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Yang Q, Yuan Y, Lyu D, Zhuang R, Xue D, Niu C, Ma L, Zhang L. The role of coffee and potential mediators in subclinical atherosclerosis: insights from Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1405353. [PMID: 39119461 PMCID: PMC11309031 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1405353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Coffee contains many bioactive compounds, and its inconsistent association with subclinical atherosclerosis has been reported in observational studies. In this Mendelian randomization study, we investigated whether genetically predicted coffee consumption is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the role of potential mediators. Methods We first conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the causal effect of coffee and its subtypes on subclinical atherosclerosis inferred from coronary artery calcification (CAC). Next, the significant results were validated using another independent dataset. Two-step Mendelian randomization analyses were utilized to evaluate the causal pathway from coffee to subclinical atherosclerosis through potential mediators, including blood pressure, blood lipids, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin. Mendelian randomization analyses were performed using the multiplicative random effects inverse-variance weighted method as the main approach, followed by a series of complementary methods and sensitivity analyses. Results Coffee, filtered coffee, and instant coffee were associated with the risk of CAC (β = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.12 to 1.47, p = 0.022; β = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.17 to 1.15, p = 0.008; β = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.13, p = 0.005; respectively). While no significant causal relationship was found between decaffeinated coffee and CAC (β = -1.32, 95% CI: -2.67 to 0.04, p = 0.056). The association between coffee and CAC was validated in the replication analysis (β = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.48, p = 0.009). Body mass index mediated 39.98% of the effect of coffee on CAC (95% CI: 9.78 to 70.19%, p = 0.009), and 5.79% of the effect of instant coffee on CAC (95% CI: 0.54 to 11.04%, p = 0.030). Conclusion Our study suggests that coffee other than decaffeinated coffee increases the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis inferred from CAC. Body mass index mediated 39.98 and 5.79% of the causal effects of coffee and instant coffee on CAC, respectively. Coffee should be consumed with caution, especially in individuals with established cardiovascular risk factors, and decaffeinated coffee appears to be a safer choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Food Science Editorial Department, Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| | - Diyang Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Donghua Xue
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chaofeng Niu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liyong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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2
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Del Giorno R, Scanzio S, De Napoli E, Stefanelli K, Gabutti S, Troiani C, Gabutti L. Habitual coffee and caffeinated beverages consumption is inversely associated with arterial stiffness and central and peripheral blood pressure. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:106-115. [PMID: 34058944 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1926935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of chronic coffee consumption on the cardiovascular system are still under debate. Aortic stiffness, wave reflections, and central and peripheral blood pressure (BP) are milestone indicators of cardiovascular-risk. We sought to investigate the association between coffee and caffeine consumption, arterial stiffness, and central/peripheral BP. Aortic stiffness was evaluated via pulse wave velocity (PWV); wave reflections with the augmentation index (AIx);peripheral systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and central BP (cSBP/cDBP) were non-invasively assessed. Coffee and caffeine consumption was ascertained using a questionnaire. A linear inverse relationship between coffee and caffeine consumption and arterial stiffness and central and peripheral BP was found.Light coffee and caffeine consumers showed β-coefficients for PWV-0.15, SBP-3.61, DBP-2.48, cSBP-3.21, and cDBP-2.18 (all p values < 0.05).Present findings suggest that coffee and caffeine consumption is inversely associated with arterial stiffness and central and peripheral BP in a large population sample. Interventional prospective studies are needed to demonstrate the causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Del Giorno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Scanzio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano De Napoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Kevyn Stefanelli
- Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sofia Gabutti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Troiani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Gabutti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
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3
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Azad BJ, Heshmati J, Daneshzad E, Palmowski A. Effects of coffee consumption on arterial stiffness and endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 61:1013-1026. [PMID: 32292049 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1750343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial function (EF) and arterial stiffness (AS) are predictors of cardiovascular disease. As previous research concerning the effect of coffee intake on EF and AS was controversial, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize research. METHODS We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to find clinical trials investigating the effect of coffee intake on EF or AS up to March 2020.Random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) between intervention and control groups for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Between study heterogeneity was estimated using Cochran's Q and the I 2-inconsistency index. Internal validity of included randomized trials was determined with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias. RESULTS Twenty-three articles were included for qualitative and 11 articles for quantitative synthesis. Meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (nine articles) indicated a positive short-term (postprandial) effect of coffee intake on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) as a measure of EF (WMD: 1.93%[95% CI: 1.10-2.75]; I 2= 97.9%). Meta-analysis of three long-term RCTs(two articles) found no such effect on FMD (WMD: -0.08% [-3.82 to 3.66]; I 2= 61.4%).Most short-term information was from studies at low or unclear risk of bias, while the proportion of long-term information from studies at high risk of bias was considerable. CONCLUSION The results from this meta-analysis suggest a beneficial short-term effect of coffee
intake on EF as measured by FMD. However, there might be unfavorable effects on AS. Our findings must be interpreted cautiously as the number of studies were low and included studies had a considerable risk of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Jafari Azad
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Andriko Palmowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Fatima F, Hazari MAH, Arifuddin MS, Tahreem SA. Effect of tea and coffee consumption on the blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and aortic pressures in young healthy individuals. ANNALS OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 4:3-11. [DOI: 10.23921/amp.2020v4i1.94611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Caffeine present in tea and coffee, the most commonly used beverages, has been implicated to have long term effects on cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to document the acute and chronic effects of tea and coffee consumption on blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and aortic pressures in young, healthy individuals. This observational study was conducted on 86 healthy MBBS student volunteers of both genders between the age group of 18-27 years. Cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, peripheral blood pressure, central blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, augmentation pressure) were measured using PeriScope. Participants were divided into 3 groups based on their history of consuming tea/coffee/both/none. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS 17.0. ANOVA or Welsh test of equality of means was used for knowing the differences for scale variables. Paired sample t test was used to know the acute effect of coffee consumption among group 1 participants in a before-after design. In regular tea consumers, the bilateral brachial SBP, DBP and MAP were significantly higher than individuals who did not consume tea regularly; similar results in these parameters were also observed in regular coffee drinkers. However the lower limb arterial parameters were not markedly differently in tea/coffee group compared to non-drinkers. In both tea and coffee group, AoSP and AoDP were significantly higher than non-drinkers. Additionally, coffee drinking has acute stimulatory effects on CVS as evident by increase in peripheral and central vascular parameters.
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5
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Conflicting Effects of Coffee Consumption on Cardiovascular Diseases: Does Coffee Consumption Aggravate Pre-existing Risk Factors? Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. Its effect on health is generally regarded as beneficial in many studies. However, there are growing concerns about the adverse effect of coffee consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to the potential aggravating impact on the cardiovascular system attributed to various compounds within coffee. This review is focused on deteriorative effects of coffee consumption on CVDs with possible mechanisms. Patients with risk factors of CVDs should prudently consider heavy consumption of coffee as it may exacerbate hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, and increase the odds of cardiovascular events. J-shaped or U-shaped dose-response graphs of coffee consumption and CVD parameters partially explain the inconsistency of conclusions between coffee studies on CVD, highlighting a moderate intake of coffee. Moreover, there are discrepancies in results from clinical studies elucidating considerable influences of confounding factors including gender and smoking status on outcomes of those conducted to reveal the actual impact of coffee consumption on CVDs. Physical features of subjects including genetic variations and body mass index (BMI) make it difficult to determine moderate intake of coffee for individuals in terms of caffeine metabolism. Further epidemiological studies with consideration about characteristics of the study population are needed to determine the exact effect of coffee consumption on CVD.
