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13207, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource & Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Inah Hwang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Ban
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Won
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- R&D Center, OneCureGEN Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Xie Y, Chen S, Sheng L, Sun Y, Liu S. A New Landscape of Human Dental Aging: Causes, Consequences, and Intervention Avenues. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2022.1224. [PMID: 37163430 PMCID: PMC10389823 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by physical dysfunction and physiologic degeneration that occurs over an individual's lifetime. Human teeth, like many other organs, inevitably undergo chronological aging and age-related changes throughout the lifespan, resulting in a substantial need for preventive, restorative as well as periodontal dental care. This is particularly the case for seniors at 65 years of age and those older but economically disadvantaged. Dental aging not only interferes with normal chewing and digestion, but also affects daily appearance and interpersonal communications. Further dental aging can incur the case of multiple disorders such as oral cancer, encephalitis, and other systemic diseases. In the next decades or even hundreds of years, the proportion of the elderly in the global population will continue to rise, a tendency that attracts increasing attention across multiple scientific and medical disciplines. Dental aging will bring a variety of problems to the elderly themselves and poses serious challenges to the medical profession and social system. A reduced, but functional dentition comprising 20 teeth in occlusion has been proposed as a measurement index of successful dental aging. Healthy dental aging is critical to healthy aging, from both medical and social perspectives. To date, biomedical research on the causes, processes and regulatory mechanisms of dental aging is still in its infancy. In this article, updated insights into typical manifestations, associated pathologies, preventive strategies and molecular changes of dental aging are provided, with future research directions largely projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajia Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Sánchez-Mendoza LM, Pérez-Sánchez C, Rodríguez-López S, López-Pedrera C, Calvo-Rubio M, de Cabo R, Burón MI, González-Reyes JA, Villalba JM. Sex-specific metabolic adaptations in transgenic mice overexpressing cytochrome b 5 reductase-3. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:144-160. [PMID: 37463636 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) activates respiratory metabolism in cellular systems and exerts a prolongevity action in transgenic mice overexpressing this enzyme, mimicking some of the beneficial effects of calorie restriction. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of sex on metabolic adaptations elicited by CYB5R3 overexpression, and how key markers related with mitochondrial function are modulated in skeletal muscle, one of the major contributors to resting energy expenditure. Young CYB5R3 transgenic mice did not exhibit the striking adaptations in carbon metabolism previously detected in older animals. CYB5R3 was efficiently overexpressed and targeted to mitochondria in skeletal muscle from transgenic mice regardless sex. Overexpression significantly elevated NADH in both sexes, although differences were not statistically significant for NAD+, and increased the abundance of cytochrome c and the fission protein DRP-1 in females but not in males. Moreover, while mitochondrial biogenesis and function markers (as TFAM, NRF-1 and cleaved SIRT3) were markedly upregulated by CYB5R3 overexpression in females, a downregulation was observed in males. Ultrastructural changes were also highlighted, with an increase in the number of mitochondria per surface unit, and in the size of intermyofibrillar mitochondria in transgenic females compared with their wild-type controls. Our results support that CYB5R3 overexpression upregulates markers consistent with enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and increases mitochondrial abundance in skeletal muscle, producing most of these potentially beneficial actions in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Marina Sánchez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain; Rheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/ Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Chary López-Pedrera
- Rheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/ Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Miguel Calvo-Rubio
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - María I Burón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - José M Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
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7
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Bueno M, Calyeca J, Khaliullin T, Miller MP, Alvarez D, Rosas L, Brands J, Baker C, Nasser A, Shulkowski S, Mathien A, Uzoukwu N, Sembrat J, Mays BG, Fiedler K, Hahn SA, Salvatore SR, Schopfer FJ, Rojas M, Sandner P, Straub AC, Mora AL. CYB5R3 in type II alveolar epithelial cells protects against lung fibrosis by suppressing TGF-β1 signaling. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e161487. [PMID: 36749633 PMCID: PMC10077481 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.161487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) redox imbalance contributes to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a deadly disease with limited treatment options. Here, we show that expression of membrane-bound cytochrome B5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3), an enzyme critical for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) heme iron redox state, is diminished in IPF AECIIs. Deficiency of CYB5R3 in AECIIs led to sustained activation of the pro-fibrotic factor TGF-β1 and increased susceptibility to lung fibrosis. We further show that CYB5R3 is a critical regulator of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and the sGC/cGMP/protein kinase G axis that modulates activation of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. We demonstrate that sGC agonists (BAY 41-8543 and BAY 54-6544) are effective in reducing the pulmonary fibrotic outcomes of in vivo deficiency of CYB5R3 in AECIIs. Taken together, these results show that CYB5R3 in AECIIs is required to maintain resilience after lung injury and fibrosis and that therapeutic manipulation of the sGC redox state could provide a basis for treating fibrotic conditions in the lung and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bueno
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jazmin Calyeca
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Timur Khaliullin
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Megan P. Miller
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diana Alvarez
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lorena Rosas
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Judith Brands
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christian Baker
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amro Nasser
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephanie Shulkowski
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - August Mathien
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nneoma Uzoukwu
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brenton G. Mays
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kaitlin Fiedler
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott A. Hahn
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Francisco J. Schopfer
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), and
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine (C3M), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter Sandner
- Bayer Pharmaceuticals Wuppertal, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Ana L. Mora
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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8
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Watanabe H, Du W, Son J, Sui L, Asahara SI, Kurland IJ, Kuo T, Kitamoto T, Miyachi Y, de Cabo R, Accili D. Cyb5r3-based mechanism and reversal of secondary failure to sulfonylurea in diabetes. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq4126. [PMID: 36724243 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonylureas (SUs) are effective and affordable antidiabetic drugs. However, chronic use leads to secondary failure, limiting their utilization. Here, we identify cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (Cyb5r3) down-regulation as a mechanism of secondary SU failure and successfully reverse it. Chronic exposure to SU lowered Cyb5r3 abundance and reduced islet glucose utilization in mice in vivo and in ex vivo murine islets. Cyb5r3 β cell-specific knockout mice phenocopied SU failure. Cyb5r3 engaged in a glucose-dependent interaction that stabilizes glucokinase (Gck) to maintain glucose utilization. Hence, Gck activators can circumvent Cyb5r3-dependent SU failure. A Cyb5r3 activator rescued secondary SU failure in mice in vivo and restored insulin secretion in ex vivo human islets. We conclude that Cyb5r3 is a key factor in the secondary failure to SU and a potential target for its prevention, which might rehabilitate SU use in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wen Du
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jinsook Son
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lina Sui
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shun-Ichiro Asahara
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Taiyi Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yasutaka Miyachi
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 20814, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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9
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Taylor S, Murray A, Francis M, Abramova E, Guo C, Laskin DL, Gow AJ. Regulation of macrophage activation by S-Nitrosothiols following ozone-induced lung injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 457:116281. [PMID: 36244437 PMCID: PMC10250783 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Acute exposure to ozone causes oxidative stress, characterized by increases in nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen species in the lung. NO has been shown to modify thiols generating S-nitrosothiols (SNOs); this results in altered protein function. In macrophages this can lead to changes in inflammatory activity which impact the resolution of inflammation. As SNO formation is dependent on the redox state of both the NO donor and the recipient thiol, the local microenvironment plays a key role in its regulation. This dictates not only the chemical feasibility of SNO formation but also mechanisms by which they may form. In these studies, we compared the ability of the SNO donors, ethyl nitrite (ENO), which targets both hydrophobic and hydrophilic thiols, SNO-propanamide (SNOPPM) which targets hydrophobic thiols, and S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine. (SNAC) which targets hydrophilic thiols. to modify macrophage activation following ozone exposure. Mice were treated with air or ozone (0.8 ppm, 3 h) followed 1 h later by intranasal administration of ENO, SNOPPM or SNAC (1-500 μM) or appropriate controls. Mice were euthanized 48 h later. Each of the SNO donors reduced ozone-induced inflammation and modified the phenotype of macrophages both within the lung lining fluid and the tissue. ENO and SNOPPM were more effective than SNAC. These findings suggest that the hydrophobic SNO thiol pool targeted by SNOPPM and ENO plays a major role in regulating macrophage phenotype following ozone induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryse Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Alexa Murray
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Mary Francis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Elena Abramova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Changjiang Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America.
