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Wu T, Zhang Z, Hu C, Zhang L, Wei S, Li S. A WD40 Protein Encoding Gene Fvcpc2 Positively Regulates Mushroom Development and Yield in Flammulina velutipes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:498. [PMID: 32273873 PMCID: PMC7113406 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are two closely related phyla and fungi in two phyla share some common morphological developmental process during fruiting body formation. In Neurospora crassa, the Gβ-like protein CPC-2 with a seven-WD40 repeat domain was previously reported. By transforming CPC-2 ortholog encoding genes, from 7 different fungal species across Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, into the cpc-2 deletion mutant of N. crassa, we demonstrate that all tested CPC-2 ortholog genes were able to complement the defects of the cpc-2 deletion mutant in sexual development, indicating that CPC-2 proteins from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota have the similar cellular function. Using Flammulina velutipes as a model system for mushroom species, the CPC-2 ortholog FvCPC2 was characterized. Fvcpc2 increased transcription during fruiting body development. Knockdown of Fvcpc2 by RNAi completely impaired fruiting body formation. In three Fvcpc2 knockdown mutants, transcriptional levels of genes encoding adenylate cyclase and protein kinase A catalytic subunit were significantly lower and colony growth became slower than wild type. The addition of cAMP or the PKA-activator 8-Bromo-cAMP into the medium restored the Fvcpc2 knockdown mutants to the wild-type colony growth phenotype, suggesting that the involvement of cAMP production in the regulatory mechanisms of FvCPC2. Knockdown of Fvcpc2 also weakened transcriptional responses to sexual development induction by some genes related to fruiting body development, including 4 jacalin-related lectin encoding genes, 4 hydrophobin encoding genes, and 3 functionally-unknown genes, suggesting the participation of these genes in the mechanisms by which FvCPC2 regulates fruiting body development. All three Fvcpc2 overexpression strains displayed increased mushroom yield and shortened cultivation time compared to wild type, suggesting that Fvcpc2 can be a promising reference gene for Winter Mushroom breeding. Since the orthologs of FvCPC2 were highly conserved and specifically expressed during fruiting body development in different edible mushrooms, genes encoding FvCPC2 orthologs in other mushroom species also have potential application in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taju Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Shandong Jinniu Biotech Company Limited, Jinan, China
| | - Shenglong Wei
- Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Hexi University, Zhangye, China
| | - Shaojie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yan H, Shim WB. Characterization of non-canonical G beta-like protein FvGbb2 and its relationship with heterotrimeric G proteins in Fusarium verticillioides. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:615-628. [PMID: 31760684 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is a fungal pathogen that is responsible for maize ear rot and stalk rot diseases worldwide. The fungus also produces carcinogenic mycotoxins, fumonisins on infested maize. Unfortunately, we still lack clear understanding of how the pathogen responds to host and environmental stimuli to trigger fumonisin biosynthesis. The heterotrimeric G protein complex, consisting of canonical Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits, is involved in transducing signals from external stimuli to regulate downstream signal transduction pathways. Previously, we demonstrated that Gβ protein FvGbb1 directly impacts fumonisin regulation but not other physiological aspects in F. verticillioides. In this study, we identified and characterized a RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) homolog FvGbb2 as a putative Gβ-like protein in F. verticillioides. The mutant exhibited severe defects not only in fumonisin biosynthesis but also vegetative growth and conidiation. FvGbb2 was positively associated with carbon source utilization and stress agents but negatively regulated general amino acid control. While FvGbb2 does not interact with canonical G protein subunits, it may associate with diverse proteins in the cytoplasm to regulate vegetative growth, virulence, fumonisin biosynthesis and stress response in F. verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Won Bo Shim
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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Genome Wide Analysis of WD40 Proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Their Orthologs in Candida albicans. Protein J 2019; 38:58-75. [PMID: 30511317 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-018-9804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The WD40 domain containing proteins are present in the lower organisms (Monera) to higher complex metazoans with involvement in diverse cellular processes. The WD40 repeats fold into β propeller structure due to which the proteins harbouring WD40 domains function as scaffold by offering platform for interactions, bring together diverse cellular proteins to form a single complex for mediating downstream effects. Multiple functions of WD40 domain containing proteins in lower eukaryote as in Fungi have been reported with involvement in vegetative and reproductive growth, virulence etc. In this article insilico analysis of the WDR proteins in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was performed. By WDSP software 83 proteins in S. cerevisiae were identified with at least one WD40 motif. WD40 proteins with 6 or more WD40 motifs were considered for further studies. The WD40 proteins in yeast which are involved in various biological processes show distribution on all chromosomes (16 chromosomes in yeast) except chromosome 1. Besides the WD40 domain some of these proteins also contain other protein domains which might be responsible for the diversity in the functions of WD40 proteins in the budding yeast. These proteins in budding yeast were analysed by DAVID and Blast2Go software for functional and domains categorization. Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen also have orthologs of these WD40 proteins with possible similar functions. This is the first time genome wide analysis of WD40 proteins in lower eukaryote i.e. budding yeast. This data may be useful in further study of the functional diversity of yeast proteomes.
