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Luo H, Bao Y, Zhu P. Nutritional and functional insight into novel probiotic lycopene-soy milk by genome edited Bacillus subtilis. Food Chem 2023; 429:136973. [PMID: 37499509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional and functional soy-based milk gains growing attention globally in food industry. However, its poor sensorial attributes, single flavor, and limited substance variety become critical issues in displaying balanced nutrition and multifunction for health. Herein, a novel probiotic lycopene-soy milk was developed by genome edited Bacillus subtilis harboring lycopene biosynthesis cassette with efficient lycopene production of 25.73 ± 1.57 mg/g DCW. Further investigation displayed desirable pH, reducing sugar, protein, total phenolic content and isoflavone for achieved milk than conventional soy milk, implying it with well-balanced nutritional quality. Notably, achieved milk exhibited stronger antioxidant capacity and higher isoflavone bioavailability for functionality. Moreover, it possessed significantly high scores for taste, appearance, and overall acceptability, suggesting its excellent sensorial attributes. To our delight, it is the first time to fortify soy-milk with probiotic and lycopene by genome edited B. subtilis to explore additive effect on improving nutritional value and functionality for food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Luo
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yihong Bao
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China.
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Ye M, Dewi L, Liao YC, Nicholls A, Huang CY, Kuo CH. DNA oxidation after exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1275867. [PMID: 38028771 PMCID: PMC10644354 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1275867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a byproduct of DNA oxidation resulting from free radical attacks. Paradoxically, treatment with 8-OHdG accelerates tissue healing. The aim of this study is to quantify the 8-OHdG response after a single session of exercise in both trained and untrained adults. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention studies measuring changes in blood 8-OHdG following resistance exercise and aerobic exercise were conducted. The literature search included Web of Science, PubMed, BASE, and Scopus, with publications up to February 2023 included. Subgroup analysis of training status was also conducted. Results: Sixteen studies involving 431 participants met the eligibility criteria. Resistance exercise showed a medium effect on increasing circulating 8-OHdG levels (SMD = 0.66, p < 0.001), which was similar for both trained and untrained participants. However, studies on aerobic exercise presented mixed results. For trained participants, a small effect of aerobic exercise on increasing circulating 8-OHdG levels was observed (SMD = 0.42; p < 0.001). In contrast, for untrained participants, a large effect of decreasing circulating 8-OHdG levels was observed, mostly after long-duration aerobic exercise (SMD = -1.16; p < 0.05). Similar to resistance exercise, high-intensity aerobic exercise (5-45 min, ≥75% VO2max) significantly increased circulating 8-OHdG levels, primarily in trained participants. Conclusion: Pooled results from the studies confirm an increase in circulating 8-OHdG levels after resistance exercise. However, further studies are needed to fully confirm the circulating 8-OHdG response to aerobic exercise. Increases in 8-OHdG after high-intensity aerobic exercise are observed only in trained individuals, implicating its role in training adaptation. Systematic Review Registration: [https://Systematicreview.gov/], identifier [CRD42022324180].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Ye
- College of Physical Education and Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luthfia Dewi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Liao
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andrew Nicholls
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Scientometric and Methodological Analysis of the Recent Literature on the Health-Related Effects of Tomato and Tomato Products. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081905. [PMID: 34441682 PMCID: PMC8393598 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of tomato, a vegetable consumed daily in human diets, have received great attention in the scientific community, and a great deal of experiments have tested their utility against several diseases. Herein, we present a scientometric analysis of recent works aimed to estimate the biological effects of tomato, focusing on bibliographic metadata, type of testers, target systems, and methods of analysis. A remarkably variable array of strategies was reported, including testers obtained by standard and special tomatoes, and the use of in vitro and in vivo targets, both healthy and diseased. In vitro, 21 normal and 36 cancer human cell lines derived from 13 different organs were used. The highest cytotoxic effects were reported on cancer blood cells. In vivo, more experiments were carried out with murine than with human systems, addressing healthy individuals, as well as stressed and diseased patients. Multivariate analysis showed that publications in journals indexed in the agriculture category were associated with the use of fresh tomatoes; conversely, medicine and pharmacology journals were associated with the use of purified and formulate testers. Studies conducted in the United States of America preferentially adopted in vivo systems and formulates, combined with blood and tissue analysis. Researchers in Italy, China, India, and Great Britain mostly carried out in vitro research using fresh tomatoes. Gene expression and proteomic analyses were associated with China and India. The emerging scenario evidences the somewhat dichotomic approaches of plant geneticists and agronomists and that of cell biologists and medicine researchers. A higher integration between these two scientific communities would be desirable to foster the assessment of the benefits of tomatoes to human health.
