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Ali A, Wang N, Wang Q, Xu G, Xu H. An approach to evaluating seasonal responses to acute toxicity of antibiotic nitrofurazone on periphytic ciliated protist communities in marine environments. Eur J Protistol 2024; 94:126081. [PMID: 38626537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Periphytic protists including ciliates are the primary components of microbial communities in which they play a vital role in the progression of food webs by moving resources from lower to higher trophic levels. However, the toxic effects of veterinary antibiotics on periphytic protists across four seasons are minimally understood. Therefore, in this study, a 1-year survey was conducted with the antibiotic nitrofurazone (NFZ) applied at concentrations of 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg/L. Samples of protist communities were collected using microscope glass slides during four seasons in the coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, Qingdao, northern China. The abundance of protists dropped with an increase in NFZ concentrations, and almost all species were dead at a concentration of 12.0 mg/L. The 12 h-LC50 values of NFZ for the protist biota were similar among the four seasons, despite significant seasonal variability in the community structure. The present results suggest that the periphytic protist biota may be used as a biomarker for assessing the ecotoxicity of NFZ in marine environments regardless of the year season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qiaoling Wang
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guangjian Xu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Henglong Xu
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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2
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Kazmi SSUH, Saqib HSA, Pastorino P, Grossart HP, Yaseen ZM, Abualreesh MH, Liu W, Wang Z. Influence of the antibiotic nitrofurazone on community dynamics of marine periphytic ciliates: Evidence from community-based bioassays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166687. [PMID: 37659544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine periphytic ciliates play a pivotal role in shaping coastal ecosystems dynamics, thereby acting as robust biological indicators of aquatic ecosystem health and functionality. However, the understanding of the effects of veterinary antibiotics on composition and structure of periphytic ciliate communities remains limited. Therefore, this research investigates the influence of the veterinary antibiotic nitrofurazone on the community dynamics of marine periphytic ciliates through bioassay experiments conducted over a one-year cycle. Various concentrations of nitrofurazone were administered to the tested ciliate assemblages, and subsequent changes in community composition, abundance, and diversity were quantitatively analyzed. The research revealed significant alterations in periphytic ciliate communities following exposure to nitrofurazone. Concentration-dependent (0-8 mg L-1) decrease in ciliates abundance, accompanied by shifts in species composition, community structure, and community patterns were observed. Comprehensive assessment of diversity metrics indicated significant changes in species richness and evenness in the presence of nitrofurazone, potentially disrupting the stability of ciliate communities. Furthermore, nitrofurazone significantly influenced the community structure of ciliates in all seasons (winter: R2 = 0.489; spring: R2 = 0.666; summer: R2 = 0.700, autumn: R2 = 0.450), with high toxic potential in treatments 4 and 8 mg L-1. Differential abundances of ciliates varied across seasons and nitrofurazone treatments, some orders like Pleurostomatida were consistently affected, while others (i.e., Strombidida and Philasterida) showed irregular distributions or were evenly affected (e.g., Urostylida and Synhymeniida). Retrieved contrasting patterns between nitrofurazone and community responses underscore the broad response repertoire exhibited by ciliates to antibiotic exposure, suggesting potential cascading effects on associated ecological processes in the periphyton community. These findings significantly enhance the understanding of the ecological impacts of nitrofurazone on marine periphytic ciliate communities, emphasizing the imperative for vigilant monitoring and regulation of veterinary antibiotics to protect marine ecosystem health and biodiversity. Further research is required to explore the long-term effects of nitrofurazone exposure and evaluate potential strategies to reduce the ecological repercussions of antibiotics in aquatic environments, with a particular focus on nitrofurazone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shabi Ul Hassan Kazmi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Biochemistry and Biological Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah 64001, Iraq.
| | - Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, (IGB), Alte Fischerhuette 2, Neuglobsow 16775, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, Potsdam 14469, Germany
| | - Zaher Mundher Yaseen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muyassar H Abualreesh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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3
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Rojas-Sánchez E, Jiménez-Soto M, Barquero-Calvo E, Duarte-Martínez F, Mollenkopf DF, Wittum TE, Muñoz-Vargas L. Prevalence Estimation, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Serotyping of Salmonella enterica Recovered from New World Non-Human Primates ( Platyrrhini), Feed, and Environmental Surfaces from Wildlife Centers in Costa Rica. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050844. [PMID: 37237747 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Concern about zoonoses and wildlife has increased. Few studies described the role of wild mammals and environments in the epidemiology of Salmonella. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem associated with Salmonella that threatens global health, food security, the economy, and development in the 21st century. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and identify antibiotic susceptibility profiles and serotypes of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica recovered from non-human primate feces, feed offered, and surfaces in wildlife centers in Costa Rica. A total of 180 fecal samples, 133 environmental, and 43 feed samples from 10 wildlife centers were evaluated. We recovered Salmonella from 13.9% of feces samples, 11.3% of environmental, and 2.3% of feed samples. Non-susceptibility profiles included six isolates from feces (14.6%): four non-susceptible isolates (9.8%) to ciprofloxacin, one (2.4%) to nitrofurantoin, and one to both ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin (2.4%). Regarding the environmental samples, one profile was non-susceptible to ciprofloxacin (2.4%) and two to nitrofurantoin (4.8%). The serotypes identified included Typhimurium/I4,[5],12:i:-, S. Braenderup/Ohio, S. Newport, S. Anatum/Saintpaul, and S. Westhampton. The epidemiological surveillance of Salmonella and antimicrobial resistance can serve in the creation of strategies for the prevention of the disease and its dissemination throughout the One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Rojas-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública e Inocuidad de Alimentos, Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (PIET), Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
- Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
| | - Mauricio Jiménez-Soto
- Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
| | - Elias Barquero-Calvo
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (PIET), Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
| | - Francisco Duarte-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biología Molecular, Centro Nacional de Referencia de Inocuidad Microbiológica de Alimentos, Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud, Cartago 30301, Costa Rica
| | - Dixie F Mollenkopf
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas E Wittum
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lohendy Muñoz-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública e Inocuidad de Alimentos, Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (PIET), Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
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Ferri G, Lauteri C, Scattolini M, Vergara A. Antibiotic Resistance Profiles and ARG Detection from Isolated Bacteria in a Culture-Dependent Study at the Codfish Industry Level. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081699. [PMID: 37107494 PMCID: PMC10137873 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic resistance phenomenon horizontally involves numerous bacteria cultured from fresh or processed seafood matrix microbiomes. In this study, the identified bacteria from food-producing processes and industrial environments were screened for phenotypic and genotypic resistance determinants. A total of 684 bacterial strains [537 from processed codfish (Gadus morhua and Gadus macrocephalus) products as salted and seasoned and soaked and 147 from environmental samples] were isolated. