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Akyüz K, Goisauf M, Martin GM, Mayrhofer MT, Antoniou S, Charalambidou G, Deltas C, Malatras A, Papagregoriou G, Stefanou C, Voutounou M. Risk mapping for better governance in biobanking: the case of biobank.cy. Front Genet 2024; 15:1397156. [PMID: 38948356 PMCID: PMC11211562 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1397156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Risk governance is central for the successful and ethical operation of biobanks and the continued social license for being custodians of samples and data. Risks in biobanking are often framed as risks for participants, whereas the biobank's risks are often considered as technical ones. Risk governance relies on identifying, assessing, mitigating and communicating all risks based on technical and standardized procedures. However, within such processes, biobank staff are often involved tangentially. In this study, the aim has been to conduct a risk mapping exercise bringing biobank staff as key actors into the process, making better sense of emerging structure of biobanks. Methods: Based on the qualitative research method of situational analysis as well as the card-based discussion and stakeholder engagement processes, risk mapping was conducted at the biobank setting as an interactive engagement exercise. The analyzed material comprises mainly of moderated group discussions. Results: The findings from the risk mapping activity are framed through an organismic metaphor: the biobank as a growing, living organism in a changing environment, where trust and sustainability are cross-cutting elements in making sense of the risks. Focusing on the situatedness of the dynamics within biobanking activity highlights the importance of prioritizing relations at the core of risk governance and promoting ethicality in the biobanking process by expanding the repertoire of considered risks. Conclusion: With the organismic metaphor, the research brings the diverse group of biobank staff to the central stage for risk governance, highlighting how accounting for such diversity and interdependencies at the biobank setting is a prerequisite for an adaptive risk governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaya Akyüz
- Department of ELSI Services and Research, BBMRI-ERIC, Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Goisauf
- Department of ELSI Services and Research, BBMRI-ERIC, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Stella Antoniou
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Georgia Charalambidou
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Constantinos Deltas
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
- University of Cyprus Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Apostolos Malatras
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Gregory Papagregoriou
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Charalambos Stefanou
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mariel Voutounou
- Biobank.cy Center of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Hasner MC, van Opijnen MP, de Vos FYF, Cuppen E, Broekman MLD. Whole genome sequencing in (recurrent) glioblastoma: challenges related to informed consent procedures and data sharing. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:266. [PMID: 38874628 PMCID: PMC11178618 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Increased use of whole genome sequencing (WGS) in neuro-oncology for diagnostics and research purposes necessitates a renewed conversation about informed consent procedures and governance structures for sharing personal health data. There is currently no consensus on how to obtain informed consent for WGS in this population. In this narrative review, we analyze the formats and contents of frameworks suggested in literature for WGS in oncology and assess their benefits and limitations. We discuss applicability, specific challenges, and legal context for patients with (recurrent) glioblastoma. This population is characterized by the rarity of the disease, extremely limited prognosis, and the correlation of the stage of the disease with cognitive abilities. Since this has implications for the informed consent procedure for WGS, we suggest that the content of informed consent should be tailor-made for (recurrent) glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira C Hasner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Mark P van Opijnen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.