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Non-Toxic and Ultra-Small Biosilver Nanoclusters Trigger Apoptotic Cell Death in Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans via Ras Signaling. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9020047. [PMID: 30769763 PMCID: PMC6406502 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver-based nanostructures are suitable for many biomedical applications, but to be useful therapeutic agents, the high toxicity of these nanomaterials must be eliminated. Here, we biosynthesize nontoxic and ultra-small silver nanoclusters (rsAg@NCs) using metabolites of usnioid lichen (a symbiotic association of algae and fungi) that exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity against fluconazole (FCZ)-resistant Candida albicans that is many times higher than chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and FCZ. The rsAg@NCs trigger apoptosis via reactive oxygen species accumulation that leads to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, chromosomal condensation, and the activation of metacaspases. The proteomic analysis clearly demonstrates that rsAg@NCs exposure significantly alters protein expression. Most remarkable among the down-regulated proteins are those related to glycolysis, metabolism, free radical scavenging, anti-apoptosis, and mitochondrial function. In contrast, proteins involved in plasma membrane function, oxidative stress, cell death, and apoptosis were upregulated. Eventually, we also established that the apoptosis-inducing potential of rsAg@NCs is due to the activation of Ras signaling, which confirms their application in combating FCZ-resistant C. albicans infections.
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Biological Roles of Protein-Coding Tandem Repeats in the Yeast Candida Albicans. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:jof4030078. [PMID: 29966250 PMCID: PMC6162428 DOI: 10.3390/jof4030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tandem repeat (TR) DNA mutates faster than other DNA by insertion and deletion of repeats. Large parts of eukaryotic proteomes are encoded by ORFs containing protein-coding TRs (TR-ORFs, pcTRs) with largely unknown biological consequences. We explored these in the yeast Candida albicans, an opportunistic human pathogen. We found that almost half of C. albicans’ proteins are encoded by TR-ORFs. pcTR frequency differed only moderately between different gene (GO) categories. Bioinformatic predictions of genome-wide mutation rates and clade-specific differences in pcTR allele frequencies indicated that pcTRs (i) significantly increase the genome-wide mutation rate; (ii) significantly impact on fitness and (iii) allow the evolution of selectively advantageous clade-specific protein variants. Synonymous mutations reduced the repetitiveness of many amino acid repeat-encoding pcTRs. A survey, in 58 strains, revealed that in some pcTR regions in which repetitiveness was not significantly diminished by synonymous mutations the habitat predicted which alleles were present, suggesting roles of pcTR mutation in short-term adaptation and pathogenesis. In C. albicans pcTR mutation apparently is an important mechanism for mutational advance and possibly also rapid adaptation, with synonymous mutations providing a mechanism for adjusting mutation rates of individual pcTRs. Analyses of Arabidopsis and human pcTRs showed that the latter also occurs in other eukaryotes.