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Francielli De Oliveira P, Leandro LF, Furtado RA, Ferreira NH, Pauletti PM, Barbosa Araújo AR, Uyemura SA, Tavares DC. Styrax camporum, a typical species of the Brazilian cerrado, attenuates DNA damage, preneoplastic lesions and oxidative stress in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:582-592. [PMID: 33825664 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1910090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Styrax camporum Pohl, a typical species from the Brazilian cerrado, commonly known as "benjoeiro", is used to treat gastroduodenal diseases. In previous studies carried out by our research group, hydroalcoholic extract of S. camporum stems (SCHE) exhibited antigenotoxic and antiproliferative effects. For a comparative analysis of the chemopreventive effect of SCHE, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of SCHE against carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions in Wistar rat colon. Animals were treated orally with SCHE at 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg body weight in conjunction with a subcutaneous injection of DMH. DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay while tpre-neoplastic lesions by aberrant crypt foci (ACF) assay. The following hepatic oxidative stress markers were determined including activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) as well as levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Treatment with SCHE was not genotoxic or carcinogenic at the highest dose tested (1000 mg/kg b.w.). The extract effectively inhibited DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions induced by DMH administration at all concentrations tested. Measurement of CAT, and GST activities and levels of GSH showed that SCHE did not reduce oxidative processes. In contrast, treatment with SCHE (1000 mg/kg b.w.) decreased liver MDA levels. Taken together, these findings suggested the chemopreventive effect attributed to SCHE in colon carcinogenesis, may be related to its capacity to inhibit DNA damage as well as an antioxidant action associated with its chemical constituents egonol and homoegonol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sérgio Akira Uyemura
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas De Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Salomone F, Petta S, Micek A, Pipitone RM, Distefano A, Castruccio Castracani C, Rini F, Di Rosa M, Gardi C, Calvaruso V, Di Marco V, Li Volti G, Grimaudo S, Craxì A. Hepatitis C virus eradication by direct antiviral agents abates oxidative stress in patients with advanced liver fibrosis. Liver Int 2020; 40:2820-2827. [PMID: 32666695 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS HCV eradication improves non-hepatic outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases, although without clearly defined mechanisms. In this study we aimed to assess whether improvement of carotid atherosclerosis may be linked to a reduction in systemic oxidative stress after viral clearance. METHODS We studied a retrospective cohort of 105 patients (age 62.4 ± 11.2 years; 62 men) with F3/F4 fibrosis, characterized by carotid ultrasonography at baseline and at sustained virologic response (SVR) follow-up. Levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (F2 -isoprostanes) and other oxidative stress markers were measured on frozen sera. Association between change (denoted as Δ) in oxidative stress markers (exposures) and change in carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) (outcome) was examined using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Subclinical atherosclerosis, defined as the presence of carotid plaque and/or cIMT ≥ 0.9, was present in 72% of the cohort. All patients achieved SVR that led to reduction in cIMT (0.92 ± 0.20 vs 0.83 ± 0.21 mm, P < .001). HCV eradication markedly decreased serum levels of F2 -isoprostanes (620.5 [143.2; 1904.1] vs 119.51 [63.2; 400.6] pg/mL, P < .0001), lipid hydroperoxides (13.8 [6.3; 20.7] vs 4.9 [2.3; 9.6] nmol/μl, P < .0001) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (558.9 [321.0; 6301.2] vs 294.51 [215.31; 408.95] pg/mL, P < .0001), whereas increased serum GPx activity (10.44 [4.6; 16.3] vs 13.75 [9.42; 20.63] nmol/min/mL, P = .001). By multiple linear regression analysis ΔcIMT was independently associated with ΔF2 -isoprostanes (β: 1.746 [0.948; 2.543]; P < .0001) after adjustment for age, baseline F2 -isoprostanes and baseline IMT. CONCLUSIONS Besides association of lipid peroxidation with severity of liver disease, the reduction in F2 -isoprostanes may be involved in the improvement of atherosclerosis after HCV eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Salomone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ospedale di Acireale, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Department of Nursing Management and Epidemiology Nursing, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rosaria Maria Pipitone