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10
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Hall R, Yuan S, Wood K, Katona M, Straub AC. Cytochrome b5 reductases: Redox regulators of cell homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102654. [PMID: 36441026 PMCID: PMC9706631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytochrome-b5 reductase (CYB5R) family of flavoproteins is known to regulate reduction-oxidation (redox) balance in cells. The five enzyme members are highly compartmentalized at the subcellular level and function as "redox switches" enabling the reduction of several substrates, such as heme and coenzyme Q. Critical insight into the physiological and pathophysiological significance of CYB5R enzymes has been gleaned from several human genetic variants that cause congenital disease and a broad spectrum of chronic human diseases. Among the CYB5R genetic variants, CYB5R3 is well-characterized and deficiency in expression and activity is associated with type II methemoglobinemia, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Importantly, pharmacological and genetic-based strategies are underway to target CYB5R3 to circumvent disease onset and mitigate severity. Despite our knowledge of CYB5R3 in human health and disease, the other reductases in the CYB5R family have been understudied, providing an opportunity to unravel critical function(s) for these enzymes in physiology and disease. In this review, we aim to provide the broad scientific community an up-to-date overview of the molecular, cellular, physiological, and pathophysiological roles of CYB5R proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hall
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine Wood
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mate Katona
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Center for Microvascular Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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11
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Carew NT, Schmidt HM, Yuan S, Galley JC, Hall R, Altmann HM, Hahn SA, Miller MP, Wood KC, Gabris B, Stapleton MC, Hartwick S, Fazzari M, Wu YL, Trebak M, Kaufman BA, McTiernan CF, Schopfer FJ, Navas P, Thibodeau PH, McNamara DM, Salama G, Straub AC. Loss of cardiomyocyte CYB5R3 impairs redox equilibrium and causes sudden cardiac death. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e147120. [PMID: 36106636 PMCID: PMC9479700 DOI: 10.1172/jci147120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure (HF) is allied with an imbalance in reduction and oxidation (redox) signaling in cardiomyocytes; however, the basic pathways and mechanisms governing redox homeostasis in cardiomyocytes are not fully understood. Here, we show that cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3), an enzyme known to regulate redox signaling in erythrocytes and vascular cells, is essential for cardiomyocyte function. Using a conditional cardiomyocyte-specific CYB5R3-knockout mouse, we discovered that deletion of CYB5R3 in male, but not female, adult cardiomyocytes causes cardiac hypertrophy, bradycardia, and SCD. The increase in SCD in CYB5R3-KO mice is associated with calcium mishandling, ventricular fibrillation, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Molecular studies reveal that CYB5R3-KO hearts display decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP), increased oxidative stress, suppressed coenzyme Q levels, and hemoprotein dysregulation. Finally, from a translational perspective, we reveal that the high-frequency missense genetic variant rs1800457, which translates into a CYB5R3 T117S partial loss-of-function protein, associates with decreased event-free survival (~20%) in Black persons with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Together, these studies reveal a crucial role for CYB5R3 in cardiomyocyte redox biology and identify a genetic biomarker for persons of African ancestry that may potentially increase the risk of death from HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan T. Carew
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | - Heidi M. Schmidt
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
| | - Joseph C. Galley
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | - Robert Hall
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | | | | | | | - Katherine C. Wood
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Bethann Gabris
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Margaret C. Stapleton
- Department of Developmental Biology and Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sean Hartwick
- Department of Developmental Biology and Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Yijen L. Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology and Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | - Brett A. Kaufman
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles F. McTiernan
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francisco J. Schopfer
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | - Placido Navas
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Dennis M. McNamara
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Guy Salama
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam C. Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Center for Microvascular Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Chen J, Sun Y, Chen L, Zhou Y. NADH-Cytochrome B5 reductase 2 suppresses retinal vascular dysfunction through regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A in diabetic retinopathy. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109186. [PMID: 35820466 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive vascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is related to retinal vascular abnormalities. NADH-Cytochrome B5 Reductase 2 (CBR2) has been implicated in angiogenesis, but the effect of CBR2 on angiogenesis and endothelial cell biological behavior in DR remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of CBR2 on retinal vascular dysfunction under diabetic conditions. The histological analyses were performed to explore the effect of CBR2 on pathological change in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat retinas. The effect of CBR2 on endothelial cell function was explored by CCK-8, scratch wound, transwell, tube formation, and immunofluorescence assays in high glucose (HG)-stimulated human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). CBR2 expression was significantly downregulated in DM rat retinas and HG-stimulated HRMECs. Intravitreal injection of CBR2-expressing lentivirus under diabetic conditions reduced retinal angiogenesis, acellular capillary formation, and pericyte loss, along with decreased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in vivo. Moreover, CBR2 overexpression inhibited cell growth and tube formation and led to decreased expression of HIF-1α and VEGFA in HG-induced HRMECs. Interestingly, the repressive effects of CBR2 on cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation under HG conditions were strongly reversed when VEGFA was overexpressed. Overall, the key findings of our study suggested that CBR2 might alleviate retinal vascular dysfunction and abnormal endothelial proliferation during the process of DR by regulating VEGFA, providing a piece of potent evidence for DR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yizhou Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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13