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Yuan L, Su Y, Zhou S, Feng Y, Guo W, Wang X. A RACK1-like protein regulates hyphal morphogenesis, root entry and in vivo virulence in Verticillium dahliae. Fungal Genet Biol 2017; 99:52-61. [PMID: 28089629 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To identify key genes expressed in Verticillium dahliae in early stages of infection of cotton roots, spore suspensions of eight V. dahliae isolates with different virulence levels were induced by cotton roots and genes expressed in these isolates during the early stages of infection were profiled. A gene that was differentially expressed between highly and less virulent strains was identified. Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of the gene suggested that it belongs to the putative Gβ-like/RACK1 protein family, and has seven WD40 domains. Targeted deletion of the gene revealed that it controls a number of growth-related phenotypes, including conidia and microsclerotia production, normal spore germination and hyphal development. RACK1 is a component of eukaryotic ribosomes, and here we found by qRT-PCR that disruption of RACK1 in V. dahliae (designated VdRACK1) significantly altered the transcriptional levels of other ribosomal proteins, suggesting possible global effects of VdRACK1 deletion on the protein translation of other genes. VdRACK1-null mutants lost the ability to penetrate intact cotton roots. However, the mutant strain was able to infect root-wounded cotton plants and, intriguingly, resulted in a hypervirulent phenotype, implicating a role for VdRACK1 in the restriction of rampant growth within the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yaxin Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yigao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Roles of Rack1 Proteins in Fungal Pathogenesis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4130376. [PMID: 27656651 PMCID: PMC5021465 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4130376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungi cause diseases on various organisms. Despite their differences in life cycles, fungal pathogens use well-conserved proteins and pathways to regulate developmental and infection processes. In this review, we focus on Rack1, a multifaceted scaffolding protein involved in various biological processes. Rack1 is well conserved in eukaryotes and plays important roles in fungi, though limited studies have been conducted. To accelerate the study of Rack1 proteins in fungi, we review the functions of Rack1 proteins in model and pathogenic fungi and summarize recent progress on how Rack1 proteins are involved in fungal pathogenesis.
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Fiorini A, Rosado FR, Bettega EMDS, Melo KCS, Kukolj C, Bonfim-Mendonça PDS, Shinobu-Mesquita CS, Ghiraldi LD, Campanerut PAZ, Capoci IRG, Godoy JSR, Ferreira ICP, Svidzinski TIE. Candida albicans PROTEIN PROFILE CHANGES IN RESPONSE TO THE BUTANOLIC EXTRACT OF Sapindus saponariaL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 58:25. [PMID: 27074319 PMCID: PMC4826078 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201658025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic human pathogen that is capable
of causing superficial and systemic infections in immunocompromised patients.
Extracts of Sapindus saponaria have been used as antimicrobial
agents against various organisms. In the present study, we used a combination of
two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and matrix-assisted
laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to
identify the changes in protein abundance of C. albicans after
exposure to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and sub-minimal inhibitory
concentration (sub-MIC) of the butanolic extract (BUTE) of S.
saponaria and also to fluconazole. A total of six different proteins with
greater than 1.5 fold induction or repression relative to the untreated control cells
were identified among the three treatments. In general, proteins/enzymes involved
with the glycolysis (GPM1, ENO1, FBA1), amino acid metabolism (ILV5, PDC11) and
protein synthesis (ASC1) pathways were detected. In conclusion, our findings reveal
antifungal-induced changes in protein abundance of C. albicans. By
using the previously identified components of the BUTE of S.
saponaria(e.g., saponins and sesquiterpene oligoglycosides), it will be
possible to compare the behavior of compounds with unknown mechanisms of action, and
this knowledge will help to focus the subsequent biochemical work aimed at defining
the effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fiorini
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Fabio Rogério Rosado
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, PR, Brazil,
| | - Eliane Martins da Silva Bettega
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Kátia Cristina Sibin Melo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Caroline Kukolj
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil,
| | - Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Cristiane Suemi Shinobu-Mesquita
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Luciana Dias Ghiraldi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Paula Aline Zanetti Campanerut
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Isis Regina Grenier Capoci
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Janine Silva Ribeiro Godoy
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
| | | | - Terezinha Inez Estivalet Svidzinski
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, , , , , , , , , ,