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed resistance against tetracycline, oxacillin, and clindamycin in the Staphylococcus genus (both from food and environmental samples) and against beta-lactams (cefotaxime, carbapenems, etc.) and nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin) from E. coli and Salmonella enterica serovar. Enteritidis isolates. One-thousand and ten genetic determinants-tetracycline tetC (25.17%), tetK (21.06%), tetL (11.70%), clindamycin ermC (17.23%), ermB (7.60%), linezolid cfr (8.22%), optrA (3.62%), poxtA (2.05%), and oxacillin mecA (17.37%)-were amplified from Gram-positive resistant and phenotypically susceptible bacteria. Concerning Gram-negative bacteria, the beta-lactam-resistant genes (blaTEM, blaCIT, blaCTX-M, blaIMP, blaKPC, blaOXA-48-like) represented 57.30% of the amplified ARGs. This study found high antibiotic resistance genes in circulation in the fish food industry chain from the macro- to microenvironment. The obtained data confirmed the diffusion of the "antibiotic resistance phenomenon" and its repercussions on the One-health and food-producing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Ferri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Post-Graduate Specialization School in Food Inspection "G. Tiecco", University of Teramo, Strada Provinciale 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carlotta Lauteri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Post-Graduate Specialization School in Food Inspection "G. Tiecco", University of Teramo, Strada Provinciale 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Vergara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Post-Graduate Specialization School in Food Inspection "G. Tiecco", University of Teramo, Strada Provinciale 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Vázquez X, Fernández J, Rodríguez-Lozano J, Calvo J, Rodicio R, Rodicio MR. Genomic Analysis of Two MDR Isolates of Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis from a Spanish Hospital Bearing the blaCTX-M-65 Gene with or without fosA3 in pESI-like Plasmids. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:786. [PMID: 35740192 PMCID: PMC9219668 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) is a broiler-associated pathogen which ranks in the fourth position as a cause of human salmonellosis in the European Union. Here, we report a comparative genomic analysis of two clinical S. Infantis isolates recovered in Spain from children who just returned from Peru. The isolates were selected on the basis of resistance to cefotaxime, one of the antibiotics of choice for treatment of S. enterica infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that they were resistant to eight classes of antimicrobial agents: penicillins, cephalosporins, phenicols, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, inhibitors of folate synthesis, (fluoro)quinolones and nitrofurans, and one of them was also resistant to fosfomycin. As shown by whole-genome sequence analysis, each isolate carried a pESI-like megaplasmid of ca. 300 kb harboring multiple resistance genes [blaCTX-M-65, aph(4)-Ia, aac(3)-IVa, aph(3')-Ia, floR, dfrA14, sul1, tet(A), aadA1 ± fosA3], as well as genes for resistance to heavy metals and disinfectants (mer, ars and qacEΔ1). These genes were distributed in two complex regions, separated by DNA belonging to the plasmid backbone, and associated with a wealth of transposable elements. The two isolates had a D87Y amino acid substitution in the GyrA protein, and truncated variants of the nitroreductase genes nfsA and nsfB, accounting for chromosomally encoded resistances to nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin, respectively. The two S. Infantis isolates were assigned to sequence type ST32 by in silico multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they were closely related, differing only by 12 SNPs, although they were recovered from different children two years apart. They were also genetically similar to blaCTX-M-65-positive ± fosA3 isolates obtained from humans and along the poultry production chain in the USA, South America, as well as from humans in several European countries, usually associated with a travel history to America. However, this is the first time that the S. Infantis blaCTX-M-65 ± fosA3 MDR clone has been reported in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Vázquez
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo (UO), 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.F.); (R.R.)
| | - Javier Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.F.); (R.R.)
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Research & Innovation, Artificial Intelligence and Statistical Department, Pragmatech AI Solutions, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, 20029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Lozano
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (J.R.-L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jorge Calvo
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (J.R.-L.); (J.C.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosaura Rodicio
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.F.); (R.R.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo (UO), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - M. Rosario Rodicio
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo (UO), 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.F.); (R.R.)