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Handa T, Sasaki H, Takao M, Tano M, Uchida Y. Proteomics-based investigation of cerebrovascular molecular mechanisms in cerebral amyloid angiopathy by the FFPE-LMD-PCT-SWATH method. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:56. [PMID: 35778717 PMCID: PMC9250250 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) occurs in 80% of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is mainly caused by the abnormal deposition of Aβ in the walls of cerebral blood vessels. Cerebrovascular molecular mechanisms in CAA were investigated by using comprehensive and accurate quantitative proteomics. Methods Concerning the molecular mechanisms specific to CAA, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections were prepared from patients having AD neuropathologic change (ADNC) with severe cortical Aβ vascular deposition (ADNC +/CAA +), and from patients having ADNC without vascular deposition of Aβ (ADNC +/CAA −; so called, AD). Cerebral cortical vessels were isolated from FFPE sections using laser microdissection (LMD), processed by pressure cycling technology (PCT), and applied to SWATH (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra) proteomics. Results The protein expression levels of 17 proteins in ADNC +/CAA +/H donors (ADNC +/CAA + donors with highly abundant Aβ in capillaries) were significantly different from those in ADNC +/CAA − and ADNC −/CAA − donors. Furthermore, we identified 56 proteins showing more than a 1.5-fold difference in average expression levels between ADNC +/CAA + and ADNC −/CAA − donors, and were significantly correlated with the levels of Aβ or Collagen alpha-2(VI) chain (COL6A2) (CAA markers) in 11 donors (6 ADNC +/CAA + and 5 ADNC −/CAA −). Over 70% of the 56 proteins showed ADNC +/CAA + specific changes in protein expression. The comparative analysis with brain parenchyma showed that more than 90% of the 56 proteins were vascular-specific pathological changes. A literature-based pathway analysis showed that 42 proteins are associated with fibrosis, oxidative stress and apoptosis. This included the increased expression of Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha, CD44 antigen and Carbonic anhydrase 1 which are inhibited by potential drugs against CAA. Conclusions The combination of LMD-based isolation of vessels from FFPE sections, PCT-assisted sample processing and SWATH analysis (FFPE-LMD-PCT-SWATH method) revealed for the first time the changes in the expression of many proteins that are involved in fibrosis, ROS production and cell death in ADNC +/CAA + (CAA patients) vessels. The findings reported herein would be useful for developing a better understanding of the pathology of CAA and for promoting the discovery and development of drugs and biomarkers for CAA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-022-00351-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Handa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hayate Sasaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Takao
- Department of Neurology and Brain Bank, Mihara Memorial Hospital, Isesaki, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tano
- Department of Neurology and Brain Bank, Mihara Memorial Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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14
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Mahgoup EM, Khaleel SA, El-Mahdy MA, Abd-Allah AR, Zweier JL. Role of cytoglobin in cigarette smoke constituent-induced loss of nitric oxide bioavailability in vascular smooth muscle cells. Nitric Oxide 2022; 119:9-18. [PMID: 34875385 PMCID: PMC8752519 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cytoglobin (Cygb) has been identified as the major nitric oxide (NO) metabolizing protein in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and is crucial for the regulation of vascular tone. In the presence of its requisite cytochrome B5a (B5)/B5 reductase-isoform-3 (B5R) reducing system, Cygb controls NO metabolism through the oxygen-dependent process of NO dioxygenation. Tobacco cigarette smoking (TCS) induces vascular dysfunction; however, the role of Cygb in the pathophysiology of TCS-induced cardiovascular disease has not been previously investigated. While TCS impairs NO biosynthesis, its effect on NO metabolism remains unclear. Therefore, we performed studies in aortic VSMCs with tobacco smoke extract (TSE) exposure to investigate the effects of cigarette smoke constituents on the rates of NO decay, with focus on the alterations that occur in the process of Cygb-mediated NO metabolism. TSE greatly enhanced the rates of NO metabolism by VSMCs. An initial increase in superoxide-mediated NO degradation was seen at 4 h of exposure. This was followed by much larger progressive increases at 24 and 48 h, accompanied by parallel increases in the expression of Cygb and B5/B5R. siRNA-mediated Cygb knockdown greatly decreased these TSE-induced elevations in NO decay rates. Therefore, upregulation of the levels of Cygb and its reducing system accounted for the large increase in NO metabolism rate seen after 24 h of TSE exposure. Thus, increased Cygb-mediated NO degradation would contribute to TCS-induced vascular dysfunction and partial inhibition of Cygb expression or its NO dioxygenase function could be a promising therapeutic target to prevent secondary cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed M Mahgoup
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, And the EPR Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Khaleel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, And the EPR Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Mahdy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, And the EPR Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel R Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, And the EPR Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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15
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Three novel mutations in CYB5R3 gene causing NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase enzyme deficiency leads to recessive congenital methaemoglobinemia. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2141-2147. [PMID: 35064402 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methemoglobin is the reduced form of haemoglobin that is normally found in the blood in levels < 1%. Methemoglobinemia can occur as a congenital or acquired disease. Two types of recessive congenital methaemoglobinemia (RCM) are caused by the NADH-dependent cytochrome b5 reductase enzyme deficiency of the CYB5R3 gene. RCM-I is characterized by higher methaemoglobin levels (> 2 g/dL), causing only cyanosis, whereas RCM-II is associated with cyanosis with neurological impairment. METHODS Routine haematological investigations were done by standard method. The methaemoglobin level was evaluated by the potassium ferricyanide assay. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (cytb5r) enzyme activities were measured by standard methods, and molecular analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by DNA sequencing. The interpretation of mutation effect and the molecular modeling were performed by using specific software DEEP VIEW SWISS-PDB VIEWER and Pymol molecular graphics program. RESULTS The present study discovered three novel homozygous pathogenic variants of CYB5R3 causing RCM I and II in four unrelated Indian patients. In patient-1 and patient-2 of RCM type I caused due to novel c.175C>T (p.Arg59Cys) and other reported c.469T>C (p.Phe157Ser) missense pathogenic variants respectively, whereas patient-3 and patient-4 presented with the RCM type II are related to developmental delay with cyanosis since birth due to a novel homozygous (g.25679_25679delA) splice-site deletion and novel homozygous c.824_825insC (p.Pro278ThrfsTer367) single nucleotide insertion. The CYB5R3 transcript levels were estimated by qRT-PCR in the splice-site deletion, which was 0.33fold of normal healthy control. The insertion of nucleotide C resulted in a frameshift of termination codon are associated with neurological impairment. CONCLUSIONS Molecular diagnosis of RCM can help to conduct genetic counselling for novel mutations and, subsequently, prenatal diagnosis of high-risk genetic disorders.
