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Hwang YJ, Hwang HJ, Go H, Park N, Hwang KA. Sword Bean ( Canavalia gladiata) Pods Induce Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast Cells by Activating the BMP2/SMAD/RUNX2 Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4372. [PMID: 37892447 PMCID: PMC10610144 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sword bean (SB) contains various phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. Although the evaluation of its potential functions, including antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, liver protection, and antiangiogenic activities, has been widely reported, research on their use in osteoporosis prevention is insufficient. Furthermore, while various studies are conducted on SB, research on sword bean pods (SBP) is not yet active, and little is known about it. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of promoting osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells using SB and SBP extracts and their mechanisms. We show that SBP extracts increase osteoblast proliferation, mineralization-activated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen synthesis activities. Additionally, treatment with SBP extract increased the expression of markers related to osteoblast differentiation, such as ALP, SPARC, RUNX2, COL-I, BMP2, OCN, and OPN. It was confirmed that SBP induces differentiation by activating the BMP2/SMAD/RUNX2 pathway. We also show that SBP is more effective than SB, and SBP may be useful in assimilating bone minerals and preventing osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
| | - Hye-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong City 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseo Go
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
| | - NaYeong Park
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
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2
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Bai L, Liu Y, Zhang X, Chen P, Hang R, Xiao Y, Wang J, Liu C. Osteoporosis remission via an anti-inflammaging effect by icariin activated autophagy. Biomaterials 2023; 297:122125. [PMID: 37058900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The pace of bone formation slows down with aging, which leads to the development of osteoporosis. In addition to senescent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (S-BMSCs), senescent macrophages (S-MΦs) present in the bone marrow produce numerous inflammatory cytokines that contribute to the inflammaged microenvironment and are involved in the development of osteoporosis. Although autophagy activation has shown a significant anti-aging effect, its influence on inflammaging and its role in osteoporosis treatment remain unclear. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine contains bioactive components that exhibit remarkable advantages in bone regeneration. We have demonstrated that icariin (ICA), a bioactive component of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, activates autophagy, exerts a significant anti-inflammaging effect on S-MΦs, and rejuvenates osteogenesis of S-BMSCs, thereby alleviating bone loss in osteoporotic mice. The transcriptomic analysis further reveals that the TNF-α signaling pathway, which is significantly associated with the level of autophagy, regulates this effect. Moreover, the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is significantly reduced after ICA treatment. In summary, our findings suggest that bioactive components/materials targeting autophagy can effectively modulate the inflammaging of S-MΦs, offering an innovative treatment strategy for osteoporosis remission and various age-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Peiru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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3
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Zhao Y, Bai L, Zhang Y, Yao R, Sun Y, Hang R, Chen X, Wang H, Yao X, Xiao Y, Hang R. Type I collagen decorated nanoporous network on titanium implant surface promotes osseointegration through mediating immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Chen F, Liang Q, Mao L, Yin Y, Zhang L, Li C, Liu C. Synergy effects of Asperosaponin VI and bioactive factor BMP-2 on osteogenesis and anti-osteoclastogenesis. Bioact Mater 2022; 10:335-344. [PMID: 34901550 PMCID: PMC8636809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a reduction in skeletal mass due to the decrease of osteogenic ability and the activation of the osteoclastic function. Inhibiting bone resorption and accelerating the new bone formation is a promising strategy to repair the bone defect of osteoporosis. In this study, we first systematically investigated the roles of Chinese medicine Asperosaponin VI (ASP VI) on osteogenic mineralization of BMSCs and osteoclastogenesis of BMMs, and then explored the synergistic effect of ASP VI and BS (BMP-2 immobilized in 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan) on bone formation. The result showed that ASP VI with the concentration lower than 10-4 M contributed to the expression of osteogenic gene and inhibited osteoclastic genes RANKL of BMSCs. Simultaneously, ASP VI significantly reduced the differentiation of mononuclear osteoclasts in the process of osteoclast formation induced by M-CSF and RANKL. Furthermore, by stimulating the SMADs, TGF-β1, VEGFA, and OPG/RANKL signaling pathways, ASBS (ASP VI and BS) substantially enhanced osteogenesis, greatly promoted angiogenesis, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis. The findings provide a new perspective on osteoporosis care and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Qing Liang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lijie Mao
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yanrong Yin
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Cuidi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
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Bai L, Chen P, Zhao Y, Hang R, Yao X, Tang B, Liu C, Xiao Y, Hang R. A micro/nano-biomimetic coating on titanium orchestrates osteo/angio-genesis and osteoimmunomodulation for advanced osseointegration. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121162. [PMID: 34628191 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osseointegration is a sophisticated bone and implant healing process comprising of initial hematoma formation, immediate osteoimmunomodulation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. To fulfill rapid and satisfying osseointegration, this study developed a biomimetic implant coating that could confer the intraosseous implants a systematical regulation of the participatory processes. Herein, we shaped dissimilar nano-scale (NS) to form highly biomimetic structures of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of the host bone and bone healing hematoma with micro/nano-scale (MNS) titania fiber-like network on the surface of titanium (Ti) implants. In vitro experiments revealed that the MNS not only facilitated osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and endothelial cells, respectively, but also suppressed M1 macrophages (MΦs), whereas, stimulated pro-healing M2 phenotype. Notably, BMSCs on MNS surfaces enabled a significant immunomodulatory effect on MΦs resulting in the downregulation of inflammation-related cell signaling pathways. The favorable osteoimmune microenvironment manipulated by MNS further facilitated osteo-/angio-genesis via the crosstalk of multi-signaling pathways. In vivo evaluation mirrored the aforementioned results, and depicted that MNS induced ameliorative osseointegration when compared with the NS as well as the pristine Ti implant. The study demonstrated the modulatory effect of the multifaceted biomimetic structure on spatiotemporal regulation of the participatory processes during osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Peiru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiyue Hang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
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Jafary F, Vaezifar S. Immobilization of Alkaline Phosphatase onto Chitosan Nanoparticles: a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Bone Tissue Engineering. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-021-00886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Transcriptome Analysis of Egg Yolk Sialoglycoprotein on Osteogenic Activity in MC3T3-E1 Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11146428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of egg yolk sialoglycoprotein (EYG) on osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated and the DEGs (differentially expressed genes) were explored by transcriptome analysis. The results found that EYG effectively increased cell proliferation, enhanced ALP activity, promoted the secretion of extracellular matrix protein COL-I and OCN, enhanced bone mineralization activity, exhibiting good osteogenic activity. Further study of the mechanism was explored through transcriptome analysis. Transcriptome analysis showed that 123 DEGs were triggered by EYG, of which 78 genes were downregulated and 45 genes were upregulated. GO (gene ontology) analysis showed that EYG mainly caused differences in gene expression of biological processes and cell composition categories in the top 30 most enriched items. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis showed that EYG inhibited inflammatory factors and downregulated inflammation-related pathways. The results also showed EYG regulated such genes as COL2A1, COL4A1 and COL4A2 to up-regulate pathways including ECM–receptor interaction, focal adhesion and protein digestion and absorption, enhancing the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Gene expression of COL-I, Runx2, BMP2 and β-catenin was determined by qRT-PCR for verification, which found that EYG significantly increased COL-I, Runx2, BMP2 and β-catenin gene expression, suggesting that BMP-2 mediated osteogenesis pathway was activated.