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Lauteri C, Maggio F, Serio A, Festino AR, Paparella A, Vergara A. Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella spp. Isolates Obtained From the Swine Food Chain by Using Essential Oils: An in vitro Study. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:808286. [PMID: 35222307 PMCID: PMC8863735 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.808286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern, and new approaches are needed to circumvent animal and food-borne resistant pathogens. Among the new strategies, the combination of antibiotics with natural compounds such as essential oils (EOs) could be an alternative to challenge bacterial resistance. The present study evaluates the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance of 36 Salmonella enterica (16 S. Typhimurium, 3 monophasic variant S. Typhimurium, 8 S. Enteritidis, 6 S. Rissen, 1 S. Typhi, and 2 S. Derby) strains, isolated from the swine production chain. The isolates displayed phenotypic resistance to gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin, and tetracycline, while the resistance genes most commonly detected were parC, catA, nfsB, nfsA, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB. Then 31/36 Salmonella isolates were chosen to evaluate resistance to tetracycline and Thymus vulgaris, Eugenia caryophyllata, and Corydothymus capitatus EOs by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Finally, the synergistic effect between tetracycline and each EOs was evaluated by the checkerboard method, calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. Among the EOs, C. capitatus displayed the best bioactivity in terms of MICs, with the lowest values (0.31 and 0.625 μl/ml). On the contrary, the strains showed the ability to grow in the presence of the maximum concentration of tetracycline employed (256 μg/ml). While not displaying a real synergism according to the FIC index, the combination of tetracycline compounds and the three EOs resulted in a significant reduction in the MIC values to tetracycline (4 μg/ml), suggesting a restoration of the susceptibility to the antibiotic in Salmonella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Lauteri
- Section of Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Specialization in Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin, “G. Tiecco” University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Maggio
- Section of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Serio
- Section of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Festino
- Section of Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Specialization in Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin, “G. Tiecco” University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonello Paparella
- Section of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Vergara
- Section of Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Specialization in Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin, “G. Tiecco” University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Kazmi SSUH, Xu H, Xuexi T. An approach to determining the nitrofurazone-induced toxic dynamics for ecotoxicity assessment using protozoan periphytons in marine ecosystems. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113329. [PMID: 35066415 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With several observable responses and sensitivity of protozoans to nitrofurazone (NFZ), the toxic effects of NFZ on protozoans can be an early warning signal of NFZ contamination in the aquatic environment. To evaluate the toxic dynamics induced by NFZ, protozoan samples were collected using microscopy glass slides and exposed to the five concentrations of NFZ: 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg ml-1. Substantial differences in the species composition and toxic-dynamics patterns were observed among all concentrations. Briefly, periphytic euplotids and pleurostomatids were the most prevalent at each concentration level, while dysteriids were less dominant among all treatments. Multivariate analysis revealed significant (P < 0.05) differences in the taxonomic patterns of the test organisms among the five treatments. Furthermore, significant deviation of protozoan communities from the expected taxonomic breadth was observed to occur in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these findings, it is suggested that protozoan periphytons could be used as bioindicators to assess the ecotoxicity of NFZ in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henglong Xu
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Tang Xuexi
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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8
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Kubicek-Sutherland JZ, Xie G, Shakya M, Dighe PK, Jacobs LL, Daligault H, Davenport K, Stromberg LR, Stromberg ZR, Cheng Q, Kempaiah P, Ong’echa JM, Otieno V, Raballah E, Anyona S, Ouma C, Chain PSG, Perkins DJ, Mukundan H, McMahon BH, Doggett NA. Comparative genomic and phenotypic characterization of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Siaya, Kenya. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008991. [PMID: 33524010 PMCID: PMC7877762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a major global health concern that often causes bloodstream infections in areas of the world affected by malnutrition and comorbidities such as HIV and malaria. Developing a strategy to control the emergence and spread of highly invasive and antimicrobial resistant NTS isolates requires a comprehensive analysis of epidemiological factors and molecular pathogenesis. Here, we characterize 11 NTS isolates that caused bloodstream infections in pediatric patients in Siaya, Kenya from 2003-2010. Nine isolates were identified as S. Typhimurium sequence type 313 while the other two were S. Enteritidis. Comprehensive genotypic and phenotypic analyses were performed to compare these isolates to those previously identified in sub-Saharan Africa. We identified a S. Typhimurium isolate referred to as UGA14 that displayed novel plasmid, pseudogene and resistance features as compared to other isolates reported from Africa. Notably, UGA14 is able to ferment both lactose and sucrose due to the acquisition of insertion elements on the pKST313 plasmid. These findings show for the first time the co-evolution of plasmid-mediated lactose and sucrose metabolism along with cephalosporin resistance in NTS further elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms of invasive NTS phenotypes. These results further support the use of combined genomic and phenotypic approaches to detect and characterize atypical NTS isolates in order to advance biosurveillance efforts that inform countermeasures aimed at controlling invasive and antimicrobial resistant NTS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary Xie
