1
|
Kurhaluk N. Palm oil as part of a high-fat diet: advances and challenges, or possible risks of pathology? Nutr Rev 2024:nuae038. [PMID: 38699959 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutritional status disorders have the most significant impact on the development of cardiovascular and oncologic diseases; therefore, the interest in the study of palm oil as among the leading components of nutrition has been increasing. The data examined in this review were sourced from the Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed and PubMed Central, MEDLINE, CAPlus/SciFinder, and Embase databases; experts in the field; bibliographies; and abstracts from review analyses from the past 15 years. This review summarizes recent research data focusing on the quantitative and qualitative composition of nutrition of modern humans; concepts of the relationship between high-fat diets and disorders of insulin functioning and transport and metabolism of fatty acids; analyses of data regarding the palmitic acid (16:0) to oleic acid (18:1) ratio; and the effect of diet based on palm oil consumption on cardiovascular risk factors and lipid and lipoprotein levels. Several studies suggest a potential vector contributing to the transmission of maternal, high-fat-diet-induced, addictive-like behaviors and obesogenic phenotypes across generations. The relationship between cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes that may lead to lysosome dysfunction and inhibition of the autophagy process is analyzed, as is the progression of inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic liver inflammation, and obesity with associated complications. Data are discussed from analyses of differences between rodent models and human population studies in the investigated different effects of palm oil consumption as a high-fat diet component. A conclusion is reached that the results cannot be generalized in human population studies because no similar effects were observed. Although there are numerous published reports, more studies are necessary to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanisms in digestive and nutrition processes, because there are great differences in lipoprotein profiles between rodents and humans, which makes it difficult to reproduce the pathology of many diseases caused by different types of the high-fat diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reveals of candidate active ingredients in Justicia and its anti-thrombotic action of mechanism based on network pharmacology approach and experimental validation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17187. [PMID: 34433871 PMCID: PMC8387432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombotic diseases seriously threaten human life. Justicia, as a common Chinese medicine, is usually used for anti-inflammatory treatment, and further studies have found that it has an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. Therefore, it can be inferred that Justicia can be used as a therapeutic drug for thrombosis. This work aims to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of the anti-thrombotic effect of Justicia through network pharmacology combined with wet experimental verification. During the analysis, 461 compound targets were predicted from various databases and 881 thrombus-related targets were collected. Then, herb-compound-target network and protein-protein interaction network of disease and prediction targets were constructed and cluster analysis was applied to further explore the connection between the targets. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway (KEGG) enrichment were used to further determine the association between target proteins and diseases. Finally, the expression of hub target proteins of the core component and the anti-thrombotic effect of Justicia's core compounds were verified by experiments. In conclusion, the core bioactive components, especially justicidin D, can reduce thrombosis by regulating F2, MMP9, CXCL12, MET, RAC1, PDE5A, and ABCB1. The combination of network pharmacology and the experimental research strategies proposed in this paper provides a comprehensive method for systematically exploring the therapeutic mechanism of multi-component medicine.
Collapse
|
3
|
Teixeira BC, Krüger RL, Farinha JB, Boeno FP, Macedo RCO, Fonseca GA, Bandinelli E, Duarte MMMF, Reischak-Oliveira A. Aerobic exercise improves postprandial inflammatory and hemostatic markers after a high-fat meal: a randomized crossover study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:637-643. [PMID: 33320779 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Exercise intensity modulates postprandial lipemia. However, its effect on hemostatic and pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in the postprandial state is still unknown. Eleven young males performed a 2-day trial on different conditions: (i) REST: rest for 45 min; (ii) MIE: moderate-intensity exercise; and (iii) HIE: heavy-intensity exercise. Experimental conditions were performed in the evening. On the following morning, blood samples were taken in the fasted state (0 h) and at 1, 3, and 5 h after the consumption of a high-fat meal (HFM). Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were higher in the HIE vs. MIE trial at 0 and 1 h (p < 0.033) and IL-10 incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was greater in the MIE (p = 0.027) and HIE (p = 0.045) trials vs. REST. Lower levels of anti-coagulation factor VII (FVII) were observed at 1 h in the MIE condition vs. REST (p = 0.043). In comparison with REST, MIE improved hemostatic (FVII) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10 iAUC) whereas HIE enhanced IL-10 in the postprandial state. Regardless of the exercise intensity, aerobic exercise mitigates the deleterious consequences of an HFM. Novelty: Prior aerobic exercise at moderate-intensity attenuates next day's postprandial FVII and IL-10 levels whereas exercise performed at heavy-intensity increases IL-10 levels. Moderate-intensity exercise may be more beneficial to improve hemostatic (FVII) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) responses while heavy-intensity exercise may improve anti-inflammatory (IL-10) levels only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Costa Teixeira
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil.,Physical Education School, Regional Integrated University of Alto Uruguay and the Missions (URI), São Luiz Gonzaga, RS 97800-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Lopes Krüger
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil
| | - Franccesco Pinto Boeno
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil.,Physical Education School, Regional Integrated University of Alto Uruguay and the Missions (URI), São Luiz Gonzaga, RS 97800-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cauduro Oliveira Macedo
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil.,University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Alves Fonseca
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil