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Bitencourt TA, Macedo C, Franco ME, Assis AF, Komoto TT, Stehling EG, Beleboni RO, Malavazi I, Marins M, Fachin AL. Transcription profile of Trichophyton rubrum conidia grown on keratin reveals the induction of an adhesin-like protein gene with a tandem repeat pattern. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:249. [PMID: 26993619 PMCID: PMC4797125 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trichophyton rubrum is a cosmopolitan filamentous fungus that can infect human keratinized tissue (skin, nails and, rarely, hair) and is the major agent of all chronic and recurrent dermatophytoses. The dermatophyte infection process is initiated through the release of arthroconidial adhesin, which binds to the host stratum corneum. The conidia then germinate, and fungal hyphae invade keratinized skin structures through the secretion of proteases. Although arthroconidia play a central role in pathogenesis, little is known about the dormancy and germination of T. rubrum conidia and the initiation of infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the transcriptional gene expression profile of T. rubrum conidia during growth on keratin- or elastin-containing medium, mimicking superficial and deep dermatophytosis, respectively. Results A transcriptional profiling analysis was conducted using a custom oligonucleotide-based microarray by comparing T. rubrum conidia grown on elastin and keratin substrates. This comparison shows differences according to protein source used, but consisted of a very small set of genes, which could be attributed to the quiescent status of conidia. The modulated genes were related to the dormancy, survival and germination of conidia, including genes involved in the respiratory chain, signal transduction and lipid metabolism. However, an induction of a great number of proteases occurred when T. rubrum was grown in the presence of keratin such as the subtilisin family of proteases (Sub 1 and Sub 3) and leucine aminopeptidase (Lap 1 and Lap 2). Interestingly, keratin also promoted the up-regulation of a gene encoding an adhesin-like protein with a tandem repeat sequence. In silico analysis showed that the protein contains a domain related to adhesin that may play a role in host-pathogen interactions. The expression of this adhesin-like gene was also induced during the co-culture of T. rubrum with a human keratinocyte cell line, confirming its role in fungal-host interactions. Conclusion These results contribute to the discovery of new targets involved in the adhesion of conidia and the maintenance of conidial dormancy, which are essential for triggering the process of infection and the chronicity of dermatophytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Aparecida Bitencourt
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Av: Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Macedo
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Matheus Eloy Franco
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Av: Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas - Campus Machado, Machado, Brazil
| | - Amanda Freire Assis
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Takahasi Komoto
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Av: Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rene Oliveira Beleboni
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Av: Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Mozart Marins
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Av: Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Fachin
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Av: Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Gil-Bona A, Monteoliva L, Gil C. Global Proteomic Profiling of the Secretome of Candida albicans ecm33 Cell Wall Mutant Reveals the Involvement of Ecm33 in Sap2 Secretion. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4270-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gil-Bona
- Departamento de
Microbiología
II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón
y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Monteoliva
- Departamento de
Microbiología
II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón
y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- Departamento de
Microbiología
II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón
y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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The Gβ-like protein CpcB is required for hyphal growth, conidiophore morphology and pathogenicity in Aspergillus fumigatus. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 81:120-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Reales-Calderón JA, Corona F, Monteoliva L, Gil C, Martínez JL. Quantitative proteomics unravels that the post-transcriptional regulator Crc modulates the generation of vesicles and secreted virulence determinants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Proteomics 2015; 127:352-64. [PMID: 26102536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent research indicates that the post-transcriptional regulator Crc modulates susceptibility to antibiotics and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several P. aeruginosa virulence factors are secreted or engulfed in vesicles. To decipher the Crc modulation of P. aeruginosa virulence, we constructed a crc deficient mutant and measure the proteome associated extracellular vesicles and the vesicle-free secretome using iTRAQ. Fifty vesicle-associated proteins were more abundant and 14 less abundant in the crc-defective strain, whereas 37 were more abundant and 17 less abundant in the vesicle-free secretome. Among them, virulence determinants, such as ToxA, protease IV, azurin, chitin-binding protein, PlcB and Hcp1, were less abundant in the crc-defective mutant. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that some of the observed changes were post-transcriptional and, thus, could be attributed to a direct Crc regulatory role; whereas, for other differentially secreted proteins, the regulatory role was likely indirect. We also observed that the crc mutant presented an impaired vesicle-associated secretion of quorum sensing signal molecules and less cytotoxicity than its wild-type strain. Our results offer new insights into the mechanisms by which Crc regulates P. aeruginosa virulence, through the modulation of vesicle formation and secretion of both virulence determinants and quorum sensing signals. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: HUPO 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Reales-Calderón
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Corona
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Monteoliva
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Martínez
