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Tandon I, Woessner AE, Ferreira LA, Shamblin C, Vaca-Diez G, Walls A, Kuczwara P, Applequist A, Nascimento DF, Tandon S, Kim JW, Rausch M, Timek T, Padala M, Kinter MT, Province D, Byrum SD, Quinn KP, Balachandran K. A three-dimensional valve-on-chip microphysiological system implicates cell cycle progression, cholesterol metabolism and protein homeostasis in early calcific aortic valve disease progression. Acta Biomater 2024; 186:167-184. [PMID: 39084496 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is one of the most common forms of valvulopathy, with a 50 % elevated risk of a fatal cardiovascular event, and greater than 15,000 annual deaths in North America alone. The treatment standard is valve replacement as early diagnostic, mitigation, and drug strategies remain underdeveloped. The development of early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies requires the fabrication of effective in vitro valve mimetic models to elucidate early CAVD mechanisms. METHODS In this study, we developed a multilayered physiologically relevant 3D valve-on-chip (VOC) system that incorporated aortic valve mimetic extracellular matrix (ECM), porcine aortic valve interstitial cell (VIC) and endothelial cell (VEC) co-culture and dynamic mechanical stimuli. Collagen and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) based hydrogels were assembled in a bilayer to mimic healthy or diseased compositions of the native fibrosa and spongiosa. Multiphoton imaging and proteomic analysis of healthy and diseased VOCs were performed. RESULTS Collagen-based bilayered hydrogel maintained the phenotype of the VICs. Proteins related to cellular processes like cell cycle progression, cholesterol biosynthesis, and protein homeostasis were found to be significantly altered and correlated with changes in cell metabolism in diseased VOCs. This study suggested that diseased VOCs may represent an early, adaptive disease initiation stage, which was corroborated by human aortic valve proteomic assessment. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we developed a collagen-based bilayered hydrogel to mimic healthy or diseased compositions of the native fibrosa and spongiosa layers. When the gels were assembled in a VOC with VECs and VICs, the diseased VOCs revealed key insights about the CAVD initiation process. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) elevates the risk of death due to cardiovascular pathophysiology by 50 %, however, prevention and mitigation strategies are lacking, clinically. Developing tools to assess early disease would significantly aid in the prevention of disease and in the development of therapeutics. Previously, studies have utilized collagen and glycosaminoglycan-based hydrogels for valve cell co-cultures, valve cell co-cultures in dynamic environments, and inorganic polymer-based multilayered hydrogels; however, these approaches have not been combined to make a physiologically relevant model for CAVD studies. We fabricated a bi-layered hydrogel that closely mimics the aortic valve and used it for valve cell co-culture in a dynamic platform to gain mechanistic insights into the CAVD initiation process using proteomic and multiphoton imaging assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Alan E Woessner
- Arkansas Integrative Metabolic Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Laίs A Ferreira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | | | - Gustavo Vaca-Diez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Amanda Walls
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Patrick Kuczwara
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Alexis Applequist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Denise F Nascimento
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Swastika Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Manuel Rausch
- Departments of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Engineering and Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Tomasz Timek
- Meijer Heart and Vascular Institute at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Muralidhar Padala
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Joseph P. Whitehead Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael T Kinter
- Aging & Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Dennis Province
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kyle P Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Arkansas Integrative Metabolic Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
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Picoli CDC, Birbrair A, Li Z. Pericytes as the Orchestrators of Vasculature and Adipogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:126. [PMID: 38275607 PMCID: PMC10815550 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pericytes (PCs) are located surrounding the walls of small blood vessels, particularly capillaries and microvessels. In addition to their functions in maintaining vascular integrity, participating in angiogenesis, and regulating blood flow, PCs also serve as a reservoir for multi-potent stem/progenitor cells in white, brown, beige, and bone marrow adipose tissues. Due to the complex nature of this cell population, the identification and characterization of PCs has been challenging. A comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity of PCs may enhance their potential as therapeutic targets for metabolic syndromes or bone-related diseases. This mini-review summarizes multiple PC markers commonly employed in lineage-tracing studies, with an emphasis on their contribution to adipogenesis and functions in different adipose depots under diverse metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Medical Sciences Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Ziru Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA;