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Prion Protein Phase Separation in Cancer Multidrug Resistance. Molecules 2022; 27:705. [PMID: 35163973 PMCID: PMC8839844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique ability to adapt and thrive in inhospitable, stressful tumor microenvironments (TME) also renders cancer cells resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic treatments and/or novel pharmaceuticals. Cancer cells exhibit extensive metabolic alterations involving hypoxia, accelerated glycolysis, oxidative stress, and increased extracellular ATP that may activate ancient, conserved prion adaptive response strategies that exacerbate multidrug resistance (MDR) by exploiting cellular stress to increase cancer metastatic potential and stemness, balance proliferation and differentiation, and amplify resistance to apoptosis. The regulation of prions in MDR is further complicated by important, putative physiological functions of ligand-binding and signal transduction. Melatonin is capable of both enhancing physiological functions and inhibiting oncogenic properties of prion proteins. Through regulation of phase separation of the prion N-terminal domain which targets and interacts with lipid rafts, melatonin may prevent conformational changes that can result in aggregation and/or conversion to pathological, infectious isoforms. As a cancer therapy adjuvant, melatonin could modulate TME oxidative stress levels and hypoxia, reverse pH gradient changes, reduce lipid peroxidation, and protect lipid raft compositions to suppress prion-mediated, non-Mendelian, heritable, but often reversible epigenetic adaptations that facilitate cancer heterogeneity, stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review examines some of the mechanisms that may balance physiological and pathological effects of prions and prion-like proteins achieved through the synergistic use of melatonin to ameliorate MDR, which remains a challenge in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Yuan S, Hahn SA, Miller MP, Sanker S, Calderon MJ, Sullivan M, Dosunmu-Ogunbi AM, Fazzari M, Li Y, Reynolds M, Wood KC, St Croix CM, Stolz D, Cifuentes-Pagano E, Navas P, Shiva S, Schopfer FJ, Pagano PJ, Straub AC. Cooperation between CYB5R3 and NOX4 via coenzyme Q mitigates endothelial inflammation. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102166. [PMID: 34656824 PMCID: PMC8577475 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) regulates endothelial inflammation by producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to a lesser extent O2•-. The ratio of NOX4-derived H2O2 and O2•- can be altered by coenzyme Q (CoQ) mimics. Therefore, we hypothesize that cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3), a CoQ reductase abundant in vascular endothelial cells, regulates inflammatory activation. To examine endothelial CYB5R3 in vivo, we created tamoxifen-inducible endothelium-specific Cyb5r3 knockout mice (R3 KO). Radiotelemetry measurements of systolic blood pressure showed systemic hypotension in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) challenged mice, which was exacerbated in R3 KO mice. Meanwhile, LPS treatment caused greater endothelial dysfunction in R3 KO mice, evaluated by acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in the isolated aorta, accompanied by elevated mRNA expression of vascular adhesion molecule 1 (Vcam-1). Similarly, in cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC), LPS and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced VCAM-1 protein expression was enhanced by Cyb5r3 siRNA, which was ablated by silencing the Nox4 gene simultaneously. Moreover, super-resolution confocal microscopy indicated mitochondrial co-localization of CYB5R3 and NOX4 in HAECs. APEX2-based electron microscopy and proximity biotinylation also demonstrated CYB5R3's localization on the mitochondrial outer membrane and its interaction with NOX4, which was further confirmed by the proximity ligation assay. Notably, Cyb5r3 knockdown HAECs showed less total H2O2 but more mitochondrial O2•-. Using inactive or non-membrane bound active CYB5R3, we found that CYB5R3 activity and membrane translocation are needed for optimal generation of H2O2 by NOX4. Lastly, cells lacking the CoQ synthesizing enzyme COQ6 showed decreased NOX4-derived H2O2, indicating a requirement for endogenous CoQ in NOX4 activity. In conclusion, CYB5R3 mitigates endothelial inflammatory activation by assisting in NOX4-dependent H2O2 generation via CoQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Scott A Hahn
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Megan P Miller
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Subramaniam Sanker
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Calderon
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mara Sullivan
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Atinuke M Dosunmu-Ogunbi
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marco Fazzari
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yao Li
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Reynolds
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine C Wood
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Donna Stolz
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, Sevilla, Spain, Spain
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Microvascular Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Biomolecular Condensates in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1483. [PMID: 34573116 PMCID: PMC8465482 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are membraneless organelles (MLOs) that form dynamic, chemically distinct subcellular compartments organizing macromolecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA in unicellular prokaryotic bacteria and complex eukaryotic cells. Separated from surrounding environments, MLOs in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm, and mitochondria assemble by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) into transient, non-static, liquid-like droplets that regulate essential molecular functions. LLPS is primarily controlled by post-translational modifications (PTMs) that fine-tune the balance between attractive and repulsive charge states and/or binding motifs of proteins. Aberrant phase separation due to dysregulated membrane lipid rafts and/or PTMs, as well as the absence of adequate hydrotropic small molecules such as ATP, or the presence of specific RNA proteins can cause pathological protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders. Melatonin may exert a dominant influence over phase separation in biomolecular condensates by optimizing membrane and MLO interdependent reactions through stabilizing lipid raft domains, reducing line tension, and maintaining negative membrane curvature and fluidity. As a potent antioxidant, melatonin protects cardiolipin and other membrane lipids from peroxidation cascades, supporting protein trafficking, signaling, ion channel activities, and ATPase functionality during condensate coacervation or dissolution. Melatonin may even control condensate LLPS through PTM and balance mRNA- and RNA-binding protein composition by regulating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications. There is currently a lack of pharmaceuticals targeting neurodegenerative disorders via the regulation of phase separation. The potential of melatonin in the modulation of biomolecular condensate in the attenuation of aberrant condensate aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Zhai C, Djimsa BA, Prenni JE, Woerner DR, Belk KE, Nair MN. Tandem mass tag labeling to characterize muscle-specific proteome changes in beef during early postmortem period. J Proteomics 2020; 222:103794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Liang H, Li W, Yang H, Cao Y, Ge L, Shi R, Fan Z, Dong R, Zhang C. FAM96B inhibits the senescence of dental pulp stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1193-1203. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Liang
