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Zhao Y, Wan K, Wang J, Wang S, Chang Y, Du Z, Zhang L, Dong L, Zhou D, Zhang W, Wang S, Yang Q. DNA methylation and gene expression profiling reveal potential association of retinol metabolism related genes with hepatocellular carcinoma development. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17916. [PMID: 39193514 PMCID: PMC11348899 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant DNA methylation patterns play a critical role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms associated with these aberrantly methylated genes remain unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the methylation-driven gene expression alterations in HCC using a multi-omics dataset. Methods Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques were used to assess the methylation and gene expression profiles of HCC tissues (HCCs) and normal adjacent tissues (NATs). The candidate genes' potential function was further investigated using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) data. Results We observed widespread hypomethylation in HCCs compared to NATs. Methylation levels in distinct genomic regions exhibited significant differences between HCCs and NATs. We identified 247,632 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 4,926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCCs and NATs. Integrated analysis of DNA methylation and RNA-seq data identified 987 methylation-driven candidate genes, with 970 showing upregulation and 17 showing downregulation. Four genes involved in the retinol metabolic pathway, namely ADH1A, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, and CYP2C19, were identified as hyper-downregulated genes. Their expression levels could stratify HCCs into three subgroups with distinct survival outcomes, immune cell infiltration, and tumor microenvironments. Validation of these findings in an independent dataset yielded similar outcomes, confirming the high concordance and potential prognostic value of these genes. ScRNA seq data revealed the low expression of these genes in immune cells, emphasizing their role in promoting malignant cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the molecular characteristics of HCC, revealing the involvement of retinol metabolism-related genes in the development and progression of HCC. These findings have implications for HCC diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and the development of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanteng Zhao
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Kangkang Wan
- Wuhan Ammunition Life-tech Company, Ltd., CN, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanli Chang
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhuanyun Du
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Lianglu Zhang
- Wuhan Ammunition Life-tech Company, Ltd., CN, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lanlan Dong
- Wuhan Ammunition Life-tech Company, Ltd., CN, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dihan Zhou
- Wuhan Ammunition Life-tech Company, Ltd., CN, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Wuhan Ammunition Life-tech Company, Ltd., CN, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shaochi Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Fang S, Wang H, Qiu K, Pang Y, Li C, Liang X. The fungicide pyraclostrobin affects gene expression by altering the DNA methylation pattern in Magnaporthe oryzae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1391900. [PMID: 38745924 PMCID: PMC11091397 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1391900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae has long been the main cause of rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield reduction worldwide. The quinone external inhibitor pyraclostrobin is widely used as a fungicide to effectively control the spread of pathogenic fungi, including M. oryzae. However, M. oryzae can develop resistance through multiple levels of mutation, such as target protein cytb mutation G143A/S, leading to a decrease in the effectiveness of the biocide after a period of application. Therefore, uncovering the possible mutational mechanisms from multiple perspectives will further provide feasible targets for drug development. Methods In this work, we determined the gene expression changes in M. oryzae in response to pyraclostrobin stress and their relationship with DNA methylation by transcriptome and methylome. Results The results showed that under pyraclostrobin treatment, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis were enhanced, suggesting that more aberrant proteins may be generated that need to be cleared. DNA replication and repair processes were inhibited. Glutathione metabolism was enhanced, while lipid metabolism was impaired. The number of alternative splicing events increased. These changes may be related to the elevated methylation levels of cytosine and adenine in gene bodies. Both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) mainly occurred in exons and promoters. Some DMGs and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated to the same pathways by GO and KEGG, including protein processing in the ER, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, RNA transport and glutathione metabolism, suggesting that pyraclostrobin may affect gene expression by altering the methylation patterns of cytosine and adenine. Discussion Our results revealed that 5mC and 6mA in the gene body are associated with gene expression and contribute to adversity adaptation in M. oryzae. This enriched the understanding for potential mechanism of quinone inhibitor resistance, which will facilitate the development of feasible strategies for maintaining the high efficacy of this kind of fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Fang
- Heilongjiang Plant Growth Regulator Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hanxin Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Kaihua Qiu