| | - Eliane Bandinelli
- Institute of Bioscience - Genetics Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | | | - Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira
- Program of Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90690-200, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jovanovski E, de Castro Ruiz Marques A, Li D, Ho HVT, Blanco Mejia S, Sievenpiper JL, Zurbau A, Komishon A, Duvnjak L, Bazotte RB, Vuksan V. Effect of high-carbohydrate or high-monounsaturated fatty acid diets on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:19-31. [PMID: 30165599 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Current dietary guidelines for cardiovascular disease risk management recommend restricting intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs). However, the optimal macronutrient profile, in the context of a low-SFA diet, remains controversial. The blood-pressure effect of replacing SFAs in diets with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) compared with carbohydrate has not been quantified to date. Objective To synthesize the evidence for the effect of substituting a high-carbohydrate (high-CHO) diet for a high-monounsaturated fatty acid (high-MUFA) diet on blood pressure, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in a population without health restrictions was conducted. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials were searched through June 7, 2017. Randomized controlled trials of > 3 weeks duration that assessed the effect of high-MUFA diets in isocaloric substitution for high-CHO diets on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were included. Data Extraction Data were pooled using the generic-inverse variance method with random effects models and expressed as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran Q statistic and quantified by the I2 statistic. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results Fourteen trials (n = 980 participants) were included in the analysis. Comparatively, the high-MUFA diets in isocaloric substitution for high-CHO diets did not demonstrate a greater reduction in blood pressure (SBP: MD, -0.08 mmHg [95%CI, -1.01 to 0.84], P = 0.86; DBP: MD = 0.01 mmHg [95%CI, -0.73 to 0.75], P = 0.98). The overall quality of the evidence was assessed as moderate. Conclusions In the context of low SFAs, high-MUFA diets in isocaloric substitution for high-CHO diets did not affect blood pressure in individuals with and without hypertension. Large-scale trials achieving higher MUFA targets are required to support these findings. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02626325.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jovanovski
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Any de Castro Ruiz Marques
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Dandan Li
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hoang V T Ho
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sonia Blanco Mejia
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andreea Zurbau
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Lea Duvnjak
- University Hospital Merkur, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Roberto B Bazotte
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Vuksan
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lagrange J, Didelot M, Mohamadi A, Walton LA, Bloemen S, de Laat B, Louis H, Thornton SN, Derby B, Sherratt MJ, Fève B, Challande P, Akhtar R, Cruickshank JK, Lacolley P, Regnault V. Implication of Free Fatty Acids in Thrombin Generation and Fibrinolysis in Vascular Inflammation in Zucker Rats and Evolution with Aging. Front Physiol 2017; 8:949. [PMID: 29213245 PMCID: PMC5702631 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and aging are associated with modifications in blood coagulation factors, vascular inflammation, and increased risk of thrombosis. Objectives: Our aim was to determine concomitant changes in thrombin generation in the blood compartment and at the surface of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its interplay with adipokines, free fatty acids (FFA), and metalloproteinases (MMPs) in obese Zucker rats that share features of the human MetS. Methods: Obese and age-matched lean Zucker rats were compared at 25 and 80 weeks of age. Thrombin generation was assessed by calibrated automated thrombography (CAT). Results: Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) was increased in obese rats independent of platelets and age. Clot half-lysis time was delayed with obesity and age. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-13 were increased with obesity and age respectively. Addition of exogenous fibrinogen, leptin, linoleic, or palmitic acid increased thrombin generation in plasma whereas adiponectin had an opposite effect. ETP was increased at the surface of VSMCs from obese rats and addition of exogenous palmitic acid further enhanced ETP values. Gelatinase activity was increased in aorta at both ages in obese rats and MMP-2 activity was increased in VSMCs from obese rats. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated in MetS an early prothrombotic phenotype of the blood compartment reinforced by procoagulant properties of dedifferentiated and inflammatory VSMCs. Mechanisms involved (1) increased fibrinogen and impaired fibrinolysis and (2) increased saturated fatty acids responsible for additive procoagulant effects. Whether specifically targeting this hypercoagulability using direct thrombin inhibitors would improve outcome in MetS is worth investigating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Lagrange
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mélusine Didelot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Amel Mohamadi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Lucy A Walton
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Directorate of Radiography, School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Saartje Bloemen
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Laat
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Huguette Louis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Simon N Thornton
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Brian Derby
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Fève
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France.,Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Endocrinologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Challande
- UPMC, University of Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7190, Paris, France
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Centre for Materials and Structures, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy Cruickshank
- Diabetes & Cardiovascular Medicine, Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Lacolley
