1
|
Lodewijk I, Dueñas M, Paramio JM, Rubio C. CD44v6, STn & O-GD2: promising tumor associated antigens paving the way for new targeted cancer therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1272681. [PMID: 37854601 PMCID: PMC10579806 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1272681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies are the state of the art in oncology today, and every year new Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are developed for preclinical research and clinical trials, but few of them really change the therapeutic scenario. Difficulties, either to find antigens that are solely expressed in tumors or the generation of good binders to these antigens, represent a major bottleneck. Specialized cellular mechanisms, such as differential splicing and glycosylation processes, are a good source of neo-antigen expression. Changes in these processes generate surface proteins that, instead of showing decreased or increased antigen expression driven by enhanced mRNA processing, are aberrant in nature and therefore more specific targets to elicit a precise anti-tumor therapy. Here, we present promising TAAs demonstrated to be potential targets for cancer monitoring, targeted therapy and the generation of new immunotherapy tools, such as recombinant antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell (CAR-T) or Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered Natural Killer (CAR-NK) for specific tumor killing, in a wide variety of tumor types. Specifically, this review is a detailed update on TAAs CD44v6, STn and O-GD2, describing their origin as well as their current and potential use as disease biomarker and therapeutic target in a diversity of tumor types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lodewijk
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus M. Paramio
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yue S, Wang X, Ge W, Li J, Yang C, Zhou Z, Zhang P, Yang X, Xiao W, Yang S. Deciphering Protein O-GalNAcylation: Method Development and Disease Implication. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19223-19236. [PMID: 37305274 PMCID: PMC10249083 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation is an important protein post-translational modification that is abundantly expressed on cell surface proteins. Protein O-glycosylation plays a variety of roles in cellular biological functions including protein structure and signal transduction to the immune response. Cell surface mucins are highly O-glycosylated and are the main substance of the mucosal barrier that protects the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract from infection by pathogens or microorganisms. Dysregulation of mucin O-glycosylation may impair mucosal protection against pathogens that can invade cells to trigger infection or immune evasion. Truncated O-glycosylation, also known as Tn antigen or O-GalNAcylation, is highly upregulated in diseases such cancer, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and IgA nephropathy. Characterization of O-GalNAcylation helps decipher the role of Tn antigen in physiopathology and therapy. However, the analysis of O-glycosylation, specifically the Tn antigen, remains challenging due to the lack of reliable enrichment and identification assays compared to N-glycosylation. Here, we summarize recent advances in analytical methods for O-GalNAcylation enrichment and identification and highlight the biological role of the Tn antigen in various diseases and the clinical implications of identifying aberrant O-GalNAcylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yue
- Center
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow
University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department
of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department
of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The
Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
- Department
of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Center
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow
University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Center
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow
University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chuanlai Yang
- Scientific
Research Department, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- Department
of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department
of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department
of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department
of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow
University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berois N, Pittini A, Osinaga E. Targeting Tumor Glycans for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Limitations, and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030645. [PMID: 35158915 PMCID: PMC8833780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant glycosylation is a common feature of many cancers, and it plays crucial roles in tumor development and biology. Cancer progression can be regulated by several physiopathological processes controlled by glycosylation, such as cell–cell adhesion, cell–matrix interaction, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are suitable for selective cancer targeting, as well as novel antitumor immunotherapy approaches. This review summarizes the strategies developed in cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms and state-of-the-art methods in clinical oncology. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to changes that influence tumor behavior. Glycans can serve as a source of novel clinical biomarker developments, providing a set of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) suitable for selective cancer-targeting therapy. The best characterized TACAs are truncated O-glycans (Tn, TF, and sialyl-Tn antigens), gangliosides (GD2, GD3, GM2, GM3, fucosyl-GM1), globo-serie glycans (Globo-H, SSEA-3, SSEA-4), Lewis antigens, and polysialic acid. In this review, we analyze strategies for cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, including different antibody developments, the production of vaccines, and the generation of CAR-T cells. Some approaches have been approved for clinical use, such as anti-GD2 antibodies. Moreover, in terms of the antitumor mechanisms against different TACAs, we show results of selected clinical trials, considering the horizons that have opened up as a result of recent developments in technologies used for cancer control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berois