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Rini
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Concetta Gardi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenza Calvaruso
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vito Di Marco
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Grimaudo
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Craxì
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Sharp M, Sahin K, Stefan M, Orhan C, Gheith R, Reber D, Sahin N, Tuzcu M, Lowery R, Durkee S, Wilson J. Phytoplankton Supplementation Lowers Muscle Damage and Sustains Performance across Repeated Exercise Bouts in Humans and Improves Antioxidant Capacity in a Mechanistic Animal. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071990. [PMID: 32635494 PMCID: PMC7400322 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of antioxidant-rich marine phytoplankton supplementation (Oceanix, OCX) on performance and muscle damage following a cross-training event in endurance-trained subjects. Additionally, an animal model was carried out to assess the effects of varying dosages of OCX, with exercise, on intramuscular antioxidant capacity. METHODS In the human trial, endurance-trained subjects (average running distance = 29.5 ± 2.6 miles × week-1) were randomly divided into placebo (PLA) and OCX (25 mg) conditions for 14 days. The subjects were pre-tested on a one-mile uphill run, maximal isometric strength, countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) power, and for muscle damage (creatine kinase (CK)). On Day 12, the subjects underwent a strenuous cross-training event. Measures were reassessed on Day 13 and 14 (24 h and 48 h Post event). In the animal model, Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 7): (i) Control (no exercise and placebo (CON)), (ii) Exercise (E), (iii) Exercise + OCX 1 (Oceanix, 2.55 mg/day, (iv) Exercise + OCX 2 (5.1 mg/day). The rats performed treadmill exercise five days a week for 6 weeks. Intramuscular antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) and muscle damage (CK and myoglobin (MYOB) were collected. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and t-test for select variables. The alpha value was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS For the human trial, SJ power lowered in PLA relative to OCX at 24 h Post (-15%, p < 0.05). Decrements in isometric strength from Pre to 48 h Post were greater in the PLA group (-12%, p < 0.05) than in the OCX. Serum CK levels were greater in the PLA compared to the OCX (+14%, p < 0.05). For the animal trial, the intramuscular antioxidant capacity was increased in a general dose-dependent manner (E + Oc2 > E + Oc1 > E > CON). Additionally, CK and MYOB were lower in supplemented compared to E alone. CONCLUSIONS Phytoplankton supplementation (Oceanix) sustains performance and lowers muscle damage across repeated exercise bouts. The ingredient appears to operate through an elevating oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Sharp
- The Applied Science & Performance Institute, Research Division, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; (M.S.); (R.G.); (D.R.); (R.L.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-673-8888
| | - Kazim Sahin
- Animal Nutrition Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23200, Turkey; (K.S.); (C.O.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Matthew Stefan
- The Applied Science & Performance Institute, Research Division, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; (M.S.); (R.G.); (D.R.); (R.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Animal Nutrition Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23200, Turkey; (K.S.); (C.O.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Raad Gheith
- The Applied Science & Performance Institute, Research Division, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; (M.S.); (R.G.); (D.R.); (R.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Dallen Reber
- The Applied Science & Performance Institute, Research Division, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; (M.S.); (R.G.); (D.R.); (R.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Animal Nutrition Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23200, Turkey; (K.S.); (C.O.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Animal Nutrition Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23200, Turkey; (K.S.); (C.O.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Ryan Lowery
- The Applied Science & Performance Institute, Research Division, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; (M.S.); (R.G.); (D.R.); (R.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Shane Durkee
- Lonza Consumer Health Inc., Morristown, NJ 07960, USA;
| | - Jacob Wilson
- The Applied Science & Performance Institute, Research Division, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; (M.S.); (R.G.); (D.R.); (R.L.); (J.W.)