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Lu AZ, Chandra D, Chandra SR, James AW, Ching-Yun Hsu G. Differential pericyte marker expression in craniofacial benign and malignant vascular tumors. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:660-665. [PMID: 37336496 PMCID: PMC11042677 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular anomalies and tumors are common in the head, neck, and craniofacial areas and are associated with abnormalities in the angiomatous architecture. However, the etiology and molecular basis for the pathogenesis of most vascular lesions are still unknown. Pericytes are mural cells that surround endothelial cells. Besides angiogenesis and other physiological functions, pericytes play an important role in vascularized tissue repair and as resident mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells. Perivascular cells demonstrate a distinct immunohistochemical profile, including expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), CD146, CD105, and PDGFRβ, without endothelial differentiation (absence of CD31 and CD34 immunoreactivity). These pericyte markers have been shown to be expressed in soft tissue hemangiomas. However, they have not been fully examined in intraosseous hemangiomas. METHODS In this study, we compared mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) expression of CD146 and α-SMA markers in pericytes from hemangiomas from different tissues and malignant vascular tumors. RESULTS The results demonstrated an increased expression of pericyte markers in perivascular cells of benign hemangiomas, especially intraosseous hemangiomas and a significantly reduced expression of pericyte markers in malignant angiosarcomas. CONCLUSION The evidence provides insight into the function of pericytes in vascular tumors and suggests their role in vascular tumor disease types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Z. Lu
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021
| | - Dave Chandra
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, 97201
| | - Srinivasa R. Chandra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 97201
| | - Aaron W. James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, 21205
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4
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Perrino BA, Malogan J, Cobine CA, Sasse KC. Mfge8 is expressed by pericytes in gastric antrum submucosa from patients with obesity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C992-C1006. [PMID: 36939201 PMCID: PMC10110711 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00043.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The main function of the stomach is to digest ingested food. Gastric antrum muscular contractions mix ingested food with digestive enzymes and stomach acid and propel the chyme through the pyloric sphincter at a rate in which the small intestine can process the chyme for optimal nutrient absorption. Mfge8 binding to α8β1 integrins helps regulate gastric emptying by reducing the force of antral smooth muscle contractions. The source of Mfge8 within gastric muscles is unclear. Since Mfge8 is a secreted protein, Mfge8 could be delivered via the circulation, or be locally secreted by cells within the muscle layers. In this study, we identify a source of Mfge8 within human gastric antrum muscles using spatial transcriptomic analysis. We show that Mfge8 is expressed in subpopulations of Mef2c+ perivascular cells within the submucosa layer of the gastric antrum. Mef2c is expressed in subpopulations of NG2+ and PDGFRB+ pericytes. Mfge8 is expressed in NG2+/Mef2c+ pericytes, but not in NG2+/Mef2c-, PDGFRB+/Mef2c-, or PDGFRB+/Mef2c+ pericytes. Mfge8 is absent from CD34+ endothelial cells but is expressed in a small population of perivascular ACTA2+ cells. We also show that α8 integrin is not expressed by interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), supporting the findings that Mfge8 attenuates gastric antrum smooth muscle contractions by binding to α8β1 integrins on enteric smooth muscle cells. These findings suggest a novel, supplementary mechanism of regulation of gastric antrum motility by cellular regulators of capillary blood flow, in addition to the regulation of gastric antrum motility by the enteric nervous system and the SMC, ICC, and PDGFRα+ cell (SIP) syncytium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Perrino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, United States
| | - Justin Malogan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, United States
| | - Caroline A Cobine
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, United States
| | - Kent C Sasse
- Nevada Surgical Associates, Reno, Nevada, United States
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5
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Craig DJ, James AW, Wang Y, Tavian M, Crisan M, Péault BM. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:35-43. [PMID: 35641167 PMCID: PMC8895497 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular wall is comprised of distinct layers controlling angiogenesis, blood flow, vessel anchorage within organs, and cell and molecule transit between blood and tissues. Moreover, some blood vessels are home to essential stem-like cells, a classic example being the existence in the embryo of hemogenic endothelial cells at the origin of definitive hematopoiesis. In recent years, microvascular pericytes and adventitial perivascular cells were observed to include multi-lineage progenitor cells involved not only in organ turnover and regeneration but also in pathologic remodeling, including fibrosis and atherosclerosis. These perivascular mesodermal elements were identified as native forerunners of mesenchymal stem cells. We have presented in this brief review our current knowledge on vessel wall-associated tissue remodeling cells with respect to discriminating phenotypes, functional diversity in health and disease, and potential therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Craig
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Mihaela Crisan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bruno M Péault
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author: Bruno Péault, PhD, Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 615 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7358, USA.
