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Sierra-Sánchez Á, Magne B, Savard E, Martel C, Ferland K, Barbier MA, Demers A, Larouche D, Arias-Santiago S, Germain L. In vitro comparison of human plasma-based and self-assembled tissue-engineered skin substitutes: two different manufacturing processes for the treatment of deep and difficult to heal injuries. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad043. [PMID: 37908563 PMCID: PMC10615253 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this in vitro study was to compare side-by-side two models of human bilayered tissue-engineered skin substitutes (hbTESSs) designed for the treatment of severely burned patients. These are the scaffold-free self-assembled skin substitute (SASS) and the human plasma-based skin substitute (HPSS). Methods Fibroblasts and keratinocytes from three humans were extracted from skin biopsies (N = 3) and cells from the same donor were used to produce both hbTESS models. For SASS manufacture, keratinocytes were seeded over three self-assembled dermal sheets comprising fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix they produced (n = 12), while for HPSS production, keratinocytes were cultured over hydrogels composed of fibroblasts embedded in either plasma as unique biomaterial (Fibrin), plasma combined with hyaluronic acid (Fibrin-HA) or plasma combined with collagen (Fibrin-Col) (n/biomaterial = 9). The production time was 46-55 days for SASSs and 32-39 days for HPSSs. Substitutes were characterized by histology, mechanical testing, PrestoBlue™-assay, immunofluorescence (Ki67, Keratin (K) 10, K15, K19, Loricrin, type IV collagen) and Western blot (type I and IV collagens). Results The SASSs were more resistant to tensile forces (p-value < 0.01) but less elastic (p-value < 0.001) compared to HPSSs. A higher number of proliferative Ki67+ cells were found in SASSs although their metabolic activity was lower. After epidermal differentiation, no significant difference was observed in the expression of K10, K15, K19 and Loricrin. Overall, the production of type I and type IV collagens and the adhesive strength of the dermal-epidermal junction was higher in SASSs. Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, that both hbTESS models present similar in vitro biological characteristics. However, mechanical properties differ and future in vivo experiments will aim to compare their wound healing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular (UPCIT), Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, ibs. GRANADA, Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas, Nº2, 4ª Planta Ed. de Gobierno, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Brice Magne
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Etienne Savard
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christian Martel
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Karel Ferland
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Martin A Barbier
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anabelle Demers
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular (UPCIT), Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, ibs. GRANADA, Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas, Nº2, 4ª Planta Ed. de Gobierno, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Av. Madrid, Nº11–15, 18012, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Av. de la Investigación, Nº11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Lucie Germain
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
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Magne B, Demers A, Savard É, Lemire-Rondeau M, Veillette N, Pruneau V, Guignard R, Morissette A, Larouche D, Auger FA, Germain L. Speeding up the Production of Clinical-Grade Skin Substitutes Using Off-the-shelf Decellularized Self-Assembled Dermal Matrices. Acta Biomater 2023:S1742-7061(23)00318-5. [PMID: 37285897 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with deep and extensive wounds need urgent skin coverage to re-establish the cutaneous barrier that prevents life-threatening infections and dehydration. However, the current clinically-available skin substitutes intended for permanent coverage are limited in number, and a trade-off between production time and quality must be made. Here, we report the use of decellularized self-assembled dermal matrices to reduce by half the manufacturing process time of clinical-grade skin substitutes. These decellularized matrices can be stored for over 18 months and recellularized with patients' cells in order to generate skin substitutes that show outstanding histological and mechanical properties in vitro. Once grafted in mice, these substitutes persist over weeks with high graft take, few contraction events, and high stem cell content. These next-generation skin substitutes constitute a substantial advancement in the treatment of major burn patients, combining, for the first time, high functionality, rapid manufacturability and easy handling for surgeons and healthcare practitioners. Future clinical trials will be conducted to assess the advantages of these substitutes over existing treatments. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The number of patients in need for organ transplantation is ever-growing and there is a shortage in tissue and organ donors. In this study, we show for the first time that we can preserve decellularized self-assembled tissues and keep them in storage. Then, in only three weeks we can use them to produce bilayered skin substitutes that have properties very close to those of the native human skin. These findings therefore represent a major step forward in the field of tissue engineering and organ transplantation, paving the way toward a universal off-the-shelf biomaterial for tissue reconstruction and surgery that will be beneficial for many clinicians and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Magne
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Anabelle Demers
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Étienne Savard
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Marika Lemire-Rondeau
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Noémie Veillette
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Virgile Pruneau
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Rina Guignard
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Amélie Morissette
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - François A Auger
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
| | - Lucie Germain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.; Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX; CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center.