| | - Filip Y F de Vos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Hartwig Medical Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marike L D Broekman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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3
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Hurley K, Ozaki M, Philippot Q, Galvin L, Crosby D, Kirwan M, Gill DR, Alysandratos KD, Jenkins G, Griese M, Nathan N, Borie R. A roadmap to precision treatments for familial pulmonary fibrosis. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105135. [PMID: 38718684 PMCID: PMC11096859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in adults and children (chILD) are a heterogeneous group of lung disorders leading to inflammation, abnormal tissue repair and scarring of the lung parenchyma often resulting in respiratory failure and death. Inherited factors directly cause, or contribute significantly to the risk of developing ILD, so called familial pulmonary fibrosis (FPF), and monogenic forms may have a poor prognosis and respond poorly to current treatments. Specific, variant-targeted or precision treatments are lacking. Clinical trials of repurposed drugs, anti-fibrotic medications and specific treatments are emerging but for many patients no interventions exist. We convened an expert working group to develop an overarching framework to address the existing research gaps in basic, translational, and clinical research and identified areas for future development of preclinical models, candidate medications and innovative clinical trials. In this Position Paper, we summarise working group discussions, recommendations, and unresolved questions concerning precision treatments for FPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian Hurley
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Mari Ozaki
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PHERE, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie A, Centre Constitutif du Centre de Référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, FHU APOLLO, Paris, France; Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Liam Galvin
- European Pulmonary Fibrosis Federation, Overijse, Belgium
| | | | - Mary Kirwan
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deborah R Gill
- UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, London, United Kingdom; Gene Medicine Research Group, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (NDCLS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Gisli Jenkins
- Imperial College London, 4615, National Heart & Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Matthias Griese
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadia Nathan
- Sorbonne Université, Pediatric Pulmonology and Reference Center for Rare Lung Diseases RespiRare, Inserm U933 Laboratory of Childhood Genetic Diseases, Armand Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Borie
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PHERE, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie A, Centre Constitutif du Centre de Référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, FHU APOLLO, Paris, France
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Eccher A, Dei Tos AP, Scarpa A, L'Imperio V, Munari E, Troncone G, Naccarato AG, Seminati D, Pagni F. Cost analysis of archives in the pathology laboratories: from safety to management. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:659-663. [PMID: 37532289 PMCID: PMC10511949 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite the reluctance to invest and the challenging estimation of necessary supporting costs, optimising the archives seems to be one of the hottest topics in the future management of the pathology laboratories. Historically, archives were only partially designed to securely store and organise tissue specimens, and tracking systems were often flawed, posing significant risks to patients' health and legal ramifications for pathologists. OBJECTIVE The current review explores the available data from the literature on archives' management in pathology, including comprehensive business plans, structure setup, outfit, inventories, ongoing conservation and functional charges. DATA SOURCES Electronic searches in PubMed-MEDLINE and Embase were made to extract pertinent articles from the literature. Works about the archiving process and storage were included and analysed to extract information. Prepublication servers were ignored. Italian Institutional Regional databases for public competitive bidding processes were queried too. CONCLUSIONS A new emergent feeling in the pathology laboratory is growing for archives management; the digital pathology era is a great opportunity to apply innovation to tracking systems and samples preservation. The main aim is a critical evaluation of the return of investment in developing automatic and tracked archiving processes for improving not only quality, efficacy and efficiency of the labs but also patients' healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Eccher
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo L'Imperio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pathology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Public Health, University of Naples Federico II School of Medicine and Surgery, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Davide Seminati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pathology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Pagni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pathology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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5
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Eccher A, Scarpa A, Dei Tos AP. Impact of a centralized archive for pathology laboratories on the health system. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154488. [PMID: 37116365 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The pathology archive of any hospital is likely to contain tens of thousands of slides and formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks, with their number constantly increasing. As a result, serious space and management issues are created. There has always been a favorable location for the pathology laboratory to rapidly and efficiently collect specimens and to meet the different service requirements of clinicians and patients. However, archiving may be one of the most neglected issues in the planning of spaces and activities, so much so that many laboratories are currently in trouble and looking for space inside and outside their hospitals. Another crucial issue is related to the environmental conditions of the identified preservation place, which, based on their characteristics, probably provide suboptimal habitats in most cases. For FFPE blocks, controlled temperature (<27 °C) and humidity (>30% and <70%) are recommended, with control systems for parasite infestation. For glass slides, systems suitable for guaranteeing their safety, traceability and conservation suitable for possible revision are recommended. The aim of this position paper is to outline the issues that currently exist in archives and to suggest a rational health policy solution to overcome the problems raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Eccher
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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The ethical and legal landscape of brain data governance. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273473. [PMID: 36580464 PMCID: PMC9799320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience research is producing big brain data which informs both advancements in neuroscience research and drives the development of advanced datasets to provide advanced medical solutions. These brain data are produced under different jurisdictions in different formats and are governed under different regulations. The governance of data has become essential and critical resulting in the development of various governance structures to ensure that the quality, availability, findability, accessibility, usability, and utility of data is maintained. Furthermore, data governance is influenced by various ethical and legal principles. However, it is still not clear what ethical and legal principles should be used as a standard or baseline when managing brain data due to varying practices and evolving concepts. Therefore, this study asks what ethical and legal principles shape the current brain data governance landscape? A systematic scoping review and thematic analysis of articles focused on biomedical, neuro and brain data governance was carried out to identify the ethical and legal principles which shape the current brain data governance landscape. The results revealed that there is currently a large variation of how the principles are presented and discussions around the terms are very multidimensional. Some of the principles are still at their infancy and are barely visible. A range of principles emerged during the thematic analysis providing a potential list of principles which can provide a more comprehensive framework for brain data governance and a conceptual expansion of neuroethics.
