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Chen J, Wang Y, Tang T, Li B, Kundu B, Kundu SC, Reis RL, Lin X, Li H. Enhanced effects of slowly co-released TGF-β3 and BMP-2 from biomimetic calcium phosphate-coated silk fibroin scaffolds in the repair of osteochondral defects. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:453. [PMID: 39080653 PMCID: PMC11290091 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive agents have demonstrated regenerative potential for cell-free bone tissue engineering. Nevertheless, certain challenges persist, including ineffective delivery methods and confined therapeutic potency. Here, we demonstrated that the biomimetic calcium phosphate coating system (BioCaP) could effectively uptake and slowly release the incorporated bioactive agents compared to the surface absorption system via osteoclast-mediated degradation of BioCaP coatings. The release kinetics were determined as a function of time. The release rate was stable without remarkable burst release during the first 1 day, followed by a sustained release from day 7 to day 19. Then, we developed the bi-functional BioCaP-coated silk fibroin scaffolds enabling the effective co-delivery of TGF-β3 and BMP-2 (SFI-T/SFI-B) and the corresponding slow release of TGF-β3 and BMP-2 exhibited superior potential in promoting chondrogenesis and osteogenesis without impairing cell vitality in vitro. The SFI-T/SFI-B scaffolds could improve cartilage and bone regeneration in 5 × 4 mm rabbit osteochondral (OC) defect. These findings indicate that the biomimetic calcium-phosphate coated silk fibroin scaffolds with slowly co-released TGF-β3 and BMP-2 effectively promote the repair of OC defects, hence facilitating the future clinical translation of controlled drug delivery in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Chen
- Department of stomatology, Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Orthodontic department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No.30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyi Wang
- Orthodontic department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No.30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyi Tang
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Baochao Li
- Orthodontic department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No.30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Banani Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute On Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence On Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência E Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
- Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700126, India
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute On Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence On Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência E Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute On Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence On Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência E Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Xingnan Lin
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Huang Li
- Orthodontic department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No.30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang P, Qi J, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Yan J, Gong Y, Liu X, Zhang B, Wu X, Wu X, Zhang C, Zhao B, Li B. Recent advances in composite hydrogels: synthesis, classification, and application in the treatment of bone defects. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:308-329. [PMID: 38108454 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01795h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects are often difficult to treat due to their complexity and specificity, and therefore pose a serious threat to human life and health. Currently, the clinical treatment of bone defects is mainly surgical. However, this treatment is often more harmful to patients and there is a potential risk of rejection and infection. Hydrogels have a unique three-dimensional structure that can accommodate a variety of materials, including particles, polymers and small molecules, making them ideal for treating bone defects. Therefore, emerging composite hydrogels are considered one of the most promising candidates for the treatment of bone defects. This review describes the use of different types of composite hydrogel in the treatment of bone defects. We present the basic concepts of hydrogels, different preparation techniques (including chemical and physical crosslinking), and the clinical requirements for hydrogels used to treat bone defects. In addition, a review of numerous promising designs of different types of hydrogel doped with different materials (e.g., nanoparticles, polymers, carbon materials, drugs, and active factors) is also highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of composite hydrogels for the treatment of bone defects are presented. This review will stimulate research efforts in this field and promote the application of new methods and innovative ideas in the clinical field of composite hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jin Qi
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Ran Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yajuan Gong