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Li H, Liang M, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Yang L. Rice Protein Exerts Endogenous Antioxidant Capacity via Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase and the Nrf2 Antioxidant System Independent of Age. J Med Food 2020; 23:565-574. [PMID: 32069428 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The major aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rice protein (RP) on the activation of endogenous antioxidant defense in growing and adult rats. After 2 weeks, RP activated nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by suppressing Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and Cullin 3 (Cul3) in growing and adult rats. Compared with casein, the upregulation of antioxidant responsive element (ARE)-driven antioxidant expression levels (glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, glutamate cysteine ligase modulatory subunit, glutathione synthase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, heme oxygenase 1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1) were found in RP groups. Also, RP upregulated methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrA, MsrB2, and MsrB3) expression levels in growing and adult rats. As a result, RP enhanced endogenous antioxidative capacities to reduce hepatic accumulations of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species. This study demonstrates that RP exerts the endogenous antioxidant capacity in growing and adult rats, which is due to stimulating Msr antioxidant expression and activating Nrf2-ARE pathway. Results suggest that the antioxidant activity induced by RP is independent of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Mingcai Liang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Protective Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and Novel Cape Analogue as Inducers of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102441. [PMID: 31108850 PMCID: PMC6567686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease resulting in the destruction of insulin producing β-cells of the pancreas, with consequent insulin deficiency and excessive glucose production. Hyperglycemia results in increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) with consequent oxidative/nitrosative stress and tissue damage. Oxidative damage of the pancreatic tissue may contribute to endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the potentially protective effects of phenethyl ester of caffeic acid (CAPE), a natural phenolic compound occurring in a variety of plants and derived from honeybee hive propolis, and of a novel CAPE analogue, as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducers, could reduce pancreatic oxidative damage induced by excessive amount of glucose, affecting the nitric oxide synthase/dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (NOS/DDAH) pathway in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Our data demonstrated that inducible nitric oxide synthase/gamma-Glutamyl-cysteine ligase (iNOS/GGCL) and DDAH dysregulation may play a key role in high glucose mediated oxidative stress, whereas HO-1 inducers such as CAPE or its more potent derivatives may be useful in diabetes and other stress-induced pathological conditions.
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Khani M, Motamedi P, Dehkhoda MR, Dabagh Nikukheslat S, Karimi P. Effect of thyme extract supplementation on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, PGC-1α content and endurance exercise performance in rats. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2017; 14:11. [PMID: 28439212 PMCID: PMC5401469 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Athletes have a large extent of oxidant agent production. In the current study, we aimed to determine the influence of thyme extract on the endurance exercise performance, mitochondrial biogenesis, and antioxidant status in rats. METHODS Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups receiving either normal drinking water (non-supplemented group, n = 10) or thyme extract, 400 mg/kg, (supplemented group, n = 10). Rats in both groups were subjected to endurance treadmill training (27 m/min, 10% grade, 60 min, and 5 days/week for 8 weeks). Finally, to determine the endurance capacity, time to exhaustion treadmill running at 36 m/min speed was assessed. At the end of the endurance capacity test, serum and soleus muscle samples were collected and their superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured. Protein expression of PGC-1α, as a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis, was also determined in the soleus muscle tissue by immunoblotting assay. RESULTS Findings revealed that the exhaustive running time in the treatment group was significantly (p < 0.05) prolonged. Both serum and soleus muscle MDA levels, as an index of lipid peroxidation, had a threefold increase in the thyme extract supplemented group (t18 = 8.11, p < 0.01; t18 = 4.98, p < 0.01 respectively). The activities of SOD and GPx of the soleus muscle were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the non-supplemented group, while there was no significant difference in serum SOD, GPx activities, and total antioxidant capacity between groups. Furthermore, thyme supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) decreased PGC-1α expression. CONCLUSIONS Thyme extract supplementation increased endurance exercise tolerance in intact animals, although decrease of oxidative stress and regulation of the PGC-1α protein expression are not considered as underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Khani