- Department of EndodonticsCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of EndodonticsCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Ruitang Shi
- Department of EndodonticsCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Rui Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of EndodonticsCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing 100050 China
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21
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Rodríguez-López S, López-Bellón S, González-Reyes JA, Burón MI, de Cabo R, Villalba JM. Mitochondrial adaptations in liver and skeletal muscle to pro-longevity nutritional and genetic interventions: the crosstalk between calorie restriction and CYB5R3 overexpression in transgenic mice. GeroScience 2020; 42:977-994. [PMID: 32323139 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction without malnutrition (CR) is considered as the most effective nongenetic nor pharmacological intervention that promotes healthy aging phenotypes and can extend lifespan in most model organisms. Lifelong CR leads to an increase of cytochrome b5 reductase-3 (CYB5R3) expression and activity. Overexpression of CYB5R3 confers some of the salutary effects of CR, although the mechanisms involved might be independent because key aspects of energy metabolism and lipid profiles of tissues go in opposite ways. It is thus important to study if some of the metabolic adaptations induced by CR are affected by CYB5R3 overexpression. CYB5R3 overexpression greatly preserved body and liver weight in mice under CR conditions. In liver, CR did not modify mitochondrial abundance, but lead to increased expression of mitofusin Mfn2 and TFAM, a transcription factor involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. These changes were prevented by CYB5R3 overexpression but resulted in a decreased expression of a different mitochondrial biogenesis-related transcription factor, Nrf1. In skeletal muscle, CR strongly increased mitochondrial mass, mitofusin Mfn1, and Nrf1. However, CYB5R3 mice on CR did not show increase in muscle mitochondrial mass, regardless of a clear increase in expression of TFAM and mitochondrial complexes in this tissue. Our results support that CYB5R3 overexpression significantly modifies the metabolic adaptations of mice to CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sara López-Bellón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Isabel Burón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - José M Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
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22
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Fan J, Du W, Kim-Muller JY, Son J, Kuo T, Larrea D, Garcia C, Kitamoto T, Kraakman MJ, Owusu-Ansah E, Cirulli V, Accili D. Cyb5r3 links FoxO1-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction with β-cell failure. Mol Metab 2020; 34:97-111. [PMID: 32180563 PMCID: PMC7031142 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is characterized by pancreatic β-cell dedifferentiation. Dedifferentiating β cells inappropriately metabolize lipids over carbohydrates and exhibit impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. However, the mechanism linking the β-cell's response to an adverse metabolic environment with impaired mitochondrial function remains unclear. METHODS Here we report that the oxidoreductase cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (Cyb5r3) links FoxO1 signaling to β-cell stimulus/secretion coupling by regulating mitochondrial function, reactive oxygen species generation, and nicotinamide actin dysfunction (NAD)/reduced nicotinamide actin dysfunction (NADH) ratios. RESULTS The expression of Cyb5r3 is decreased in FoxO1-deficient β cells. Mice with β-cell-specific deletion of Cyb5r3 have impaired insulin secretion, resulting in glucose intolerance and diet-induced hyperglycemia. Cyb5r3-deficient β cells have a blunted respiratory response to glucose and display extensive mitochondrial and secretory granule abnormalities, consistent with altered differentiation. Moreover, FoxO1 is unable to maintain expression of key differentiation markers in Cyb5r3-deficient β cells, suggesting that Cyb5r3 is required for FoxO1-dependent lineage stability. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight a pathway linking FoxO1 to mitochondrial dysfunction that can mediate β-cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Fan
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wen Du
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ja Young Kim-Muller
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jinsook Son
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Taiyi Kuo
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Delfina Larrea
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christian Garcia
- Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael J Kraakman
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Edward Owusu-Ansah
- Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cirulli
- Department of Medicine, UW-Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Vitamin C versus Cancer: Ascorbic Acid Radical and Impairment of Mitochondrial Respiration? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1504048. [PMID: 32411317 PMCID: PMC7201545 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1504048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C as a cancer therapy has a controversial history. Much of the controversy arises from the lack of predictive biomarkers for stratification of patients, as well as a clear understanding of the mechanism of action and its multiple targets underlying the anticancer effect. Our review expands the analysis of cancer vulnerabilities for high-dose vitamin C, based on several facts, illustrating the cytotoxic potential of the ascorbyl free radical (AFR) via impairment of mitochondrial respiration and the mechanisms of its elimination in mammals by the membrane-bound NADH:cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase 3 (Cyb5R3). This enzyme catalyzes rapid conversion of AFR to ascorbate, as well as reduction of other redox-active compounds, using NADH as an electron donor. We propose that vitamin C can function in “protective mode” or “destructive mode” affecting cellular homeostasis, depending on the intracellular “steady-state” concentration of AFR and differential expression/activity of Cyb5R3 in cancerous and normal cells. Thus, a specific anticancer effect can be achieved at high doses of vitamin C therapy. The review is intended for a wide audience of readers—from students to specialists in the field.
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New potential biomarker for stratification of patients for pharmacological vitamin C in adjuvant settings of cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101357. [PMID: 31678721 PMCID: PMC6920102 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our graphical review expands the analysis of cancer vulnerabilities for high dose vitamin C, based on several facts, illustrating the cytotoxic potential of the ascorbate free radical (AFR) via impairment of mitochondrial respiration and the mechanisms of its elimination in mammals by the membrane-bound NADH:cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase 3 (Cyb5R3). We propose that vitamin C can function in “protective mode” or “destructive mode” affecting cellular homeostasis, depending on the intracellular “steady-state” concentration of AFR and differential expression/activity of Cyb5R3 in cancerous and normal cells. Thus, a specific anti-cancer effect can be achieved at high doses of vitamin C therapy. The review is intended for a wide audience of readers – from students to specialists in the field. The ascorbate radical could impair mitochondrial respiration via cytochrome c reduction. The ascorbate radical could mediate the imbalance of the coenzyme Q “pool” in cancer cells. The selective cytotoxicity of vitamin C in cancer could be mediated by Cyb5R3/VDAC1. Low/normal doses of vitamin C act in a “protective mode” for normal/cancer cells. High doses of vitamin C act in a “destructive mode” for cancer cells only.