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A Newly Developed Chemically Defined Serum-Free Medium Suitable for Human Primary Keratinocyte Culture and Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031821. [PMID: 36768144 PMCID: PMC9915451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In our experience, keratinocytes cultured in feeder-free conditions and in commercially available defined and serum-free media cannot be as efficiently massively expanded as their counterparts grown in conventional bovine serum-containing medium, nor can they properly form a stratified epidermis in a skin substitute model. We thus tested a new chemically defined serum-free medium, which we developed for massive human primary keratinocyte expansion and skin substitute production. Our medium, named Surge Serum-Free Medium (Surge SFM), was developed to be used alongside a feeder layer. It supports the growth of keratinocytes freshly isolated from a skin biopsy and cryopreserved primary keratinocytes in cultured monolayers over multiple passages. We also show that keratin-19-positive epithelial stem cells are retained through serial passaging in Surge SFM cultures. Transcriptomic analyses suggest that gene expression is similar between keratinocytes cultured with either Surge SFM or the conventional serum-containing medium. Additionally, Surge SFM can be used to produce bilayered self-assembled skin substitutes histologically similar to those produced using serum-containing medium. Furthermore, these substitutes were grafted onto athymic mice and persisted for up to six months. In conclusion, our new chemically defined serum-free keratinocyte culture medium shows great promise for basic research and clinical applications.
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Mok BR, Shon SJ, Kim AR, Simard-Bisson C, Martel I, Germain L, Kim DH, Shin JU. Structural and Functional Validation of a Full-Thickness Self-Assembled Skin Equivalent for Disease Modeling. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1211. [PMID: 35745784 PMCID: PMC9231172 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, various types of in vitro-reconstructed 3D skin models have been developed for drug testing and disease modeling. Herein, we structurally and functionally validated a self-assembled reconstructed skin equivalent (RSE) and developed an IL-17a-induced in vitro psoriasis-like model using a self-assembled RSE. The tissue engineering approach was used to construct the self-assembled RSE. The dermal layer was generated using fibroblasts secreting their own ECM, and the epidermal layer was reconstructed by seeding keratinocytes on the dermal layer. To generate the psoriatic model, IL-17A was added to the culture medium during the air-liquid interface culture period. Self-assembled RSE resulted in a fully differentiated epidermal layer, a well-established basement membrane, and dermal collagen deposition. In addition, self-assembled RSE was tested for 20 reference chemicals according to the Performance Standard of OECD TG439 and showed overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100%, 90%, and 95%, respectively. The IL-17a-treated psoriatic RSE model exhibited psoriatic epidermal characteristics, such as epidermal hyperproliferation, parakeratosis, and increased expression of KRT6, KRT17, hBD2, and S100A9. Thus, our results suggest that a self-assembled RSE that structurally and functionally mimics the human skin has a great potential for testing various drugs or cosmetic ingredients and modeling inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Mok
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (B.R.M.); (S.-J.S.); (A.R.K.)
| | - Su-Ji Shon
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (B.R.M.); (S.-J.S.); (A.R.K.)
| | - A Ram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (B.R.M.); (S.-J.S.); (A.R.K.)