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pezhman Motamedi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Pouran Karimi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tomasello B, Malfa GA, Strazzanti A, Gangi S, Di Giacomo C, Basile F, Renis M. Effects of physical activity on systemic oxidative/DNA status in breast cancer survivors. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:441-448. [PMID: 28123580 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity offers a paradoxical hormetic effect and a health benefit to cancer survivors; however, the biochemical mechanisms have not been entirely elucidated. Despite the well-documented evidence implicating oxidative stress in breast cancer, the association between health benefits and redox status has not been investigated in survivors who participate in dragon boating. The present study investigated the plasmatic systemic oxidative status (SOS) in breast cancer survivors involved in two distinct physical training exercises. A total of 75 breast cancer survivors were allocated to one of three groups: Control (resting), dragon boat racing and walking group; the latter is a type of aerobic conditioning exercise often advised to cancer patients. Various biochemical oxidative stress markers were examined, including oxidant status (hydroperoxide levels, lipid oxidation) and antioxidant status (enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione levels and antioxidant capability). In addition, the individual DNA fragmentation and DNA repair capability of nucleotide excision repair (NER) systems were examined by comet assays. According to the results, all patients exhibited high levels of oxidative stress. Physical activity maintained this oxidative stress condition but simultaneously had a positive influence on the antioxidant component of the SOS, particularly in the dragon boat racing group. DNA fragmentation, according to the levels of single- and double-strand breaks, were within the normal range in the two survivor groups that were involved in training activities. Radiation-induced damage was not completely recognised or repaired by NER systems in any of the patients, probably leading to radiosensitivity and/or susceptibility of patients to cancer. These findings suggest that physical activity, particularly dragon boat racing, that modulates SOS and DNA repair capability could represent a strategy for enhancing the quality of life and improving the long-term health benefits for breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Strazzanti
- Department of Surgery, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Santi Gangi
- Department of Surgery, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Basile
- Department of Surgery, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Marcella Renis
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
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Acquaviva R, Sorrenti V, Santangelo R, Cardile V, Tomasello B, Malfa G, Vanella L, Amodeo A, Genovese C, Mastrojeni S, Pugliese M, Ragusa M, Di Giacomo C. Effects of an extract of Celtis aetnensis (Tornab.) Strobl twigs on human colon cancer cell cultures. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2298-304. [PMID: 27573437 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the digestive tract, in particular colorectal cancer (CRC), are among those most responsive to dietary modification. Research has shown that approximately 75% of all sporadic cases of CRC are directly influenced by diet. Many natural compounds have been investigated for their potential usefulness as cancer chemopreventive agents as they have been thought to suppress carcinogenesis mainly during the initiation phase due to their radical scavenger activity. Since there is an increasing interest in the in vivo protective effects of natural compounds contained in plants against oxidative damage involved in several human diseases such as cancer, the aim of the present research was to test the effects of a Celtis aetnensis (Tornab.) Strobl twig extract on a human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco2). In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of this extract, LDH release, GSH content, ROS levels, caspase-3 and γ-GCS expression were also evaluated. The results revealed that the Celtis aetnensis extract reduced the cell viability of the Caco2 cells inducing apoptosis at the lowest concentration and necrosis at higher dosages. In addition, this extract caused an increase in the levels of ROS, a decrease in RSH levels and in the expression of HO-1. The expression of γ-GCS was not modified in the Celtis aetnensis-treated Caco-2 cells. These results suggest an interference of this extract on the oxidant/antioxidant cell balance with consequent cell damage. The present study supports the growing body of data suggesting the bioactivities of Celtis aetnensis (Tornab.) Strobl and its potential impact on cancer therapy and on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Santangelo
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malfa
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Amodeo
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Genovese
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Silvana Mastrojeni