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6
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Park J, Han JW, Lee JR, Byun S, Suh SW, Kim JH, Kim KW. Association between lifetime coffee consumption and late life cerebral white matter hyperintensities in cognitively normal elderly individuals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:421. [PMID: 31949239 PMCID: PMC6965088 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee consumption is associated with cerebral hypoperfusion that may contribute to the development of cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We investigated the effect of lifetime coffee consumption on the volume of WMH (VWMH) in late life, and compared the effect between men and women since caffeine clearance may be different between sexes. We enrolled 492 community-dwelling cognitively normal elderly individuals (73.4 ± 6.7 years old on average) from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia. We evaluated their patterns and amounts of coffee consumption using a study-specific standardized interview and estimated cerebral VWMH by automatic segmentation of brain fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence magnetic resonance images. Higher cumulative lifetime coffee consumption was associated with higher logVWMH in both sexes (p = 0.030). The participants who consumed more than 2 cups of coffee per day on average in their lifetime showed higher logVWMH in late life than those who consumed less. When both sexes were analyzed separately, these coffee-logVWMH associations were found only in women, although the volumes of brain and white matter of women were smaller than those of men. Our findings suggest that prolonged high coffee consumption may be associated with the risk of WMH in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongbin Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ju Ri Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seonjeong Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung Wan Suh
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. .,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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7
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Farsalinos KE, Polosa R, Cibella F, Niaura R. Is e-cigarette use associated with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction? Insights from the 2016 and 2017 National Health Interview Surveys. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2019; 10:2040622319877741. [PMID: 31632622 PMCID: PMC6767743 DOI: 10.1177/2040622319877741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) of 2016 (n = 33,028) and 2017 (n = 26,742) to examine whether e-cigarette use is consistently associated with myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS Surveys were examined separately and pooled. Logistic regression analysis was used, with demographics, e-cigarette use, smoking and risk factors for CHD (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes) being independent variables. Former smokers were subclassified according to quit duration (⩽ 6 and > 6 years). RESULTS For MI, an association was observed with some days e-cigarette (but not daily) use in the 2017 survey (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.14-3.88, p = 0.017). No statistically significant association was observed in the pooled analysis (daily e-cigarette use: OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.80-2.27, p = 0.267). For CHD, an association was observed with daily e-cigarette use in the 2016 survey (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.01-3.53, p = 0.047). From the pooled analysis, no association was found between any pattern of e-cigarette use and CHD. In single-year and pooled analysis, both MI and CHD were strongly associated with all patterns of smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and age. CONCLUSIONS The pooled analysis of the 2016 and 2017 NHIS showed no association between e-cigarette use and MI or CHD. The associations between established risk factors, including smoking, and both conditions were remarkably consistent. The inconsistent associations observed in single-year surveys and the cross-sectional design of the NHIS cannot substantiate any link between e-cigarette use and an elevated risk for MI or CHD. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the effects of e-cigarette use on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos E Farsalinos
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Sygrou 356,
Kallithea 17674, Greece Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio,
Greece National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental
Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the acceleration of
HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Cibella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of
Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Raymond Niaura
- Departments of Social and Behavioral Science and
Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New
York, USA
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8
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Ponte B, Pruijm M, Ackermann D, Ehret G, Ansermot N, Staessen JA, Vogt B, Pechère-Bertschi A, Burnier M, Martin PY, Eap CB, Bochud M, Guessous I. Associations of Urinary Caffeine and Caffeine Metabolites With Arterial Stiffness in a Large Population-Based Study. Mayo Clin Proc 2018; 93:586-596. [PMID: 29551227 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of caffeine on arterial stiffness by exploring the association of urinary excretion of caffeine and its related metabolites with pulse pressure (PP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Families were randomly selected from the general population of 3 Swiss cities from November 25, 2009, through April 4, 2013. Pulse pressure was defined as the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures obtained by 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. Carotid-femoral PWV was determined by applanation tonometry. Urinary caffeine, paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine excretions were measured in 24-hour urine collections. Multivariate linear and logistic mixed models were used to explore the associations of quartiles of urinary caffeine and metabolite excretions with PP, high PP, and PWV. RESULTS We included 863 participants with a mean ± SD age of 47.1±17.6 years, 24-hour PP of 41.9±9.2 mm Hg, and PWV of 8.0±2.3 m/s. Mean (SE) brachial PP decreased from 43.5 (0.5) to 40.5 (0.6) mm Hg from the lowest to the highest quartiles of 24-hour urinary caffeine excretion (P<.001). The odds ratio (95% CI) of high PP decreased linearly from 1.0 to 0.52 (0.31-0.89), 0.38 (0.22-0.65), and 0.31 (0.18-0.55) from the lowest to the highest quartile of 24-hour urinary caffeine excretion (P<.001). Mean (SE) PWV in the highest caffeine excretion quartile was significantly lower than in the lowest quartile (7.8 [0.1] vs 8.1 [0.1] m/s; P=.03). Similar associations were found for paraxanthine and theophylline, whereas no associations were found with theobromine. CONCLUSION Urinary caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline excretions were associated with decreased parameters of arterial stiffness, suggesting a protective effect of caffeine intake beyond its blood pressure-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Ponte
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Menno Pruijm
- Service of Nephrology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ackermann
- Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georg Ehret
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Ansermot
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Jan A Staessen
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Division of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Leuven, Belgium; Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Bruno Vogt
- Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antoinette Pechère-Bertschi
- Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Burnier
- Service of Nephrology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Martin
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chin B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland; School of Pharmacy Geneva-Lausanne, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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9
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Reply to Letter to the Editor to J-shaped relationship between habitual coffee consumption and 10-year (2002-2012) cardiovascular disease incidence: the ATTICA study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 56:2213-2214. [PMID: 28653177 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Lee IT, Sheu WHH, Lee WJ, Chen DY. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor predicting reduction in pulse pressure after a one-hour rest in nurses working night shifts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5485. [PMID: 29615787 PMCID: PMC5882896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Night shift work is associated with cardiovascular disease and central nervous system disorders in female nurses. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts protective effects on neural and endothelial functions. This study examined the association between serum BDNF levels and pulse pressure after rest in female nurses working night shifts. In this study, blood samples were collected for BDNF measurement after a night shift when nurses had been working night shifts for three continuous weeks. Blood pressure was assessed before and after a one-hour morning rest within a week of resuming the night shift after one month without any night shift work. The pulse pressure of nurses (n = 48, age 29 ± 5 years) was significantly reduced (from 43 ± 7 to 41 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.003) after rest, and serum BDNF were significantly and inversely correlated with pulse pressure changes (r = −0.435, P = 0.002). Higher serum BDNF was an independent factor for greater reduction in pulse pressure (95%CI = −0.609 ‒ −0.174, P = 0.001). Using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, serum BDNF >20.6 ng/mL predicted a pulse pressure reduction after a one-hour rest (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 77.8%). In conclusion, higher serum BDNF predicted greater recovery of pulse pressure after a one-hour rest in female nurses after night shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Ioakeimidis N, Tzifos V, Vlachopoulos C, Terentes-Printzios D, Georgakopoulos C, Tousoulis D. Acute effect of coffee on aortic stiffness and wave reflections in healthy individuals: differential effect according to habitual consumption. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 69:870-881. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1422700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Ioakeimidis