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Rico-Uribe LA, Morillo-Cuadrado D, Rodríguez-Laso Á, Vorstenbosch E, Weser AJ, Fincias L, Marcon Y, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Haro JM, Ayuso-Mateos JL. Worldwide mapping of initiatives that integrate population cohorts. Front Public Health 2022; 10:964086. [PMID: 36262229 PMCID: PMC9574101 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.964086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alejandra Rico-Uribe
- CIBERSAM (Network-Based Biomedical Research Consortium, Area of Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
- School of Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Daniel Morillo-Cuadrado
- CIBERSAM (Network-Based Biomedical Research Consortium, Area of Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-LP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Daniel Morillo-Cuadrado
| | - Ángel Rodríguez-Laso
- CIBERFES (Network-Based Biomedical Research Consortium, Area of Frailty and Healthy Ageing), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ellen Vorstenbosch
- CIBERSAM (Network-Based Biomedical Research Consortium, Area of Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas J. Weser
- HUNT (The Trøndelag Health Study) Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas
- CIBERFES (Network-Based Biomedical Research Consortium, Area of Frailty and Healthy Ageing), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep María Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- CIBERSAM (Network-Based Biomedical Research Consortium, Area of Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-LP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Lajonchere C, Naeim A, Dry S, Wenger N, Elashoff D, Vangala S, Petruse A, Ariannejad M, Magyar C, Johansen L, Werre G, Kroloff M, Geschwind D. An Integrated, Scalable, Electronic Video Consent Process to Power Precision Health Research: Large, Population-Based, Cohort Implementation and Scalability Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e31121. [PMID: 34889741 PMCID: PMC8701720 DOI: 10.2196/31121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obtaining explicit consent from patients to use their remnant biological samples and deidentified clinical data for research is essential for advancing precision medicine. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe the operational implementation and scalability of an electronic universal consent process that was used to power an institutional precision health biobank across a large academic health system. METHODS The University of California, Los Angeles, implemented the use of innovative electronic consent videos as the primary recruitment tool for precision health research. The consent videos targeted patients aged ≥18 years across ambulatory clinical laboratories, perioperative settings, and hospital settings. Each of these major areas had slightly different workflows and patient populations. Sociodemographic information, comorbidity data, health utilization data (ambulatory visits, emergency room visits, and hospital admissions), and consent decision data were collected. RESULTS The consenting approach proved scalable across 22 clinical sites (hospital and ambulatory settings). Over 40,000 participants completed the consent process at a rate of 800 to 1000 patients per week over a 2-year time period. Participants were representative of the adult University of California, Los Angeles, Health population. The opt-in rates in the perioperative (16,500/22,519, 73.3%) and ambulatory clinics (2308/3390, 68.1%) were higher than those in clinical laboratories (7506/14,235, 52.7%; P<.001). Patients with higher medical acuity were more likely to opt in. The multivariate analyses showed that African American (odds ratio [OR] 0.53, 95% CI 0.49-0.58; P<.001), Asian (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.68-0.77; P<.001), and multiple-race populations (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.69-0.77; P<.001) were less likely to participate than White individuals. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the few large-scale, electronic video-based consent implementation programs that reports a 65.5% (26,314/40,144) average overall opt-in rate across a large academic health system. This rate is higher than those previously reported for email (3.6%) and electronic biobank (50%) informed consent rates. This study demonstrates a scalable recruitment approach for population health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Lajonchere
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Arash Naeim
- Center for SMART Health, Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Dry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neil Wenger
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David Elashoff
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sitaram Vangala
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Antonia Petruse
- Embedded Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maryam Ariannejad