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8
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Dunaliella salina-derived peptide protects from bone loss: Isolation, purification and identification. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Lin Z, Shen D, Zhou W, Zheng Y, Kong T, Liu X, Wu S, Chu PK, Zhao Y, Wu J, Cheung KM, Yeung KW. Regulation of extracellular bioactive cations in bone tissue microenvironment induces favorable osteoimmune conditions to accelerate in situ bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2315-2330. [PMID: 33553818 PMCID: PMC7840811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of orthopedic biomaterials has gradually shifted from “immune-friendly” to “immunomodulatory,” in which the biomaterials are able to modulate the inflammatory response via macrophage polarization in a local immune microenvironment that favors osteogenesis and implant-to-bone osseointegration. Despite the well-known effects of bioactive metallic ions on osteogenesis, how extracellular metallic ions manipulate immune cells in bone tissue microenvironments toward osteogenesis and subsequent bone formation has rarely been studied. Herein, we investigate the osteoimmunomodulatory effect of an extracellular bioactive cation (Mg2+) in the bone tissue microenvironment using custom-made poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/MgO-alendronate microspheres that endow controllable release of magnesium ions. The results suggest that the Mg2+-controlled tissue microenvironment can effectively induce macrophage polarization from the M0 to M2 phenotype via the enhancement of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and pro-osteogenic (BMP-2 and TGF-β1) cytokines production. It also generates a favorable osteoimmune microenvironment that facilitates the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The in vivo results further verify that a large amount of bony tissue, with comparable bone mineral density and mechanical properties, has been generated at an early post-surgical stage in rat intramedullary bone defect models. This study demonstrates that the concept of in situ immunomodulated osteogenesis can be realized in a controlled magnesium tissue microenvironment. Controlled release of Mg2+ was achieved by the microfluidic electrosprayed PLGA/MgO-alendronate microspheres. PLGA/MgO-alendronate microspheres with satisfied osteoimmunomodulatory properties accelerated bone regeneration in vivo. Extracellular Mg2+ induced macrophage switch to M2 phenotype with enhanced expressions of IL-10, BMP-2 and TGF-β1. Osteoimmune microenvironment favourably upregulated the osteogenic expressions of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Corresponding author. College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, China.
| | - Danni Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, 1 Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weixiao Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tiantian Kong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Shuilin Wu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Paul K. Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Centre for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, 1 Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kenneth M.C. Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin W.K. Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, 1 Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Adjei IM, Yang H, Plumton G, Maldonado-Camargo L, Dobson J, Rinaldi C, Jiang H, Sharma B. Multifunctional nanoparticles for intracellular drug delivery and photoacoustic imaging of mesenchymal stem cells. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 9:652-666. [PMID: 30784022 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Strategies that control the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and enable image-guided cell implantation and longitudinal monitoring could advance MSC-based therapies for bone defects and injuries. Here we demonstrate a multifunctional nanoparticle system that delivers resveratrol (RESV) intracellularly to improve osteogenesis and enables photoacoustic imaging of MSCs. RESV-loaded nanoparticles (RESV-NPs), formulated from poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid and iron oxide, enhanced the stability of RESV by 18-fold and served as photoacoustic tomography (PAT) contrast for MSCs. Pre-loading MSCs with RESV-NP upregulated RUNX2 expression with a resultant increase in mineralization by 27% and 45% compared to supplementation with RESV-NP and free RESV, respectively, in 2-dimensional cultures. When grown in polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels, MSCs pre-loaded with RESV-NPs increased the overall level and homogeneity of mineralization compared to those supplemented with free RESV or RESV-NP. The PAT detected RESV-NP-loaded MSCs with a resolution of 1500 cells/μL, which ensured imaging of MSCs upon encapsulation in a PEG-based hydrogel and implantation within the rodent cranium. Significantly, RESV-NP-loaded MSCs in hydrogels did not show PAT signal dilution over time or a reduction in signal upon osteogenic differentiation. This multifunctional NP platform has the potential to advance translation of stem cell-based therapies, by improving stem cell function and consistency via intracellular drug delivery, and enabling the use of a promising emerging technology to monitor cells in a clinically relevant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M Adjei
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Hao Yang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Glendon Plumton
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | | | - Jon Dobson
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Carlos Rinaldi
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Huabei Jiang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Blanka Sharma
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, JG56, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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11
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Calejo I, Costa‐Almeida R, Gonçalves AI, Berdecka D, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Bi-directional modulation of cellular interactions in an in vitro co-culture model of tendon-to-bone interface. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12493. [PMID: 30105786 PMCID: PMC6528866 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work aimed at studying in vitro interactions between human tendon-derived cells (hTDCs) and pre-osteoblasts (pre-OBs) that may trigger a cascade of events involved in enthesis regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of 5 osteogenic medium (OM) conditions over the modulation of hTDCs and pre-OBs towards the tenogenic and osteogenic phenotypes, respectively, was studied. Three different medium conditions were chosen for subsequently establishing a direct co-culture system in order to study the expression of bone, tendon and interface-related markers. RESULTS A higher matrix mineralization and ALP activity was observed in co-cultures in the presence of OM. Higher transcription levels of bone- (ALPL, RUNX2, SPP1) and interface-related genes (ACAN, COMP) were found in co-cultures. The expression of aggrecan was influenced by the presence of OM and cell-cell interactions occurring in co-culture. CONCLUSIONS The present work assessed both the influence of OM on cell phenotype modulation and the importance of co-culture models while promoting cell-cell interactions and the exchange of soluble factors in triggering an interface-like phenotype to potentially modulate enthesis regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Calejo
- 3B's Research Group ‐ Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine– Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Raquel Costa‐Almeida
- 3B's Research Group ‐ Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine– Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Ana Isabel Gonçalves
- 3B's Research Group ‐ Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine– Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Dominika Berdecka
- 3B's Research Group ‐ Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine– Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Rui Luis Reis
- 3B's Research Group ‐ Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine– Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineHeadquarters at University of MinhoBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Manuela Estima Gomes
- 3B's Research Group ‐ Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine– Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineHeadquarters at University of MinhoBarco, GuimarãesPortugal
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12
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Lee JE, Lee H, Kim MH, Yang WM. Osteogenic effects of Phlomis umbrosa via up-regulation of Runx2 in osteoporosis. Biomed Rep 2018; 10:17-22. [PMID: 30588298 PMCID: PMC6299205 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phlomis umbrosa Turcz (labiatae) has been suggested to promote bone growth. However, the anti-osteoporotic effects of P. umbrosa have not yet been elucidated. In the present study, the osteogenic effects of P. umbrosa were investigated in an osteoporosis model. ICR female mice were ovariectomized (OVX) to induce osteoporosis for 7 weeks. Treatment with 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg P. umbrosa was administrated orally to the OVX mice for 6 weeks. At the end of experiment, the microstructure of the capital femoral epiphysis was investigated. The levels of bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and serum osteocalcin concentration were evaluated. In addition, mineralized Saos-2 osteoblast cells were treated with 0.01, 0.1 and 1 µg/ml P. umbrosa to analyze the expression of osteoblast differentiation-associated factors. Hyperplasia of the growth plate in the femur was recovered by P. umbrosa treatment. BMD and BMC were significantly increased in P. umbrosa-treated femurs. Serum calcium concentration was increased following P. umbrosa treatment. In addition, the ratio of mineralization was markedly increased in P. umbrosa-treated differentiated osteoblasts along with increases in Runx2 levels. P. umbrosa conferred its osteogenic effects by upregulating Runx2 in osteoporosis. P. umbrosa may be a potential therapeutic material for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesu Lee
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hye Kim
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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13
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Bai L, Liu Y, Du Z, Weng Z, Yao W, Zhang X, Huang X, Yao X, Crawford R, Hang R, Huang D, Tang B, Xiao Y. Differential effect of hydroxyapatite nano-particle versus nano-rod decorated titanium micro-surface on osseointegration. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:344-358. [PMID: 29908975 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coating materials applied for intraosseous implants must be optimized to stimulate osseointegration. Osseointegration is a temporal and spatial physiological process that not only requires interactions between osteogenesis and angiogenesis but also necessitates a favorable immune microenvironment. It is now well-documented that hierarchical nano-micro surface structures promote the long-term stability of implants, the interactions between nano-micro structure and the immune response are largely unknown. Here, we report the effects of microporous titanium (Ti) surfaces coated with nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) produced by micro-arc oxidation and steam-hydrothermal treatment (SHT) on multiple cell behavior and osseointegration. By altering the processing time of SHT it was possible to shift HA structures from nano-particles to nano-rods on the microporous Ti surfaces. Ti surfaces coated with HA nano-particles were found to modulate the inflammatory response resulting in an osteoimmune microenvironment more favorable for osteo-/angio-genesis, most likely via the activation of certain key signaling pathways (TGF-β, OPG/RANKL, and VEGF). By contrast, Ti surfaces coated with nano-rod shaped HA particles had a negative impact on osteo-/angio-genesis and osteoimmunomodulation. In vivo results further demonstrated that Ti implant surfaces decorated with HA nano-particles can stimulate new bone formation and osseointegration with enhanced interaction between osteocytes and implant surfaces. This study demonstrated that Ti implants with micro-surfaces coated with nano-particle shaped HA have a positive impact on osseointegration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Osteo-/angio-genesis are of importance during osteointegration of the implants. Recent advances unravel that immune response of macrophages and its manipulated osteoimmunomodulation also exerts a pivotal role to determine the fate of the implant. Surface nano-micro modification has evidenced to be efficient to influence osteogenesis, however, little is known links nano-microstructured surface to immune response, as well the osteoimmunomodulation. This study demonstrates that the nano-particles decorated micro-surface, compared with the nano-rods decorated micro-surface enables osteogenesis and angiogenesis concurrently that has not been investigated previously. This study also unravels that the immune response of macrophages can be manipulated by the nano-micro surface, especially the nano-dimension matters, leading to a differential effect on osteointegration. The additional knowledge obtained from this study may provide foundation and reference for future design of the coating materials for implantable materials.