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaios Tzifos
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Vlachopoulos
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Georgakopoulos
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tousoulis
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
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12
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Farsalinos K. Electronic cigarettes: an aid in smoking cessation, or a new health hazard? Ther Adv Respir Dis 2018; 12:1753465817744960. [PMID: 29214890 PMCID: PMC5937152 DOI: 10.1177/1753465817744960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of electronic cigarettes is one of the most controversial topics in public health. There is intense debate and dividing opinions about their use patterns, health effects and association with smoking. This is expected since they were only recently introduced to the market and they refer to a harm-reduction approach and strategy that is not universally accepted for smoking and tobacco use in the public health community. Three main factors determine the public health impact of electronic cigarettes: (1) their safety/risk profile, both relative to smoking and in absolute terms; (2) their effectiveness for smoking reduction and cessation; (3) the patterns of use by different population subgroups, especially never-smokers, and adoption of use by youth. This analysis presents a brief overview of currently available evidence and gaps in research covering these three factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Farsalinos
- Department of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac
Surgery Center, Sygrou 356, Kallithea 17674, Greece Department of Pharmacy,
University of Patras, Rio-Patras 26500, Greece National School of Public
Health, Athens, Greece
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13
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Wikoff D, Welsh BT, Henderson R, Brorby GP, Britt J, Myers E, Goldberger J, Lieberman HR, O'Brien C, Peck J, Tenenbein M, Weaver C, Harvey S, Urban J, Doepker C. Systematic review of the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy adults, pregnant women, adolescents, and children. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:585-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Caffeine and cardiovascular health. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 89:165-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Whole grain consumption is negatively correlated with obesity-associated aortic stiffness: A hypothesis. Nutrition 2017; 45:32-36. [PMID: 29129234 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that increases aortic stiffness, which predicts future cardiovascular events. Additionally, obesity is associated with overconsumption, which contributes to aortic stiffening. Recent work has highlighted the role of various foods and nutrients on aortic stiffness among the general population. The objective of the present study was to explore the influence of dietary factors on obesity-associated aortic stiffness, as food choices might be a potential explanation for accelerated aortic stiffening in obesity rather than overconsumption alone. METHODS Data collected in our laboratory were evaluated in aggregate considering obese men with available measures of aortic stiffness and habitual dietary intake (n = 22). Aortic stiffness was assessed with the gold standard carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, and habitual dietary intake was determined with the National Institutes of Health's Dietary History Questionnaire-II. RESULTS Whole grain consumption predicted obesity-associated aortic stiffness in regression analyses (R2 = 0.29, P = 0.010). This correlation remained significant after adjusting for traditional risk factors (age, body mass index, blood pressure) (R2 = 0.27, P = 0.027). Overconsumption determined by daily caloric intake was not predictive of aortic stiffness (R2 = 0.09, P = 0.17) nor was total fiber content (R2 = 0.06, P = 0.29). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a potential role of whole grains to protect against aortic stiffness even when dietary overconsumption is present. Fiber content has been proposed as a major beneficial component in whole grains, but it did not correlate with obesity-related aortic stiffness, suggesting whole grains may have a unique and potentially synergistic role in the protection of obesity-associated aortic health.
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Li X, Lyu P, Ren Y, An J, Dong Y. Arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380:1-10. [PMID: 28870545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness is one of the earliest indicators of changes in vascular wall structure and function and may be assessed using various indicators, such as pulse-wave velocity (PWV), the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), the ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse pressure (PP), the augmentation index (AI), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness index-β. Arterial stiffness is generally considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. To date, a significant number of studies have focused on the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To investigate the relationships between specific arterial stiffness parameters and cognitive impairment, elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment and determine how to interfere with arterial stiffness to prevent cognitive impairment, we searched PUBMED for studies regarding the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment that were published from 2000 to 2017. We used the following key words in our search: "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment" and "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment mechanism". Studies involving human subjects older than 30years were included in the review, while irrelevant studies (i.e., studies involving subjects with comorbid kidney disease, diabetes and cardiac disease) were excluded from the review. RESULTS We determined that arterial stiffness severity was positively correlated with cognitive impairment. Of the markers used to assess arterial stiffness, a higher PWV, CAVI, AI, IMT and index-β and a lower ABI and FMD were related to cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between PP and cognitive impairment remained controversial. The potential mechanisms linking arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may be associated with arterial pulsatility, as greater arterial pulsatility damages the cerebral microcirculation, which causes various phenomena associated with cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs), such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and lacunar infarctions (LIs). The mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may also be associated with reductions in white matter and gray matter integrity, medial temporal lobe atrophy and Aβ protein deposition. Engaging in more frequent physical exercise; increasing flavonoid and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption; increasing tea, nitrite, dietary calcium and vitamin D intake; losing weight and taking medications intended to improve insulin sensitivity; quitting smoking; and using antihypertensive drugs and statins are early interventions and lifestyle changes that may be effective in preventing arterial stiffness and thus preventing cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Arterial stiffness is a sensitive predictor of cognitive impairment, and arterial stiffness severity has the potential to serve as an indicator used to facilitate treatments designed to prevent or delay the onset and progression of dementia in elderly individuals. Early treatment of arterial stiffness is beneficial and recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Peiyuan Lyu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Yanyan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jin An
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Kouli GM, Panagiotakos DB, Georgousopoulou EN, Mellor DD, Chrysohoou C, Zana A, Tsigos C, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Pitsavos C. J-shaped relationship between habitual coffee consumption and 10-year (2002-2012) cardiovascular disease incidence: the ATTICA study. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:1677-1685. [PMID: 28424867 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in the ATTICA study, and whether this is modified by the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) at baseline. METHODS During 2001-2002, 3042 healthy adults (1514 men and 1528 women) living in the greater area of Athens were voluntarily recruited to the ATTICA study. In 2011-2012, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 2583 participants (15% of the participants were lost to follow-up). Coffee consumption was assessed by a validated food-frequency questionnaire at baseline (abstention, low, moderate, heavy). Incidence of fatal or non-fatal CVD event was recorded using WHO-ICD-10 criteria and MetS was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment panel III (revised) criteria. RESULTS Overall, after controlling for potential CVD risk factors, the multivariate analysis revealed a J-shaped association between daily coffee drinking and the risk for a first CVD event in a 10-year period. Particularly, the odds ratio for low (<150 ml/day), moderate (150-250 ml/day) and heavy coffee consumption (>250 ml/day), compared to abstention, were 0.44 (95% CI 0.29-0.68), 0.49 (95% CI 0.27-0.92) and 2.48 (95% CI 1.56-1.93), respectively. This inverse association was also verified among participants without MetS at baseline, but not among participants with the MetS. CONCLUSIONS These data support the protective effect of drinking moderate quantities of coffee (equivalent to approximately 1-2 cups daily) against CVD incidents. This protective effect was only significant for participants without MetS at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia-Maria Kouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 46 Paleon Polemiston St., 166 74, Glyfada, Attica, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 46 Paleon Polemiston St., 166 74, Glyfada, Attica, Greece.