| | - Carolyne Simard-Bisson
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J1Z4, Canada; (C.S.-B.); (I.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Israël Martel
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J1Z4, Canada; (C.S.-B.); (I.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J1Z4, Canada; (C.S.-B.); (I.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13497, Korea;
| | - Jung U Shin
- Department of Dermatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13497, Korea;
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Caneparo C, Sorroza-Martinez L, Chabaud S, Fradette J, Bolduc S. Considerations for the clinical use of stem cells in genitourinary regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1480-1512. [PMID: 34786154 PMCID: PMC8567446 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genitourinary tract can be affected by several pathologies which require repair or replacement to recover biological functions. Current therapeutic strategies are challenged by a growing shortage of adequate tissues. Therefore, new options must be considered for the treatment of patients, with the use of stem cells (SCs) being attractive. Two different strategies can be derived from stem cell use: Cell therapy and tissue therapy, mainly through tissue engineering. The recent advances using these approaches are described in this review, with a focus on stromal/mesenchymal cells found in adipose tissue. Indeed, the accessibility, high yield at harvest as well as anti-fibrotic, immunomodulatory and proangiogenic properties make adipose-derived stromal/SCs promising alternatives to the therapies currently offered to patients. Finally, an innovative technique allowing tissue reconstruction without exogenous material, the self-assembly approach, will be presented. Despite advances, more studies are needed to translate such approaches from the bench to clinics in urology. For the 21st century, cell and tissue therapies based on SCs are certainly the future of genitourinary regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Caneparo
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
| | - Luis Sorroza-Martinez
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
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Zhang Q, Wen J, Liu C, Ma C, Bai F, Leng X, Chen Z, Xie Z, Mi J, Wu X. Early-stage bilayer tissue-engineered skin substitute formed by adult skin progenitor cells produces an improved skin structure in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:407. [PMID: 32948249 PMCID: PMC7501683 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, significant progress has been made in developing highly complex tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs) for wound healing. However, the lack of skin appendages, such as hair follicles and sweat glands, and the time required, are two major limitations that hinder its broad application in the clinic. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a competent TESS in a short time to meet the needs for clinical applications. METHODS Adult scalp dermal progenitor cells and epidermal stem cells together with type I collagen as a scaffold material were used to reconstitute bilayer TESSs in vitro. TESSs at 4 different culture times (5, 9, 14, and 21 days) were collected and then grafted onto full-thickness wounds created in the dorsal skin of athymic nude/nude mice. The skin specimens formed from grafted TESSs were collected 4 and 8 weeks later and then evaluated for their structure, cell organization, differentiation status, vascularization, and formation of appendages by histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS Early-stage bilayer TESSs after transplantation had a better efficiency of grafting. A normal structure of stratified epidermis containing multiple differentiated layers of keratinocytes was formed in all grafts from both early-stage and late-stage TESSs, but higher levels of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and the epidermal progenitor marker p63 were found in the epidermis formed from early-stage TESSs. Interestingly, the transplantation of early-stage TESSs produced a thicker dermis that contained more vimentin- and CD31-positive cells, and importantly, hair follicle formation was only observed in the skin grafted from early-stage TESSs. Finally, early-stage TESSs expressed high levels of p63 but had low expression levels of genes involved in the activation of the apoptotic pathway compared to the late-stage TESSs in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Early-stage bilayer TESSs reconstituted from skin progenitor cells contained more competent cells with less activation of the apoptotic pathway and produced a better skin structure, including hair follicles associated with sebaceous glands, after transplantation, which should potentially provide better wound healing when applied in the clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuxiang Bai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Leng
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiwei Xie
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Center Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Mi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xunwei Wu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Smith A, Huang M, Watkins T, Burguin F, Baskin J, Garlick JA. De novo production of human extracellular matrix supports increased throughput and cellular complexity in 3D skin equivalent model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1019-1027. [PMID: 32483913 DOI: 10.1002/term.3071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) tissue models of human skin are being developed to better understand disease phenotypes and to screen new drugs for potential therapies. Several factors will increase the value of these in vitro 3D skin tissues for these purposes. These include the need for human-derived extracellular matrix (ECM), higher throughput tissue formats, and greater cellular complexity. Here, we present an approach for the fabrication of 3D skin-like tissues as a platform that addresses these three considerations. We demonstrate that human adult and neonatal fibroblasts deposit an endogenous ECM de novo that serves as an effective stroma for full epithelial tissue development and differentiation. We have miniaturized these tissues to a 24-well format to adapt them for eventual higher throughput drug screening. We have shown that monocytes from the peripheral blood can be incorporated into this model as macrophages to increase tissue complexity. This humanized skin-like tissue decreases dependency on animal-derived ECM while increasing cellular complexity that can enable screening inflammatory responses in tissue models of human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Smith