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiao Wu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiuping Wu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface Active Agent and Auxiliary, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Ivanjko N, Stokovic N, Milesevic M, Rumenovic V, Windhager R, Sampath KT, Kovacic N, Grcevic D, Vukicevic S. rhBMP6 in autologous blood coagulum is a preferred osteoinductive device to rhBMP2 on bovine collagen sponge in the rat ectopic bone formation assay. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115844. [PMID: 37948990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoinductive BMPs require a suitable delivery system for treating various pathological conditions of the spine and segmental bone defects. INFUSE, the only commercially available BMP-based osteoinductive device, consisting of rhBMP2 on bovine absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) showed major disadvantages due to serious side effects. A novel osteoinductive device, OSTEOGROW, comprised of rhBMP6 dispersed within autologous blood coagulum (ABC) is a promising therapy for bone regeneration, subjected to several clinical trials for diaphysial bone repair and spinal fusion. In the present study, we have examined the release dynamics showing that the ABC carrier provided a slower, more steady BMP release in comparison to the ACS. Rat subcutaneous assay was employed to evaluate cellular events and the time course of ectopic osteogenesis. The host cellular response to osteoinductive implants was evaluated by flow cytometry, while dynamics of bone formation and maintenance in time were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry and micro CT analyses. Flow cytometry revealed that the recruitment of lymphoid cell populations was significantly higher in rhBMP6/ABC implants, while rhBMP2/ACS implants recruited more myeloid populations. Furthermore, rhBMP6/ABC implants more efficiently attracted early and committed progenitor cells. Dynamics of bone formation induced by rhBMP2/ACS was characterized by a delayed endochondral ossification process in comparison to rhBMP6/ABC implants. Besides, rhBMP6/ABC implants induced more ectopic bone volume in all observed time points in comparison to rhBMP2/ACS implants. These results indicate that OSTEOGROW was superior to INFUSE due to ABC's advantages as a carrier and rhBMP6 superior efficacy in inducing bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ivanjko
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Stokovic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Milesevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Viktorija Rumenovic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Reinhard Windhager
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Natasa Kovacic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danka Grcevic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slobodan Vukicevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Abstract
Collagen is commonly used as a regenerative biomaterial due to its excellent biocompatibility and wide distribution in tissues. Different kinds of hybridization or cross-links are favored to offer improvements to satisfy various needs of biomedical applications. Previous reviews have been made to introduce the sources and structures of collagen. In addition, biological and mechanical properties of collagen-based biomaterials, their modification and application forms, and their interactions with host tissues are pinpointed. However, there is still no review about collagen-based biomaterials for tissue engineering. Therefore, we aim to summarize and discuss the progress of collagen-based materials for tissue regeneration applications in this review. We focus on the utilization of collagen-based biomaterials for bones, cartilages, skin, dental, neuron, cornea, and urological applications and hope these experiences and outcomes can provide inspiration and practical techniques for the future development of collagen-based biomaterials in related application fields. Moreover, future improving directions and challenges for collagen-based biomaterials are proposed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Zhengke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Howard MT, Wang S, Berger AG, Martin JR, Jalili-Firoozinezhad S, Padera RF, Hammond PT. Sustained release of BMP-2 using self-assembled layer-by-layer film-coated implants enhances bone regeneration over burst release. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121721. [PMID: 35981926 PMCID: PMC10396073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Current clinical products delivering the osteogenic growth factor bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) for bone regeneration have been plagued by safety concerns due to a high incidence of off-target effects resulting from bolus release and supraphysiological doses. Layer-by-layer (LbL) film deposition offers the opportunity to coat bone defect-relevant substrates with thin films containing proteins and other therapeutics; however, control of release kinetics is often hampered by interlayer diffusion of drugs throughout the film during assembly, which causes burst drug release. In this work, we present the design of different laponite clay diffusional barrier layer architectures in self-assembled LbL films to modulate the release kinetics of BMP-2 from the surface of a biodegradable implant. Release kinetics were tuned by incorporating laponite in different film arrangements and with varying deposition techniques to achieve release of BMP-2 over 2 days, 4 days, 14 days, and 30 days. Delivery of a low dose (0.5 μg) of BMP-2 over 2 days and 30 days using these LbL film architectures was then compared in an in vivo rat critical size calvarial defect model to determine the effect of BMP-2 release kinetics on bone regeneration. After 6 weeks, sustained release of BMP-2 over 30 days induced 3.7 times higher bone volume and 7.4 times higher bone mineral density as compared with 2-day release of BMP-2, which did not induce more bone growth than the uncoated scaffold control. These findings represent a crucial step in the understanding of how BMP-2 release kinetics influence treatment efficacy and underscore the necessity to optimize protein delivery methods in clinical formulations for bone regeneration. This work could be applied to the delivery of other therapeutic proteins for which careful tuning of the release rate is a key optimization parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- MayLin T Howard
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
| | - Sheryl Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
| | - Adam G Berger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
| | - John R Martin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
| | - Sasan Jalili-Firoozinezhad
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
| | - Robert F Padera
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, United States.