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25
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Durgin BG, Hahn SA, Schmidt HM, Miller MP, Hafeez N, Mathar I, Freitag D, Sandner P, Straub AC. Loss of smooth muscle CYB5R3 amplifies angiotensin II-induced hypertension by increasing sGC heme oxidation. JCI Insight 2019; 4:129183. [PMID: 31487266 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide regulates BP by binding the reduced heme iron (Fe2+) in soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and relaxing vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We previously showed that sGC heme iron reduction (Fe3+ → Fe2+) is modulated by cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3). However, the in vivo role of SMC CYB5R3 in BP regulation remains elusive. Here, we generated conditional smooth muscle cell-specific Cyb5r3 KO mice (SMC CYB5R3-KO) to test if SMC CYB5R3 loss affects systemic BP in normotension and hypertension via regulation of the sGC redox state. SMC CYB5R3-KO mice exhibited a 5.84-mmHg increase in BP and impaired acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in mesenteric arteries compared with controls. To drive sGC oxidation and elevate BP, we infused mice with angiotensin II. We found that SMC CYB5R3-KO mice exhibited a 14.75-mmHg BP increase, and mesenteric arteries had diminished nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation but increased responsiveness to sGC heme-independent activator BAY 58-2667 over controls. Furthermore, acute injection of BAY 58-2667 in angiotensin II-treated SMC CYB5R3-KO mice showed greater BP reduction compared with controls. Together, these data provide the first in vivo evidence to our knowledge that SMC CYB5R3 is an sGC heme reductase in resistance arteries and provides resilience against systemic hypertension development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott A Hahn
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, and
| | - Heidi M Schmidt
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, and.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Neha Hafeez
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, and
| | | | | | - Peter Sandner
- Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adam C Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, and.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Tsai YF, Chen YR, Chen JP, Tang Y, Yang KC. Effect of hesperidin on anti-inflammation and cellular antioxidant capacity in hydrogen peroxide-stimulated human articular chondrocytes. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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27
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Lindholm EM, Leivonen SK, Undlien E, Nebdal D, Git A, Caldas C, Børresen-Dale AL, Kleivi K. miR-342-5p as a Potential Regulator of HER2 Breast Cancer Cell Growth. Microrna 2019; 8:155-165. [PMID: 30520388 DOI: 10.2174/2211536608666181206124922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 positive Breast Cancers (BC) have aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Previously, we have identified miR-342-5p as an upstream regulator of HER2 signaling, as well as inhibitor of HER2 positive BC cell line growth. OBJECTIVE Here, we aimed to further investigate the molecular mechanisms behind miR-342-5pinduced HER2 pathway deregulation. METHOD Two HER2 amplified breast cancer cell lines were transiently transfected with miR-342-5p mimic or negative control, and gene expression was analyzed by Agilent microarrays. Three clinical datasets with BC patients were used to identify correlations between candidate genes and miR-342- 5p, and associations with survival. RESULTS Pathway analyses of all deregulated genes revealed a significant suppression of the HER2 downstream pathways ERK/MAPK and SAPK/JNK, whereas the miR-342-5p predicted target genes were enriched for pathways associated with cell motility.Biological functions linked to mitochondrial stability were ranked among the top toxicological functions in both gene lists. Among the most deregulated genes, Cytochrome B5 Reductase 3 (CYB5R3) and Rap Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 6 (RAPGEF6) significantly anticorrelated and correlated, respectively, with miR-342-5p in all three clinical BC datasets. Low CYB5R3 levels and high RAPGEF6 levels were significantly associated with survival, although this was not directly associated with HER2 expression. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that miR-342-5p overexpression in HER2 positive BC cell lines elicits broad effects on HER2 downstream signaling, cell motility and mitochondrial stability. Together these effects may render cells less proliferative and more sensitive to cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evita Maria Lindholm
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Suvi-Katri Leivonen
- Research Program Unit, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eldri Undlien
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Nebdal
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Git
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine Kleivi
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
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28
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Recessive Hereditary Methaemoglobinaemia Type II. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100341. [PMID: 30309019 PMCID: PMC6210646 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) is a membrane-bound NADH-dependent redox enzyme anchored to the mitochondrial outer membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane. Recessive hereditary methaemoglobinaemia (RHM) type II is caused by CYB5R3 deficiency and is an incurable disease characterized by severe encephalopathy with mental retardation, microcephaly, generalized dystonia, and movement disorders. Currently, the etiology of type II RHM is poorly understood and there is no treatment for encephalopathy associated with this disease. Defective CYB5R3 leads to defects in the elongation and desaturation of fatty acids and cholesterol biosynthesis, which are conventionally linked with neurological disorders of type II RHM. Nevertheless, this abnormal lipid metabolism cannot explain all manifestations observed in patients. Current molecular and cellular studies indicate that CYB5R3 deficiency has pleiotropic tissue effects. Its localization in lipid rafts of neurons indicates its role in interneuronal contacts and its presence in caveolae of the vascular endothelial membrane suggests a role in the modulation of nitric oxide diffusion. Its role in aerobic metabolism and oxidative stress in fibroblasts, neurons, and cardiomyocytes has been reported to be due to its ability to modulate the intracellular ratio of NAD⁺/NADH. Based on the new molecular and cellular functions discovered for CYB5R3 linked to the plasma membrane and mitochondria, the conventional conception that the cause of type II RHM is a lipid metabolism disorder should be revised. We hypothesized that neurological symptoms of the disease could be caused by disorders in the synapse, aerobic metabolism, and/or vascular homeostasis rather than in disturbances of lipid metabolism.
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Navas-Enamorado I, Bernier M, Brea-Calvo G, de Cabo R. Influence of anaerobic and aerobic exercise on age-related pathways in skeletal muscle. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 37:39-52. [PMID: 28487241 PMCID: PMC5549001 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Navas-Enamorado