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michela Pugliese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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Slattery K, Bentley D, Coutts AJ. The Role of Oxidative, Inflammatory and Neuroendocrinological Systems During Exercise Stress in Athletes: Implications of Antioxidant Supplementation on Physiological Adaptation During Intensified Physical Training. Sports Med 2014; 45:453-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Reliability of a Fully Automated Interpretation of γ -H2AX Foci in Lymphocytes of Moderately Trained Subjects under Resting Conditions. J Nutr Metab 2014; 2014:478324. [PMID: 25147735 PMCID: PMC4132490 DOI: 10.1155/2014/478324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Analysis of γ-H2AX foci is a promising approach to evaluate exercise-induced DNA damage. However, baseline levels and day-to-day variability of γ-H2AX foci have not been investigated in healthy subjects at rest. Methods. Blood was taken from eight moderately trained healthy males (29 ± 3 yrs, 1.84 ± 0.03 m, and 85 ± 6 kg) at two separate days (M1/M2) after 24-hour exercise cessation. Number of γ-H2AX foci per 100 lymphocytes (N), number of foci per affected lymphocyte (NAL), percentage of affected lymphocytes (PAL), and diameter (D) of γ-H2AX foci were analyzed (mean ± SD). Differences between M1 and M2 were analyzed using paired t-tests (α = 0.05). Day-to-day variability was evaluated by calculating the coefficients of variation (CV%), bias, and limits of agreement (LoA). Results. There were no statistically significant differences between M1 (N: 7.6 ± 4.4, NAL: 1.2 ± 0.2, PAL: 5.9 ± 2.6%, and D: 0.63 ± 0.07) and M2 (N: 8.4 ± 4.6, NAL: 1.3 ± 0.1, PAL: 6.9 ± 4.2%, and D: 0.66 ± 0.06). CV was calculated to be 98.5% (N), 88.9% (PAL), 11.3% (NAL), and 8.0% (D). Bias (LoA) was 0.75 (−15.2/13.7), −0.02 (−0.36/0.33), −1.0 (−11.9/9.9), and −0.04 (−0.16/0.09), respectively. Conclusions. Background level in healthy subjects is approximately 0.07 to 0.09 γ-H2AX foci/cell. NAL and D are reliable measures.
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de Oliveira DM, Dourado GKZS, Cesar TB. Hesperidin associated with continuous and interval swimming improved biochemical and oxidative biomarkers in rats. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2013; 10:27. [PMID: 23705637 PMCID: PMC3671129 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-10-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citrus flavonoids, such as hesperidin, have shown therapeutic properties that improve hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, and decrease blood serum lipids and inflammation. The current investigation studied the effects of hesperidin supplementation associated with continuous and interval swimming on the biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides), and oxidative stress markers (TBARS and DPPH) in rats. METHODS The animals (n = 60) were randomly divided in six groups: negative (C) and positive control (CH) for hesperidin supplementation, and continuous or interval swimming without (CS and IS) or with hesperidin supplementation (CSH and ISH). Hesperidin was given by gavage for four weeks (100 mg/kg body mass) before the exercise. Continuous swimming was performed for 50 min with loads from 5% to 8 % of body weight from the first to fourth week, while interval swimming training was performed for 50 min in sessions of 1 min of swimming followed by 2 min of resting, carrying loads from 10% to 15, 20 and 25% from the first to fourth week. At the end of the experiment, blood serum samples were draw to perform analysis of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C and triglycerides. Oxidative biomarkers were evaluated by lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and antioxidant capacity assay (DPPH) of the blood serum. RESULTS There was a continuous decline of serum glucose from C (100%) > CH (97%) > CS (94%) > CSH (91%, p < .05), IS (87%, p < .05) > ISH (80%, p < .05), showing a combined beneficial effect of hesperidin and swimming. Also, continuous or intermittent swimming with hesperidin supplementation lowered total cholesterol (-16%, p < .05), LDL-C (-50%, p < 0.05) and triglycerides (-19%, p < 0.05), and increased HDL-C (48%, p < .05). Furthermore, hesperidin enhanced the antioxidant capacity on the continuous swimming group (183%, p < .05) and lowered the lipid peroxidation on the interval swimming group (-45%, p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Hesperidin supplementation per se, or in combination with swimming exercise protocols, improved the biochemical profile and antioxidant biomarkers evidencing that the use of flavanones may enhance the health benefits promoted by exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Michel de Oliveira
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 1, Araraquara 14802-901, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Borges Cesar
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 1, Araraquara 14802-901, Brazil