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
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Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (rhBMP-2) with Hydroxyapatite Carrier in Induced Membrane Technique: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Study. J Orthop Trauma 2022; 36:301-308. [PMID: 34732658 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) with hydroxyapatite (HA) carrier augmentation in managing critical-sized bone defect (CSBD) with induced membrane technique (IMT). DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. SETTING Academic level I trauma center. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS The study included 14 patients who underwent rhBMP-2 with HA carrier (rhBMP-2/HA) augmentation in IMT for managing CSBD (BMP group). Moreover, 14 patients who underwent IMT without rhBMP-2 augmentation were matched by propensity score analysis (non-BMP group). INTERVENTION IMT with or without rhBMP-2/HA augmentation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT Changes in quality and quantity measurements of grafted bone to regenerated bone using serial computed tomography. RESULTS In the BMP and non-BMP groups, the changes in densities from grafted bone to regenerated bone were +379.63 Hounsfield unit and +248.55 Hounsfield unit (P = 0.034), changes in dense bone percentage were +37.52% and +23.31% (P = 0.027), corticalization rates under the plate were 79.70% and 39.30% (P = 0.007), changes in volume were -20.77% and -23.35% (P = 0.812), union rates were 85.71% and 78.57% (P = 0.622), numbers of patients requiring additional procedures were 4 and 3 (P = 0.663), and time to union were 316.3 and 585.45 days (P = 0.040), respectively. CONCLUSIONS RhBMP-2/HA augmentation increases the density of regenerated bone, enhances corticalization under the plate, and shortens the time to union while managing CSBD with IMT. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Advances in Modification Methods Based on Biodegradable Membranes in Guided Bone/Tissue Regeneration: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050871. [PMID: 35267700 PMCID: PMC8912280 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) is commonly applied in dentistry to aid in the regeneration of bone/tissue at a defective location, where the assistive material eventually degrades to be substituted with newly produced tissue. Membranes separate the rapidly propagating soft tissue from the slow-growing bone tissue for optimal tissue regeneration results. A broad membrane exposure area, biocompatibility, hardness, ductility, cell occlusion, membrane void ratio, tissue integration, and clinical manageability are essential functional properties of a GTR/GBR membrane, although no single modern membrane conforms to all of the necessary characteristics. This review considers ongoing bone/tissue regeneration engineering research and the GTR/GBR materials described in this review fulfill all of the basic ISO requirements for human use, as determined through risk analysis and rigorous testing. Novel modified materials are in the early stages of development and could be classified as synthetic polymer membranes, biological extraction synthetic polymer membranes, or metal membranes. Cell attachment, proliferation, and subsequent tissue development are influenced by the physical features of GTR/GBR membrane materials, including pore size, porosity, and mechanical strength. According to the latest advances, key attributes of nanofillers introduced into a polymer matrix include suitable surface area, better mechanical capacity, and stability, which enhances cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Therefore, it is essential to construct a bionic membrane that satisfies the requirements for the mechanical barrier, the degradation rate, osteogenesis, and clinical operability.
