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Aydemir E, Malkoç Şen E, Aksoy Aydemir G, Bayat AH, Karnaz A, Aydın Türk B. Relationship between histopathological findings of patients with dermatochalasis and vitamin D deficiency. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:309. [PMID: 38960909 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the histopathological findings of patients who had been diagnosed with dermatochalasis (DC) and had undergone upper eyelid blepharoplasty (ULB) as well as those of controls (C-Group) according to their serum vitamin D (SVD) levels. METHODS The prospective study included 136 upper eyelid skin from 68 patients who underwent surgery for DC and 53 upper eyelid skin from 53 patients who underwent levator surgery with ULB. The DC Group was then divided into 3 subgroups according to the marginal reflex distance (MRD4). The lymphatic vessel (LV) count and diameter of the largest LV (DLLV) were recorded, the stromal collagen bed (SCB) was observed, and its depth was measured, the interfibrillar edema was examined, and the elastic fiber and macrophage counts and recorded, respectively, and then all of these were evaluated. The SVD levels were compared between the DC patients and the C-Group. RESULTS In comparison to the C-Group, significant changes were seen in the dilated LV, DLLV, SCB depth, interfibrillar edema, elastic fiber density, and macrophage count in the DC sub-Groups (P < 0.001 for all). While no difference was found between DC sub-Group 1 (MRD4 > 4 mm) and the C-Group (P > 0.05), a significant difference was found between DC sub-Group 2 (MRD4 2-4 mm) and DC sub-Group 3 (MRD4 < 2 mm) for all of the parameters (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was also found in the SVD levels between the DC sub-Group 1 and DC sub-Groups 2-3 (P < 0.017, P < 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSION According to the results of this study, SVD level was significantly lower in DC group. Moreover, an increased LV count and diameter, decreased elastic fiber count, collagen fiber and stromal edema irregularity, and increased macrophage count were found to be associated with the SVD level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Aydemir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya City Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emine Malkoç Şen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Alper Halil Bayat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Karnaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nizip State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Bilge Aydın Türk
- Department of Pathology, Adıyaman University Education and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
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Guo J, Li K, Lin Y, Liu Y. Protective effects and molecular mechanisms of tea polyphenols on cardiovascular diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1202378. [PMID: 37448666 PMCID: PMC10336229 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1202378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most important factor contributing to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the incidence and severity of cardiovascular events tend to increase with age. Currently, CVD is the leading cause of death in the global population. In-depth analysis of the mechanisms and interventions of cardiovascular aging and related diseases is an important basis for achieving healthy aging. Tea polyphenols (TPs) are the general term for the polyhydroxy compounds contained in tea leaves, whose main components are catechins, flavonoids, flavonols, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, condensed phenolic acids and polymeric phenols. Among them, catechins are the main components of TPs. In this article, we provide a detailed review of the classification and composition of teas, as well as an overview of the causes of aging-related CVDs. Then, we focus on ten aspects of the effects of TPs, including anti-hypertension, lipid-lowering effects, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-proliferation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-atherosclerosis, recovery of endothelial function, anti-thrombosis, myocardial protective effect, to improve CVDs and the detailed molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Li
- General Surgery Department, The First People’s Hospital of Tai’an City, Tai’an, China
| | - Yajun Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Aydemir E, Ilhan C, Aksoy Aydemir G, Bayat AH, Bolu S, Asik A. Evaluation of Retinal Structure in Pediatric Subjects With Vitamin D Deficiency. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 233:30-37. [PMID: 34283984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively evaluate the retinal structural parameters of pediatric patients who were determined to be deficient in vitamin D. DESIGN Prospective, cross-sectional study. METHODS Retinal structural parameters, including the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), central macula, retinal layer, and choroidal thicknesses, central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), and central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE), in pediatric subjects with vitamin D deficiency (group 1) and those without (group 2) were compared. RESULTS Group 1 comprised 70 individuals, while group 2 comprised 80 individuals. The mean peripapillary RNFL (except for the nasal superior sector [P = .037]), central macula, and retinal layer thicknesses were also determined to be similar in both groups (P > .05 for both groups). The mean choroidal thickness was lower in the subfoveal (P = .006) and nasal 3000-µm-diameter areas (P = .004) in group 1. The mean CRAE was determined to be lower (P = .031) and the CRVE was higher in group 1 (P = .005); it was determined that there was a significant correlation between the vitamin D level and both the CRAE (r = 0.447, P < .001) and CRVE (r = -0.320, P = .013). CONCLUSION Choroidal thinning, a decrease in the CRAE, and increase in the CRVE were structural changes that occurred in the pediatric subjects who had vitamin D deficiency. The alterations in these parameters became more prominent in pediatric subjects who were determined to have lower vitamin D levels.