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Alvaro Pittini
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Targeting strategies for superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:13-34. [PMID: 31759124 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among various nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been increasingly studied for their excellent superparamagnetism, magnetic heating properties, and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The conjugation of SPIONs with drugs to obtain delivery nanosystems has several advantages including magnetic targeted functionalization, in vivo imaging, magnetic thermotherapy, and combined delivery of anticancer agents. To further increase the targeting efficiency of drugs through a delivery nanosystem based on SPIONs, additional targeting moieties including transferrin, antibodies, aptamers, hyaluronic acid, folate, and targeting peptides are coated onto the surface of SPIONs. Therefore, this review summarizes the latest progresses in the conjugation of targeting molecules and drug delivery nanosystems based on SPIONs, especially focusing on their performances to develop efficient targeted drug delivery systems for tumor therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Some magnetic nanoparticle-based nanocarriers loaded with drugs were evaluated in patients and did not produce convincing results, leading to termination of clinical development in phase II/III. An alternative strategy for drug delivery systems based on SPIONs is the conjugation of these systems with targeting segments such as transferrin, antibodies, aptamers, hyaluronic acid, folate, and targeting peptides. These targeting moieties can be recognized by specific integrin/receptors that are overexpressed specifically on the tumor cell surface, resulting in minimizing dosage and reducing off-target effects. This review focuses on magnetic nanoparticle-based nonviral drug delivery systems with targeting moieties to deliver anticancer drugs, with an aim to provide suggestions on the development of SPIONs through discussion.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Optical surgical navigation (OSN) will be a potent tool to help surgeons more accurately and efficiently remove tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel humanized 3E8 antibody (3E8 MAb) fragment site-specifically conjugated with IR800, 3E8.scFv.Cys-IR800, as a potential OSN agent to target colorectal adenocarcinoma. PROCEDURES An engineered single-chain variable fragment of 3E8 MAb (targeted to TAG-72), appending a C-terminal cysteine residue (3E8.scFv.Cys), was created and reacted with IRDye800-maleimide. 3E8.scFv.Cys-IR800 identity and purity were verified by MALDI-TOF mass spectra and 800 nm detected size exclusion column HPLC. In vitro human colon adenocarcinoma LS-174 T cells binding and competition assay validated biological functionality. We further evaluated the imaging ability and receptor-specific binding of 3E8.scFv.Cys-IR800 in an orthotopic LS-174 T mouse model. RESULTS A 1:1 dye to protein conjugate was achieved at greater than 90 % HPLC purity. A 1 nmol dose of 3E8.scFv.Cys-IR800 via intraperitoneal injection administration was sufficient to produce high tumor to background fluorescence contrast. Blocking competition studies both in vitro and in vivo using a different blocking protein, 3E8ΔCH2, demonstrated 3E8.scFv.Cys-IR800 binding specificity for TAG-72 antigen. CONCLUSIONS 3E8.scFv.Cys-IR800 shows properties useful in a clinically viable OSN agent for colorectal cancer.
Collapse
|
6
|
Milenic DE, Kim YS, Baidoo KE, Wong KJ, Barkley R, Delgado J, Brechbiel MW. Exploration of a F(ab') 2 Fragment as the Targeting Agent of α-Radiation Therapy: A Comparison of the Therapeutic Benefit of Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Administered Radioimmunotherapy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:182-193. [PMID: 29916748 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Refinement of treatment regimens enlisting targeted α-radiation therapy (TAT) is an ongoing effort. Among the variables to consider are the target molecule, radionuclide, dosage, and administration route. The panitumumab F(ab')2 fragment targeting epidermal growth factor receptor tolerated modification with the TCMC chelate as well as radiolabeling with 203Pb or 212Pb. Good specific activity was attained when the immunoconjugate was labeled with 212Pb (9.6 ± 1.4 mCi/mg). Targeting of LS-174T tumor xenografts with the 203Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2 demonstrated comparable amounts of uptake to the similarly radiolabeled panitumumab IgG. A dose escalation study was performed to determine an effective working dose for both intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) injections of 212Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2. Therapeutic efficacy, with modest toxicity, was observed with 30 μCi given i.p. Results for the i.v. administration were not as definitive and the experiment was repeated with a higher dose range. From this study, 20 μCi given i.v. was selected as the effective working dose. A subsequent therapy study combined gemcitabine or paclitaxel with i.v. 212Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2, which increased the median survival (MS) of LS-174T tumor-bearing mice to 208 and 239 d, respectively. Meanwhile, the MS of mice treated with i.v. 212Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2 alone was 61 and 11 d for the untreated group of mice. In conclusion, the panitumumab F(ab')2 fragment whether given by i.p. or i.v. injection, is a viable candidate as a delivery vector for TAT of disseminated i.p. disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Milenic
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Young-Seung Kim
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kwamena E Baidoo
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karen J Wong
- 2 Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rachel Barkley
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jose Delgado
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin W Brechbiel