| | - Ekavi N Georgousopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 46 Paleon Polemiston St., 166 74, Glyfada, Attica, Greece.,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Duane D Mellor
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Adela Zana
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 46 Paleon Polemiston St., 166 74, Glyfada, Attica, Greece
| | - Constantine Tsigos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 46 Paleon Polemiston St., 166 74, Glyfada, Attica, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tousoulis
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Acute effect of coffee consumption on arterial stiffness, evaluated using an oscillometric method. Artery Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Notara V, Panagiotakos DB, Kouvari M, Tzanoglou D, Kouli G, Mantas Y, Kogias Y, Stravopodis P, Papanagnou G, Zombolos S, Babatsikou F, Koutis C, Pitsavos C. The role of coffee consumption on the 10-year (2004-2014) Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) incidence among cardiac patients: the GREECS observational study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66:722-8. [PMID: 26307525 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1077795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The association between long-term coffee consumption and 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence among Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients was evaluated. From 2003 to 2004, 2172 ACS consecutive patients from six major Greek hospitals were enrolled. During 2013-2014, the 10-year follow-up was performed (88% participation rate) and recurrent fatal or non-fatal ACS was recorded. Baseline coffee consumption (cups/day) was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Multi adjusted analysis revealed that 1-2 cups of coffee/day versus no consumption had an adverse effect on the ACS incidence [odds ratio (OR) = 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 1.79]. In subgroup analysis, with hypertension as strata, only the normotensive reached significance. Odds ratios for 1-2 and ≥3 cups relative to no consumption were [OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.07, 2.60] and [OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.06, 3.27], respectively, after controlling for potential confounders. Thus, avoidance of coffee may be of high importance to ameliorate disease prognosis among cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venetia Notara
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University , Athens , Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University , Athens , Greece
| | - Matina Kouvari
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University , Athens , Greece
| | - Despoina Tzanoglou
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University , Athens , Greece
| | - Georgia Kouli
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University , Athens , Greece
| | - Yannis Mantas
- b Cardiology Clinic, General Hospital of Chalkida , Chalkida , Greece
| | - Yannis Kogias
- c Cardiology Clinic, General Hospital of Karditsa , Karditsa , Greece
| | | | | | - Spyros Zombolos
- f Cardiology Clinic, General Hospital of Kalamata , Kalamata , Greece
| | | | - Charilaos Koutis
- h Department of Public Health & Community Health , Technological Educational Institute of Athens , and
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- i First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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The evaluation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers on coffee–diabetes association: results from the 10-year follow-up of the ATTICA Study (2002–2012). Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:1220-5. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Alkerwi A, Sauvageot N, Crichton GE, Elias MF. Tea, but not coffee consumption, is associated with components of arterial pressure. The Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors study in Luxembourg. Nutr Res 2015; 35:557-65. [PMID: 26037903 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There is uncertainty regarding the impact of tea and coffee consumption on arterial blood pressure. The present study aimed to examine the association between blood pressure (BP) components, namely, systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure (PP), and tea or coffee consumption, taking into account simultaneous consumption. The study population was derived from a national cross-sectional stratified sample of 1352 individuals aged 18 to 69 years, recruited between November 2007 and January 2009 to participate in the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg study. We hypothesized that greater tea consumption would be independently associated with lower BP. Tea and coffee consumptions in deciliters per day were obtained from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Participants were classified into 3 groups: nonconsumers, ≤3-dL/d consumers, and >3-dL/d consumers of each beverage separately. After exclusion of subjects taking antihypertensive medications, several general linear models were performed to investigate the independent relationship between tea/coffee consumption and BP components. Tea consumers (36.3%) were more likely to be younger women, nonsmokers, with better cardiometabolic profiles, and less frequent chronic pathologies, whereas the reverse was true for coffee consumers (88%). Greater tea consumption was associated with lower SBP and PP values, after adjustment for age, sex, education, lifestyle, and dietary confounding factors, including coffee drinking. No association between BP components and coffee consumption was observed. Daily consumption of 1 dL of tea was associated with a significant reduction of SBP by 0.6 mm Hg and PP by 0.5 mm Hg. Given the widespread consumption of tea and coffee throughout the world, together with the major cardiovascular disease risk, our findings have important implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a Alkerwi
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (L.I.H.) (formerly CRP-Santé), Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
| | - Nicolas Sauvageot
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (L.I.H.) (formerly CRP-Santé), Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Georgina E Crichton
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (L.I.H.) (formerly CRP-Santé), Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Merrill F Elias
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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Iglesias I, Albasanz JL, Martín M. Effect of Caffeine Chronically Consumed During Pregnancy on Adenosine A 1 and A 2A Receptors Signaling in Both Maternal and Fetal Heart from Wistar Rats. JOURNAL OF CAFFEINE RESEARCH 2014; 4:115-126. [PMID: 25538864 DOI: 10.1089/jcr.2014.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world, even during pregnancy. Its stimulatory effects are mainly due to antagonism of adenosine actions by blocking adenosine A1 and A2A receptors. Previous studies have shown that caffeine can cross the placenta and therefore modulate these receptors not only in the fetal brain but also in the heart. Methods: In the present work, the effect of caffeine chronically consumed during pregnancy on A1 and A2A receptors in Wistar rat heart, from both mothers and their fetuses, were studied using radioligand binding, Western-blotting, and adenylyl cyclase activity assays, as well as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: Caffeine did not significantly alter A1R neither at protein nor at gene expression level in both the maternal and fetal heart. On the contrary, A2AR significantly decreased in the maternal heart, although mRNA was not affected. Gi and Gs proteins were also preserved. Finally, A1R-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity did not change in the maternal heart, but A2AR mediated stimulation of this enzymatic activity significantly decreased according to the detected loss of this receptor. Conclusions: Opposite to the downregulation and desensitization of the A1R/AC pathway previously reported in the brain, these results show that this pathway is not affected in rat heart after caffeine exposure during pregnancy. In addition, A2AR is downregulated and desensitized in the maternal heart, suggesting a differential modulation of these receptor-mediated pathways by caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Iglesias
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Albasanz
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Ciudad Real, Spain . ; Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad Real; Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Mairena Martín
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Ciudad Real, Spain . ; Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad Real; Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Ciudad Real, Spain