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Murugeswari P, Firoz A, Murali S, Vinekar A, Krishna L, Anandula VR, Jeyabalan N, Chevour P, Jayadev C, Shetty R, Carpentier G, Kumaramanickavel G, Ghosh A, Das D. Vitamin-D3 (α-1, 25(OH) 2D3) Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelium From Hyperoxic Insults. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:4. [PMID: 32031576 PMCID: PMC7325624 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxidative stress affects the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) leading to development of vascular eye diseases. Cholecalciferol (VIT-D) is a known modulator of oxidative stress and angiogenesis. This in vitro study was carried out to evaluate the protective role of VIT-D on RPE cells incubated under hyperoxic conditions. Methods Cadaver primary RPE (PRPE) cells were cultured in hyperoxia (40% O2) with or without VIT-D (α-1, 25(OH) 2D3). The functional and physiological effects of PRPE cells with VIT-D treatment were analyzed using molecular and biochemical tools. Results Vascular signaling modulators, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Notch, were reduced in hyperoxic conditions but significantly upregulated in the presence of VIT-D. Additionally, PRPE conditioned medium with VIT-D induced the tubulogenesis in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cells. VIT-D supplementation restored phagocytosis and transmembrane potential in PRPE cells cultured under hyperoxia. Conclusions VIT-D protects RPE cells and promotes angiogenesis under hyperoxic insult. These findings may give impetus to the potential of VIT-D as a therapeutic agent in hyperoxia induced retinal vascular diseases.
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Mao X, Gu C, Chen D, Yu B, He J. Oxidative stress-induced diseases and tea polyphenols. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81649-81661. [PMID: 29113421 PMCID: PMC5655316 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxide species are the middle products of normal metabolism, and play a crucial role in cell signaling transduction. On the contrary, accumulation of excess reactive oxide species results in oxidative stress that often brings multifarious impairment to cells, including decrease of ATP level in cells, elevation of cytosolic Ca2+, DNA damage, dysfunction of biological function in lipid bilayer and so on. These effects will finally lead to all kinds of diseases. Tea polyphenols are widely considered as a kind of excellent antioxidant agents. It can be antioxidants by directly scavenging reactive oxide species or chelating transition metals, and indirectly upregulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, tea polyphenols have also been observed a potent pro-oxidant capacity, which directly leads to the generation of reactive oxide species, and indirectly induces apoptosis and death of cancer cells. The underlying characters of its pro-oxidant activity in some diseases is not well understood. The present review we will discuss the dual character of tea polyphenols, both antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties, in some human diseases induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Mao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsong Gu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
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Molino S, Dossena M, Buonocore D, Ferrari F, Venturini L, Ricevuti G, Verri M. Polyphenols in dementia: From molecular basis to clinical trials. Life Sci 2016; 161:69-77. [PMID: 27493077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is common in the elderly, but there are currently no effective therapies available to prevent or treat this syndrome. In the last decade, polyphenols (particularly curcumin, resveratrol and tea catechins) have been under very close scrutiny as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, inflammatory diseases and aging. Data were collected from Web of Science (ISI Web of Knowledge), Pubmed and Medline (from 2000 to 2015), by searching for the keywords "dementia" AND "curcumin", "resveratrol", "EGCG", "tea catechins". The same keywords were used to investigate the current state of clinical trials recorded in the NIH clinicaltrials.gov registry. Starting from the intrinsic properties of the compounds, we explain their specific action in patients with AD and the most common types of dementia. The pharmacological actions of curcumin, resveratrol and tea catechins have mainly been attributed to their antioxidant activity, interaction with cell signaling pathways, anti-inflammatory effect, chelation of metal ions, and neuroprotection. Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies on polyphenols have demonstrated that they may play an integral role in preventing and treating diseases associated with neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we critically analyze the clinical trials that we found, which investigate the real pharmacological actions and the possible side effects of these compounds. This review highlights the potential role of polyphenols in the prevention/treatment of dementia and describes the current limitations of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Molino
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Maurizia Dossena
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Federica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy
| | - Letizia Venturini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Divisione di Geriatria - ASP - IDR S. Margherita - Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Emilia, 12-27100, Pavia, (PV), Italy
| | - Giovanni Ricevuti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Divisione di Geriatria - ASP - IDR S. Margherita - Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Emilia, 12-27100, Pavia, (PV), Italy
| | - Manuela Verri
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 9-27100, Pavia (PV), Italy.