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14
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Bai L, Du Z, Du J, Yao W, Zhang J, Weng Z, Liu S, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Yao X, Crawford R, Hang R, Huang D, Tang B, Xiao Y. A multifaceted coating on titanium dictates osteoimmunomodulation and osteo/angio-genesis towards ameliorative osseointegration. Biomaterials 2018; 162:154-169. [PMID: 29454274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A multifaceted coating for hard tissue implants, with favorable osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and osteoimmunomodulation abilities, would be of great value since it could improve osseointegration and alleviate prosthesis loosening. However, to date there are few coatings that fully satisfy these criteria. Herein we describe a microporous TiO2 coating decorated with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles that is generated by micro-arc oxidation of pure titanium (Ti) and followed annealing. By altering the annealing temperature, it is possible to simultaneously tune the coating's physical (morphology and wettability) and chemical (composites and crystallinity) properties. A coating produced with micro-arc oxidization (MAO) with an annealing temperature of 650 °C (MAO-650) exhibits numerous favorable physicochemical properties, such as hybrid micro-nano morphology, superhydrophilicity, and highly crystalline HA nanoparticles. In vitro experiments reveal that the MAO-650 coating not only supports proliferation and differentiation of both osteoblasts and endothelial cells, but also inhibits the inflammatory response of macrophages and enables a favorable osteoimmunomodulation to facilitate osteo/angio-genesis. In vivo evaluation mirrors these results, and shows that the MAO-650 coating results in ameliorative osseointegration when compared with the pristine MAO coating. These data highlight the profound effect of surface physicochemical properties on the regulation of osteo/angio-genesis and osteoimmunomodulation in the enhancement of osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Zhibin Du
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Jingjing Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Mechanics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Yao
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zeming Weng
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Si Liu
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanlian Liu
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ross Crawford
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Mechanics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Bin Tang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia.
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15
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Tansriratanawong K, Wongwan P, Ishikawa H, Nakahara T, Wongravee K. Cellular responses of periodontal ligament stem cells to a novel synthesized form of calcium hydrogen phosphate with a hydroxyapatite-like surface for periodontal tissue engineering. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:428-437. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kallapat Tansriratanawong
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
| | - Pawinee Wongwan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
| | - Taka Nakahara
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Dentistry, Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
| | - Kanet Wongravee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University
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16
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Zhao Z, Wang Z, Ge C, Krebsbach P, Franceschi R. Healing Cranial Defects with AdRunx2-transduced Marrow Stromal Cells. J Dent Res 2016; 86:1207-11. [DOI: 10.1177/154405910708601213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) include stem cells capable of forming all mesenchymal tissues, including bone. However, before MSCs can be successfully used in regeneration procedures, methods must be developed to stimulate their differentiation selectively to osteoblasts. Runx2, a bone-specific transcription factor, is known to stimulate osteoblast differentiation. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Runx2 gene therapy can be used to heal a critical-sized defect in mouse calvaria. Runx2-engineered MSCs displayed enhanced osteogenic potential and osteoblast-specific gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Runx2-expressing cells also dramatically enhanced the healing of critical-sized calvarial defects and increased both bone volume fraction and bone mineral density. These studies provide a novel route for enhancing osteogenesis that may have future therapeutic applications for craniofacial bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zhao
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Z. Wang
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C. Ge
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - P. Krebsbach
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R.T. Franceschi
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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17
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Rimando MG, Wu HH, Liu YA, Lee CW, Kuo SW, Lo YP, Tseng KF, Liu YS, Lee OKS. Glucocorticoid receptor and Histone deacetylase 6 mediate the differential effect of dexamethasone during osteogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Sci Rep 2016; 6:37371. [PMID: 27901049 PMCID: PMC5128810 DOI: 10.1038/srep37371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts in vitro is enhanced by a potent synthetic form of glucocorticoid (GC), dexamethasone (Dex). Paradoxically, when used chronically in patients, GCs exert negative effects on bone, a phenomenon known as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in clinical practice. The mechanism on how GC differentially affects bone precursor cells to become mature osteoblasts during osteogenesis remains elusive. In this study, the dose and temporal regulation of Dex on MSC differentiation into osteoblasts were investigated. We found that continuous Dex treatment led to a net reduction of the maturation potential of differentiating osteoblasts. This phenomenon correlated with a decrease in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression, hastened degradation, and impaired sub cellular localization. Similarly, Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) expression was found to be regulated by Dex, co-localized with GR and this GR-HDAC6 complex occupied the promoter region of the osteoblast late marker osteocalcin (OCN). Combinatorial inhibition of HDAC6 and GR enhanced OCN expression. Together, the cross-talk between the Dex effector molecule GR and the inhibitory molecule HDAC6 provided mechanistic explanation of the bimodal effect of Dex during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. These findings may provide new directions of research to combat glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn G Rimando
- Molecular Medicine Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiang Wu
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Lee
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Kuo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ping Lo
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Fung Tseng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11220, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiuan Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
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18
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CXCL13 inhibits microRNA-23a through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:876-880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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19
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Raisin S, Belamie E, Morille M. Non-viral gene activated matrices for mesenchymal stem cells based tissue engineering of bone and cartilage. Biomaterials 2016; 104:223-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Ball H, Moussa F, Mbimba T, Orman R, Safadi F, Cooper L. Methods and insights from the characterization of osteoprogenitor cells of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Stem Cell Res 2016; 17:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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21
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Qiu J, Li J, Wang S, Ma B, Zhang S, Guo W, Zhang X, Tang W, Sang Y, Liu H. TiO2 Nanorod Array Constructed Nanotopography for Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Fate and the Realization of Location-Committed Stem Cell Differentiation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1770-8. [PMID: 26857087 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As a physical cue for controlling the fate of stem cells, surface nanotopography has attracted much attention to improve the integration between implants and local host tissues and cells. A biocompatible surface TiO2 nanorod array is proposed to regulate the fate of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). TiO2 substrates with different surface nanotopographies: a TiO2 nanorod array and a polished TiO2 ceramic are built by hydrothermal and sintering processes, respectively. The assessment of morphology, viability, gene expression, and protein characterization of the MSCs cultured on the different TiO2 substrates proves that a TiO2 nanorod array promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, while a TiO2 ceramic with a smooth surface suppresses it. Periodically assembled TiO2 nanorod array stripes on the smooth TiO2 ceramic are constructed by a combination of microfabrication and a chemical synthesis process, which realizes the location-committed osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. A route to control the differentiation of MSCs by a nanostructured surface, which can also control the location and direction of MSCs on the surface of biomaterials with micro-nano scale surface engineering, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baojin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Weibo Guo