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de Lima do Nascimento TC, Gerber JT, Verbicaro T, Arce RM, Elsalanty ME, Fontana JD, Muller Storrer CL, Scariot R. Biochemical and X-ray micro-computed tomographic analyses of critical size bone defects grafted with autogenous bone and mercerized bacterial cellulose membranes salified with alendronate. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:408-415. [PMID: 34425239 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the repair of critical-sized bone defects grafted with autogenous bone and mercerized bacterial cellulose membranes (BCm) salified with alendronate (ALN). METHODS Forty-eight male Wistar rats underwent surgery to create a 5 mm-diameter bone defect in the calvarium. The removed bone was particularized, regrafted into the defect, and covered by a BCm according to the group: control group (CG), simply mercerized BCm; group 1 (G1), negatively charged BCm (BCm-CM-) salified with ALN; and group 2 (G2), positively charged BCm (BCm-DEAE+) salified with ALN. Serum samples were collected preoperatively and before euthanasia to analyze osteoprotegerin (OPG), parathyroid hormone (PTH), sclerostin (SOST), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels. The animals were euthanized after 15 or 60 d. Calvaria were analyzed using quantitative microtomography (μCT). RESULTS There was an increased level of PTH in the CG compared to the G2 group, at day 60 (p = 0.019). When analyzing the same group over time, G1 presented an increased FGF23 level on days 15 and 60 (p < 0.05). CG presented an increase in PTH (p = 0.037) at day 60. The μCT analysis detected increased trabecular separation on day 15 in G2 compared to G1 (p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS Salification of ionized BCm with ALN had no direct effect on bone repair; however, BCm-CM- increased the levels of FGF23 over time. BCm-DEAE+ decreased PTH levels compared to mercerized BCm. BCm-CM-salified with ALN-induced superior bone quality, with respect to trabecular separation, compared to BCm-DEAE+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanny C de Lima do Nascimento
- School of Health Sciences, Positivo University, 5300 Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza Street, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Zip code: 81280-330
| | - Jennifer Tsi Gerber
- School of Health Sciences, Positivo University, 5300 Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza Street, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Zip code: 81280-330
| | - Thalyta Verbicaro
- School of Health Sciences, Positivo University, 5300 Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza Street, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Zip code: 81280-330
| | - Roger M Arce
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Hygiene, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St, Houston, TX, USA, Zip code: 77054
| | - Mohammed E Elsalanty
- Department of Medical Anatomical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 615 E 3rd St Pomona, CA, USA, Zip code: 91766
| | - José Domingos Fontana
- Master Graduation on Urban and Industrial Environments, Polytechnic Center, Federal University of Paraná, 100 Cel. Francisco H. Dos Santos Avenue, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Zip code: 81530-000
| | - Carmen Lucia Muller Storrer
- Department of Periodontics, IOA Boutique Curitiba, 6823 Sete de Setembro Avenue, Seminario, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Zip code: 80240-001
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Parana, 632 Prefeito Lothario Meissner Avenue, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Zip code: 80210-170.
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Sustained release of ancillary amounts of testosterone and alendronate from PLGA coated pericard membranes and implants to improve bone healing. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251864. [PMID: 33999955 PMCID: PMC8128250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone and alendronate have been identified as two bone healing compounds which, when combined, synergistically stimulate bone regeneration. This study describes the development of a novel ultrasonic spray coating for sustained release of ancillary amounts of testosterone and alendronate encapsulated in PLGA 5004A as a carrier. Due to the low amounts of testosterone and alendronate used, sensitive in vitro assays were developed to determine in vitro release. The ultrasonic spray coating technology was optimized for coating titanium screws and pericardial collagen membranes, with the aim to improve osseo-integration and (guided) bone regeneration, respectively, without interfering with their primary mode of action. In vitro release analysis of collagen membranes and screws showed up to 21 days sustained release of the compounds without a burst release. Subsequent preclinical studies in rat and rabbit models indicated that testosterone and alendronate coated membranes and screws significantly improved bone regeneration in vivo. Coated membranes significantly improved the formation of new bone in a critical size calvarial defect model in rats (by 160% compared to controls). Coated screws implanted in rabbit femoral condyles significantly improved bone implant contact (69% vs 54% in controls), bone mineral density (121%) and bone volume (119%) up to 1.3 mm from the implant. Based on the results obtained, we suggest that implants or membranes enabled with local sustained delivery of ancillary amounts of testosterone and alendronate can be a promising system to stimulate local bone regeneration resulting in improved osseo-integration of implants and improved healing of bone defects and fractures.