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Scholten SD, Sergeev IN. Long-term quercetin supplementation reduces lipid peroxidation but does not improve performance in endurance runners. Open Access J Sports Med 2013; 4:53-61. [PMID: 24379709 PMCID: PMC3871649 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s39632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effects of chronic quercetin supplementation on endurance performance and antioxidant status in long distance runners. We hypothesized that an improved antioxidant status can be associated with enhanced performance. Methods During 6 weeks of supplementation utilizing a double blind, randomized design, young male subjects received quercetin (1000 mg/day) or placebo while maintaining their current training schedules. Results Following the end of the supplementation period, there was a significant time × supplement interaction for serum malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of lipid peroxidation. There were no significant pre- to post-supplement changes in parameter values employed for measuring total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity, and protein oxidation (protein carbonyl) in serum. There were also no significant pre- to post-supplement differences in VO2peak, running economy, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during the 10 km time trial. Conclusion The findings obtained indicate that there is a relationship between quercetin supplementation and the statistically significant decreasing trend in MDA levels following 6 weeks of supplementation and training. This evidence suggests that quercetin can reduce oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation). However, performance improvements were not significant (as measured by VO2peak, running economy, heart rate, and RPE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane D Scholten
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Sioux Falls, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Igor N Sergeev
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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Tomasello B, Grasso S, Malfa G, Stella S, Favetta M, Renis M. Double-Face Activity of Resveratrol in Voluntary Runners: Assessment of DNA Damage by Comet Assay. J Med Food 2012; 15:441-7. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2011.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Grasso
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malfa
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Stella
- Section of Hematology, Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Favetta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcella Renis
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Azqueta A, Collins AR. Carotenoids and DNA damage. Mutat Res 2012; 733:4-13. [PMID: 22465157 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are among the best known antioxidant phytochemicals, and are widely believed to contribute to the health-promoting properties of fruits and vegetables. Investigations of the effects of carotenoids have been carried out at different levels: in cultured cells, in experimental animals, and in humans. Studying reports from the last 5 years, we find a clear distinction between effects of vitamin A and pro-vitamin A carotenoids (the carotenes and β-cryptoxanthin), and effects of non-vitamin A carotenoids (lycopene, lutein, astaxanthin and zeaxanthin). Whereas the latter group are almost invariably reported to protect against DNA damage, whether endogenous or induced by exogenous agents, the provitamin A carotenoids show a more varied spectrum of effects, sometimes protecting and sometimes enhancing DNA damage. The tendency to exacerbate damage is seen mainly at high concentrations, and might be accounted for by pro-oxidant actions of these carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Toxicology, Schools of Pharmacy and Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Peternelj TT, Coombes JS. Antioxidant supplementation during exercise training: beneficial or detrimental? Sports Med 2012; 41:1043-69. [PMID: 22060178 DOI: 10.2165/11594400-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in skeletal muscle during exercise have been associated with muscle damage and impaired muscle function. Supporting endogenous defence systems with additional oral doses of antioxidants has received much attention as a noninvasive strategy to prevent or reduce oxidative stress, decrease muscle damage and improve exercise performance. Over 150 articles have been published on this topic, with almost all of these being small-scale, low-quality studies. The consistent finding is that antioxidant supplementation attenuates exercise-induced oxidative stress. However, any physiological implications of this have yet to be consistently demonstrated, with most studies reporting no effects on exercise-induced muscle damage and performance. Moreover, a growing body of evidence indicates detrimental effects of antioxidant supplementation on the health and performance benefits of exercise training. Indeed, although ROS are associated with harmful biological events, they are also essential to the development and optimal function of every cell. The aim of this review is to present and discuss 23 studies that have shown that antioxidant supplementation interferes with exercise training-induced adaptations. The main findings of these studies are that, in certain situations, loading the cell with high doses of antioxidants leads to a blunting of the positive effects of exercise training and interferes with important ROS-mediated physiological processes, such as vasodilation and insulin signalling. More research is needed to produce evidence-based guidelines regarding the use of antioxidant supplementation during exercise training. We recommend that an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals through a varied and balanced diet remains the best approach to maintain the optimal antioxidant status in exercising individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina-Tinkara Peternelj
