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Palta P, Selokar NL, Chauhan MS. Production of Water Buffalo SCNT Embryos by Handmade Cloning. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2647:245-258. [PMID: 37041339 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) involves the transfer of a somatic nucleus into an enucleated oocyte followed by chemical activation and embryo culture. Further, handmade cloning (HMC) is a simple and efficient SCNT method for large-scale embryo production. HMC does not require micromanipulators for oocyte enucleation and reconstruction since these steps are carried out using a sharp blade controlled by hand under a stereomicroscope. In this chapter, we review the status of HMC in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and further describe a protocol for the production of buffalo-cloned embryos by HMC and assays to estimate their quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Palta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Manmohan S Chauhan
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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Ren X, She C, Huang S, Yang T, Tong Y, Yuan X, Shi D, Li X. Chromatin openness of donor cells is directly correlated with the in vitro developmental capabilities of cloned buffalo embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1113-1124. [PMID: 35689464 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodelling complex is closely related to chromatin openness and gene transcriptional activity. To understand if the chromatin openness of donor cells was related to the development efficiency of somatic cell cloning embryos, two buffalo fetal fibroblasts (BFF), BFF1 and BFF3, with significantly different cloned blastocyst development rates (18.4% and 30.9% respectively), were selected in this study. The expression of SWI/SNF complex genes, chromatin openness, and transcript level of these two cell lines were analysed, and the effect of ATP on the expression of the SWI/SNF complex genes was further explored. The results showed that compared with BFF1, the expression of SWI/SNF complex family genes was higher in BFF3 at the G0/G1 phase, where SMARCC1, SMARCC2 and SMARCE1 were significantly different (p < .05). Assay of Transposase Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) results showed that, at the genome-wide level, BFF3 had more open chromatin, especially which having more open chromatin peaks at SMARCA4, SMARCA2, and RBPMS2 (RNA Binding Protein, mRNA Processing Factor 2) sites. In total, 2,712 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the RNA-Seq method, with 1380 up- and 1332 down-regulated genes in BFF3. Interestingly, the ATPase-related genes ATP1B1 and ATP11A were extreme significantly up-regulated in BFF3 (p < .01). The ATP content and the expression of SWI/SNF complex genes in both BFF1 and BFF3 decreased when treated with rotenone. The above results demonstrated that the SWI/SNF complex contributed to chromatin opening, and chromatin opening of donor cells was essential for cloned embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chun She
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shihai Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Salimi M, Shirazi A, Norouzian M, Mehrazar MM, Naderi MM, Shokrgozar MA, Omrani M, Hashemi SM. Histone Modifications of H3K4me3, H3K9me3 and Lineage Gene Expressions in Chimeric Mouse Embryo. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:96-105. [PMID: 31606973 PMCID: PMC6791070 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chimeric animal exhibits less viability and more fetal and placental abnormalities than normal animal. This study was aimed to determine the impact of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) injection into the mouse embryos on H3K9me3 and H3K4me3 and cell lineage gene expressions in chimeric blastocysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our experiment, at the first step, incorporation of the GFP positive mESCs (GFP-mESCs) 129/Sv into the inner cell mass (ICM) of pre-compacted and compacted morula stage embryos was compared. At the second and third steps, H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 status as well as the expression of Oct4, Nanog, Tead4, and Cdx2 genes were determined in the following groups: i. In vitro blastocyst derived from In vivo morula subjected to mESCs injection (blast/chimeric), ii. In vivo derived blastocyst (blast/In vivo), iii. In vitro blastocyst derived from culture of morula In vivo (blast/morula), and iv. In vitro blastocyst derived from morula In vivo subjected to sham injection (blast/sham). RESULTS Subzonal injection of GFP-mESCs at the pre-compacted embryos produced more chimeric blastocysts than compacted embryos (P<0.05). The number of trophectoderm (TE), ICM, ICM/TE and total cells in chimeric blastocysts were less than the corresponding numbers in blastocysts derived from other groups (P<0.05). In ICM and TE of chimeric blastocysts, the levels of H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 were respectively decreased and increased compared to the blastocysts of the other groups (P<0.05). Expressions of Oct4, Nanog and Tead4 were decreased in chimeric blastocysts compared to the blastocysts of the other groups (P<0.05), while this was not observed for Cdx2. CONCLUSION In the present study, embryo compaction significantly reduced the rate of incorporation of injected mESCs into the ICM. Moreover, in chimeric blastocysts, the levels of H3K9me3 and H3K4me3 were altered. In addition, the expressions of pluripotency and cell fate genes were decreased compared to blastocysts of the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salimi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shirazi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