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6
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Vakhrushev IV, Nezhurina EK, Karalkin PA, Tsvetkova AV, Sergeeva NS, Majouga AG, Yarygin KN. Heterotypic Multicellular Spheroids as Experimental and Preclinical Models of Sprouting Angiogenesis. BIOLOGY 2021; 11:18. [PMID: 35053016 PMCID: PMC8772844 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis is the common response of live tissues to physiological and pathological angiogenic stimuli. Its accurate evaluation is of utmost importance for basic research and practical medicine and pharmacology and requires adequate experimental models. A variety of assays for angiogenesis were developed, none of them perfect. In vitro approaches are generally less physiologically relevant due to the omission of essential components regulating the process. However, only in vitro models can be entirely non-xenogeneic. The limitations of the in vitro angiogenesis assays can be partially overcome using 3D models mimicking tissue O2 and nutrient gradients, the influence of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and enabling cell-cell interactions. Here we present a review of the existing models of sprouting angiogenesis that are based on the use of endothelial cells (ECs) co-cultured with perivascular or other stromal cells. This approach provides an excellent in vitro platform for further decoding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of sprouting angiogenesis under conditions close to the in vivo conditions, as well as for preclinical drug testing and preclinical research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Vakhrushev
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elizaveta K. Nezhurina
- P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 125284 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel A. Karalkin
- Institute for Cluster Oncology, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Nataliya S. Sergeeva
- Department of Biology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander G. Majouga
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies and Biomedical Products, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Konstantin N. Yarygin
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia;
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7
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Goss G, Rognoni E, Salameti V, Watt FM. Distinct Fibroblast Lineages Give Rise to NG2+ Pericyte Populations in Mouse Skin Development and Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:675080. [PMID: 34124060 PMCID: PMC8194079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.675080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have examined the developmental origins of Ng2+ perivascular cell populations that adhere to the basement membrane of blood vessels, and their contribution to wound healing. Neural/glial antigen 2 (Ng2) labeled most perivascular cells (70-80%) in developing and adult mouse back skin, a higher proportion than expressed by other pericyte markers Tbx18, Nestin and Pdgfrβ. In adult mouse back skin Ng2+ perivascular cells could be categorized into 4 populations based on whether they expressed Pdgfrα and Pdgfrβ individually or in combination or were Pdgfr-negative. Lineage tracing demonstrated that although Ng2+ cells in embryonic and neonatal back skin contributed to multiple cell types they did not give rise to interfollicular fibroblasts within the dermis. Lineage tracing of distinct fibroblast populations during skin development showed that papillary fibroblasts (Lrig1+) gave rise to Ng2+ perivascular cells in the upper dermis, whilst Ng2+ perivascular cells in the lower dermis were primarily derived from reticular Dlk1+ fibroblasts. Following wounding of adult skin, Ng2+ dermal cells only give rise to Ng2+ blood vessel associated cells and did not contribute to other fibroblast lineages. The relative abundance of Ng2+ Pdgfrβ+ perivascular populations was comparable in wounded and non-wounded skin, indicating that perivascular heterogeneity was maintained during full thickness skin repair. In the wound bed Ng2+ perivascular populations were primarily derived from Lrig1+ papillary or Dlk1+ reticular fibroblast lineages, according to the location of the regenerating blood vessels. We conclude that Ng2+ perivascular cells represent a heterogeneous lineage restricted population that is primarily recruited from the papillary or reticular fibroblast lineages during tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fiona M. Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Rolle IG, Crivellari I, Zanello A, Mazzega E, Dalla E, Bulfoni M, Avolio E, Battistella A, Lazzarino M, Cellot A, Cervellin C, Sponga S, Livi U, Finato N, Sinagra G, Aleksova A, Cesselli D, Beltrami AP. Heart failure impairs the mechanotransduction properties of human cardiac pericytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 151:15-30. [PMID: 33159916 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The prominent impact that coronary microcirculation disease (CMD) exerts on heart failure symptoms and prognosis, even in the presence of macrovascular atherosclerosis, has been recently acknowledged. Experimental delivery of pericytes in non-revascularized myocardial infarction improves cardiac function by stimulating angiogenesis and myocardial perfusion. Aim of this