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Loureiro LR, Sousa DP, Ferreira D, Chai W, Lima L, Pereira C, Lopes CB, Correia VG, Silva LM, Li C, Santos LL, Ferreira JA, Barbas A, Palma AS, Novo C, Videira PA. Novel monoclonal antibody L2A5 specifically targeting sialyl-Tn and short glycans terminated by alpha-2-6 sialic acids. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12196. [PMID: 30111774 PMCID: PMC6093877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Incomplete O-glycosylation is a feature associated with malignancy resulting in the expression of truncated glycans such as the sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen. Despite all the progress in the development of potential anti-cancer antibodies, their application is frequently hindered by low specificities and cross-reactivity. In this study, a novel anti-STn monoclonal antibody named L2A5 was developed by hybridoma technology. Flow cytometry analysis showed that L2A5 specifically binds to sialylated structures on the cell surface of STn-expressing breast and bladder cancer cell lines. Moreover, immunoblotting assays demonstrated reactivity to tumour-associated O-glycosylated proteins, such as MUC1. Tumour recognition was further observed using immunohistochemistry assays, which demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity of L2A5 mAb towards cancer tissue, using bladder and colorectal cancer tissues. L2A5 staining was exclusively tumoural, with a remarkable reactivity in invasive and metastasis sites, not detectable by other anti-STn mAbs. Additionally, it stained 20% of cases of triple-negative breast cancers, suggesting application in diseases with unmet clinical needs. Finally, the fine specificity was assessed using glycan microarrays, demonstrating a highly specific binding of L2A5 to core STn antigens and additional ability to bind 2-6-linked sialyl core-1 probes. In conclusion, this study describes a novel anti-STn antibody with a unique binding specificity that can be applied for cancer diagnostic and future development of new antibody-based therapeutic applications.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/isolation & purification
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/immunology
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/physiology
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Glycosylation
- Humans
- Hybridomas
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Polysaccharides/chemistry
- Polysaccharides/immunology
- Sialic Acids/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Loureiro
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, 2780, Portugal
| | - Diana P Sousa
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, 4200, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Pereira
- CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Carla B Lopes
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Lisboa, 1170, Portugal
| | - Viviana G Correia
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
| | - Lisete M Silva
- Glycosciences Laboratory - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, 4050, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, 4200, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, 4050, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, 4715, Portugal
| | - Ana Barbas
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, 2780, Portugal
- Bayer Portugal, Carnaxide, 2790, Portugal
| | - Angelina S Palma
- Glycosciences Laboratory - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
| | - Carlos Novo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal.
- UEIPM, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349, Portugal.
| | - Paula A Videira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal.
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Caparica, 2829, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 and (6108=6108)*5040# ieds] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
Abstract
The carbohydrate antigens Tn and sialyl-Tn (STn) are expressed in most carcinomas and usually absent in healthy tissues. These antigens have been correlated with cancer progression and poor prognosis, and associated with immunosuppressive microenvironment. Presently they are used in clinical trials as therapeutic vaccination, but with limited success due to their low immunogenicity. Alternatively, anti-Tn and/or STn antibodies may be used to harness the immune system against tumor cells. Whilst the development of antibodies against these antigens had a boost two decades ago for diagnostic use, so far no such antibody entered into clinical trials. Possible limitations are the low specificity and efficiency of existing antibodies and that novel antibodies are still necessary. The vast array of methodologies available today will allow rapid antibody development and novel formats. Following the advent of hybridoma technology, the immortalization of human B cells became a methodology to obtain human monoclonal antibodies with better specificity. Advances in molecular biology including phage display technology for high throughput screening, transgenic mice and more recently molecularly engineered antibodies enhanced the field of antibody production. The development of novel antibodies against Tn and STn taking advantage of innovative technologies and engineering techniques may result in innovative therapeutic antibodies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 or not 3512=3512# hidk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 order by 1-- gzgk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
25
|
Abstract
The carbohydrate antigens Tn and sialyl-Tn (STn) are expressed in most carcinomas and usually absent in healthy tissues. These antigens have been correlated with cancer progression and poor prognosis, and associated with immunosuppressive microenvironment. Presently they are used in clinical trials as therapeutic vaccination, but with limited success due to their low immunogenicity. Alternatively, anti-Tn and/or STn antibodies may be used to harness the immune system against tumor cells. Whilst the development of antibodies against these antigens had a boost two decades ago for diagnostic use, so far no such antibody entered into clinical trials. Possible limitations are the low specificity and efficiency of existing antibodies and that novel antibodies are still necessary. The vast array of methodologies available today will allow rapid antibody development and novel formats. Following the advent of hybridoma technology, the immortalization of human B cells became a methodology to obtain human monoclonal antibodies with better specificity. Advances in molecular biology including phage display technology for high throughput screening, transgenic mice and more recently molecularly engineered antibodies enhanced the field of antibody production. The development of novel antibodies against Tn and STn taking advantage of innovative technologies and engineering techniques may result in innovative therapeutic antibodies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