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Clara Magyar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Liliana Johansen
- Embedded Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gabriela Werre
- Embedded Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maxwell Kroloff
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Geschwind
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Parisi L, Knapp PO, Girousi E, Rihs S, La Scala GC, Schnyder I, Stähli A, Sculean A, Bosshardt DD, Katsaros C, Degen M. A Living Cell Repository of the Cranio-/Orofacial Region to Advance Research and Promote Personalized Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:682944. [PMID: 34179013 PMCID: PMC8222786 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.682944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns is estimated to be as high as 6%, many of which involving the cranio-/orofacial region. Such malformations, including several syndromes, are usually identified prenatally, at birth, or rarely later in life. The lack of clinically relevant human cell models of these often very rare conditions, the societal pressure to avoid the use of animal models and the fact that the biological mechanisms between rodents and human are not necessarily identical, makes studying cranio-/orofacial anomalies challenging. To overcome these limitations, we are developing a living cell repository of healthy and diseased cells derived from the cranio-/orofacial region. Ultimately, we aim to make patient-derived cells, which retain the molecular and genetic characteristics of the original anomaly or disease in vitro, available for the scientific community. We report our efforts in establishing a human living cell bank derived from the cranio-/orofacial region of otherwise discarded tissue samples, detail our strategy, processes and quality checks. Such specific cell models have a great potential for discovery and translational research and might lead to a better understanding and management of craniofacial anomalies for the benefit of all affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Parisi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick O Knapp
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eleftheria Girousi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Rihs
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio C La Scala
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Schnyder
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dieter D Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, Dental Research Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Vlahou A, Hallinan D, Apweiler R, Argiles A, Beige J, Benigni A, Bischoff R, Black PC, Boehm F, Céraline J, Chrousos GP, Delles C, Evenepoel P, Fridolin I, Glorieux G, van Gool AJ, Heidegger I, Ioannidis JPA, Jankowski J, Jankowski V, Jeronimo C, Kamat AM, Masereeuw R, Mayer G, Mischak H, Ortiz A, Remuzzi G, Rossing P, Schanstra JP, Schmitz-Dräger BJ, Spasovski G, Staessen JA, Stamatialis D, Stenvinkel P, Wanner C, Williams SB, Zannad F, Zoccali C, Vanholder R. Data Sharing Under the General Data Protection Regulation: Time to Harmonize Law and Research Ethics? Hypertension 2021; 77:1029-1035. [PMID: 33583200 PMCID: PMC7968961 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) became binding law in the European Union Member States in 2018, as a step toward harmonizing personal data protection legislation in the European Union. The Regulation governs almost all types of personal data processing, hence, also, those pertaining to biomedical research. The purpose of this article is to highlight the main practical issues related to data and biological sample sharing that biomedical researchers face regularly, and to specify how these are addressed in the context of GDPR, after consulting with ethics/legal experts. We identify areas in which clarifications of the GDPR are needed, particularly those related to consent requirements by study participants. Amendments should target the following: (1) restricting exceptions based on national laws and increasing harmonization, (2) confirming the concept of broad consent, and (3) defining a roadmap for secondary use of data. These changes will be achieved by acknowledged learned societies in the field taking the lead in preparing a document giving guidance for the optimal interpretation of the GDPR, which will be finalized following a period of commenting by a broad multistakeholder audience. In parallel, promoting engagement and education of the public in the relevant issues (such as different consent types or residual risk for re-identification), on both local/national and international levels, is considered critical for advancement. We hope that this article will open this broad discussion involving all major stakeholders, toward optimizing the GDPR and allowing a harmonized transnational research approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Vlahou
- From the Systems Biology Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece (A.V.)