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Consumption of coffee, not green tea, is inversely associated with arterial stiffness in Japanese men. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:1109-14. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Lithander FE, Herlihy LK, Walsh DM, Burke E, Crowley V, Mahmud A. Postprandial effect of dietary fat quantity and quality on arterial stiffness and wave reflection: a randomised controlled trial. Nutr J 2013; 12:93. [PMID: 23841960 PMCID: PMC3717051 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is a component of vascular function and an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. There is a lack of conclusive evidence on the effect of a meal rich in monounsaturated fat (MUFA) compared with an isoenergetic meal rich in saturated fat (SFA) on postprandial vascular function and specifically on arterial stiffness. Methods Twenty healthy, non-smoking males (BMI 24 ± 2 kg/m2; age 37.7 ± 14.4 y) participated in this single-blind, randomised, cross-over dietary intervention study. Each subject was randomised to receive a high-fat test-meal (3 MJ; 56 ± 2 g fat) at breakfast on 2 separate occasions, one rich in oleic acid (MUFA-meal) and one rich in palmitic acid (SFA-meal), and the meals were isoenergetic. Blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness (PWV) and arterial wave reflection (augmentation index, AIx) were measured using applanation tonometry at baseline and every 30 minutes up to 4 hours after the ingestion of the test-meals. Results All subjects completed both arms of the dietary intervention. There was no significant difference in BP parameters, PWV or AIx at baseline between the two treatments (P > 0.05). There was a significant increase in brachial and aortic BP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate and PVW (time, P < 0.05) over the four hours after consumption of the fat-rich test-meal although the increase in PWV was no longer significant when adjusted for the increase in MAP. There was no difference in PWV between the two treatments (treatment*time, P > 0.05). There was a significant reduction in AIx (time, P < 0.05) over the four hour postprandial period although this was no longer significant when adjusted for the increase in heart rate and MAP (time, P > 0.05). There was no difference in AIx between the two treatments (treatment*time, P > 0.05). However, the reduction in heart rate corrected augmentation index (AIx75) was significant when corrected for the increase in MAP (time, P < 0.01) with no differential effect of the treatments (treatment*time, P > 0.05). Conclusions This study has demonstrated a BP dependent increase in PWV and a decrease in arterial wave reflection in the four hour period in response to a high-fat meal. There was no evidence however that replacement of some of the SFA with MUFA had a differential effect on these parameters. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the effects of the substitution of SFA with MUFA on non-serum, new and emerging risk factors for CVD such as arterial stiffness.
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Ormsbee MJ, Thomas DD, Mandler WK, Ward EG, Kinsey AW, Panton LB, Scheett TP, Hooshmand S, Simonavice E, Kim JS. The effects of pre- and post-exercise consumption of multi-ingredient performance supplements on cardiovascular health and body fat in trained men after six weeks of resistance training: a stratified, randomized, double-blind study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2013; 10:39. [PMID: 23680036 PMCID: PMC3662597 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic health benefits or risks associated with consumption of multi-ingredient performance supplements (MIPS) in conjunction with periodized resistance training (RT) in resistance-trained men are unknown. This population is a major target audience for performance supplements, and therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effect of RT and commercially available pre- and post-exercise performance supplements on CV health and body fat in resistance-trained men. Methods Twenty-four resistance-trained men completed six weeks (three times/week) of periodized RT while either ingesting SHOT 15-min pre-exercise and SYN immediately post-exercise (multi-ingredient performance supplement group: MIPS) or an isocaloric maltodextrin placebo 15-min pre-exercise and immediately post-exercise (Placebo group). Before and after six weeks of RT and supplementation, resting heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), total body fat, android fat, gynoid fat, fat-free mass (FFM) and fasting blood measures of glucose, lipids, nitrate/nitrite (NOx), cortisol and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. Statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way ANOVA for baseline differences and a 2 × 2 (group × time) repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests where appropriate. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results There was no group × time interaction for HR, BP, blood glucose, lipids, NOx, hs-CRP, cortisol concentrations or body fat. However, there was a time effect where significant decreases in body fat (mean ± SD; MIPS: -1.2 ± 1.2%; Placebo: -0.9 ± 1.1%), android fat (MIPS: -1.8 ± 2.1%; Placebo: -1.6 ± 2.0%), and gynoid fat (MIPS: -1.3 ± 1.6%; Placebo: -1.0 ± 1.4%) for both groups were observed. FFM increased in both groups, and a group × time interaction was observed with MIPS increasing significantly more than the Placebo group (4.2% vs. 1.9%). Conclusions Six weeks of MIPS ingestion and periodized RT does not alter CV health parameters or blood indices of health or body fat more than a Placebo treatment in healthy, resistance-trained men. However, MIPS significantly increased FFM more than Placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Ormsbee
- Dept, of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, 120 Convocation Way, 430 Sandels Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
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Siasos G, Oikonomou E, Chrysohoou C, Tousoulis D, Panagiotakos D, Zaromitidou M, Zisimos K, Kokkou E, Marinos G, Papavassiliou AG, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Consumption of a boiled Greek type of coffee is associated with improved endothelial function: The Ikaria Study. Vasc Med 2013; 18:55-62. [DOI: 10.1177/1358863x13480258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The association of coffee consumption with cardiovascular disease remains controversial. Endothelial function is associated with cardiovascular risk. We examined the association between chronic coffee consumption and endothelium function in elderly inhabitants of the island of Ikaria. Methods: The analysis was conducted on 142 elderly subjects (aged 66–91 years) of the Ikaria Study. Endothelial function was evaluated by ultrasound measurement of flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Coffee consumption was evaluated based on a food frequency questionnaire and was categorized as ‘low’ (< 200 ml/day), ‘moderate’ (200–450 ml/day), or ‘high’ (> 450 ml/day). Results: From the subjects included in the study, 87% consumed a boiled Greek type of coffee. Moreover, 40% had a ‘low’, 48% a ‘moderate’ and 13% a ‘high’ daily coffee consumption. There was a linear increase in FMD according to coffee consumption (‘low’: 4.33 ± 2.51% vs ‘moderate’: 5.39 ± 3.09% vs ‘high’: 6.47 ± 2.72%; p = 0.032). Moreover, subjects consuming mainly a boiled Greek type of coffee had a significantly higher FMD compared with those consuming other types of coffee beverages ( p = 0.035). Conclusions: Chronic coffee consumption is associated with improved endothelial function in elderly subjects, providing a new connection between nutrition and vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Zaromitidou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Zisimos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Kokkou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Marinos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos Pitsavos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christodoulos Stefanadis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, ‘Hippokration’ Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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How can diet influence the risk of stroke? Int J Hypertens 2012; 2012:763507. [PMID: 22693656 PMCID: PMC3369476 DOI: 10.1155/2012/763507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases are the second cause of mortality in the world, and hypertension is considered a main risk factor for occurrence of stroke. The mechanisms responsible for the increased stroke risk remain unclear. However, dietary interventions have been applied in the management and treatment of their risk factors, which include increased blood pressure levels, obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Further studies should be conducted to assess the effects of carotenoids, flavonoids, n-3 polyunsaturated fats, and lower salt and high glycemic index intake in risk of stroke.