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
| | - Migun Shakya
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
| | - Priya K. Dighe
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
| | - Lindsey L. Jacobs
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
| | | | - Karen Davenport
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
| | | | | | - Qiuying Cheng
- Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Prakasha Kempaiah
- Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - John Michael Ong’echa
- University of New Mexico/KEMRI Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Vincent Otieno
- University of New Mexico/KEMRI Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Evans Raballah
- University of New Mexico/KEMRI Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public Health, Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Samuel Anyona
- University of New Mexico/KEMRI Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Collins Ouma
- University of New Mexico/KEMRI Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | | | - Douglas J. Perkins
- Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- University of New Mexico/KEMRI Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Harshini Mukundan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Norman A. Doggett
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
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9
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Wang K, Kou Y, Wang M, Ma X, Wang J. Determination of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Fish by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array Detection with Thermostatic Ultrasound-Assisted Derivatization. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:18887-18893. [PMID: 32775890 PMCID: PMC7408213 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrofuran (NF) is a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are used illegally in animal feeding. NF and its metabolites have proven to pose potential risk to human health. To address the current analytical needs to quantify low levels of NF metabolites in animal foods, a sensitive method was developed for simultaneous detection of four NF metabolites in fish products by an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UPLC-DAD). With 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (2-NBA) as the derivatizing reagent, the metabolites were hydrolyzed and derivatized under the assistance of thermostatic ultrasound. Compared with the current detection methods, the time of the derivatization reaction has been shortened from 16 to 2 h. The relative coefficient of four NF metabolite derivatives reached more than 0.998, with excellent linear relationship. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) of six repeated determinations reached 0.25-0.33 and 0.80-1.10 μg/kg, respectively. For all four NF metabolites, the limit of detection of the method was below the minimum required performance limit (MRPL) of 1.0 μg/kg, which makes it compatible with the EU requirements. The recoveries ranging from 89.8 to 101.9% with relative standard deviation below 6.5% were obtained for all of the NF metabolites. What's more, this method was successfully applied for the determination of four NF metabolites in the fish products. As a promising approach, this method could also be extended for the quantitation of NF metabolites in aquaculture and poultry products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Wang
- Xinjiang
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yuli Kou
- Xinjiang
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Jide Wang
- Xinjiang
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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10
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Bawn M, Alikhan NF, Thilliez G, Kirkwood M, Wheeler NE, Petrovska L, Dallman TJ, Adriaenssens EM, Hall N, Kingsley RA. Evolution of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium driven by anthropogenic selection and niche adaptation. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008850. [PMID: 32511244 PMCID: PMC7302871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a leading cause of gastroenteritis and bacteraemia worldwide, and a model organism for the study of host-pathogen interactions. Two S. Typhimurium strains (SL1344 and ATCC14028) are widely used to study host-pathogen interactions, yet genotypic variation results in strains with diverse host range, pathogenicity and risk to food safety. The population structure of diverse strains of S. Typhimurium revealed a major phylogroup of predominantly sequence type 19 (ST19) and a minor phylogroup of ST36. The major phylogroup had a population structure with two high order clades (α and β) and multiple subclades on extended internal branches, that exhibited distinct signatures of host adaptation and anthropogenic selection. Clade α contained a number of subclades composed of strains from well characterized epidemics in domesticated animals, while clade β contained multiple subclades associated with wild avian species. The contrasting epidemiology of strains in clade α and β was reflected by the distinct distribution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, accumulation of hypothetically disrupted coding sequences (HDCS), and signatures of functional diversification. These observations were consistent with elevated anthropogenic selection of clade α lineages from adaptation to circulation in populations of domesticated livestock, and the predisposition of clade β lineages to undergo adaptation to an invasive lifestyle by a process of convergent evolution with of host adapted Salmonella serotypes. Gene flux was predominantly driven by acquisition and recombination of prophage and associated cargo genes, with only occasional loss of these elements. The acquisition of large chromosomally-encoded genetic islands was limited, but notably, a feature of two recent pandemic clones (DT104 and monophasic S. Typhimurium ST34) of clade α (SGI-1 and SGI-4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Bawn