| | - Dara Hallinan
- FIZ Karlsruhe - Leibniz-Institut für Informationsinfrastruktur, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (D.H., F.B.)
| | - Rolf Apweiler
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom (R.A.)
| | - Angel Argiles
- SAS RD-Néphrologie and Bio-Communication Cardio-Métabolique (BC2M) EA7288 and University Hospital Lapeyronie, University of Montpellier, France (A.A.)
| | - Joachim Beige
- KfH-Nierenzentrum und Klinikum St. Georg, Nephrologie, Leipzig, Germany (J.B.)
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy (A.B., G.R.)
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (R.B.)
| | - Peter C Black
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada (P.C.B.)
| | - Franziska Boehm
- FIZ Karlsruhe - Leibniz-Institut für Informationsinfrastruktur, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (D.H., F.B.)
| | - Jocelyn Céraline
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institut de cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, Université de Strasbourg, France (J.C.)
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, Greece; (G.P.C.)
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (C.D.)
| | - Pieter Evenepoel
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium (P.E.)
| | - Ivo Fridolin
- Department of Health Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia (I.F.)
| | - Griet Glorieux
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium (G.G., R.V.)
| | - Alain J van Gool
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (A.J.v.G.)
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Austria (I.H.)
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Departments of Medicine and of Epidemiology and Population Health and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University (J.P.A.I.)
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (J.J., V.J.)
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (J.J., V.J.)
| | - Carmen Jeronimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto and Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal (C.J.)
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Division of Surgery, Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston (A.K.)
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Div. Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL (R.M.)
| | - Gert Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Austria (G.M.)
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics AG, Hannover, Germany (H.M.)
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS - Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain (A.O.)
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy (A.B., G.R.)
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (P.R.)
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (J.P.S.)
| | - Bernd J Schmitz-Dräger
- Urologie 24, Nuremberg, and Department of Urology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen, Germany (B.J.S-D)
| | - Goce Spasovski
- Department of Nephrology, University Clinical Center Skopje, North Macedonia (G.S.)
| | - Jan A Staessen
- Research Institute Alliance for the Promotion of Preventive Medicine, Mechelen, Belgium, Biomedical Science Group, University of Leuven (J.A.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Bioartificial organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (D.S.)
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Department of Renal Medicine M99, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (P.S.)
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany (C.W.)
| | - Stephen B Williams
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (S.B.W.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Inserm and Université de Lorraine, CHU Nancy, France (F.Z.)
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension of Reggio Calabria, National Council of Research, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italy (C.Z.)