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McMullen MK, Whitehouse JM, Shine G, Whitton PA, Towell A. Caffeine in hot drinks elicits cephalic phase responses involving cardiac activity. Food Funct 2012; 3:931-40. [PMID: 22614720 DOI: 10.1039/c2fo00002d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine stimulates both oropharyngeal and gut bitter taste receptors (hTAS2Rs) and so has the potential to elicit reflex autonomic responses. Coffee containing 130 mg caffeine has been reported to increase heart rate for 30 min post-ingestion. Whereas added-caffeine, in doses of 25 to 200 mg, ingested with decaffeinated coffee/tea decreases heart rate 10 to 30 min post-ingestion. This study aimed to clarify caffeine's chemosensory impact. Double-espresso coffees were compared to a placebo-control capsule in a double-blind between-measures design. Coffees tested were regular coffee (130 mg caffeine) and decaffeinated coffee with added-caffeine (0, 67 and 134 mg). Cardiovascular measures from three post-ingestion phases: 1) 0 to 5; 2) 10 to 15; and 3) 25 to 30 min; were compared to pre-ingestion measures. Participants comprised 11 women in the control group and 10 women in the test group. Decaffeinated coffee elicited no changes. Decaffeinated coffee with 67 mg caffeine: decreased dp/dt in Phase 1. Decaffeinated coffee with 134 mg caffeine: increased heart rate in Phases 1 and 2; decreased spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity in Phase 1; and increased diastolic pressure in Phases 2 and 3. Regular coffee: increased heart rate in Phases 1 and 2; decreased dp/dt in all phases; and decreased systolic pressure in Phase 1. Caffeine is the substance in regular coffee which elicits chemosensory autonomic reflex responses, which involves heart activity and the baroreflex. Compared to the caffeine in regular coffee, added-caffeine elicits somewhat different chemosensory responses including a more pronounced pressor effect and resetting of the baroreflex. Caffeine in commonly consumed amounts, as well as modulating body processes by blocking adenosine receptors, can elicit reflex autonomic responses during the ingestion of caffeinated drinks. It is plausible that caffeine stimulates hTAS2Rs, during the ingestion of coffee, eliciting cephalic phase responses. These cephalic phase responses likely result from vagal withdrawal and it is uncertain whether they enhance digestion or not.
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Joukar S, Bashiri H, Dabiri S, Ghotbi P, Sarveazad A, Divsalar K, Joukar F, Abbaszadeh M. Cardiovascular effects of black tea and nicotine alone or in combination against experimental induced heart injury. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:271-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Shechter M, Shalmon G, Scheinowitz M, Koren-Morag N, Feinberg MS, Harats D, Sela BA, Sharabi Y, Chouraqui P. Impact of acute caffeine ingestion on endothelial function in subjects with and without coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2011; 107:1255-61. [PMID: 21349479 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although coffee is a widely used, pharmacologically active beverage, its impact on the cardiovascular system is controversial. To explore the effect of acute caffeine ingestion on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in subjects without coronary artery disease (CAD; controls) and patients with CAD, we prospectively assessed brachial artery FMD in 40 controls and 40 age- and gender-matched patients with documented stable CAD on 2 separate mornings 1 week to 2 weeks apart. After overnight fasting, discontinuation of all medications for ≥12 hours, and absence of caffeine for >48 hours, participants received capsules with caffeine 200 mg or placebo. One hour after drug ingestion, participants underwent brachial artery FMD and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NTG) using high-resolution ultrasound. As expected, patients with CAD were more often diabetic, hypertensive, obese, dyslipidemic, and smoked more than controls (p <0.01 for all comparisons). Aspirin, Clopidogrel, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β blockers, and statins were significantly more common in patients with CAD than in controls (p <0.01 for all comparisons). At baseline, FMD, but not NTG, was significantly lower in patients with CAD compared to controls. Acute caffeine ingestion significantly increased FMD (patients with CAD 5.6 ± 5.0% vs 14.6 ± 5.0%, controls 8.4 ± 2.9% vs 18.6 ± 6.8%, p <0.001 for all comparisons) but not NTG (patients with CAD 13.0 ± 5.2% vs 13.8 ± 6.1%, controls 12.9 ± 3.9% vs 13.9 ± 5.8%, p = NS for all comparisons) and significantly decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (patients with CAD 2.6 ± 1.4 vs 1.4 ± 1.2 mg/L, controls 3.4 ± 3.0 vs 1.2 ± 1.0 mg/L, p <0.001 for all comparisons) in the 2 groups compared to placebo. In conclusion, acute caffeine ingestion significantly improved endothelial function assessed by brachial artery FMD in subjects with and without CAD and was associated with lower plasma markers of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shechter
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
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Nilsson LM, Wennberg M, Lindahl B, Eliasson M, Jansson JH, Van Guelpen B. Consumption of filtered and boiled coffee and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction; a nested case/referent study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:527-535. [PMID: 19695858 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In northern Sweden, consumption of both filtered and boiled coffee is common. Boiled coffee, especially popular in rural areas, is known to raise blood lipids, a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (MI). To our knowledge, only one epidemiological study, a case-control study from Sweden, has investigated boiled coffee in MI, noting an increased risk at high consumption levels in men, and no association in women. The aim of the present nested case-referent study was to relate consumption of filtered and boiled coffee to the risk of first MI. METHODS AND RESULTS The study subjects were 375 cases (303 men, 72 women) and 1293 matched referents from the population-based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Coffee consumption was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Risk estimates were calculated by conditional logistic regression. A statistically significant positive association was found between consumption of filtered coffee and MI risk in men [odds ratio for consumption > or = 4 times/day versus < or = 1 time/day 1.73 (95% CI 1.05-2.84)]. In women, a similar association was observed, but for boiled coffee [odds ratio 2.51 (95% CI 1.08-5.86)]. After adjustment for current smoking, postsecondary education, hypertension, and sedentary lifestyle, the results for women were no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSION Consumption of filtered coffee was positively associated with the risk of a first MI in men. A similar tendency was observed for boiled coffee in women, but the result was not statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Further investigation in a larger study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Nilsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
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Significance of Central Aortic Stiffness in Cardiovascular Disease. Am J Ther 2009; 16:e60-7. [DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0b013e3181727dfc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Buscemi S, Verga S, Batsis JA, Tranchina MR, Belmonte S, Mattina A, Re A, Rizzo R, Cerasola G. Dose-dependent effects of decaffeinated coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63:1200-5. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Improvement of aortic reflection wave responses 6 months after stopping smoking: a prospective study. Blood Press Monit 2009; 14:69-75. [DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0b013e32832941ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Riksen NP, Rongen GA, Smits P. Acute and long-term cardiovascular effects of coffee: Implications for coronary heart disease. Pharmacol Ther 2009; 121:185-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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The acute effect of green tea consumption on endothelial function in healthy individuals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 15:300-5. [DOI: 10.1097/hjr.0b013e3282f4832f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Nichols WW, Denardo SJ, Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM, Cockcroft J, O'Rourke MF. Effects of Arterial Stiffness, Pulse Wave Velocity, and Wave Reflections on the Central Aortic Pressure Waveform. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2008; 10:295-303. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.04746.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hamilton PK, Lockhart CJ, Quinn CE, McVeigh GE. Arterial stiffness: clinical relevance, measurement and treatment. Clin Sci (Lond) 2007; 113:157-70. [PMID: 17623012 DOI: 10.1042/cs20070080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most traditional cardiovascular risk factors alter the structure and/or function of arteries. An assessment of arterial wall integrity could therefore allow accurate prediction of cardiovascular risk in individuals. The term 'arterial stiffness' denotes alterations in the mechanical properties of arteries, and much effort has focused on how best to measure this. Pulse pressure, pulse wave velocity, pulse waveform analysis, localized assessment of blood vessel mechanics and other methods have all been used. We review the methodology underlying each of these measures, and present an evidence-based critique of their relative merits and limitations. An overview is also given of the drug therapies that may prove useful in the treatment of patients with altered arterial mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Hamilton
- Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, Queen's University Belfast, Whitla Medical Building, Belfast, UK.