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Jarrar H, Çetin Altındal D, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Effect of melatonin/BMP-2 co-delivery scaffolds on the osteoclast activity. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:32. [PMID: 33751250 PMCID: PMC7983354 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein two (BMP-2) has been widely used as an osteoinductive agent in the treatment of bone diseases. However, some side effects, such as osteoclast activation have emerged when it was used at high doses. In this study, by considering the osteoclast-suppressing capability of melatonin (MEL), its effect on osteoclast differentiation induced by BMP-2 was investigated. These two factors, MEL and BMP-2, were embedded into chitosan/hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds that were characterized morphologically by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). Release profiles of MEL and BMP-2 from scaffolds were determined in vitro and then, the differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells to osteoclasts was investigated on the scaffolds. Results of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, SEM imaging and expression of cathepsin K gene showed that, in the presence of BMP-2, osteoclast differentiation increased, whereas it decreased in MEL and MEL/BMP-2 embedded scaffolds suggesting that melatonin successfully attenuated osteoclast differentiation induced by BMP-2. Thus, the MEL/BMP-2 loaded chitosan/HAp scaffolds that have dual function in enhancing bone formation and inhibiting osteoclast activity are recommended biomaterials in the field of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Jarrar
- Bioengineering Department, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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Jarrar H, Çetin Altındal D, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Scaffold-based osteogenic dual delivery system with melatonin and BMP-2 releasing PLGA microparticles. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120489. [PMID: 33744449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing safety problems about the use of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is one of the recent issues that was improved by using low doses of BMP-2 with the support of other osteoinductive agents and/or using appropriate carriers. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of scaffold-based dual release system including melatonin (MEL) and BMP-2 loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles on the osteogenic activity of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. MEL and BMP-2 loaded microparticles were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation method in the average diameters of ~2 µm and ~11 µm, respectively and loaded into chitosan/hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds. In vitro MC3T3-E1 culture studies were carried out comparatively with blank scaffolds, single (BMP-2 or MEL) releasing groups and dual (BMP-2 and MEL) releasing group. Microscopic observations and hematoxylin/eosin staining showed enhanced number of cells and dense ECM in dual release group. The expressions of differentiation markers, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and also mineralization were higher in dual release group than that of the other groups. Our findings showed that BMP-2 at low doses (~20 ng per scaffold) was sufficient in terms of osteogenic activity with controlled release systems where it was used in combination with MEL (~10 µg per scaffold).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Jarrar
- Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Department, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Bizeau J, Mertz D. Design and applications of protein delivery systems in nanomedicine and tissue engineering. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 287:102334. [PMID: 33341459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are biological macromolecules involved in a wide range of biological functions, which makes them very appealing as therapeutics agents. Indeed, compared to small molecule drugs, their endogenous nature ensures their biocompatibility and biodegradability, they can be used in a large range of applications and present a higher specificity and activity. However, they suffer from unfolding, enzymatic degradation, short half-life and poor membrane permeability. To overcome such drawbacks, the development of protein delivery systems to protect, carry and deliver them in a controlled way have emerged importantly these last years. In this review, the formulation of a wide panel of protein delivery systems either in the form of polymer or inorganic nanoengineered colloids and scaffolds are presented and the protein loading and release mechanisms are addressed. A section is also dedicated to the detection of proteins and the characterization methods of their release. Then, the main protein delivery systems developed these last three years for anticancer, tissue engineering or diabetes applications are presented, as well as the major in vivo models used to test them. The last part of this review aims at presenting the perspectives of the field such as the use of protein-rich material or the sequestration of proteins. This part will also deal with less common applications and gene therapy as an indirect method to deliver protein.
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Which substances loaded onto collagen scaffolds influence oral tissue regeneration?-an overview of the last 15 years. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3363-3394. [PMID: 32827278 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen scaffolds are widely used for guided bone or tissue regeneration. Aiming to enhance their regenerative properties, studies have loaded various substances onto these scaffolds. This review aims to provide an overview of existing literature which conducted in vitro, in vivo, and clinical testing of drug-loaded collagen scaffolds and analyze their outcome of promoting oral regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid Medline® were systematically searched for publications from 2005 to 2019. Journal articles assessing the effect of substances on oral hard or soft tissue regeneration, while using collagen carriers, were screened and qualitatively analyzed. Studies were grouped according to their used substance type-biological medical products, pharmaceuticals, and tissue-, cell-, and matrix-derived products. RESULTS A total of 77 publications, applying 36 different substances, were included. Collagen scaffolds were demonstrating favorable adsorption behavior and release kinetics which could even be modified. BMP-2 was investigated most frequently, showing positive effects on oral tissue regeneration. BMP-9 showed comparable results at lower concentrations. Also, FGF2 enhanced bone and periodontal healing. Antibiotics improved the scaffold's anti-microbial activity and reduced the penetrability for bacteria. CONCLUSION Growth factors showed promising results for oral tissue regeneration, while other substances were investigated less frequently. Found effects of investigated substances as well as adsorption and release properties of collagen scaffolds should be considered for further investigation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Collagen scaffolds are reliable carriers for any of the applied substances. BMP-2, BMP-9, and FGF2 showed enhanced bone and periodontal healing. Antibiotics improved anti-microbial properties of the scaffolds.