26
|
Loureiro LR, Carrascal MA, Barbas A, Ramalho JS, Novo C, Delannoy P, Videira PA. Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [PMID: 26270678 DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783;if(3956=5996) select 3956 else drop function yccq--] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbohydrate antigens Tn and sialyl-Tn (STn) are expressed in most carcinomas and usually absent in healthy tissues. These antigens have been correlated with cancer progression and poor prognosis, and associated with immunosuppressive microenvironment. Presently they are used in clinical trials as therapeutic vaccination, but with limited success due to their low immunogenicity. Alternatively, anti-Tn and/or STn antibodies may be used to harness the immune system against tumor cells. Whilst the development of antibodies against these antigens had a boost two decades ago for diagnostic use, so far no such antibody entered into clinical trials. Possible limitations are the low specificity and efficiency of existing antibodies and that novel antibodies are still necessary. The vast array of methodologies available today will allow rapid antibody development and novel formats. Following the advent of hybridoma technology, the immortalization of human B cells became a methodology to obtain human monoclonal antibodies with better specificity. Advances in molecular biology including phage display technology for high throughput screening, transgenic mice and more recently molecularly engineered antibodies enhanced the field of antibody production. The development of novel antibodies against Tn and STn taking advantage of innovative technologies and engineering techniques may result in innovative therapeutic antibodies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Loureiro
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
- IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras 2781-901, Portugal.
- IHMT, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisboa 1349-008, Portugal.
| | - Mylène A Carrascal
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Ana Barbas
- IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras 2781-901, Portugal.
| | - José S Ramalho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Novo
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
- IHMT, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisboa 1349-008, Portugal.
| | - Philippe Delannoy
- Structural and Functional Glycobiology Unit, UMR CNRS 8576, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France.
| | - Paula A Videira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
- Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
|
29
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 and 5081=5081# wakk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
30
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 where 8055=8055 or not 3512=3512-- sjzm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
31
|
Loureiro LR, Carrascal MA, Barbas A, Ramalho JS, Novo C, Delannoy P, Videira PA. Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [PMID: 26270678 DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783;select (case when (7747=1872) then 7747 else 1/(select 0) end)--] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbohydrate antigens Tn and sialyl-Tn (STn) are expressed in most carcinomas and usually absent in healthy tissues. These antigens have been correlated with cancer progression and poor prognosis, and associated with immunosuppressive microenvironment. Presently they are used in clinical trials as therapeutic vaccination, but with limited success due to their low immunogenicity. Alternatively, anti-Tn and/or STn antibodies may be used to harness the immune system against tumor cells. Whilst the development of antibodies against these antigens had a boost two decades ago for diagnostic use, so far no such antibody entered into clinical trials. Possible limitations are the low specificity and efficiency of existing antibodies and that novel antibodies are still necessary. The vast array of methodologies available today will allow rapid antibody development and novel formats. Following the advent of hybridoma technology, the immortalization of human B cells became a methodology to obtain human monoclonal antibodies with better specificity. Advances in molecular biology including phage display technology for high throughput screening, transgenic mice and more recently molecularly engineered antibodies enhanced the field of antibody production. The development of novel antibodies against Tn and STn taking advantage of innovative technologies and engineering techniques may result in innovative therapeutic antibodies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Loureiro
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
- IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras 2781-901, Portugal.
- IHMT, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisboa 1349-008, Portugal.
| | - Mylène A Carrascal
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Ana Barbas
- IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras 2781-901, Portugal.
| | - José S Ramalho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Novo
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
- IHMT, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisboa 1349-008, Portugal.
| | - Philippe Delannoy
- Structural and Functional Glycobiology Unit, UMR CNRS 8576, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France.
| | - Paula A Videira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
- Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 and 5401=2784#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
33
|
|
34
|
|
35
|
|
36
|
|
37
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 and (5526=8738)*8738# lvgk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
38
|
|
39
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 having 4867=4867# mhcu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
40
|
|
41
|
|
42
|
|
43
|
|
44
|
|
45
|
Challenges in Antibody Development against Tn and Sialyl-Tn Antigens. Biomolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/biom5031783 and elt(9942=9942,1925)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
46
|
|
47
|
|
48
|
|
49
|
|
50
|
|