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Panagiotakos DB, Lionis C, Zeimbekis A, Makri K, Bountziouka V, Economou M, Vlachou I, Micheli M, Tsakountakis N, Metallinos G, Polychronopoulos E. Long-term, moderate coffee consumption is associated with lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus among elderly non-tea drinkers from the Mediterranean Islands (MEDIS Study). Rev Diabet Stud 2007; 4:105-11. [PMID: 17823695 PMCID: PMC2036266 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2007.4.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the association between coffee drinking and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly people from the Mediterranean islands. METHODS During 2005-2007, 500 men and 437 women (aged 65 to 100 years) from the islands of Cyprus (n = 300), Mitilini (n = 142), Samothraki (n = 100), Cephalonia (n = 104), Corfu (n = 160) and Crete (n = 131) participated in the survey. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and obesity), as well as behavioral, lifestyle and dietary characteristics were assessed using face-to-face interviews and standard procedures. Among various factors, fasting blood glucose was measured and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was estimated, according to the established American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, while all participants were asked about the frequency of any type of coffee consumption over the last year. RESULTS Coffee drinking was reported by 84% of the participants, the majority of whom drank boiled coffee. The participants reported that they had consumed coffee for at least 30 years of their life. Data analysis adjusted for various potential confounders, revealed that, compared to non-consumption, the multi-adjusted odds ratio for having diabetes was 0.47 (95%, CI 0.32 to 0.69) for 1-2 cups/day, while it was 1.05 (95%, CI 0.70 to 1.55) for >3 cups/day, after adjusting for various potential confounders. The association of coffee drinking with diabetes was significant only among non-tea drinkers. Increased coffee intake was not associated with diabetes prevalence. CONCLUSION The data presented suggest that moderate coffee drinking is associated with a lower likelihood of having diabetes, after adjusting for various potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Address correspondence to: Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, e-mail:
| | - Christos Lionis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Akis Zeimbekis
- Health Center of Kalloni, General Hospital of Mitilini, Mitilini, Greece
| | - Kornilia Makri
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Mary Economou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Vlachou
- Health Center of Kalloni, General Hospital of Mitilini, Mitilini, Greece
| | - Mary Micheli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Tsakountakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Metallinos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
Coffee seems to have distinct acute and long-term effects on health, which can be modified by genetic background. Coffee consumption is potentially protective against the development of type 2 diabetes, but given the lack of a solid biological basis for this association, and the possible adverse cardiovascular effects of coffee, recommendations for optimal coffee intake are difficult to establish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannia Campos
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Mukamal KJ, Alert M, Maclure M, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. Tea consumption and infarct-related ventricular arrhythmias: the determinants of myocardial infarction onset study. J Am Coll Nutr 2007; 25:472-9. [PMID: 17229893 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea consumption is associated with lower post-infarct mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction. We previously found preliminary evidence that tea consumption may also be associated with lower risk of infarct-related ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS Between 1989 and 1996, 3882 subjects with AMI were enrolled in the two phases of the Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study a median of four days after admission. Trained interviewers assessed self-reported usual tea and coffee consumption during the year prior to infarction with a standardized questionnaire. We examined the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias in the two phases of the study separately and together. RESULTS Among the 1912 patients with complete information in the first phase, the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias was 16% among abstainers from tea, 11% among moderate tea drinkers (<14 cups per week), and 14% among heavier tea drinkers (> or =14 cups per week) (p homogeneity = 0.03). Among the 1791 patients with comparable information in the second phase, the corresponding prevalence rates were 11%, 8%, and 8%, respectively (p = 0.06). When the phases were combined, the adjusted odds ratios for VA were 0.7 (95% confidence interval, 0.6-0.9) among moderate tea drinkers and 0.9 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.2) among heavier tea drinkers. The findings were of similar direction for both ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. In contrast, there was higher risk of VA with increasing coffee intake (odds ratio for >14 cups per week 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.7; p trend 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Moderate tea intake is associated with a lower prevalence, and higher coffee intake with a slightly higher prevalence, of ventricular arrhythmias among patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. If the association with tea intake is confirmed, it may suggest new approaches to prevention of ischemia-related arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Mukamal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of General Medicine and Primary Care Research Program, Brookline, MA 02446, USA.
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Uiterwaal CSPM, Verschuren WMM, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Ocké M, Geleijnse JM, Boshuizen HC, Peeters PHM, Feskens EJM, Grobbee DE. Coffee intake and incidence of hypertension. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85:718-23. [PMID: 17344492 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.3.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term longitudinal evidence for a relation between coffee intake and hypertension is relatively scarce. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess whether coffee intake is associated with the incidence of hypertension. DESIGN This study was conducted on a cohort of 2985 men and 3383 women who had a baseline visit and follow-up visits after 6 and 11 y. Baseline coffee intake was ascertained with questionnaires and categorized into 0, >0-3, >3-6, and >6 cups/d. Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) >or=140 mm Hg over both follow-up measurements, a mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >or=90 mm Hg over both follow-up measurements, or the use of antihypertensive medication at any follow-up measurement. RESULTS Coffee abstainers at baseline had a lower risk of hypertension than did those with a coffee intake of >0-3 cups/d [odds ratio (OR): 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.92]. Women who drank >6 cups/d had a lower risk than did women who drank >0-3 cups/d (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.98). Subjects aged >or=39 y at baseline had 0.35 mm Hg (95% CI: -0.59, -0.11 mm Hg) lower SBP per cup intake/d and 0.11 mm Hg lower DBP (95% CI: -0.26, 0.03 mm Hg) than did those aged <39 y at baseline, although the difference in DBP was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Coffee abstinence is associated with a lower hypertension risk than is low coffee consumption. An inverse U-shaped relation between coffee intake and risk of hypertension was observed in the women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuno S P M Uiterwaal
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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Palatini P, Dorigatti F, Santonastaso M, Cozzio S, Biasion T, Garavelli G, Pessina AC, Mos L. Association between coffee consumption and risk of hypertension. Ann Med 2007; 39:545-53. [PMID: 17968701 DOI: 10.1080/07853890701491018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The longitudinal relationship between coffee use and hypertension is not well known. Aim. We did a prospective study to investigate if there is a temporal relationship between coffee consumption and development of sustained hypertension. METHOD We assessed 1107 white subjects with elevated blood pressure who were followed up for 6.4 years. Coffee intake and other life-style factors were ascertained from regularly administered questionnaires. Incident physician-diagnosed hypertension was the outcome measure. RESULTS During the follow-up, 561 subjects developed sustained hypertension, whereas 546 subjects did not meet the criteria for treatment. Coffee drinkers developed sustained hypertension more frequently than abstainers (53.1% versus 43.9%, P = 0.007). The incidence of hypertension did not differ between moderate and heavy coffee drinkers. Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed that sustained hypertension was developed more frequently by coffee drinkers compared with nondrinkers (P<0.001). The adjusted relative risk of hypertension was greater in both categories of coffee drinking than in abstainers (hazard ratio, 95% confidence limit (CL) = 1.24, 1.06-1.44). The risk of hypertension associated with coffee drinking increased gradually with increasing level of alcohol use (adjusted P for interaction = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS In subjects screened for stage 1 hypertension a nonlinear association was found between coffee consumption and development of sustained hypertension.