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Boda SK, Wang H, John JV, Reinhardt RA, Xie J. Dual Delivery of Alendronate and E7-BMP-2 Peptide via Calcium Chelation to Mineralized Nanofiber Fragments for Alveolar Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2368-2375. [PMID: 33455340 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The fixation and stability of dental implants is governed by the quality of the underlying alveolar bone. The current study investigates if the dual delivery of calcium chelating bone therapeutics from mineralized nanofiber fragments can help regenerate alveolar bone in vivo. Alendronate (ALN) or/and bone morphogenetic protein-2-mimicking peptide conjugated to a heptaglutamate moiety (E7-BMP-2) were incorporated onto mineralized nanofiber fragments of polylactide-co-glycolide-collagen-gelatin (PCG in 2:1:1 weight ratios) via calcium coupling/chelation. Two mg of the single-loaded (ALN) and coloaded (ALN + E7-BMP-2) mineralized nanofiber PCG grafts was filled into critical-sized (2 mm diameter × 2 mm depth) alveolar bone defects in rat maxillae and let heal for 4 weeks. X-ray microcomputed tomography analysis of the retrieved maxillae revealed significantly elevated new bone formation parameters for the ALN and ALN + E7-BMP-2 groups compared with the unfilled defect controls. However, no significant differences between the single and coloaded nanofiber grafts were noted. Furthermore, the histopathological analysis of the tissue sections divulged islands of new bone tissue in the ALN and ALN + E7-BMP-2 groups, whereas the control defect was covered with gingival tissue. Together, the presented strategy using mineralized nanofiber fragments in the sustained delivery of dual calcium chelating therapeutics could have potential applications in enhancing bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Boda
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Johnson V John
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Richard A Reinhardt
- Department of Surgical Specialties, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Implantable electrical stimulation bioreactor with liquid crystal polymer-based electrodes for enhanced bone regeneration at mandibular large defects in rabbit. Med Biol Eng Comput 2019; 58:383-399. [PMID: 31853774 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-02046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The osseous regeneration of large bone defects is still a major clinical challenge in maxillofacial and orthopedic surgery. Previous studies demonstrated that biphasic electrical stimulation (ES) stimulates bone formation; however, polyimide electrode should be removed after regeneration. This study presents an implantable electrical stimulation bioreactor with electrodes based on liquid crystal polymer (LCP), which can be permanently implanted due to excellent biocompatibility to bone tissue. The bioreactor was implanted into a critical-sized bone defect and subjected to ES for one week, where bone regeneration was evaluated four weeks after surgery using micro-CT. The effect of ES via the bioreactor was compared with a sham control group and a positive control group that received recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 (20 μg). New bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) in the ES and rhBMP-2 groups increased to 132% (p < 0.05) and 174% (p < 0.01), respectively, compared to that in the sham control group. In the histological evaluation, there was no inflammation within the bone defects and adjacent to LCP in all the groups. This study showed that the ES bioreactor with LCP electrodes could enhance bone regeneration at large bone defects, where LCP can act as a mechanically resistant outer box without inflammation. Graphical abstract To enhance bone regeneration, a bioreactor comprising collagen sponge and liquid crystal polymer-based electrode was implanted in the bone defect. Within the defect, electrical current pulses having biphasic waveform were applied from the implanted bioreactor.