work is to verify if pericytes (Pc) residing in ischemic failing human hearts display altered mechano-transduction properties and to assess which alterations of the mechano-sensing machinery are associated with the observed impaired response to mechanical cues. RESULTS: Microvascular rarefaction and defects of YAP/TAZ activation characterize failing human hearts. Although both donor (D-) and explanted (E-) heart derived cardiac Pc support angiogenesis, D-Pc exert this effect significantly better than E-Pc. The latter are characterized by reduced focal adhesion density, decreased activation of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/ Crk-associated substrate (CAS) pathway, low expression of caveolin-1, and defective transduction of extracellular stiffness into cytoskeletal stiffening, together with an impaired response to both fibronectin and lysophosphatidic acid. Importantly, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibition restores YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION: Heart failure impairs Pc mechano-transduction properties, but this defect could be reversed pharmacologically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Zanello
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzega
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Michela Bulfoni
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Avolio
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Alice Cellot
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Sponga
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Academic Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Ugolino Livi
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Academic Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Finato
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy; Institute of Pathology, Academic Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aneta Aleksova
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniela Cesselli
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy; Institute of Pathology, Academic Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy.
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9
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Mosich GM, Husman R, Shah P, Sharma A, Rezzadeh K, Aderibigbe T, Hu VJ, McClintick DJ, Wu G, Gatto JD, Xi H, Pyle AD, Péault B, Petrigliano FA, Dar A. Non-fibro-adipogenic pericytes from human embryonic stem cells attenuate degeneration of the chronically injured mouse muscle. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125334. [PMID: 31852842 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive tears of the rotator cuff (RC) are associated with chronic muscle degeneration due to fibrosis, fatty infiltration, and muscle atrophy. The microenvironment of diseased muscle often impairs efficient engraftment and regenerative activity of transplanted myogenic precursors. Accumulating myofibroblasts and fat cells disrupt the muscle stem cell niche and myogenic cell signaling and deposit excess disorganized connective tissue. Therefore, restoration of the damaged stromal niche with non-fibro-adipogenic cells is a prerequisite to successful repair of an injured RC. We generated from human embryonic stem cells (hES) a potentially novel subset of PDGFR-β+CD146+CD34-CD56- pericytes that lack expression of the fibro-adipogenic cell marker PDGFR-α. Accordingly, the PDGFR-β+PDGFR-α- phenotype typified non-fibro-adipogenic, non-myogenic, pericyte-like derivatives that maintained non-fibro-adipogenic properties when transplanted into chronically injured murine RCs. Although administered hES pericytes inhibited developing fibrosis at early and late stages of progressive muscle degeneration, transplanted PDGFR-β+PDGFR-α+ human muscle-derived fibro-adipogenic progenitors contributed to adipogenesis and greater fibrosis. Additionally, transplanted hES pericytes substantially attenuated muscle atrophy at all tested injection time points after injury. Coinciding with this observation, conditioned medium from cultured hES pericytes rescued atrophic myotubes in vitro. These findings imply that non-fibro-adipogenic hES pericytes recapitulate the myogenic stromal niche and may be used to improve cell-based treatments for chronic muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M Mosich
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Regina Husman
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Paras Shah
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Abhinav Sharma
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Kevin Rezzadeh
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | | | - Vivian J Hu
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | | | - Genbin Wu
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Jonathan D Gatto
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Haibin Xi
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, California, USA
| | - April D Pyle
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, California, USA
| | - Bruno Péault
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, California, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Science and MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frank A Petrigliano
- Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ayelet Dar
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
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