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Vlachopoulos C, Alexopoulos N, Stefanadis C. Lifestyle modification and arterial stiffness and wave reflections: A more natural way to prolong arterial health. Artery Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-9312(07)70003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Vlachopoulos CV, Vyssoulis GG, Alexopoulos NA, Zervoudaki AI, Pietri PG, Aznaouridis KA, Stefanadis CI. Effect of chronic coffee consumption on aortic stiffness and wave reflections in hypertensive patients. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 61:796-802. [PMID: 17164828 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aortic stiffness and wave reflections are important markers and prognosticators of cardiovascular risk. Caffeine increases acutely aortic stiffness and wave reflections. Furthermore, chronic coffee consumption is associated with increased aortic stiffness and wave reflections in normotensive subjects. In the present study, we aimed to assess the association between chronic coffee consumption, and aortic stiffness and wave reflections in hypertensive patients. DESIGN Epidemiological survey. SETTING Hypertension Unit, University Hospital. SUBJECTS-METHODS: We examined 259 never-treated hypertensives (age 50+/-12 years, 165 males) without diabetes mellitus, who were asked to describe in detail the type and amount of coffee they consumed. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx) were measured non-invasively as indices of aortic stiffness and wave reflections, respectively. RESULTS When controlled for gender, age, height, smoking status, heart rate, mean pressure, HDL cholesterol and hsCRP, AIx was found to be higher with increasing daily coffee consumption. Post hoc analysis revealed that all groups of coffee consumption had higher AIx compared to no-consumption. PWV did not differ among groups of daily coffee consumption. Each participant had 35% higher relative risk of having high AIx for each cup (150 ml) of coffee per day, and 40% higher relative risk for each 10 cup-years. CONCLUSIONS Coffee consumption is associated with increased wave reflections, but not aortic stiffness in never-treated hypertensive patients. This finding may have important clinical implications for cardiovascular health in hypertensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Vlachopoulos
- Hypertension Unit, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Lopez-Garcia E, van Dam RM, Qi L, Hu FB. Coffee consumption and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in healthy and diabetic women. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84:888-93. [PMID: 17023717 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/84.4.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In several short-term studies, coffee consumption has been associated with impairment of endothelial function. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the relation between long-term caffeinated and decaffeinated filtered coffee consumption and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study of 730 healthy women and 663 women with type 2 diabetes from the Nurses' Health Study I cohort, who were aged 43-70 y and free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at the time blood was drawn (1989-1990). Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire in 1986 and 1990. RESULTS About 77% of the healthy women consumed > or =1 cup (237 mL) caffeinated coffee/mo and 75% consumed > or =1 cup decaffeinated coffee/mo; the corresponding intakes for women with type 2 diabetes were 74% and 63%, respectively. In healthy women, no appreciable differences in plasma concentrations of the markers were found across categories of caffeinated coffee intake. In women with type 2 diabetes, higher caffeinated coffee consumption was associated with lower plasma concentrations of E-selectin (adjusted percentage change per 1 cup/d increment = -3.2%; P = 0.05) and C-reactive protein (adjusted percentage change = -10.2%; P < 0.001). Higher decaffeinated coffee consumption was associated with lower plasma concentrations of E-selectin (adjusted percentage change = -2.5%; P = 0.08) and C-reactive protein (adjusted percentage change = -7.9%; P = 0.02) only in healthy women. The results were similar when we also adjusted the models for other dietary factors and blood lipids and when we excluded participants with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that neither caffeinated nor decaffeinated filtered coffee has a detrimental effect on endothelial function. In contrast, the results suggest that coffee consumption is inversely associated with markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Lopez-Garcia
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hamer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Vlachopoulos C, Alexopoulos N, Dima I, Aznaouridis K, Andreadou I, Stefanadis C. Acute Effect of Black and Green Tea on Aortic Stiffness and Wave Reflections. J Am Coll Nutr 2006; 25:216-23. [PMID: 16766780 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While most studies have shown an inverse relation between tea consumption and cardiovascular risk, other studies have shown opposite results. Aortic stiffness and wave reflections are markers of cardiovascular disease and prognosticators of cardiovascular risk. METHODS The acute effect of black and green tea on aortic stiffness and wave reflections was assessed in 29 healthy volunteers in a randomized, single-blind, sham-procedure controlled, cross-over design. In the black tea sub-study, 16 subjects received 6 gm of tea, caffeine (175 mg), or hot water in 3 different sessions. In the green tea sub-study, 13 subjects received 6 gm of tea, caffeine (125 mg), or hot water. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and wave reflection indices were measured at baseline and for 3 hours after consumption. RESULTS Black tea increased pulse wave velocity during the first 90 min (increase by 0.49 m/sec, P < 0.05), showing a rapid return towards baseline values thereafter (P = 0.07 for the whole study period); in contrast, green tea had no effect. Both black and green tea increased augmentation index (by 5.0% and by 6.6%, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) throughout the study. These changes were less than the respective changes produced by caffeine. Both black and green tea had a significant pressor effect. No change in oxidant status was found with both types of tea. CONCLUSIONS Both black and green tea increases acutely wave reflections and only black tea increases aortic stiffness. Tea flavonoids may play a role in the attenuation of the effects of caffeine contained in tea.
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Vlachopoulos C, Alexopoulos N, Stefanadis C. Effect of dark chocolate on arterial function in healthy individuals: Cocoa instead of ambrosia? Curr Hypertens Rep 2006; 8:205-11. [PMID: 17147918 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-006-0052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cocoa has been consumed for at least 2500 years, and for long time it has been regarded as a medicine. Arterial function is of paramount importance for the proper function and integrity of the cardiovascular system. Dark chocolate and flavonoid-rich cocoa have beneficial acute and short-term effects on endothelial function and wave reflections in normal individuals, in adults with cardiovascular risk factors, and in patients with coronary artery disease. Furthermore, dark chocolate and flavonoid-rich cocoa may have a blood pressure-lowering effect. These effects can be attributed to flavonoids and are mainly mediated through increased nitric oxide bioavailability. Further research is needed to demonstrate whether these effects of chocolate on arterial function are translated into clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Vlachopoulos
- Hypertension Unit and Peripheral Vessels Unit, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital 17, Kerassoundos Str., Athens 11528, Greece.
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