- Department of Gametes and Cloning, Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohsen Norouzian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Mehrazar
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Naderi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mirdavood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Enhancement of in Vitro Developmental Outcome of Cloned Goat Embryos After Epigenetic Modulation of Somatic Cell-Inherited Nuclear Genome with Trichostatin A. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the effect of trichostatin A (TSA)-mediated epigenomic modulation of nuclear donor cells on the in vitro developmental potential of caprine somatic cell cloned embryos was examined. The enucleated ex vivo-matured oocytes were subzonally injected with adult ear skin-derived fibroblast cells exposed or not exposed to TSA (at a concentration of 50 nM). The experiment was designed on the basis of three different approaches to TSA-dependent modulation of donor cell-descended genome: before being used for somatic cell nuclear transfer/SCNT (Group I); immediately after activation of nuclear-transferred (NT) oocytes (Group II); or combined treatment both before being used for SCNT and after activation of NT oocytes (Group III). In the control Group IV, donor cell nuclei have not been treated with TSA at any stage of the experimental design. In TSA-treated Groups I and II and untreated Group IV, cleavage activities of cloned embryos were at the similar levels (80.6%, 79.8% and 77.1%, respectively). But, significant difference was observed between Groups III and IV (85.3 vs. 77.1%). Moreover, in the experimental Groups I and III, the percentages of cloned embryos that reached the blastocyst stages remarkably increased as compared to those noticed in the control Group IV (31.2% vs. 36.7% vs. 18.9%, respectively). In turn, among embryos assigned to Group II, blastocyst formation rate was only slightly higher than that in the control Group IV, but the differences were not statistically significant (25.8% vs. 18.9%). To sum up, TSA-based epigenomic modulation of somatic cell-inherited nuclear genome gave rise to increased competences of caprine cloned embryos to complete their development to blastocyst stages. In particular, sequential TSA-mediated modulation of both nuclear donor cells and activated NT oocytes led to improvement in the blastocyst yields of cloned goat embryos, which can result from enhanced donor cell nuclear reprogrammability.
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Saini M, Selokar NL. Approaches used to improve epigenetic reprogramming in buffalo cloned embryos. Indian J Med Res 2019; 148:S115-S119. [PMID: 30964088 PMCID: PMC6469377 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2096_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The reproductive cloning in buffalo in India has been started using a simplified somatic cell nuclear transfer technique named handmade cloning. Since the birth of first cloned female buffalo in 2009, a number of buffalo clones have been produced in India by utilizing different types of donor cells such as ear cells, embryonic stem cells, semen somatic cells and urine somatic cells. The use of buffalo cloning on a large scale is restricted due to low pregnancy rates and poor calf survival. Considerable attempts have been made to improve the overall buffalo cloning efficiency, particularly by modifying epigenetic reprogramming of cloned embryos. Previous studies have demonstrated that chemical epigenetic modifiers such as trichostatin A and 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine, m-carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide can be used to treat donor somatic cells and reconstructed fused embryos to correct the epigenetic reprogramming to enhance the overall cloning efficiency in terms of live birth rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Saini
- Division of Animal Physiology & Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Division of Animal Physiology & Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
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Sood TJ, Lagah SV, Mukesh M, Singla SK, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Palta P. RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis of buffalo (
Bubalus bubalis
) blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer and in vitro fertilization. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1149-1167. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanushri Jerath Sood
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Swati Viviyan Lagah
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Manishi Mukesh
- Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR‐National Bureau of Animal Genetic ResourcesKarnal Haryana India