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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22
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Rasi Ghaemi S, Delalat B, Cetó X, Harding FJ, Tuke J, Voelcker NH. Synergistic influence of collagen I and BMP 2 drives osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: A cell microarray analysis. Acta Biomater 2016. [PMID: 26196081 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell microarrays are a novel platform for the high throughput discovery of new biomaterials. By re-creating a multitude of cell microenvironments on a single slide, this approach can identify the optimal surface composition to drive a desired cell response. To systematically study the effects of molecular microenvironments on stem cell fate, we designed a cell microarray based on parallel exposure of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to surface-immobilised collagen I (Coll I) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP 2). This was achieved by means of a reactive coating on a slide surface, enabling the covalent anchoring of Coll I and BMP 2 as microscale spots printed by a robotic contact printer. The surface between the printed protein spots was passivated using poly (ethylene glycol) bisamine 10,000Da (A-PEG). MSCs were then captured and cultured on array spots composed of binary mixtures of Coll I and BMP 2, followed by automated image acquisition and quantitative, multi-parameter analysis of cellular responses. Surface compositions that gave the highest osteogenic differentiation were determined using Runx2 expression and calcium deposition. Quantitative single cell analysis revealed subtle concentration-dependent effects of surface-immobilised proteins on the extent of osteogenic differentiation obscured using conventional analysis. In particular, the synergistic interaction of Coll I and BMP 2 in supporting osteogenic differentiation was confirmed. Our studies demonstrate the value of cell microarray platforms to decipher the combinatorial interactions at play in stem cell niche microenvironments.
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23
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Qiu J, Li D, Mou X, Li J, Guo W, Wang S, Yu X, Ma B, Zhang S, Tang W, Sang Y, Gil PR, Liu H. Effects of Graphene Quantum Dots on the Self-Renewal and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:702-10. [PMID: 26833812 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The influence of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) on key characteristics of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) phenotype (i.e., self-renewal, differentiation potential, and pluripotency) is systematically investigated in this work. First, the viability and impact of GQDs on the self-renewal potential of MSCs is evaluated in order to determine a threshold for the exposing dose. Second, GQDs uptake by MSCs is confirmed due to the excellent fluorescent properties of the particles. They exhibit a homogenous cytoplasmatic distribution that increases with the time and concentration. Third, the impact of GQDs on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs is deeply characterized. An enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase promoted by GQDs indicates early activation of osteogenesis. This is also confirmed upon GQD-induced up-regulation of phenotypically related osteogenic genes (Runx2, osteopontin, and osteocalcin) and specific biomarkers expression (osteopontin and osteocalcin). GQDs also effectively enhance the formation of calcium-rich deposits characteristics of osteoblasts. Furthermore, genes microarray results indicate that the enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by GQDs is in progress through a bone morphogenetic protein and transforming growth factor-β relative signaling pathways. Finally, intracytoplasmatic lipid detection shows that GQDs can also promote the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs, thus confirming the prevalence of their pluripotency potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Deshuai Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100085 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Mou
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100085 P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Weibo Guo
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100085 P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100085 P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100085 P. R. China
| | - Baojin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Jinan 250012 P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Pilar Rivera Gil
- Institute of Chemistry; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV); C/Marcel-li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100085 P. R. China
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24
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Frara N, Abdelmagid SM, Sondag GR, Moussa FM, Yingling VR, Owen TA, Popoff SN, Barbe MF, Safadi FF. Transgenic Expression of Osteoactivin/gpnmb Enhances Bone Formation In Vivo and Osteoprogenitor Differentiation Ex Vivo. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:72-83. [PMID: 25899717 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Initial identification of osteoactivin (OA)/glycoprotein non-melanoma clone B (gpnmb) was demonstrated in an osteopetrotic rat model, where OA expression was increased threefold in mutant bones, compared to normal. OA mRNA and protein expression increase during active bone regeneration post-fracture, and primary rat osteoblasts show increased OA expression during differentiation in vitro. To further examine OA/gpnmb as an osteoinductive agent, we characterized the skeletal phenotype of transgenic mouse overexpressing OA/gpnmb under the CMV-promoter (OA-Tg). Western blot analysis showed increased OA/gpnmb in OA-Tg osteoblasts, compared to wild-type (WT). In OA-Tg mouse femurs versus WT littermates, micro-CT analysis showed increased trabecular bone volume and thickness, and cortical bone thickness; histomorphometry showed increased osteoblast numbers, bone formation and mineral apposition rates in OA-Tg mice; and biomechanical testing showed higher peak moment and stiffness. Given that OA/gpnmb is also over-expressed in osteoclasts in OA-Tg mice, we evaluated bone resorption by ELISA and histomorphometry, and observed decreased serum CTX-1 and RANK-L, and decreased osteoclast numbers in OA-Tg, compared to WT mice, indicating decreased bone remodeling in OA-Tg mice. The proliferation rate of OA-Tg osteoblasts in vitro was higher, compared to WT, as was alkaline phosphatase staining and activity, the latter indicating enhanced differentiation of OA-Tg osteoprogenitors. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed increased TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptors I and II expression in OA-Tg osteoblasts, compared to WT. Together, these data suggest that OA overexpression has an osteoinductive effect on bone mass in vivo and stimulates osteoprogenitor differentiation ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagat Frara
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samir M Abdelmagid
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gregory R Sondag
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Fouad M Moussa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Vanessa R Yingling
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California
| | - Thomas A Owen
- School of Theoretical and Applied Science (TAS), Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, New Jersey
| | - Steven N Popoff
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
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25
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Lee ES, Kim SHL, Lee H, Hwang NS. Non-viral approaches for direct conversion into mesenchymal cell types: Potential application in tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 104:686-97. [PMID: 26729213 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acquiring adequate number of cells is one of the crucial factors to apply tissue engineering strategies in order to recover critical-sized defects. While the reprogramming technology used for inducing pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) opened up a direct path for generating pluripotent stem cells, a direct conversion strategy may provide another possibility to obtain desired cells for tissue engineering. In order to convert a somatic cell into any other cell type, diverse approaches have been investigated. Conspicuously, in contrast to traditional viral transduction method, non-viral delivery of conversion factors has the merit of lowering immune responses and provides safer genetic manipulation, thus revolutionizing the generation of directly converted cells and its application in therapeutics. In addition, applying various microenvironmental modulations have potential to ameliorate the conversion of somatic cells into different lineages. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in direct conversion technologies, specifically focusing on generating mesenchymal cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwajin Lee
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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26