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11
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Hulsen T. Sharing Is Caring-Data Sharing Initiatives in Healthcare. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093046. [PMID: 32349396 PMCID: PMC7246891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, more and more health data are being generated. These data come not only from professional health systems, but also from wearable devices. All these 'big data' put together can be utilized to optimize treatments for each unique patient ('precision medicine'). For this to be possible, it is necessary that hospitals, academia and industry work together to bridge the 'valley of death' of translational medicine. However, hospitals and academia often are reluctant to share their data with other parties, even though the patient is actually the owner of his/her own health data. Academic hospitals usually invest a lot of time in setting up clinical trials and collecting data, and want to be the first ones to publish papers on this data. There are some publicly available datasets, but these are usually only shared after study (and publication) completion, which means a severe delay of months or even years before others can analyse the data. One solution is to incentivize the hospitals to share their data with (other) academic institutes and the industry. Here, we show an analysis of the current literature around data sharing, and we discuss five aspects of data sharing in the medical domain: publisher requirements, data ownership, growing support for data sharing, data sharing initiatives and how the use of federated data might be a solution. We also discuss some potential future developments around data sharing, such as medical crowdsourcing and data generalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hulsen
- Department of Professional Health Solutions & Services, Philips Research, 5656AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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12
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Bunnik EM, Timmers M, Bolt IL. Ethical Issues in Research and Development of Epigenome-wide Technologies. Epigenet Insights 2020; 13:2516865720913253. [PMID: 32313869 PMCID: PMC7154555 DOI: 10.1177/2516865720913253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, few scholarly discussions on ethical implications of epigenetics and epigenomics technologies have focused on the current phase of research and development, in which researchers are confronted with real and practical ethical dilemmas. In this article, a responsible research and innovation approach, using interviews and an expert meeting, is applied to a case of epigenomic test development for cervical cancer screening. This article provides an overview of ethical issues presently facing epigenomics researchers and test developers, and discusses 3 sets of issues in depth: (1) informed consent; (2) communication with donors and/or research participants, and (3) privacy and publication of data and research results. Although these issues are familiar to research ethics, some aspects are new and most require reinterpretation in the context of epigenomics technologies. With this article, we aim to start a discussion of the practical ethical issues rising in research and development of epigenomic technologies and to offer guidance for researchers working in the field of epigenetic and epigenomic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M Bunnik
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Timmers
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke Lle Bolt
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Bolck HA, Pauli C, Göbel E, Mühlbauer K, Dettwiler S, Moch H, Schraml P. Cancer Sample Biobanking at the Next Level: Combining Tissue With Living Cell Repositories to Promote Precision Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:246. [PMID: 31696117 PMCID: PMC6817465 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biorespositories of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) or fresh frozen human tissues from malignant diseases generated as integral part of the diagnostic workup in many pathology departments have been pivotal resources for translational cancer studies. However, such tissue biobanks have traditionally contained only non-viable specimens and thus cannot enable functional assays for the discovery and validation of therapeutic targets or the assessment of drug responses and resistance to treatment. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a next-generation comprehensive biobanking platform that includes the generation of patient-derived in vitro cell models from colorectal, pancreatic and kidney cancers among others. As such patient-derived cell (PDC) models retain important features of the original human tumors, they have emerged as relevant tools for more dynamic clinical and experimental analyses of cancer. Here, we describe details of the complex processes of acquisition and processing of patient-derived samples, propagation, annotation, characterization and distribution of resulting cell models and emphasize the requirements of quality assurance, organizational considerations and investment into resources. Taken together, we show how clinical tissue collections can be taken to the next level thus promising major new opportunities for understanding and treating cancer in the context of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hella A Bolck
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Göbel
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Mühlbauer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Dettwiler
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Schraml
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Petrova M, Barclay S. Research approvals iceberg: how a 'low-key' study in England needed 89 professionals to approve it and how we can do better. BMC Med Ethics 2019; 20:7. [PMID: 30678668 PMCID: PMC6346542 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-018-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The red tape and delays around research ethics and governance approvals frequently frustrate researchers yet, as the lesser of two evils, are largely accepted as unavoidable. Here we quantify aspects of the research ethics and governance approvals for one interview- and questionnaire-based study conducted in England which used the National Health Service (NHS) procedures and the electronic Integrated Research Application System (IRAS). We demonstrate the enormous impact of existing approvals processes on costs of studies, including opportunity costs to focus on the substantive research, and suggest directions for radical system change. MAIN TEXT We have recorded 491 exchanges with 89 individuals involved in research ethics and governance approvals, generating 193 pages of email text excluding attachments. These are conservative estimates (e.g. only records of the research associate were used). The exchanges were conducted outside IRAS, expected to be the platform where all necessary documents are provided and questions addressed. Importantly, the figures exclude the actual work of preparing the ethics documentation (such as the ethics application, information sheets and consent forms). We propose six areas of work to enable system change: 1. Support the development of a broad range of customised research ethics and governance templates to complement generic, typically clinical trials orientated, ones; 2. Develop more sophisticated and flexible frameworks for study classification; 3. Link with associated processes for assessment, feedback, monitoring and reporting, such as ones involving funders and patient and public involvement groups; 4. Invest in a new generation IT infrastructure; 5. Enhance system capacity through increasing online reviewer participation and training; and 6. Encourage researchers to quantify the approvals processes for their studies. CONCLUSION Ethics and governance approvals are burdensome for historical reasons and not because of the nature of the task. There are many opportunities to improve their efficiency and analytic depth in an age of innovation, increased connectivity and distributed working. If we continue to work under current systems, we are perpetuating, paradoxically, an unethical system of research approvals by virtue of its wastefulness and impoverished ethical debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Petrova
- Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK.