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Trishawna Watkins
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fiona Burguin
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy Baskin
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Garlick
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Le-Bel G, Cortez Ghio S, Guérin LP, Bisson F, Germain L, Guérin SL. Irradiated Human Fibroblasts as a Substitute Feeder Layer to Irradiated Mouse 3T3 for the Culture of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells: Impact on the Stability of the Transcription Factors Sp1 and NFI. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246296. [PMID: 31847118 PMCID: PMC6940969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the worldwide shortage of graftable corneas, alternatives to restore visual impairments, such as the production of a functional human cornea by tissue engineering, have emerged. Self-renewal of the corneal epithelium through the maintenance of a sub-population of corneal stem cells is required to maintain the functionality of such a reconstructed cornea. We previously reported an association between stem cell differentiation and the level to which they express the transcription factors Sp1 and NFI. In this study, we investigated the impact of replacing irradiated 3T3 (i3T3) murine fibroblast feeder cells by irradiated human corneal fibroblasts (iHFL) on the expression of Sp1 and NFI and evaluated their contribution to the proliferative properties of human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) in both monolayer cultures and human tissue engineered corneas (hTECs). hCECs co-cultured with iHFL could be maintained for up to two more passages than when they were grown with i3T3. Western Blot and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) revealed no significant difference in the feeder-layer dependent increase in Sp1 at both the protein and DNA binding level, respectively, between HCECs grown with either i3T3 or iHFL. On the other hand, a significant increase in the expression and DNA binding of NFI was observed at each subsequent passage when hCECs were co-cultured along with i3T3. These changes were found to result from an increased expression of the NFIA and NFIB isoforms in hCECs grown with i3T3. Exposure of hCECs to cycloheximide revealed an increased stability of NFIB that likely resulted from post-translational glycosylation of this protein when these cells were co-cultured with i3T3. In addition, iHFL were as efficient as i3T3 at preserving corneal, slow-cycling, epithelial stem cells in the basal epithelium of the reconstructed hTECs. Furthermore, we observed an increased expression of genes whose encoded products promote hCECs differentiation along several passages in hCECs co-cultured with either type of feeder layer. Therefore, the iHFL feeder layer appears to be the most effective at maintaining the proliferative properties of hCECs in culture most likely by preserving high levels of Sp1 and low levels of NFIB, which is known for its gene repressor and cell differentiation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sergio Cortez Ghio
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Louis-Philippe Guérin
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Francis Bisson
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-682-7565
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Obara K, Tohgi N, Mii S, Hamada Y, Arakawa N, Aki R, Singh SR, Hoffman RM, Amoh Y. Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent stem cells derived from cryopreserved intact human hair follicles sustain multilineage differentiation potential. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9326. [PMID: 31249324 PMCID: PMC6597789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The bulge area of the hair follicle contains hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells. Here, we present effective cryopreservation procedures of the human hair follicle that preserve the differentiation potential of HAP stem cells. Whole hair follicles isolated from human scalp were cryopreserved by a slow-rate cooling medium and stored in liquid nitrogen. A careful thawing method was used to collect the upper parts of the human hair follicles which were cultured for four weeks in a Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium with fetal bovine serum (FBS). Proliferating hair follicle cells were then shifted to DMEM/Ham’s Nutrient Mixture F-12 medium without FBS and allowed to grow for one week. These proliferating cells were able to produce HAP stem cell colonies with multilineage differentiation capacity. They produced keratinocytes, smooth muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells, neurons and glial cells. Interestingly, these cryopreserved hair follicles produced pluripotent HAP stem cell colonies similar to fresh follicles. These findings suggest that the cryopreserved whole human hair follicle preserves the ability to produce HAP stem cells, which will enable any individual to preserve a bank of these stem cells for personalized regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koya Obara
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tohgi
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Sumiyuki Mii
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuko Hamada
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Aki
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shree Ram Singh
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, 92111, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA.