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Stephens AS, Morrison NA. Novel target genes of RUNX2 transcription factor and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:1594-608. [PMID: 24756753 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The RUNX2 transcription factor is indispensable for skeletal development and controls bone formation by acting as a signaling hub and transcriptional regulator to coordinate target gene expression. A signaling partner of RUNX2 is the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) that becomes active when bound by its ligand 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3). RUNX2 and VDR unite to cooperatively regulate the expression of numerous genes. In this study, we overexpressed RUNX2 in NIH3T3 fibroblasts concomitantly treated with VD3 and show that RUNX2 alone, or in combination with VD3, failed to promote an osteoblastic phenotype in NIH3T3 cells. However, the expression of numerous osteoblast-related genes was up-regulated by RUNX2 and large-scale gene expression profiling using microarrays identified over 800 transcripts that displayed a twofold of greater change in expression in response to RUNX2 overexpression or VD3 treatment. Functional analysis using gene ontology (GO) revealed GO terms for ossification, cellular motility, biological adhesion, and chromosome organization were enriched in the pool of genes regulated by RUNX2. For the set of genes whose expression was modulated by VD3, the GO terms response to hormone stimulus, chemotaxis, and metalloendopeptidase activity where overrepresented. Our study provides a functional insight into the consequences of RUNX2 overexpression and VD3 treatment in NIH3T3 cells in addition to identifying candidate genes whose expression is controlled by either factor individually or through their functional cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre S Stephens
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia
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27
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Ren D, Wei F, Hu L, Yang S, Wang C, Yuan X. Phosphorylation of Runx2, induced by cyclic mechanical tension via ERK1/2 pathway, contributes to osteodifferentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2426-36. [PMID: 25740112 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Occlusal force is an important stimulus for maintaining periodontal homeostasis. This is attributed to the quality of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) that could transfer occlusal force into biological signals modulating osteoblst differentiation. However, few studies investigated the mechanism of occlusal force-induced osteodifferentiation of hPDLFs. In our study, we used the cyclic mechanical tension (CMT) at 10% elongation with 0.5 Hz to mimic occlusal force, and explored its effects on osteogenesis of hPDLFs. Firstly, elevated expressions of several osteoblast marker genes (Runx2, ATF4, SP7, OCN, and BSP), as well as activated ERK1/2 pathway were detected during CMT loading for 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. To gain further insight into how CMT contributed to those effects, we focused on the classic ERK1/2-Runx2 pathway by inhibiting ERK1/2 and overexpressing Runx2. Our results reflected that Runx2 overexpression alone could induce osteodifferentiation of hPDLFs. Meanwhile, CMT loading could intensify while combined ERK1/2 blockage could weaken this process. Furthermore, we found that CMT promoted Runx2 transcription and phosphorylation via ERK1/2; protein level of phospho-Runx2 (p-Runx2), rather than Runx2, was in parallel with mRNA expressions of SP7, OCN, and BSP. Taken together, our study proved that p-Runx2, elevated by CMT via ERK1/2 pathway, is the predominate factor in promoting osteoblast differentiation of hPDLFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, the 4th Military Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, the 4th Military Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuangyan Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, the 4th Military Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, the 4th Military Medical University, Qingdao, China
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28
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Ramaswamy J, Nam HK, Ramaraju H, Hatch NE, Kohn DH. Inhibition of osteoblast mineralization by phosphorylated phage-derived apatite-specific peptide. Biomaterials 2015; 73:120-30. [PMID: 26406452 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of biomaterials with material- and cell-specific peptide sequences allows for better control of their surface properties and communication with the surrounding environment. Using a combinatorial phage display approach, we previously identified the peptide VTKHLNQISQSY (VTK) with specific affinity to biomimetic apatite. Phosphorylation of the serine residues of the peptide (pVTK) caused a significant increase in binding to apatite, as well as a dose-dependent inhibition of osteoblast mineralization. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms behind pVTK mediated inhibition of mineralization using MC3T3 cells and testing the hypothesis that mineralization is inhibited via alteration of the Enpp1-TNAP-Ank axis. Inhibition of mineralization was not due to disruption of collagen deposition or calcium chelation by the negatively charged pVTK. The timing of peptide administration was important in inhibiting mineralization - pVTK had a greater effect at later stages of osteogenic differentiation (days 7-12 of culture corresponding to matrix maturation and mineralization), and could prevent progression of mineralization once it had started. pVTK treatment resulted in a significant decrease in ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (Enpp1) enzyme activity and gene expression. The expression of ankylosis protein (Ank), osteopontin (OPN) and Pit-1 genes was also significantly reduced with peptide treatment, while tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and Runx2 gene expression was significantly higher. The ability of pVTK to inhibit mineralization can potentially be translated into therapeutics against pathological calcification seen in cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis or craniosynostosis, or be used to prevent failure of biomaterials due to calcification, such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Ramaswamy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Hwa Kyung Nam
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Harsha Ramaraju
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Nan E Hatch
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - David H Kohn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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29
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Park OJ, Kim J, Yang J, Yun CH, Han SH. Enterococcus faecalis Inhibits Osteoblast Differentiation and Induces Chemokine Expression. J Endod 2015; 41:1480-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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30
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Li J, Mou X, Qiu J, Wang S, Wang D, Sun D, Guo W, Li D, Kumar A, Yang X, Li A, Liu H. Surface charge regulation of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell on polarized ferroelectric crystal substrate. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:998-1003. [PMID: 25663267 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polarized ferroelectric crystal lithium niobate wafers with different cuts are selected to offer differently charged surfaces. By induction of the mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into osteoblasts on different charged surfaces, the specific osteogenic-associated markers are assessed and the results illustrate that the positively charged wafer surface enhances rBMMSCs osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; 27 Shandanan Road Jinan 250100 China
| | - Xiaoning Mou
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; 27 Shandanan Road Jinan 250100 China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Dongzhou Wang
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; 27 Shandanan Road Jinan 250100 China
| | - Dehui Sun
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; 27 Shandanan Road Jinan 250100 China
| | - Weibo Guo
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Deshuai Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Anil Kumar
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xuebin Yang
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group; School of Dentistry; University of Leeds; Leeds LS2 9LU UK
| | - Aixue Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Hong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100083 China
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; 27 Shandanan Road Jinan 250100 China
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31
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Increased osteogenesis in osteoporotic bone marrow stromal cells by overexpression of leptin. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 361:845-56. [PMID: 25832621 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis leads to increased bone fractures and net bone loss, in part because of the dysfunction of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Leptin is an adipokine that plays important roles in many biological processes, including the regulation of the actions of mesenchymal stem cells. Our aim is to investigate the osteogenic effects of leptin in osteoporotic BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. The leptin gene was transferred into BMSCs isolated from osteoporotic rats by using recombinant adenoviruses. Once the gene and protein expression of leptin had been confirmed, MTT assays were performed; leptin overexpression was confirmed not to affect the viability of osteoporotic BMSCs. However, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurements, Alizarin red staining and analyses by quantitative real-time reverse transcription with the polymerase chain reaction revealed that leptin upregulated ALP activity, mineral deposition and the mRNA levels of runt-related transcription factor 2, ALP and collagen type І. Lastly, the effects of leptin on osteogenic differentiation were assessed in vivo. Cells transfected with leptin exhibited increased osteogenic differentiation and enhanced formation of bone-like structures. This study thus reveals, for the first time, that the overexpression of leptin in osteoporotic BMSCs (1) enhances their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and to form bone-like tissue and (2) might be a useful skeletal regenerative therapy in osteoporotic patients.