| | - Stephen Barclay
- Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
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15
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Patient views on research use of clinical data without consent: Legal, but also acceptable? Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:841-847. [PMID: 30683927 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The research exemption implemented in the new EU General Data Protection Regulation (EU-GDPR) gives member states leeway in determining whether patient consent is required for secondary data use in medical research. However, even though broad consent has become common in data-rich medical research in many EU countries, giving up consent altogether is likely to be controversial. The aim of this study was to examine whether abolishing consent for secondary data use would be acceptable to patients. A questionnaire study was conducted among 700 outpatients of a northern German university hospital to assess their attitude towards use of clinical data for scientific research without consent. There was both strong willingness to give broad consent for secondary data use (468 of 503 responders, 93.0%) and strong approval of abolishing patient consent (n = 381, 75.7%) among study participants. The willingness to give consent was moderately associated with approval of the respective stipulations by the EU-GDPR. In research settings where broad consent is widely accepted (e.g. university hospitals), abolishing consent for secondary research use of clinical data will likely be acceptable to a large majority of patients.
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16
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Gaffney EF, Riegman PH, Grizzle WE, Watson PH. Factors that drive the increasing use of FFPE tissue in basic and translational cancer research. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:373-386. [PMID: 30113239 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1446101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The decision to use 10% neutral buffered formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) archival pathology material may be dictated by the cancer research question or analytical technique, or may be governed by national ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI), biobank, and sample availability and access policy. Biobanked samples of common tumors are likely to be available, but not all samples will be annotated with treatment and outcomes data and this may limit their application. Tumors that are rare or very small exist mostly in FFPE pathology archives. Pathology departments worldwide contain millions of FFPE archival samples, but there are challenges to availability. Pathology departments lack resources for retrieving materials for research or for having pathologists select precise areas in paraffin blocks, a critical quality control step. When samples must be sourced from several pathology departments, different fixation and tissue processing approaches create variability in quality. Researchers must decide what sample quality and quality tolerance fit their specific purpose and whether sample enrichment is required. Recent publications report variable success with techniques modified to examine all common species of molecular targets in FFPE samples. Rigorous quality management may be particularly important in sample preparation for next generation sequencing and for optimizing the quality of extracted proteins for proteomics studies. Unpredictable failures, including unpublished ones, likely are related to pre-analytical factors, unstable molecular targets, biological and clinical sampling factors associated with specific tissue types or suboptimal quality management of pathology archives. Reproducible results depend on adherence to pre-analytical phase standards for molecular in vitro diagnostic analyses for DNA, RNA and in particular, extracted proteins. With continuing adaptations of techniques for application to FFPE, the potential to acquire much larger numbers of FFPE samples and the greater convenience of using FFPE in assays for precision medicine, the choice of material in the future will become increasingly biased toward FFPE samples from pathology archives. Recognition that FFPE samples may harbor greater variation in quality than frozen samples for several reasons, including variations in fixation and tissue processing, requires that FFPE results be validated provided a cohort of frozen tissue samples is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Gaffney
- a Biobank Ireland Trust , Malahide , Co Dublin , Ireland
| | - P H Riegman
- b Erasmus Medical Centre , Department of Pathology , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - W E Grizzle
- c Department of Pathology , University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - P H Watson
- d BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver Island Center , Victoria , BC , Canada
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17