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gaëtan Thilliez
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Kirkwood
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole E. Wheeler
- Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy J. Dallman
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Neil Hall
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. Kingsley
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
- University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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11
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Dong X, Gao Y, Zhang X, Yuan J, Li P, Xing C, Yan W. Multiplex europium (III) nanoparticles immunochromatographic assay method for the detection of four nitrofuran metabolites in fish sample. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Campos J, Mourão J, Peixe L, Antunes P. Non-typhoidal Salmonella in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health. Pathogens 2019; 8:E19. [PMID: 30700039 PMCID: PMC6470815 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonellosis remains one of the most frequent foodborne zoonosis, constituting a worldwide major public health concern. The most frequent sources of human infections are food products of animal origin, being pork meat one of the most relevant. Currently, particular pig food production well-adapted and persistent Salmonella enterica serotypes (e.g., Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:-, Salmonella Derby and Salmonella Rissen) are frequently reported associated with human infections in diverse industrialized countries. The dissemination of those clinically-relevant Salmonella serotypes/clones has been related to the intensification of pig production chain and to an increase in the international trade of pigs and pork meat. Those changes that occurred over the years along the food chain may act as food chain drivers leading to new problems and challenges, compromising the successful control of Salmonella. Among those, the emergence of antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella associated with antimicrobials use in the pig production chain is of special concern for public health. The transmission of pig-related multidrug-resistant Salmonella serotypes, clones and/or genetic elements carrying clinically-relevant antibiotic resistance genes, frequently associated with metal tolerance genes, from pigs and pork meat to humans, has been reported and highlights the contribution of different drivers to the antibiotic resistance burden. Gathered data strengthen the need for global mandatory interventions and strategies for effective Salmonella control and surveillance across the pig production chain. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the role of pig and pork meat in human salmonellosis at a global scale, highlighting the main factors contributing to the persistence and dissemination of clinically-relevant pig-related Salmonella serotypes and clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Campos
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Mourão
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Peixe
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Antunes
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
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de Almeida FA, Carneiro DG, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Barros E, Pinto UM, de Oliveira LL, Vanetti MCD. N-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone influences the levels of thiol and proteins related to oxidation-reduction process in Salmonella. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204673. [PMID: 30304064 PMCID: PMC6179229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing is a cell-cell communication mechanism mediated by chemical signals that leads to differential gene expression in response to high population density. Salmonella is unable to synthesize the autoinducer-1 (AI-1), N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL), but is able to recognize AHLs produced by other microorganisms through SdiA protein. This study aimed to evaluate the fatty acid and protein profiles of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis PT4 578 throughout time of cultivation in the presence of AHL. The presence of N-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) altered the fatty acid and protein profiles of Salmonella cultivated during 4, 6, 7, 12 and 36 h in anaerobic condition. The profiles of Salmonella Enteritidis at logarithmic phase of growth (4 h of cultivation), in the presence of C12-HSL, were similar to those of cells at late stationary phase (36 h). In addition, there was less variation in both protein and fatty acid profiles along growth, suggesting that this quorum sensing signal anticipated a stationary phase response. The presence of C12-HSL increased the abundance of thiol related proteins such as Tpx, Q7CR42, Q8ZP25, YfgD, AhpC, NfsB, YdhD and TrxA, as well as the levels of free cellular thiol after 6 h of cultivation, suggesting that these cells have greater potential to resist oxidative stress. Additionally, the LuxS protein which synthesizes the AI-2 signaling molecule was differentially abundant in the presence of C12-HSL. The NfsB protein had its abundance increased in the presence of C12-HSL at all evaluated times, which is a suggestion that the cells may be susceptible to the action of nitrofurans or that AHLs present some toxicity. Overall, the presence of C12-HSL altered important pathways related to oxidative stress and stationary phase response in Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edvaldo Barros
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Uelinton Manoel Pinto
- Food Research Center, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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