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32
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Wang G, Qiu J, Zheng L, Ren N, Li J, Liu H, Miao J. Sustained delivery of BMP-2 enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs based on surface hydroxyapatite nanostructure in chitosan–HAp scaffold. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:1813-27. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2014.951244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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33
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Panda N, Bissoyi A, Pramanik K, Biswas A. Directing osteogenesis of stem cells with hydroxyapatite precipitated electrospun eri–tasar silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:1440-57. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2014.943548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Sun F, Wan M, Xu X, Gao B, Zhou Y, Sun J, Cheng L, Klein OD, Zhou X, Zheng L. Crosstalk between miR-34a and Notch Signaling Promotes Differentiation in Apical Papilla Stem Cells (SCAPs). J Dent Res 2014; 93:589-95. [PMID: 24710391 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514531146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) are important for the formation and regeneration of root dentin. Here, we examined the expression of Notch signaling components in SCAPs and investigated crosstalk between microRNA miR-34aand Notch signaling during cell differentiation. We found that human SCAPs express NOTCH2, NOTCH3, JAG2, DLL3, and HES1, and we tested the relationship between Notch signaling and both cell differentiation and miR-34a expression. NOTCH activation in SCAPs inhibited cell differentiation and up-regulated the expression of miR-34a, whereas miR-34a inhibited Notch signaling in SCAPs by directly targeting the 3'UTR of NOTCH2 and HES1 mRNA and suppressing the expression of NOTCH2, N2ICD, and HES1. DSPP, RUNX2, OSX, and OCN expression was consequently up-regulated. Thus, Notch signaling in human SCAPs plays a vital role in maintenance of these cells. miR-34a interacts with Notch signaling and promotes both odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - M Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology and Departments of Orofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - X Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - B Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - Y Zhou
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - J Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - L Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - O D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology and Departments of Orofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - X Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
| | - L Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041 West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
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35
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Fibroblast-like synoviocytes induce calcium mineral formation and deposition. ARTHRITIS 2014; 2014:812678. [PMID: 24963403 PMCID: PMC4054973 DOI: 10.1155/2014/812678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Calcium crystals are present in the synovial fluid of 65%–100% patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and 20%–39% patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study sought to investigate the role of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in calcium mineral formation. We found that numerous genes classified in the biomineral formation process, including bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein/osteocalcin, runt-related transcription factor 2, ankylosis progressive homolog, and parathyroid hormone-like hormone, were differentially expressed in the OA and RA FLSs. Calcium deposits were detected in FLSs cultured in regular medium in the presence of ATP and FLSs cultured in chondrogenesis medium in the absence of ATP. More calcium minerals were deposited in the cultures of OA FLSs than in the cultures of RA FLSs. Examination of the micromass stained with nonaqueous alcoholic eosin indicated the presence of birefringent crystals. Phosphocitrate inhibited the OA FLSs-mediated calcium mineral deposition. These findings together suggest that OA FLSs are not passive bystanders but are active players in the pathological calcification process occurring in OA and that potential calcification stimuli for OA FLSs-mediated calcium deposition include ATP and certain unidentified differentiation-inducing factor(s). The OA FLSs-mediated pathological calcification process is a valid target for the development of disease-modifying drug for OA therapy.
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36
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Dolgorsuren A, Yamashita K, Dalkhsuren SO, Sumida K, Seki S, Kitamura S. The Ceramics Radiating Far Infrared Ray Energy (Rhyolite) Promote the Formation of Bone. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.23.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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37
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Ge S, Zhao N, Wang L, Liu H, Yang P. Effects of hydroxyapatite nanostructure on channel surface of porcine acellular dermal matrix scaffold on cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1887-95. [PMID: 23690686 PMCID: PMC3656894 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s44695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A new nanostructured hydroxyapatite-coated porcine acellular dermal matrix (HAp-PADM) was fabricated by a biomimetic mineralization method. Human periodontal ligament stem cells were seeded on HAp-PADM and the effects of this scaffold on cell shape, cytoskeleton organization, cell viability, and osteogenic differentiation were examined. Periodontal ligament stem cells cultured on HAp-PADM exhibited different cell shape when compared with those on pure PADM. Moreover, HAp-PADM promoted cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly. Based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, the expression of bone-related markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN) upregulated in the HAp-PADM scaffold. The enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells on the HAp-PADM scaffold was proposed based on the research results. The results of this study highlight the micro-nano, two-level, three-dimensional HAp-PADM composite as a promising scaffold for periodontal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Periodontology, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Ergun A, Yu X, Valdevit A, Ritter A, Kalyon DM. Radially and axially graded multizonal bone graft substitutes targeting critical-sized bone defects from polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2426-36. [PMID: 22764839 PMCID: PMC3501112 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of critical sized defects via the utilization of polymeric bone graft substitutes are challenges. Here, we introduce radially and axially graded multizonal bone graft substitutes fabricated from polycaprolactone (PCL), and PCL biocomposites with osteoconductive particles, that is, hydroxyapatite (HA), and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP). The novel bone graft substitutes should provide a greater degree of freedom to the orthopedic surgeon especially for repair of critically sized bone defects. The modulus of the graft substitute could be tailored in the axial direction upon the systematic variation of the HA/TCP concentration, while in the radial direction the bone graft substitute consisted of an outer layer with high stiffness, encapsulating a softer core with greater porosity. The biocompatibility of the bone graft substitutes was investigated using in vitro culturing of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells followed by the analysis of cell proliferation and differentiation rates. The characterization of the tissue constructs included the enzymatic alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity, microcomputed tomography imaging, and polymerase chain reaction analysis involving the expressions of bone markers, that is, Runx2, ALP, collagen type I, osteopontin, and osteocalcin, overall demonstrating the differentiation of bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs) via osteogenic lineage and formation of mineralized bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Ergun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
| | - Antonio Valdevit
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
| | - Arthur Ritter
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
| | - Dilhan M. Kalyon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
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Hempel U, Möller S, Noack C, Hintze V, Scharnweber D, Schnabelrauch M, Dieter P. Sulfated hyaluronan/collagen I matrices enhance the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro even in the absence of dexamethasone. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:4064-72. [PMID: 22771456 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are multifunctional components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) involved in different steps of the regulation of cellular differentiation. In this study artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) consisting of collagen (Col) I and different GAG derivatives were used as a substrate for human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) to study osteogenic differentiation in vitro. hMSC were cultured on aECM containing col and hyaluronan sulfates (HyaS) with increasing degrees of sulfation (DS(S)) and were compared with aECM containing col and the natural GAG hyaluronan or chondroitin 4-sulfate. hMSC were analyzed for osteogenic differentiation markers such as calcium phosphate deposition, tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2), osteocalcin (ocn) and bone sialoprotein II (bspII). Compared with aECM containing Col and natural GAG all Col/HyaS-containing aECM induced an increase in calcium phosphate deposition, TNAP activity and tnap expression. These effects were also seen in the absence of dexamethasone (an established osteogenic supplement). The expression of runx2 and ocn was not altered and the expression of bspII was diminished on the col/HyaS-containing aECM. The impact of the Col/HyaS-containing aECM on hMSC differentiation was independent of the DS(S) of the HyaS derivatives, indicating the importance of the primary (C-6) hydroxyl group of N-acetylglucosamine. These results suggest that Col/HyaS-containing aECM are able to stimulate hMSC to undergo osteogenic differentiation even in the absence of dexamethasone, which makes these matrices an interesting tool for hMSC-based tissue engineering applications and biomaterial functionalizations to enhance bone formation.