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Green tea polyphenols and their potential role in health and disease. Inflammopharmacology 2015; 23:151-61. [PMID: 26164000 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-015-0236-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that plant polyphenols such as resveratrol, anthocyanins, catechins, and terpenes like taxol are effectively used in the treatment of chronic conditions including cancer, Alzheimer, Parkinsonism, diabetes, aging, etc. The link between oxidative stress and inflammation is well accepted. Thus, the mechanism of action of these natural products is partly believed to be through their significant antioxidant properties. The main constituent of green tea, with clinical significance, is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). It has been associated with antitumor, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-aging properties, improve redox status at the tissue level possibly preventing system level structural damage. This review focuses on EGCG and its potential therapeutic role in health and disease.
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Wang Y, Wang B, Du F, Su X, Sun G, Zhou G, Bian X, Liu N. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal interstitial fibrosis in mice. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 63:270-9. [PMID: 25549657 DOI: 10.1369/0022155414568019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of tubulointerstitial fibrosis is regarded as an important determinant of renal prognosis. Therapeutic strategies targeting tubulointerstitial fibrosis have been considered to have potential in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, against renal interstitial fibrosis in mice. EGCG was administrated intraperitoneally for 14 days in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The results of our histological examination showed that EGCG alleviated glomerular and tubular injury and attenuated renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO mice. Furthermore, the inflammatory responses induced by UUO were inhibited, as represented by decreased macrophage infiltration and inflammatory cytokine production. Additionally, the expression of type I and III collagen in the kidney were reduced by EGCG, which indicated an inhibition of extracellular matrix accumulation. EGCG also caused an up-regulation in α-smooth muscle actin expression and a down-regulation in E-cadherin expression, indicating the inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These changes were found to be in parallel with the decreased level of TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that EGCG could attenuate renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO mice, and this renoprotective effect might be associated with its effects of inflammatory responses alleviation and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China (YW, FD, XS, GS, GZ, XB)
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China(BW)
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China(BW)
| | - Xuesong Su
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China (YW, FD, XS, GS, GZ, XB)
| | - Guangping Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China (YW, FD, XS, GS, GZ, XB)
| | - Guangyu Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China(BW)
| | - Xiaohui Bian
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, People's Republic of China (YW, FD, XS, GS, GZ, XB)
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Ordos Central Hospital, People's Republic of China (NL)
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Shen CL, Chen L, Wang S, Chyu MC. Effects of dietary fat levels and feeding durations on musculoskeletal health in female rats. Food Funct 2014; 5:598-604. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60334b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Singh A, Falk MK, Subhi Y, Sørensen TL. The association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and subgroups in age-related macular degeneration: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70948. [PMID: 23923033 PMCID: PMC3726594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate potential differences in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin in subtypes of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and in patients in Clinical Age-Related Maculopathy Staging (CARMS) group 5 with or without subretinal fibrosis. METHODS This single-center cross-sectional study included 178 participants during a period of 20 months. Ninety-five patients belonged to CARMS 5; twelve belonged to CARMS 4; twenty-two belonged to CARMS 2 or 3; and 49 individuals did not have AMD (CARMS 1). Following a structured interview, a detailed bilateral retinal examination was performed and participants were allocated to their respective subgroups in accordance with the Clinical Age-Related Maculopathy Staging system. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes and genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D metabolism. Differences in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined in the subgroups as well as between patients in CARMS 5 with or without subretinal fibrosis. RESULTS Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was comparable in patients across CARMS groups 1 to 5 (p = 0.83). In CARMS 5, the presence of subretinal fibrosis was associated with significantly lower concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D as compared to the absence of subretinal fibrosis (47.2 versus 75.6 nmol/L, p<0.001). Patients in CARMS 5 with subretinal fibrosis were more likely to have insufficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D compared to patients without subretinal fibrosis (p = 0.006). No association was found between the SNPs rs10877012, rs2228570, rs4588, or rs7041 and AMD subgroups or plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin levels. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the presence of subretinal fibrosis in patients belonging to CARMS 5 may be associated with a poor vitamin D status. Our observations warrant further investigation into the role of vitamin D in the development of subretinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amardeep Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Eye Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
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Piao XX, Han HM. Relationship between vitamin D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:766-772. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i9.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is an important secosteroid hormone with pleiotropic effects, including regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and immunomodulation. Recently certain evidence has indicated that insufficiency of vitamin D or vitamin D deficiency is related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Subjects with NAFLD have lower serum vitamin D levels than controls, and low vitamin D levels are closely associated with histologic severity of steatosis, necrosis, inflammation and fibrosis in NAFLD. Vitamin D-deficient diet aggravated high fat diet-induced hepatic inflammation in NAFLD models, while vitamin D supplementation improved hepatic histopathology. Vitamin D may act as a regulator in NAFLD through activating VDR and controlling various genes. Modulating hepatic stellate cells is an important mechanism underlying the antifibrotic effect of vitamin D in NAFLD. Vitamin D is a potential drug for treatment for NAFLD, and further prospective RCT studies are required to acquire sufficient evidence.
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