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan.
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Characterization of a Cell-Assembled extracellular Matrix and the effect of the devitalization process. Acta Biomater 2018; 82:56-67. [PMID: 30296619 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that the Cell-Assembled extracellular Matrix (CAM) synthesized by normal, human, skin fibroblasts in vitro can be assembled in a completely biological vascular graft that was successfully tested in the clinic. The goal of this study was to perform a detailed analysis of the composition and the organization of this truly bio-material. In addition, we investigated whether the devitalization process (dehydration) used to store the CAM, and thus, make the material available "off-the-shelf," could negatively affect its organization and mechanical properties. We demonstrated that neither the thickness nor the mechanical strength of CAM sheets were significantly changed by the dehydration/freezing/rehydration cycle. The identification of over 50 extracellular matrix proteins highlighted the complex composition of the CAM. Histology showed intense collagen and glycosaminoglycan staining throughout the CAM sheet. The distribution of collagen I, collagen VI, thrombospondin-1, fibronectin-1, fibrillin-1, biglycan, decorin, lumican and versican showed various patterns that were not affected by the devitalization process. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that the remarkably dense collagen network was oriented in the plane of the sheet and that neither fibril density nor diameter was changed by devitalization. Second harmonic generation microscopy revealed an intricate, multi-scale, native-like collagen fiber orientation. In conclusion, this bio-material displayed many tissue-like properties that could support normal cell-ECM interactions and allow implantation without triggering degradative responses from the host's innate immune system. This is consistent with its success in vivo. In addition, the CAM can be devitalized without affecting its mechanical or unique biological architecture. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The extracellular matrix (ECM) defines biological function and mechanical properties of tissues and organs. A number of promising tissue engineering approaches have used processed ECM from cadaver/animal tissues or cell-assembled ECM in vitro combined with scaffolds. We have shown the clinical potential of a scaffold-free approach based on an entirely biological material produced by human cells in culture without chemical processing. Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the properties of what can truly be called a bio-material. We also demonstrate that this material can be stored dried without losing its remarkable biological architecture.
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Engineering Tissues without the Use of a Synthetic Scaffold: A Twenty-Year History of the Self-Assembly Method. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5684679. [PMID: 29707571 PMCID: PMC5863296 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5684679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, Dr. François A. Auger, the founder of the Laboratory of Experimental Organogenesis (LOEX), introduced the self-assembly technique. This innovative technique relies on the ability of dermal fibroblasts to produce and assemble their own extracellular matrix, differing from all other tissue-engineering techniques that use preformed synthetic scaffolds. Nevertheless, the use of the self-assembly technique was limited for a long time due to its main drawbacks: time and cost. Recent scientific breakthroughs have addressed these limitations. New protocol modifications that aim at increasing the rate of extracellular matrix formation have been proposed to reduce the production costs and laboratory handling time of engineered tissues. Moreover, the introduction of vascularization strategies in vitro permits the formation of capillary-like networks within reconstructed tissues. These optimization strategies enable the large-scale production of inexpensive native-like substitutes using the self-assembly technique. These substitutes can be used to reconstruct three-dimensional models free of exogenous materials for clinical and fundamental applications.