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Maserti B, Podda A, Giorgetti L, Del Carratore R, Chevret D, Migheli Q. Proteome changes during yeast-like and pseudohyphal growth in the biofilm-forming yeast Pichia fermentans. Amino Acids 2015; 47:1091-106. [PMID: 25743163 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-1933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Pichia fermentans strain DISAABA 726 is a biofilm-forming yeast that has been proposed as biocontrol agent to control brown rot on apple. How ever, when inoculated on peach, strain 726 shows yeast-like to pseudohyphal transition coupled to a pathogenic behaviour. To identify the proteins potentially involved in such transition process, a comparative proteome analysis of P. fermentans 726 developed on peach (filamentous growth) vs apple (yeast-like growth) was carried out using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. The proteome comparison was also performed between the two different cell morphologies induced in a liquid medium amended with urea (yeast-like cells) or methionine (filamentous cells) to exclude fruit tissue impact on the transition. Seventy-three protein spots showed significant variations in abundance (±twofold, p < 0.01, confidence intervals 99 %) between pseudohyphal vs yeast-like morphology produced on fruits. Among them, 30 proteins changed their levels when the two morphologies were developed in liquid medium. The identified proteins belong to several pathways and functions, such as glycolysis, amino acid synthesis, chaperones, and signalling transduction. The possible role of a group of proteins belonging to the carbohydrate pathway in the metabolic re-organisation during P. fermentans dimorphic transition is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancaelena Maserti
- CNR-IPSP, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Dipartimento di Scienze Bio-Agroalimentari, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Area della Ricerca CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy,
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14
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Saunders DGO, Win J, Cano LM, Szabo LJ, Kamoun S, Raffaele S. Using hierarchical clustering of secreted protein families to classify and rank candidate effectors of rust fungi. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29847. [PMID: 22238666 PMCID: PMC3253089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rust fungi are obligate biotrophic pathogens that cause considerable damage on crop plants. Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat stem rust, and Melampsora larici-populina, the poplar leaf rust pathogen, have strong deleterious impacts on wheat and poplar wood production, respectively. Filamentous pathogens such as rust fungi secrete molecules called disease effectors that act as modulators of host cell physiology and can suppress or trigger host immunity. Current knowledge on effectors from other filamentous plant pathogens can be exploited for the characterisation of effectors in the genome of recently sequenced rust fungi. We designed a comprehensive in silico analysis pipeline to identify the putative effector repertoire from the genome of two plant pathogenic rust fungi. The pipeline is based on the observation that known effector proteins from filamentous pathogens have at least one of the following properties: (i) contain a secretion signal, (ii) are encoded by in planta induced genes, (iii) have similarity to haustorial proteins, (iv) are small and cysteine rich, (v) contain a known effector motif or a nuclear localization signal, (vi) are encoded by genes with long intergenic regions, (vii) contain internal repeats, and (viii) do not contain PFAM domains, except those associated with pathogenicity. We used Markov clustering and hierarchical clustering to classify protein families of rust pathogens and rank them according to their likelihood of being effectors. Using this approach, we identified eight families of candidate effectors that we consider of high value for functional characterization. This study revealed a diverse set of candidate effectors, including families of haustorial expressed secreted proteins and small cysteine-rich proteins. This comprehensive classification of candidate effectors from these devastating rust pathogens is an initial step towards probing plant germplasm for novel resistance components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joe Win
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Liliana M. Cano
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Les J. Szabo
- Cereal Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sophien Kamoun
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Raffaele
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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15
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Li YP, Xu Y, Huang ZB. Isolation and characterization of the citrinin biosynthetic gene cluster from Monascus aurantiacus. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 34:131-6. [PMID: 21956130 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0745-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Monascus aurantiacus produces high amounts of citrinin which is a mycotoxin with nephrotoxic activity. Six putative citrinin biosynthesis genes have been discovered in M. purpureus and at least 10 genes are responsible for its biosynthesis. However, the sequence of citrinin pathway gene cluster in M. aurantiacus has not been reported. Here, the putative sequence of citrinin biosynthetic gene cluster was obtained by a PCR-based strategy for screening a genome fosmid library of M. aurantiacus. A sequence of 43 kb revealed 16 ORFs including the six putative biosynthetic genes reported previous. The putative gene cluster consists of a polytekide synthetase encoding one PKS module, an oxidoreductase gene, three dehydrogenase genes, an acyl-coenzyme A synthetase gene, a membrane transport protein gene, a transcriptional activator gene as well as genes encoding proteins of undefined function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanjing East Road 235, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi, China.
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16
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Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen. J Microbiol 2011; 49:171-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-011-1064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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