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40
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Influence of BONITmatrix® and OSSA NOVA on the expression of bone specific genes. Ann Anat 2012; 194:524-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rodrigues MT, Lee SJ, Gomes ME, Reis RL, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Bilayered constructs aimed at osteochondral strategies: the influence of medium supplements in the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:2795-806. [PMID: 22510402 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of osteochondral tissue engineered interfaces would be a novel treatment for traumatic injuries and aging associated diseases that affect joints. This study reports the development of a bilayered scaffold, which consists of both bone and cartilage regions. On the other hand, amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) could be differentiated into either osteogenic or chondrogenic cells, respectively. In this study we have developed a bilayered scaffolding system, which includes a starch/polycaprolactone (SPCL) scaffold for osteogenesis and an agarose hydrogel for chondrogenesis. AFSC-seeded scaffolds were cultured for 1 or 2 weeks in an osteochondral-defined culture medium containing both osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation factors. Additionally, the effect of the presence or absence of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the culture medium was assessed. Cell viability and phenotypic expression were assessed within the constructs in order to determine the influence of the osteochondral differentiation medium. The results indicated that, after osteogenic differentiation, AFSCs that had been seeded onto SPCL scaffolds did not require osteochondral medium to maintain their phenotype, and they produced a protein-rich, mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) for up to 2 weeks. However, AFSCs differentiated into chondrocyte-like cells appeared to require osteochondral medium, but not IGF-1, to synthesize ECM proteins and maintain the chondrogenic phenotype. Thus, although IGF-1 was not essential for creating osteochondral constructs with AFSCs in this study, the osteochondral supplements used appear to be important to generate cartilage in long-term tissue engineering approaches for osteochondral interfaces. In addition, constructs generated from agarose-SPCL bilayered scaffolds containing pre-differentiated AFSCs may be useful for potential applications in regeneration strategies for damaged or diseased joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia T Rodrigues
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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42
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Baniwal SK, Shah PK, Shi Y, Haduong JH, Declerck YA, Gabet Y, Frenkel B. Runx2 promotes both osteoblastogenesis and novel osteoclastogenic signals in ST2 mesenchymal progenitor cells. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:1399-413. [PMID: 21881969 PMCID: PMC5771409 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We profiled the global gene expression of a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal pluripotent cell line in response to Runx2 expression. Besides osteoblast differentiation, Runx2 promoted the osteoclastogenesis of co-cultured splenocytes. This was attributable to the upregulation of many novel osteoclastogenic genes and the downregulation of anti-osteoclastogenic genes. INTRODUCTION In addition to being a master regulator for osteoblast differentiation, Runx2 controls osteoblast-driven osteoclastogenesis. Previous studies profiling gene expression during osteoblast differentiation had limited focus on Runx2 or paid little attention to its role in mediating osteoblast-driven osteoclastogenesis. METHODS ST2/Rx2(dox), a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal pluripotent cell line that expresses Runx2 in response to Doxycycline (Dox), was used to profile Runx2-induced gene expression changes. Runx2-induced osteoblast differentiation was assessed based on alkaline phosphatase staining and expression of classical marker genes. Osteoclastogenic potential was evaluated by TRAP staining of osteoclasts that differentiated from primary murine splenocytes co-cultured with the ST2/Rx2(dox) cells. The BeadChip™ platform (Illumina) was used to interrogate genome-wide expression changes in ST2/Rx2(dox) cultures after treatment with Dox or vehicle for 24 or 48 h. Expression of selected genes was also measured by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Dox-mediated Runx2 induction in ST2 cells stimulated their own differentiation along the osteoblast lineage and the differentiation of co-cultured splenocytes into osteoclasts. The latter was attributable to the stimulation of osteoclastogenic genes such as Sema7a, Ltc4s, Efnb1, Apcdd1, and Tnc as well as the inhibition of anti-osteoclastogenic genes such as Tnfrsf11b (OPG), Sema3a, Slco2b1, Ogn, Clec2d (Ocil), Il1rn, and Rspo2. CONCLUSION Direct control of osteoblast differentiation and concomitant indirect control of osteoclast differentiation, both through the activity of Runx2 in pre-osteoblasts, constitute a novel mechanism of coordination with a potential crucial role in coupling bone formation and resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Baniwal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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43
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Bramono DS, Murali S, Rai B, Ling L, Poh WT, Lim ZX, Stein GS, Nurcombe V, van Wijnen AJ, Cool SM. Bone marrow-derived heparan sulfate potentiates the osteogenic activity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Bone 2012; 50:954-64. [PMID: 22227436 PMCID: PMC3589980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lowering the efficacious dose of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) for the repair of critical-sized bone defects is highly desirable, as supra-physiological amounts of BMP-2 have an increased risk of side effects and a greater economic burden for the healthcare system. To address this need, we explored the use of heparan sulfate (HS), a structural analog of heparin, to enhance BMP-2 activity. We demonstrate that HS isolated from a bone marrow stromal cell line (HS-5) and heparin each enhances BMP-2-induced osteogenesis in C2C12 myoblasts through increased ALP activity and osteocalcin mRNA expression. Commercially available HS variants from porcine kidney and bovine lung do not generate effects as great as HS5. Heparin and HS5 influence BMP-2 activity by (i) prolonging BMP-2 half-life, (ii) reducing interactions between BMP-2 with its antagonist noggin, and (iii) modulating BMP2 distribution on the cell surface. Importantly, long-term supplementation of HS5 but not heparin greatly enhances BMP-2-induced bone formation in vitro and in vivo. These results show that bone marrow-derived HS effectively supports bone formation, and suggest its applicability in bone repair by selectively facilitating the delivery and bioavailability of BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diah S. Bramono
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Sadasivam Murali
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Bina Rai
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Ling Ling
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Wei Theng Poh
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Zophia Xuehui Lim
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
| | - Gary S. Stein
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Simon M. Cool
- Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074
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44
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Environmental parameters influence non-viral transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering applications. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 347:689-99. [PMID: 22277991 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-viral transfection is a promising technique that could be used to increase the therapeutic potential of stem cells. The purpose of this study was to explore practical culture parameters of relevance in potential human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) clinical and tissue engineering applications, including type of polycationic transfection reagent, N/P ratio and dose of polycation/pDNA polyplexes, cell passage number, cell density and cell proliferation. The non-viral transfection efficiency was significantly influenced by N/P ratio, polyplex dose, cell density and cell passage number. hMSC culture conditions that inhibited cell division also decreased transfection efficiency, suggesting that strategies to promote hMSC proliferation may be useful to enhance transfection efficiency in future tissue engineering studies. Non-viral transfection treatments influenced hMSC phenotype, including the expression level of the hMSC marker CD105 and the ability of hMSCs to differentiate down the osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. The parameters found here to promote hMSC transfection efficiency, minimize toxicity and influence hMSC phenotype may be instructive in future non-viral transfection studies and tissue engineering applications.