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12
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Beaudoin Cloutier C, Goyer B, Perron C, Guignard R, Larouche D, Moulin VJ, Germain L, Gauvin R, Auger FA. In Vivo Evaluation and Imaging of a Bilayered Self-Assembled Skin Substitute Using a Decellularized Dermal Matrix Grafted on Mice. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:313-322. [PMID: 27958884 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As time to final coverage is the essence for better survival outcome in severely burned patients, we have continuously strived to reduce the duration for the preparation of our bilayered self-assembled skin substitutes (SASS). These SASS produced in vitro by the self-assembly approach have a structure and functionality very similar to native skin. Recently, we have shown that a decellularized dermal matrix preproduced by the self-assembly approach could be used as a template to further obtain self-assembled skin substitute using a decellularized dermal template (SASS-DM) in vitro. Thus, the production period with patient cells was then reduced to about 1 month. Herein, preclinical animal experiments have been performed to confirm the integration and evolution of such a graft and compare the maturation of SASS and SASS-DM in vivo. Both tissues, reconstructed from adult or newborn cells, were grafted on athymic mice. Green fluorescent protein-transfected keratinocytes were also used to follow grafted tissues weekly for 6 weeks using an in vivo imaging system (IVIS). Cell architecture and differentiation were studied with histological and immunofluorescence analyses at each time point. Graft integration, macroscopic evolution, histological analyses, and expression of skin differentiation markers were similar between both skin substitutes reconstructed from either newborn or adult cells, and IVIS observations confirmed the efficient engraftment of SASS-DM. In conclusion, our in vivo graft experiments on a mouse model demonstrated that the SASS-DM had equivalent macroscopic, histological, and differentiation evolution over a 6-week period, when compared with the SASS. The tissue-engineered SASS-DM could improve clinical availability and advantageously shorten the time necessary for the definitive wound coverage of severely burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanel Beaudoin Cloutier
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada .,3 Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal , Quebec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Goyer
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cindy Perron
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rina Guignard
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Gauvin
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,4 Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) , Quebec, Canada
| | - François A Auger
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
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Larouche D, Cantin-Warren L, Desgagné M, Guignard R, Martel I, Ayoub A, Lavoie A, Gauvin R, Auger FA, Moulin VJ, Germain L. Improved Methods to Produce Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes Suitable for the Permanent Closure of Full-Thickness Skin Injuries. Biores Open Access 2016; 5:320-329. [PMID: 27872793 PMCID: PMC5116653 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2016.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a clinical need for skin substitutes to replace full-thickness skin loss. Our group has developed a bilayered skin substitute produced from the patient's own fibroblasts and keratinocytes referred to as Self-Assembled Skin Substitute (SASS). After cell isolation and expansion, the current time required to produce SASS is 45 days. We aimed to optimize the manufacturing process to standardize the production of SASS and to reduce production time. The new approach consisted in seeding keratinocytes on a fibroblast-derived tissue sheet before its detachment from the culture plate. Four days following keratinocyte seeding, the resulting tissue was stacked on two fibroblast-derived tissue sheets and cultured at the air–liquid interface for 10 days. The resulting total production time was 31 days. An alternative method adapted to more contractile fibroblasts was also developed. It consisted in adding a peripheral frame before seeding fibroblasts in the culture plate. SASSs produced by both new methods shared similar histology, contractile behavior in vitro and in vivo evolution after grafting onto mice when compared with SASSs produced by the 45-day standard method. In conclusion, the new approach for the production of high-quality human skin substitutes should allow an earlier autologous grafting for the treatment of severely burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Larouche
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurence Cantin-Warren
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Desgagné
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Rina Guignard
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Israël Martel
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Akram Ayoub
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Amélie Lavoie
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Gauvin
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada.; Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF), Québec, Canada
| | - François A Auger
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
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Miller KJ, Brown DA, Ibrahim MM, Ramchal TD, Levinson H. MicroRNAs in skin tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 88:16-36. [PMID: 25953499 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
35.2 million annual cases in the U.S. require clinical intervention for major skin loss. To meet this demand, the field of skin tissue engineering has grown rapidly over the past 40 years. Traditionally, skin tissue engineering relies on the "cell-scaffold-signal" approach, whereby isolated cells are formulated into a three-dimensional substrate matrix, or scaffold, and exposed to the proper molecular, physical, and/or electrical signals to encourage growth and differentiation. However, clinically available bioengineered skin equivalents (BSEs) suffer from a number of drawbacks, including time required to generate autologous BSEs, poor allogeneic BSE survival, and physical limitations such as mass transfer issues. Additionally, different types of skin wounds require different BSE designs. MicroRNA has recently emerged as a new and exciting field of RNA interference that can overcome the barriers of BSE design. MicroRNA can regulate cellular behavior, change the bioactive milieu of the skin, and be delivered to skin tissue in a number of ways. While it is still in its infancy, the use of microRNAs in skin tissue engineering offers the opportunity to both enhance and expand a field for which there is still a vast unmet clinical need. Here we give a review of skin tissue engineering, focusing on the important cellular processes, bioactive mediators, and scaffolds. We further discuss potential microRNA targets for each individual component, and we conclude with possible future applications.