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García-García P, Reyes R, Segredo-Morales E, Pérez-Herrero E, Delgado A, Évora C. PLGA-BMP-2 and PLA-17β-Estradiol Microspheres Reinforcing a Composite Hydrogel for Bone Regeneration in Osteoporosis. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E648. [PMID: 31817033 PMCID: PMC6956377 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The controlled release of active substances-bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and 17β-estradiol-is one of the main aspects to be taken into account to successfully regenerate a tissue defect. In this study, BMP-2- and 17β-estradiol-loaded microspheres were combined in a sandwich-like system formed by a hydrogel core composed of chitosan (CHT) collagen, 2-hidroxipropil γ-ciclodextrin (HP-γ-CD), nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP), and an electrospun mesh shell prepared with two external electrospinning films for the regeneration of a critical bone defect in osteoporotic rats. Microspheres were made with poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) to encapsulate BMP-2, whereas the different formulations of 17β-estradiol were prepared with poly-lactic acid (PLA) and PLGA. The in vitro and in vivo BMP-2 delivered from the system fitted a biphasic profile. Although the in vivo burst effect was higher than in vitro the second phases (lasted up to 6 weeks) were parallel, the release rate ranged between 55 and 70 ng/day. The in vitro release kinetics of the 17β-estradiol dissolved in the polymeric matrix of the microspheres depended on the partition coefficient. The 17β-estradiol was slowly released from the core system using an aqueous release medium (Deff = 5.58·10-16 ± 9.81·10-17m2s-1) and very fast in MeOH-water (50:50). The hydrogel core system was injectable, and approximately 83% of the loaded dose is uniformly discharged through a 20G needle. The system placed in the defect was easily adapted to the defect shape and after 12 weeks approximately 50% of the defect was refilled by new tissue. None differences were observed between the osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic groups. Despite the role of 17β-estradiol on the bone remodeling process, the obtained results in this study suggest that the observed regeneration was only due to the controlled rate released of BMP-2 from the PLGA microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia García-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Ricardo Reyes
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Elisabet Segredo-Morales
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Edgar Pérez-Herrero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Araceli Delgado
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Carmen Évora
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain (E.S.-M.); (E.P.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
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Cui Y, Zhu T, Li D, Li Z, Leng Y, Ji X, Liu H, Wu D, Ding J. Bisphosphonate-Functionalized Scaffolds for Enhanced Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1901073. [PMID: 31693315 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The local sustained release of bioactive substances are attracting increasing attention in bone tissue engineering, which is beneficial to bone tissue formation and helps to improve the bone ingrowth ability of a scaffold. Bisphosphonates (BPs), as a representative kind of osteoclast inhibitors, are proven to possess excellent osteogenic induction capability. Accordingly, various physical and chemical strategies are developed to functionalize bone tissue scaffolds with BPs to achieve controlled release profiles. Compared with traditional treatment modalities, local release of BPs from these composite scaffolds will contribute to continuous bone integration without the risk of many complications. This review explores the molecular mechanisms of BPs on bone metabolism and analyzes the appropriate concentrations of BPs that promote bone regeneration. The advanced BP loading strategies, implant modification technologies, and BP-loaded composite scaffolds based on different matrices are summarized. Finally, the latest advances and the future development of BP-modified scaffolds for enhanced bone regeneration are discussed. This article provides leading-edge design strategies of the BP-functionalized bone engineering scaffolds for improved bone repairability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Cui
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130033 P. R. China
| | - Di Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - Yi Leng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - Xuan Ji
- Department of StomatologyThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - He Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - Dankai Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
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Kowalczewski CJ, Saul JM. Biomaterials for the Delivery of Growth Factors and Other Therapeutic Agents in Tissue Engineering Approaches to Bone Regeneration. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:513. [PMID: 29896102 PMCID: PMC5986909 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone fracture followed by delayed or non-union typically requires bone graft intervention. Autologous bone grafts remain the clinical "gold standard". Recently, synthetic bone grafts such as Medtronic's Infuse Bone Graft have opened the possibility to pharmacological and tissue engineering strategies to bone repair following fracture. This clinically-available strategy uses an absorbable collagen sponge as a carrier material for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and a similar strategy has been employed by Stryker with BMP-7, also known as osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1). A key advantage to this approach is its "off-the-shelf" nature, but there are clear drawbacks to these products such as edema, inflammation, and ectopic bone growth. While there are clinical challenges associated with a lack of controlled release of rhBMP-2 and OP-1, these are among the first clinical examples to wed understanding of biological principles with biochemical production of proteins and pharmacological principles to promote tissue regeneration (known as regenerative pharmacology). After considering the clinical challenges with such synthetic bone grafts, this review considers the various biomaterial carriers under investigation to promote bone regeneration. This is followed by a survey of the literature where various pharmacological approaches and molecular targets are considered as future strategies to promote more rapid and mature bone regeneration. From the review, it should be clear that pharmacological understanding is a key aspect to developing these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin M Saul