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45
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Ergun A, Chung R, Ward D, Valdevit A, Ritter A, Kalyon DM. Unitary bioresorbable cage/core bone graft substitutes for spinal arthrodesis coextruded from polycaprolactone biocomposites. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 40:1073-87. [PMID: 22179683 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A unitary bioresorbable cage/core bone graft substitute consisting of a stiff cage and a softer core with interconnected porosity is offered for spinal arthrodesis. Polycaprolactone, PCL, was used as the matrix and hydroxyapatite, HA, and β-tricalcium phosphate, TCP, were used in the formulation of the cage layer to impart modulus increase and osteoconductivity while the core consisted solely of PCL. The crystallinity, biodegradation rate (under accelerated conditions) and mechanical properties, i.e., the uniaxial compression, relaxation modulus upon step compression and cyclic compressive fatigue properties, of the co-extruded cage/core bone graft substitutes could be manipulated by changes in the concentration of HA/TCP in the cage layer. The cyclic fatigue behavior of the cage/core bone graft substitutes were also compared to the behavior of bovine vertebral cancellous bone characterized under similar testing conditions. The biocompatibility of the cage/core bone graft substitutes were assessed via in vitro culturing of human bone marrow derived stromal cells, BMSCs. The cell proliferation rates, time dependencies of the alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity and the expressions of bone markers, i.e., Runx2, ALP, collagen type I, osteopontin and osteocalcin, and the collected μ-CT images demonstrated the differentiation of BMSCs via osteogenic lineage and formation of mineralized bone tissue to indicate the biocompatibility of the cage/core bone graft substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Ergun
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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46
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Kim HN, Min WK, Jeong JH, Kim SG, Kim JR, Kim SY, Choi JY, Park BC. Combination of Runx2 and BMP2 increases conversion of human ligamentum flavum cells into osteoblastic cells. BMB Rep 2011; 44:446-51. [PMID: 21777514 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2011.44.7.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of fibroblasts into osteoblasts requires the activation of key signaling pathways, including the BMP pathway. Although Runx2 is known to be a component of the BMP pathway, the combination of Runx2 and BMP2 has not yet been examined with respect to the conversion of fibroblasts into osteoblasts. Here, human ligamentum flavum (LF) fibroblast- like cells from six patients were tested for their conversion into osteoblasts using adenoviruses expressing Runx2 or BMP2. The forced expression of Runx2 or BMP2 in primary cultured LF cells resulted in a variety of proliferation and differentiation behaviors. Combined treatment of BMP2 plus Runx2 resulted in better osteoblastic differentiation than treatment with either component alone. These results indicate that the Runx2 and BMP2 pathways possess both common and independent target genes. Collectively, Runx2 plus BMP2 mediated efficient conversion of fibroblast-like LF cells into osteoblast- like cells, suggesting the possible use of these components for clinical applications such as spinal fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Nam Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CMRI, Skeletal Diseases Genome Research Center, WCU Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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47
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Ensley AE, Nerem RM, Anderson DEJ, Hanson SR, Hinds MT. Fluid shear stress alters the hemostatic properties of endothelial outgrowth cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 18:127-36. [PMID: 21787250 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface endothelialization is an attractive means to improve the performance of small diameter vascular grafts. While endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs) are considered a promising source of autologous endothelium, the ability of EOCs to modulate coagulation-related blood activities is not well understood. The goal of this study was to assess the role of arterial flow conditions on the thrombogenic phenotype of EOCs. EOCs derived from baboon peripheral blood, as well as mature arterial endothelial cells from baboons, were seeded onto adsorbed collagen, then exposed to physiologic levels of fluid shear stress. For important hemostatic pathways, cellular responses to shear stress were characterized at the gene and protein level and confirmed with a functional assay for activated protein C (APC) activity. For EOCs, fluid shear stress upregulated gene and protein expression of anticoagulant and platelet inhibitory factors, including thrombomodulin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and nitric oxide synthase 3 (eNOS). Fluid shear stress significantly altered the functional activity of EOCs by increasing APC levels. This study demonstrates that fluid shear stress is an important determinant of EOC hemostatic properties. Accordingly, manipulation of EOC phenotype by mechanical forces may be important for the development of thrombo-resistant surfaces on engineered vascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Ensley
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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48
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Kim K, Dean D, Wallace J, Breithaupt R, Mikos AG, Fisher JP. The influence of stereolithographic scaffold architecture and composition on osteogenic signal expression with rat bone marrow stromal cells. Biomaterials 2011; 32:3750-63. [PMID: 21396709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold design parameters, especially physical construction factors such as mechanical stiffness of substrate materials, pore size of 3D porous scaffolds, and channel geometry, are known to influence the osteogenic signal expression and subsequent differentiation of a transplanted cell population. In this study of photocrosslinked poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) and diethyl fumarate (DEF) scaffolds, the effect of DEF incorporation ratio and pore size on the osteogenic signal expression of rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) was investigated. Results demonstrated that DEF concentrations and pore sizes that led to increased scaffold mechanical stiffness also upregulated osteogenic signal expression, including bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), fibroblast growth factors-2 (FGF-2), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Runx2 transcriptional factor. Similar scaffold fabrication parameters supported rapid BMSC osteoblastic differentiation, as demonstrated by increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin expression. When scaffolds with random architecture, fabricated by porogen leaching, were compared to those with controlled architecture, fabricated by stereolithography (SLA), results showed that SLA scaffolds with the highly permeable and porous channels also have significantly higher expression of FGF-2, TGF-β1, and VEGF. Subsequent ALP expression and osteopontin secretion were also significantly increased in SLA scaffolds. Based upon these results, we conclude that scaffold properties provided by additive manufacturing techniques such as SLA fabrication, particularly increased mechanical stiffness and high permeability, may stimulate dramatic BMSC responses that promote rapid bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 3238 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States
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Lai QG, Yuan KF, Xu X, Li DR, Li GJ, Wei FL, Yang ZJ, Luo SL, Tang XP, Li S. Transcription factor osterix modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhance callus formation during distraction osteogenesis. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2011; 111:412-9. [PMID: 20813560 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of local delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) with or without osterix (OSX) gene transfected on bone regeneration in the distracted zone using a rabbit model of mandibular lengthening. Fifty-four New Zealand white rabbits underwent osteodistraction of the left mandible and were then randomly divided into group A, group B, and group C (n = 18 for each group). At the end of distraction BMMSCs transfected with OSX, autologous BMMSCs and physiological saline were injected into the distraction gaps in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Nine animals from each group were humanely killed at 2 and 6 weeks after completion of distraction. The distracted mandibles were harvested and processed for radiographic, histological, and immunohistochemical examination. Excellent bone formation in the distracted callus was observed in group A and group B; the former showed better bone formation and highest bone mineral density (BMD), thickness of new trabeculae (TNT, mm) and volumes of the newly formed bone area (NBV) in the distraction zones. Group C animals showed poor bone formation in the distracted callus when compared with groups A and B. Positive immunostaining of bone sialoprotein (BSP) was observed in the distracted callus in all groups; however, BSP expression was much stronger in group A than in groups B and C. The results of this study suggest transplantation of BMMSCs can promote bone formation in DO; OSX-mediated ex vivo gene therapy was more effective during bone deposition and callus formation in distraction osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Guo Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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50
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Takahashi T. Overexpression of Runx2 and MKP-1 stimulates transdifferentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into bone-forming osteoblasts in vitro. Calcif Tissue Int 2011; 88:336-47. [PMID: 21258786 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-011-9461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Runx2, a transcription factor, is essential for osteoblastic differentiation, bone formation, and maintenance. We examined the effect of Runx2 on transdifferentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into functional, mature osteoblasts. Forced expression of exogenous Runx2 using a retroviral gene-delivery system showed increases of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of the osteoblastic marker genes osteocalcin (OC), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osterix (Osx), accompanied by low-level matrix mineralization. In contrast, adipocytic differentiation was completely blocked with downregulation of adipogenic transcription factors PPARγ2, C/EBPα, and C/EBPδ. Treatment of dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, stimulated the formation of mineralized nodules in Runx2-overexpressing 3T3-L1 cells with increases of ALP, OC, BSP, and Osx expression. Here, we focused on a dual specific phosphatase, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MKP-1), since Dex significantly increased MKP-1 expression in Runx2-overexpressing 3T3-L1 cells. Forced expression of exogenous MKP-1 resulted in accumulation of robust matrix mineralization in parallel with induction of ALP activity and expression of OC, BSP, and Osx in Runx2-overexpressing 3T3-L1 cells. These results suggest that simultaneous overexpression of Runx2 and MKP-1 is effective for transdifferentiation of preadipocytes into fully differentiated bone-forming osteoblasts and provide a novel strategy for cell-based therapeutic applications requiring significant numbers of osteogenic cells to synthesize mineralized constructs for the treatment of large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomihisa Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
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