- Heilongjiang Plant Growth Regulator Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Pang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Chen Li
- Heilongjiang Plant Growth Regulator Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xilong Liang
- Heilongjiang Plant Growth Regulator Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Snajder R, Leger A, Stegle O, Bonder MJ. pycoMeth: a toolbox for differential methylation testing from Nanopore methylation calls. Genome Biol 2023; 24:83. [PMID: 37081487 PMCID: PMC10120131 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02917-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We present pycoMeth, a toolbox to store, manage and analyze DNA methylation calls from long-read sequencing data obtained using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing platform. Building on a novel, rapid-access, read-level and reference-anchored methylation storage format MetH5, we propose efficient algorithms for haplotype aware, multi-sample consensus segmentation and differential methylation testing. We show that MetH5 is more efficient than existing solutions for storing Oxford Nanopore Technologies methylation calls, and carry out benchmarking for pycoMeth segmentation and differential methylation testing, demonstrating increased performance and sensitivity compared to existing solutions designed for short-read methylation data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Snajder
- Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Faculty for Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- HIDSS4Health, Helmholtz Information and Data Science School for Health, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Adrien Leger
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Current affiliation: Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver Stegle
- Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc Jan Bonder
- Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
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Nikolaienko O, Lønning PE, Knappskog S. ramr: an R/Bioconductor package for detection of rare aberrantly methylated regions. Bioinformatics 2021; 38:133-140. [PMID: 34383893 PMCID: PMC8696093 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION With recent advances in the field of epigenetics, the focus is widening from large and frequent disease- or phenotype-related methylation signatures to rare alterations transmitted mitotically or transgenerationally (constitutional epimutations). Merging evidence indicate that such constitutional alterations, albeit occurring at a low mosaic level, may confer risk of disease later in life. Given their inherently low incidence rate and mosaic nature, there is a need for bioinformatic tools specifically designed to analyze such events. RESULTS We have developed a method (ramr) to identify aberrantly methylated DNA regions (AMRs). ramr can be applied to methylation data obtained by array or next-generation sequencing techniques to discover AMRs being associated with elevated risk of cancer as well as other diseases. We assessed accuracy and performance metrics of ramr and confirmed its applicability for analysis of large public datasets. Using ramr we identified aberrantly methylated regions that are known or may potentially be associated with development of colorectal cancer and provided functional annotation of AMRs that arise at early developmental stages. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The R package is freely available at https://github.com/BBCG/ramr and https://bioconductor.org/packages/ramr. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Per Eystein Lønning
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway,Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stian Knappskog
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway,Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Zheng X, Wu Q, Wu H, Leung KS, Wong MH, Liu X, Cheng L. Evaluating the Consistency of Gene Methylation in Liver Cancer Using Bisulfite Sequencing Data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671302. [PMID: 33996828 PMCID: PMC8116545 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisulfite sequencing is considered as the gold standard approach for measuring DNA methylation, which acts as a pivotal part in regulating a variety of biological processes without changes in DNA sequences. In this study, we introduced the most prevalent methods for processing bisulfite sequencing data and evaluated the consistency of the data acquired from different measurements in liver cancer. Firstly, we introduced three commonly used bisulfite sequencing assays, i.e., reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), and targeted bisulfite sequencing (targeted BS). Next, we discussed the principles and compared different methods for alignment, quality assessment, methylation level scoring, and differentially methylated region identification. After that, we screened differential methylated genes in liver cancer through the three bisulfite sequencing assays and evaluated the consistency of their results. Ultimately, we compared bisulfite sequencing to 450 k beadchip and assessed the statistical similarity and functional association of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) among the four assays. Our results demonstrated that the DMGs measured by WGBS, RRBS, targeted BS and 450 k beadchip are consistently hypo-methylated in liver cancer with high functional similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Zheng
- Department of Critical Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Critical Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haonan Wu
- Department of Critical Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kwong-Sak Leung
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Hon Wong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Department of Critical Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- Department of Critical Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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