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Rutkowski S, Modena P, Williamson D, Kerl K, Nysom K, Pizer B, Bartels U, Puget S, Doz F, Michalski A, von Hoff K, Chevignard M, Avula S, Murray MJ, Schönberger S, Czech T, Schouten-van Meeteren AYN, Kordes U, Kramm CM, van Vuurden DG, Hulleman E, Janssens GO, Solanki GA, van Veelen MLC, Thomale U, Schuhmann MU, Jones C, Giangaspero F, Figarella-Branger D, Pietsch T, Clifford SC, Pfister SM, Van Gool SW. Biological material collection to advance translational research and treatment of children with CNS tumours: position paper from the SIOPE Brain Tumour Group. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19:e419-e428. [PMID: 30102236 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Paediatric CNS tumours are the most common cause of childhood cancer-related morbidity and mortality, and improvements in their diagnosis and treatment are needed. New genetic and epigenetic information about paediatric CNS tumours is transforming the field dramatically. For most paediatric CNS tumour entities, subgroups with distinct biological characteristics have been identified, and these characteristics are increasingly used to facilitate accurate diagnoses and therapeutic recommendations. Future treatments will be further tailored to specific molecular subtypes of disease, specific tumour predisposition syndromes, and other biological criteria. Successful biomaterial collection is a key requirement for the application of contemporary methodologies for the validation of candidate prognostic factors, the discovery of new biomarkers, the establishment of appropriate preclinical research models for targeted agents, a quicker clinical implementation of precision medicine, and for other therapeutic uses (eg, for immunotherapies). However, deficits in organisational structures and interdisciplinary cooperation are impeding the collection of high-quality biomaterial from CNS tumours in most centres. Practical, legal, and ethical guidelines for consent, storage, material transfer, biobanking, data sharing, and funding should be established by research consortia and local institutions to allow optimal collection of primary and subsequent tumour tissue, body fluids, and normal tissue. Procedures for the collection and storage of biomaterials and related data should be implemented according to the individual and organisational structures of the local institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rutkowski
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Daniel Williamson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kornelius Kerl
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Karsten Nysom
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Barry Pizer
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ute Bartels
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephanie Puget
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Necker Hospital, APHP, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Doz
- SIREDO Centre (Care, Innovation And Research In Paediatric, Adolescents and Young Adults Oncology), Institut Curie and Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Antony Michalski
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Katja von Hoff
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathilde Chevignard
- Rehabilitation Department for Children with Acquired Neurological Injury, Saint Maurice Hospitals, Saint Maurice, France; Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, National Centre for Scientific Research and National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Shivaram Avula
- Department of Radiology, Alder Hey Children's National Health Service Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew J Murray
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan Schönberger
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Czech
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Uwe Kordes
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christof M Kramm
- Division of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dannis G van Vuurden
- Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Princess Máxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Geert O Janssens
- Princess Máxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Guirish A Solanki
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marie-Luise C van Veelen
- Paediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Martin U Schuhmann
- Division of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard Karls University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Anatomopathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed-Mediterranean Neurological Institute, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- AP-HM, CNRS, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Brain Tumour Reference Centre of the German Society of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steve C Clifford
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Centre at National Centre for Tumour Diseases Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Paediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Laurie G. What Does It Mean to Take an Ethics+ Approach to Global Biobank Governance? Asian Bioeth Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41649-017-0030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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