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Gloria Brea-Calvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Kollipara L, Buchkremer S, Coraspe JAG, Hathazi D, Senderek J, Weis J, Zahedi RP, Roos A. In-depth phenotyping of lymphoblastoid cells suggests selective cellular vulnerability in Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68493-68516. [PMID: 28978133 PMCID: PMC5620273 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SIL1 is a ubiquitous protein of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) acting as a co-chaperone for the ER-resident chaperone, BiP. Recessive mutations of the corresponding gene lead to vulnerability of skeletal muscle and central nervous system in man (Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome; MSS) and mouse. However, it is still unclear how loss of ubiquitous SIL1 leads to selective vulnerability of the nervous system and skeletal muscle whereas other cells and organs are protected from clinical manifestations. In this study we aimed to disentangle proteins participating in selective vulnerability of SIL1-deficient cells and tissues: morphological examination of MSS patient-derived lymphoblastoid cells revealed altered organelle structures (ER, nucleus and mitochondria) thus showing subclinical vulnerability. To correlate structural perturbations with biochemical changes and to identify proteins potentially preventing phenotypical manifestation, proteomic studies have been carried out. Results of proteomic profiling are in line with the morphological findings and show affection of nuclear, mitochondrial and cytoskeletal proteins as well as of such responsible for cellular viability. Moreover, expression patterns of proteins known to be involved in neuromuscular disorders or in development and function of the nervous system were altered. Paradigmatic findings were confirmed by immunohistochemistry of splenic lymphocytes and the cerebellum of SIL1-deficient mice. Ataxin-10, identified with increased abundance in our proteome profile, is necessary for the neuronal survival but also controls muscle fiber apoptosis, thus declaring this protein as a plausible candidate for selective tissue vulnerability. Our combined results provide first insights into the molecular causes of selective cell and tissue vulnerability defining the MSS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmikanth Kollipara
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS -e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephan Buchkremer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, 5274 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Denisa Hathazi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS -e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, 5274 Aachen, Germany
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS -e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS -e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, 5274 Aachen, Germany.,The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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Rahaman MM, Nguyen AT, Miller MP, Hahn SA, Sparacino-Watkins C, Jobbagy S, Carew NT, Cantu-Medellin N, Wood KC, Baty CJ, Schopfer FJ, Kelley EE, Gladwin MT, Martin E, Straub AC. Cytochrome b5 Reductase 3 Modulates Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Redox State and cGMP Signaling. Circ Res 2017; 121:137-148. [PMID: 28584062 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) heme iron, in its oxidized state (Fe3+), is desensitized to NO and limits cGMP production needed for downstream activation of protein kinase G-dependent signaling and blood vessel dilation. OBJECTIVE Although reactive oxygen species are known to oxidize the sGC heme iron, the basic mechanism(s) governing sGC heme iron recycling to its NO-sensitive, reduced state remain poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Oxidant challenge studies show that vascular smooth muscle cells have an intrinsic ability to reduce oxidized sGC heme iron and form protein-protein complexes between cytochrome b5 reductase 3, also known as methemoglobin reductase, and oxidized sGC. Genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibition in vascular smooth muscle cells reveal that cytochrome b5 reductase 3 expression and activity is critical for NO-stimulated cGMP production and vasodilation. Mechanistically, we show that cytochrome b5 reductase 3 directly reduces oxidized sGC required for NO sensitization as assessed by biochemical, cellular, and ex vivo assays. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings identify new insights into NO-sGC-cGMP signaling and reveal cytochrome b5 reductase 3 as the first identified physiological sGC heme iron reductase in vascular smooth muscle cells, serving as a critical regulator of cGMP production and protein kinase G-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizanur M Rahaman
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Megan P Miller
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Scott A Hahn
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Courtney Sparacino-Watkins
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Soma Jobbagy
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Nolan T Carew
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Nadiezhda Cantu-Medellin
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Katherine C Wood
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Catherine J Baty
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Eric E Kelley
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Emil Martin
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.)
| | - Adam C Straub
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute (M.M.R., A.T.N., M.P.M., S.A.H., C.S.-W., N.T.C., N.C.-M., K.C.W., M.T.G., A.C.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (C.S.-W., M.T.G.), Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (S.J., C.J.B., F.J.S., A.C.S.), and Division of Renal-Electrolyte (C.J.B.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown (E.E.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School (E.M.).
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Gam LTH, Jensen FB, Damsgaard C, Huong DTT, Phuong NT, Bayley M. Extreme nitrite tolerance in the clown knifefish Chitala ornata is linked to up-regulation of methaemoglobin reductase activity. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 187:9-17. [PMID: 28351760 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The clown knifefish is a facultative air breather, which is widely farmed in freshwater ponds in Vietnam. Here we report a very high nitrite tolerance (96h LC50 of 7.82mM) in this species and examine the effects of 1mM (LC5) and 2.5mM (LC10) ambient nitrite on haemoglobin (Hb) derivatives, electrolyte levels, acid-base status, and total body water content during 7days of exposure. Furthermore, we tested the hypothesis that erythrocyte methaemoglobin (metHb) reductase activity is upregulated by nitrite exposure. Plasma nitrite levels increased for 2-3days but stayed below environmental levels and fell towards control values during the last half of the exposure period. Plasma nitrate, in contrast, rose continuously, reflecting detoxification of nitrite to nitrate. MetHb generated from the reaction between nitrite and erythrocyte Hb reached 38% at day 2, but then decreased to 17% by the end of experiment. The first order rate constant for metHb reduction by erythrocyte metHb reductase increased from 0.01 in controls to 0.046min-1 after 6days of nitrite exposure, showing up-regulation of this enzyme. While such upregulation has been suggested in nitrite-exposed fish species, this study provides the first experimental evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Hong Gam
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho Uiniversity, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Frank Bo Jensen
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Do Thi Thanh Huong
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho Uiniversity, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Phuong
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho Uiniversity, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Mark Bayley
- Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a3 defines a subset of failing pancreatic β cells in diabetic mice. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12631. [PMID: 27572106 PMCID: PMC5013715 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-producing β cells become dedifferentiated during diabetes progression. An impaired ability to select substrates for oxidative phosphorylation, or metabolic inflexibility, initiates progression from β-cell dysfunction to β-cell dedifferentiation. The identification of pathways involved in dedifferentiation may provide clues to its reversal. Here we isolate and functionally characterize failing β cells from various experimental models of diabetes and report a striking enrichment in the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 isoform A3 (ALDH(+)) as β cells become dedifferentiated. Flow-sorted ALDH(+) islet cells demonstrate impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion, are depleted of Foxo1 and MafA, and include a Neurogenin3-positive subset. RNA sequencing analysis demonstrates that ALDH(+) cells are characterized by: (i) impaired oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial complex I, IV and V; (ii) activated RICTOR; and (iii) progenitor cell markers. We propose that impaired mitochondrial function marks the progression from metabolic inflexibility to dedifferentiation in the natural history of β-cell failure.