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
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Weng L, Boda SK, Wang H, Teusink MJ, Shuler FD, Xie J. Novel 3D Hybrid Nanofiber Aerogels Coupled with BMP-2 Peptides for Cranial Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701415. [PMID: 29498244 PMCID: PMC6317907 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An ideal synthetic bone graft is a combination of the porous and nanofibrous structure presented by natural bone tissue as well as osteoinductive biochemical factors such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). In this work, ultralight 3D hybrid nanofiber aerogels composed of electrospun PLGA-collagen-gelatin and Sr-Cu codoped bioactive glass fibers with incorporation of heptaglutamate E7 domain specific BMP-2 peptides have been developed and evaluated for their potential in cranial bone defect healing. The nanofiber aerogels are surgically implanted into 8 mm × 1 mm (diameter × thickness) critical-sized defects created in rat calvariae. A sustained release of E7-BMP-2 peptide from the degradable hybrid aerogels significantly enhances bone healing and defect closure over 8 weeks in comparison to unfilled defects. Histomorphometry and X-ray microcomputed tomography (µ-CT) analysis reveal greater bone volume and bone formation area in case of the E7-BMP-2 peptide loaded hybrid nanofiber aerogels. Further, histopathology data divulged a near complete nanofiber aerogel degradation along with enhanced vascularization of the regenerated tissue. Together, this study for the first time demonstrates the fabrication of 3D hybrid nanofiber aerogels from 2D electrospun fibers and their loading with therapeutic osteoinductive BMP-2 mimicking peptide for cranial bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Weng
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Sunil Kumar Boda
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Matthew J. Teusink
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Franklin D. Shuler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25755 United States
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Kim RY, Seong Y, Cho TH, Lee B, Kim IS, Hwang SJ. Local administration of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1 inhibitor to suppress early resorption and inflammation induced by bone morphogenetic protein-2. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1299-1310. [PMID: 29316218 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-c1 is known as a key regulator in osteoclast differentiation and immune response. This study is a follow-up to our previous study showing the antiresorptive activity of VIVIT, a peptide type NFATc1 inhibitor, using absorbable collagen sponge (ACS). This study aimed to investigate the effective concentration range of local VIVIT that suppresses early excessive osteoclast activation and inflammation induced by high-dose recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 and concomitantly enhances bone healing in a rat critical-sized calvaria defect model. High-dose rhBMP-2 (40 μg/defect) alone significantly increased in vivo osteoclast activation and expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and transforming necrosis factor-α on the scaffold at 7 days after surgery. However, rhBMP-2 had no direct effect on osteoclast activation in vitro. Osteoclast activation by rhBMP-2 was significantly suppressed by combined treatment with VIVIT at concentrations of 75 and 150 μM, but not at 15 μM, whereas suppression of inflammation occurred at all doses of VIVIT. Microcomputed tomography at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation revealed that the combination of rhBMP-2 and VIVIT at 75 μM VIVIT led to a greater bone fraction at the initial defect area, compared with rhBMP-2 alone. These findings revealed that local administration of VIVIT at certain concentrations has multiple positive effects that weaken early excessive osteoimmunological responses and enhance bone healing after rhBMP-2 administration. VIVIT has the potential to expand the therapeutic area of high-dose rhBMP-2 therapy to inflammatory bone loss. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1299-1310, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Youn Kim
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeju Seong
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Cho
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomseok Lee
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sook Kim
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Jung Hwang
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
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Chang AR, Cho TH, Hwang SJ. Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand-Induced Local Osteoporotic Canine Mandible Model for the Evaluation of Peri-Implant Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:781-794. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ah Ryum Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, BK 21 Plus, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Cho
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Jung Hwang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, BK 21 Plus, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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