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Bisson F, Paquet C, Bourget JM, Zaniolo K, Rochette PJ, Landreville S, Damour O, Boudreau F, Auger FA, Guérin SL, Germain L. Contribution of Sp1 to Telomerase Expression and Activity in Skin Keratinocytes Cultured With a Feeder Layer. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:308-17. [PMID: 24962522 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The growth of primary keratinocytes is improved by culturing them with a feeder layer. The aim of this study was to assess whether the feeder layer increases the lifespan of cultured epithelial cells by maintaining or improving telomerase activity and expression. The addition of an irradiated fibroblast feeder layer of either human or mouse origin (i3T3) helped maintain telomerase activity as well as expression of the transcription factor Sp1 in cultured keratinocytes. In contrast, senescence occurred earlier, together with a reduction of Sp1 expression and telomerase activity, in keratinocytes cultured without a feeder layer. Telomerase activity was consistently higher in keratinocytes grown on the three different feeder layers tested relative to cells grown without them. Suppression of Sp1 expression by RNA inhibition (RNAi) reduced both telomerase expression and activity in keratinocytes and also abolished their long-term growth capacity suggesting that Sp1 is a key regulator of both telomerase gene expression and cell cycle progression of primary cultured human skin keratinocytes. The results of the present study therefore suggest that the beneficial influence of the feeder layer relies on its ability to preserve telomerase activity in cultured human keratinocytes through the maintenance of stable levels of Sp1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Bisson
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudie Paquet
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Bourget
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Zaniolo
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- CUO-Recherche, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick J Rochette
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- CUO-Recherche, Québec, Canada
- Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Solange Landreville
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- CUO-Recherche, Québec, Canada
- Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Odile Damour
- Banque de Tissus et Cellules HCL, Laboratoire des Substituts Cutanés (LSC) CNRS UPR-412, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - François Boudreau
- Département d'Anatomie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - François A Auger
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- CUO-Recherche, Québec, Canada
- Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvain L Guérin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- CUO-Recherche, Québec, Canada
- Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- CUO-Recherche, Québec, Canada
- Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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16
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Hayward CJ, Fradette J, Morissette Martin P, Guignard R, Germain L, Auger FA. Using human umbilical cord cells for tissue engineering: a comparison with skin cells. Differentiation 2014; 87:172-81. [PMID: 24930038 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial cells and Wharton׳s jelly cells (WJC) from the human umbilical cord have yet to be extensively studied in respect to their capacity to generate tissue-engineered substitutes for clinical applications. Our reconstruction strategy, based on the self-assembly approach of tissue engineering, allows the production of various types of living human tissues such as skin and cornea from a wide range of cell types originating from post-natal tissue sources. Here we placed epithelial cells and WJC from the umbilical cord in the context of a reconstructed skin substitute in combination with skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts. We compared the ability of the epithelial cells from both sources to generate a stratified, differentiated skin-like epithelium upon exposure to air when cultured on the two stromal cell types. Conversely, the ability of the WJC to behave as dermal fibroblasts, producing extracellular matrix and supporting the formation of a differentiated epithelium for both types of epithelial cells, was also investigated. Of the four types of constructs produced, the combination of WJC and keratinocytes was the most similar to skin engineered from dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. When cultured on dermal fibroblasts, the cord epithelial cells were able to differentiate in vitro into a stratified multilayered epithelium expressing molecules characteristic of keratinocyte differentiation after exposure to air, and maintaining the expression of keratins K18 and K19, typical of the umbilical cord epithelium. WJC were able to support the growth and differentiation of keratinocytes, especially at the early stages of air-liquid culture. In contrast, cord epithelial cells cultured on WJC did not form a differentiated epidermis when exposed to air. These results support the premise that the tissue from which cells originate can largely affect the properties and homoeostasis of reconstructed substitutes featuring both epithelial and stromal compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy J Hayward