| | - Suresh Kumar Singla
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Manmohan Singh Chauhan
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Radhey Sham Manik
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
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Taweechaipaisankul A, Jin JX, Lee S, Kim GA, Suh YH, Ahn MS, Park SJ, Lee BY, Lee BC. Improved early development of porcine cloned embryos by treatment with quisinostat, a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor. J Reprod Dev 2018; 65:103-112. [PMID: 30587665 PMCID: PMC6473109 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2018-098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the modification of the epigenetic status of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos by treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) has made it possible to alter
epigenetic traits and improve the developmental competence of these embryos. In the current study, we examined the effects of an HDACi, quisinostat (JNJ), on the in vitro
development of porcine cloned embryos and their epigenetic nuclear reprogramming status. SCNT embryos were cultured under various conditions, and we found that treatment with 100 nM JNJ for
24 h post activation could improve blastocyst formation rates compared to the control (P < 0.05). Therefore, this was chosen as the optimal condition and used for further investigations.
To explore the effects of JNJ on the nuclear reprogramming of early stage embryos and how it improved cloning efficiency, immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR were
performed. From the pseudo-pronuclear to 2-cell stages, the levels of acetylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (AcH3K9) and acetylation of histone 4 at lysine 12 (AcH4K12) increased, and global
DNA methylation levels revealed by anti-5-methylcytosine (5-mC) antibody staining were decreased in the JNJ-treated group compared to the control (P < 0.05). However, JNJ treatment failed
to alter AcH3K9, AcH4K12, or 5-mC levels at the 4-cell embryo stage. Moreover, JNJ treatment significantly upregulated the expression of the development-related genes OCT4,
SOX2, and NANOG, and reduced the expression of genes related to DNA methylation (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and
DNMT3b) and histone acetylation (HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3). Together, these results suggest that treatment of SCNT
embryos with JNJ could promote their developmental competence by altering epigenetic nuclear reprogramming events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Taweechaipaisankul
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Xue Jin
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ho Suh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Ahn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120749, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jun Park
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong You Lee
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Can Reprogramming of Overall Epigenetic Memory and Specific Parental Genomic Imprinting Memory within Donor Cell-Inherited Nuclear Genome be a Major Hindrance for the Somatic Cell Cloning of Mammals? – A Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2018-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Successful cloning of animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) requires epigenetic transcriptional reprogramming of the differentiated state of the donor cell nucleus to a totipotent embryonic ground state. It means that the donor nuclei must cease its own program of gene expression and restore a particular program of the embryonic genome expression regulation that is necessary for normal development. Transcriptional activity of somatic cell-derived nuclear genome during embryo pre- and postimplantation development as well as foetogenesis is correlated with the frequencies for spatial remodeling of chromatin architecture and reprogramming of cellular epigenetic memory. This former and this latter process include such covalent modifications as demethylation/re-methylation of DNA cytosine residues and acetylation/deacetylation as well as demethylation/re-methylation of lysine residues of nucleosomal core-derived histones H3 and H4. The main cause of low SCNT efficiency in mammals turns out to be an incomplete reprogramming of transcriptional activity for donor cell-descended genes. It has been ascertained that somatic cell nuclei should undergo the wide DNA cytosine residue demethylation changes throughout the early development of cloned embryos to reset their own overall epigenetic and parental genomic imprinting memories that have been established by re-methylation of the nuclear donor cell-inherited genome during specific pathways of somatic and germ cell lineage differentiation. A more extensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and recognition of determinants for epigenetic transcriptional reprogrammability of somatic cell nuclear genome will be helpful to solve the problems resulting from unsatisfactory SCNT effectiveness and open new possibilities for common application of this technology in transgenic research focused on human biomedicine.
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