- School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Yi B, Hu L, Mei W, Zhou K, Wang H, Luo Y, Wei X, Dai H. Antioxidant phenolic compounds of cassava (Manihot esculenta) from Hainan. Molecules 2011; 16:10157-67. [PMID: 22157579 PMCID: PMC6264345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules161210157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An activity-directed fractionation and purification process was used to isolate antioxidant components from cassava stems produced in Hainan. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed greater DPPH˙and ABTS·+ scavenging activities than other fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to column chromatography, to yield ten phenolic compounds: Coniferaldehyde (1), isovanillin (2), 6-deoxyjacareubin (3), scopoletin (4), syringaldehyde (5), pinoresinol (6), p-coumaric acid (7), ficusol (8), balanophonin (9) and ethamivan (10), which possess significant antioxidant activities. The relative order of DPPH· scavenging capacity for these compounds was ascorbic acid (reference) > 6 > 1 > 8 > 10 > 9 > 3 > 4 > 7 > 5 > 2, and that of ABTS·+ scavenging capacity was 5 > 7 > 1 > 10 > 4 > 6 > 8 > 2 > Trolox (reference compound) > 3 > 9. The results showed that these phenolic compounds contributed to the antioxidant activity of cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu 19A, Beijing 100049, China
- Pharmacy Department of 187 Hospital PLA, Longkun South Road 100, Haikou 571159, China
| | - Lifei Hu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Wenli Mei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Kaibing Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Haofu Dai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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A comparison of skin delivery of ferulic acid and its derivatives: Evaluation of their efficacy and safety. Int J Pharm 2010; 399:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Fang EF, Wong JH, Ng TB. Thermostable Kunitz trypsin inhibitor with cytokine inducing, antitumor and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities from Korean large black soybeans. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 109:211-7. [PMID: 20159565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.08.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A large number of trypsin inhibitors belonging to various types have been purified from different kinds of legumes. In this study, by using liquid chromatography, a Kunitz type trypsin inhibitor (KBTI) with a molecular weight of 20107.645 Da was purified from Korean large black soybeans. KBTI reduced the proteolytic activities of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin with the activity of approximately 8520 BAEE units/mg and approximately 24 BTEE units/mg, respectively. It showed high thermal stability (0-100 degrees C) as well as stability over a large range of pH values (pH 3-11). Furthermore, KBTI inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity with an IC(50) value of 0.71 microM and induced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2 and interferon-gamma at the mRNA level. KBTI exerted weak antiproliferative activity toward CNE-2 and HNE-2 nasopharyngeal cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and Hep G2 hepatoma cells. KBTI was destitute of mitogenic, ribonuclease and antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Fei Fang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Muñoz ME, Galan AI, Palacios E, Diez MA, Muguerza B, Cobaleda C, Calvo JI, Aruoma OI, Sanchez-Garcia I, Jimenez R. Effect of an antioxidant functional food beverage on exercise-induced oxidative stress: a long-term and large-scale clinical intervention study. Toxicology 2009; 278:101-11. [PMID: 19857542 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Revised: 09/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of long-term intake of a novel functional food supplement Funciona™ containing vitamins and juiced fruits was evaluated in order to assess the net effect of physical activity and antioxidant potentials in healthy older adult population. The long-term (2 years) and large-scale (400 older adult subjects) interventional study was based on both moderate-intensity exercise practice and concurrent supplementation. Sustained exercise-induced oxidative stress as reflected in significantly increased blood thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) (+15%), protein carbonyl groups (PC) (+18%) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (+112%) concentrations, and leukocyte 8-OHdG contents (23%). Exercise decreased the reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) molar ratio (-43%) and plasma vitamin C levels (-22%). Supplementation with Funciona™ was significant in preventing oxidative damage to lipid, protein and DNA, and normalizing blood GSSG, GSH/GSSG and vitamin C levels. Thus daily intake of the antioxidant functional beverage counteracts the exercise-induced oxidative stress in free-living older subjects, and might be necessary to restore impaired antioxidant balance due long-term regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Muñoz
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Campus M. Unamuno, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain
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