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Aile-R, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 1401, 18e Rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4; Axe Médecine Régénératrice-Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Aile-R, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 1401, 18e Rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4; Axe Médecine Régénératrice-Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Pascal Morissette Martin
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Aile-R, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 1401, 18e Rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4; Axe Médecine Régénératrice-Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Rina Guignard
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Aile-R, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 1401, 18e Rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4; Axe Médecine Régénératrice-Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Aile-R, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 1401, 18e Rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4; Axe Médecine Régénératrice-Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - François A Auger
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Aile-R, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 1401, 18e Rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4; Axe Médecine Régénératrice-Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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17
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Bisson F, Rochefort É, Lavoie A, Larouche D, Zaniolo K, Simard-Bisson C, Damour O, Auger FA, Guérin SL, Germain L. Irradiated human dermal fibroblasts are as efficient as mouse fibroblasts as a feeder layer to improve human epidermal cell culture lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:4684-704. [PMID: 23443166 PMCID: PMC3634426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14034684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A fibroblast feeder layer is currently the best option for large scale expansion of autologous skin keratinocytes that are to be used for the treatment of severely burned patients. In a clinical context, using a human rather than a mouse feeder layer is desirable to reduce the risk of introducing animal antigens and unknown viruses. This study was designed to evaluate if irradiated human fibroblasts can be used in keratinocyte cultures without affecting their morphological and physiological properties. Keratinocytes were grown either with or without a feeder layer in serum-containing medium. Our results showed that keratinocytes grown either on an irradiated human feeder layer or irradiated 3T3 cells (i3T3) can be cultured for a comparable number of passages. The average epithelial cell size and morphology were also similar. On the other hand, keratinocytes grown without a feeder layer showed heavily bloated cells at early passages and stop proliferating after only a few passages. On the molecular aspect, the expression level of the transcription factor Sp1, a useful marker of keratinocytes lifespan, was maintained and stabilized for a high number of passages in keratinocytes grown with feeder layers whereas Sp1 expression dropped quickly without a feeder layer. Furthermore, gene profiling on microarrays identified potential target genes whose expression is differentially regulated in the absence or presence of an i3T3 feeder layer and which may contribute at preserving the growth characteristics of these cells. Irradiated human dermal fibroblasts therefore provide a good human feeder layer for an effective expansion of keratinocytes in vitro that are to be used for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Bisson
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
- Départements de Chirurgie and d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC K1A 0W9, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Éloise Rochefort
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
| | - Amélie Lavoie
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
| | - Karine Zaniolo
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
- Départements de Chirurgie and d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC K1A 0W9, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Carolyne Simard-Bisson
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
- Départements de Chirurgie and d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC K1A 0W9, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Odile Damour
- Banque de Tissus et Cellules HCL, Laboratoire des Substituts Cutanés (LSC) CNRS UPR-412, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon 62437 CEDEX03, France; E-Mail:
| | - François A. Auger
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
- Départements de Chirurgie and d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC K1A 0W9, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
- Départements de Chirurgie and d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC K1A 0W9, Canada; E-Mail:
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.L.G.); (L.G.); Tel.: +1-418-682-7565 (S.L.G.); +1-418-682-7511 (ext. 1696 or 1684) (L.G.); Fax: +1-418-682-8000 (S.L.G.); +1-418-990-8248 (L.G.)
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval and, LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Génie tissulaire et régénération, LOEX—Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; E-Mails: (F.B.); (É.R.); (A.L.); (D.L.); (C.S.-B.); (F.A.A.)
- Départements de Chirurgie and d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC K1A 0W9, Canada; E-Mail:
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.L.G.); (L.G.); Tel.: +1-418-682-7565 (S.L.G.); +1-418-682-7511 (ext. 1696 or 1684) (L.G.); Fax: +1-418-682-8000 (S.L.G.); +1-418-990-8248 (L.G.)
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