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Martin-Montalvo A, Sun Y, Diaz-Ruiz A, Ali A, Gutierrez V, Palacios HH, Curtis J, Siendones E, Ariza J, Abulwerdi GA, Sun X, Wang AX, Pearson KJ, Fishbein KW, Spencer RG, Wang M, Han X, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Baur JA, Shertzer HG, Navas P, Villalba JM, Zou S, Bernier M, de Cabo R. Cytochrome b5 reductase and the control of lipid metabolism and healthspan. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2016; 2:16006. [PMID: 28721264 PMCID: PMC5515006 DOI: 10.1038/npjamd.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome b5 reductases (CYB5R) are required for the elongation and desaturation of fatty acids, cholesterol synthesis and mono-oxygenation of cytochrome P450 enzymes, all of which are associated with protection against metabolic disorders. However, the physiological role of CYB5R in the context of metabolism, healthspan and aging remains ill-defined. We generated CYB5R-overexpressing flies (CYB5R-OE) and created a transgenic mouse line overexpressing CYB5R3 (CYB5R3-Tg) in the C57BL/6J background to investigate the function of this class of enzymes as regulators of metabolism and age-associated pathologies. Gender- and/or stage-specific induction of CYB5R, and pharmacological activation of CYB5R with tetrahydroindenoindole extended fly lifespan. Increased expression of CYB5R3 was associated with significant improvements in several metabolic parameters that resulted in modest lifespan extension in mice. Diethylnitrosamine-induced liver carcinogenesis was reduced in CYB5R3-Tg mice. Accumulation of high levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, improvement in mitochondrial function, decrease in oxidative damage and inhibition of chronic pro-inflammatory pathways occurred in the transgenic animals. These results indicate that CYB5R represents a new target in the study of genes that regulate lipid metabolism and healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Martin-Montalvo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yaning Sun
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Gutierrez
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hector H Palacios
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Curtis
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emilio Siendones
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julia Ariza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gelareh A Abulwerdi
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annie X Wang
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin J Pearson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kenneth W Fishbein
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard G Spencer
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miao Wang
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joe A Baur
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Howard G Shertzer
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sige Zou
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hyun DH, Lee GH. Cytochrome b5 reductase, a plasma membrane redox enzyme, protects neuronal cells against metabolic and oxidative stress through maintaining redox state and bioenergetics. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:122. [PMID: 26611738 PMCID: PMC5005863 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9859-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) containing NADH-dependent reductases is known to be involved in the maintenance of redox state and bioenergetics. Neuronal cells are very vulnerable to oxidative stress and altered energy metabolism linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the role of the PMRS in these pathways is far from clear. In this study, in order to investigate how cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R), one of the PM redox enzymes, regulates cellular response under stressed conditions, human neuroblastoma cells transfected with b5R were used for viability and mitochondrial functional assays. Cells transfected with b5R exhibited significantly higher levels of the NAD(+)/NADH ratio, consistent with increased levels of b5R activity. Overexpression of b5R made cells more resistant to H2O2 (oxidative stress), 2-deoxyglucose (metabolic stress), rotenone and antimycin A (energetic stress), and lactacystin (proteotoxic stress), but did not protect cells against H2O2 and serum withdrawal. Overexpression of b5R induced higher mitochondrial functions such as ATP production rate, oxygen consumption rate, and activities of complexes I and II, without formation of further reactive oxygen species, consistent with lower levels of oxidative/nitrative damage and resistance to apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, higher NAD(+)/NADH ratio and consequent more efficient mitochondrial functions are induced by the PMRS, enabling them to maintain redox state and energy metabolism under conditions of some energetic stresses. This suggests that b5R can be a target for therapeutic intervention for aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hoon Hyun
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea.
| | - Ga-Hyun Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
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Lund RR, Leth-Larsen R, Caterino TD, Terp MG, Nissen J, Lænkholm AV, Jensen ON, Ditzel HJ. NADH-Cytochrome b5 Reductase 3 Promotes Colonization and Metastasis Formation and Is a Prognostic Marker of Disease-Free and Overall Survival in Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2988-99. [PMID: 26351264 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.050385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths and remains the most significant challenge to management of the disease. Metastases are established through a complex multistep process involving intracellular signaling pathways. To gain insight to proteins central to specific steps in metastasis formation, we used a metastasis cell line model that allows investigation of extravasation and colonization of circulating cancer cells to lungs in mice. Using stable isotopic labeling by amino acids in cell culture and subcellular fractionation, the nuclear, cytosol, and mitochondria proteomes were analyzed by LC-MS/MS, identifying a number of proteins that exhibited altered expression in isogenic metastatic versus nonmetastatic cancer cell lines, including NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3), l-lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), Niemann-pick c1 protein (NPC1), and nucleolar RNA helicase 2 (NRH2). The altered expression levels were validated at the protein and transcriptional levels, and analysis of breast cancer biopsies from two cohorts of patients demonstrated a significant correlation between high CYB5R3 expression and poor disease-free and overall survival in patients with estrogen receptor-negative tumors (DFS: p = .02, OS: p = .04). CYB5R3 gene knock-down using siRNA in metastasizing cells led to significantly decreased tumor burden in lungs when injected intravenously in immunodeficient mice. The cellular effects of CYB5R3 knock-down showed signaling alterations associated with extravasation, TGFβ and HIFα pathways, and apoptosis. The decreased apoptosis of CYB5R3 knock-down metastatic cancer cell lines was confirmed in functional assays. Our study reveals a central role of CYB5R3 in extravasation/colonization of cancer cells and demonstrates the ability of our quantitative, comparative proteomic approach to identify key proteins of specific important biological processes that may also prove useful as potential biomarkers of clinical relevance. MS data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001391.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke R Lund
- From the ‡Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25.3, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Rikke Leth-Larsen
- From the ‡Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25.3, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Tina Di Caterino
- §Clinic of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Sydvestjysk Hospital, Finsensgade 35, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Mikkel G Terp
- From the ‡Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25.3, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jeanette Nissen
- From the ‡Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25.3, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm
- ¶Department of Pathology, Slagelse Hospital, Ingemannsvej 18, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Ole N Jensen
- ‖Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- From the ‡Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25.3, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.; **Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Søndre Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
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37
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Rahaman MM, Reinders FG, Koes D, Nguyen AT, Mutchler SM, Sparacino-Watkins C, Alvarez RA, Miller MP, Cheng D, Chen BB, Jackson EK, Camacho CJ, Straub AC. Structure Guided Chemical Modifications of Propylthiouracil Reveal Novel Small Molecule Inhibitors of Cytochrome b5 Reductase 3 That Increase Nitric Oxide Bioavailability. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16861-72. [PMID: 26001785 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.629964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NADH cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) is critical for reductive reactions such as fatty acid elongation, cholesterol biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and methemoglobin reduction. Although the physiological and metabolic importance of CYB5R3 has been established in hepatocytes and erythrocytes, emerging investigations suggest that CYB5R3 is critical for nitric oxide signaling and vascular function. However, advancement toward fully understanding CYB5R3 function has been limited due to a lack of potent small molecule inhibitors. Because of this restriction, we modeled the binding mode of propylthiouracil, a weak inhibitor of CYB5R3 (IC50 = ∼275 μM), and used it as a guide to predict thiouracil-biased inhibitors from the set of commercially available compounds in the ZINC database. Using this approach, we validated two new potent derivatives of propylthiouracil, ZINC05626394 (IC50 = 10.81 μM) and ZINC39395747 (IC50 = 9.14 μM), both of which inhibit CYB5R3 activity in cultured cells. Moreover, we found that ZINC39395747 significantly increased NO bioavailability in renal vascular cells, augmented renal blood flow, and decreased systemic blood pressure in response to vasoconstrictors in spontaneously hypertensive rats. These compounds will serve as a new tool to examine the biological functions of CYB5R3 in physiology and disease and also as a platform for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Koes
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
| | - Stephanie M Mutchler
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and
| | | | - Roger A Alvarez
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Megan P Miller
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
| | - Dongmei Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and
| | - Bill B Chen
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | | | | | - Adam C Straub
- From the Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and
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