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma J, Li X, Wang Y, Yang Z, Luo J. Rivaroxaban attenuates thrombosis by targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway in a rat model of deep venous thrombus. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1869-1880. [PMID: 29039441 PMCID: PMC5716436 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticoagulant therapy is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of patients with deep venous thrombus. Evidence has shown that rivaroxaban is a potential oral anticoagulant drug for the acute treatment of venous thromboembolism. However, the rivaroxaban-mediated molecular mechanism involved in the progression of deep venous thrombosis has not been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of rivaroxaban and the underlying signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of rats with deep venous thrombosis. A rat model with deep vein thrombus formation was established and received treatment with rivaroxaban or PBS as control. The thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. The progression of thrombosis and stroke was evaluated after treatment with rivaroxaban or PBS. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in venous endothelial cells and in the rat model of deep venous thrombus was assessed. The therapeutic effects of rivaroxaban were evaluated as determined by changes in deep venous thrombosis in the rat model. Our results showed that rivaroxaban markedly inhibited TAFI and PAI-1 expression levels, neutrophils, tissue factor, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), myeloperoxidase and macrophages in venous endothelial cells and in the rat model of deep venous thrombus. Expression levels of ADP, PAIs, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and thromboxane were downregulated in vein endothelial cells and in serum from the experimental rats. Importantly, the incidences of inferior vena cava filter thrombus were protected by rivaroxaban during heparin-induced thrombolysis deep venous thrombosis in the rat model. We observed that activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited by rivaroxaban in vein endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, immunohistology indicated that rivaroxaban attenuated deep venous thrombosis and the accumulation of inflammatory factors in the lesions in venous thrombus. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity were downregulated in rivaroxaban-treated rats with deep venous thrombus. Rivaroxaban inhibited the elasticity of the extracellular matrix and collagen-elastin fibers. On the whole, these results indicate that rivaroxaban attenuates deep venous thrombus through MMP-9-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Ma
- Department of Blood Vessels of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Xinxi Li
- Department of Blood Vessels of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Blood Vessels of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Blood Vessels of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Blood Vessels of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kabašinskienė A, Liutkevičius A, Sekmokienė D, Zaborskienė G, Šlapkauskaitė J. Evaluation of the Physicochemical Parameters of Functional Whey Beverages. Food Technol Biotechnol 2015; 53:110-115. [PMID: 27904340 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.53.01.15.3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the impact of the key technological parameters on the quality indices of functional beverages produced from whey and enriched with 0.2% of cold-pressed flaxseed oil, rich in ω-3 fatty acids. The amount of fatty acids, peroxide and anisidine values, fatty acidity, sedimentation and sensory parameters of whey beverages were estimated. It was found that the addition of flaxseed oil affected the sensory, physical and chemical properties of the beverages. High quantities of oleic and α-linolenic fatty acids (18.97 and 54.82%, respectively) and negligible amounts of palmitic and myristic acids (4.79 and 0.04%, respectively) were found in the product. On the basis of the obtained results, the beverages from whey enriched with flaxseed oil had a favourable ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. The addition of a stabiliser and the pasteurisation of whey beverages with flaxseed oil did not affect the sensory parameters and the acidity of the products. The highest peroxide value (2.36 meq O2/kg) and acidity (0.34%) were found in the samples with pH=4.0 after 30-day storage at (6±1) °С. A strong negative correlation was estimated between the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids and anisidine value (R=-0.871; p<0.05), peroxide value (R=-0.728; p<0.05) and fatty acidity (R=-0.948; p<0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aistė Kabašinskienė
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Tilzes Str. 18,
LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Liutkevičius
- Kaunas University of Technology, Food Institute, Taikos Av. 92, LT-51180 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Sekmokienė
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Tilzes Str. 18,
LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintarė Zaborskienė
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Tilzes Str. 18,
LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Kaunas University of Technology, Food Institute, Taikos Av. 92, LT-51180 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Šlapkauskaitė
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Tilzes Str. 18,
LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lopez S, Jaramillo S, Varela LM, Ortega A, Bermudez B, Abia R, Muriana FJG. p38 MAPK protects human monocytes from postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-induced toxicity. J Nutr 2013; 143:620-6. [PMID: 23486980 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.174656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Postprandial triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) transport dietary fatty acids through the circulatory system to satisfy the energy and structural needs of the tissues. However, fatty acids are also able to modulate gene expression and/or induce cell death. We investigated the underlying mechanism by which postprandial TRLs of different fatty acid compositions can induce cell death in human monocytes. Three types of dietary fat [refined olive oil (ROO), high-palmitic sunflower oil (HPSO), and butter] with progressively increasing SFA:MUFA ratios (0.18, 0.41, and 2.08, respectively) were used as a source of postprandial TRLs (TRL-ROO, TRL-HPSO, and TRL-BUTTER) from healthy men. The monocytic cell line THP-1 was used as a model for this study. We demonstrated that postprandial TRLs increased intracellular lipid accumulation (31-106%), reactive oxygen species production (268-349%), DNA damage (133-1467%), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (800-1710%) and caspase-3 (696-1244%) activities, and phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) (54 kDa, 141-288%) and p38 (24-92%). These effects were significantly greater with TRL-BUTTER, and TRL-ROO did not induce DNA damage, DNA fragmentation, or p38 phosphorylation. In addition, blockade of p38, but not of JNK, significantly decreased intracellular lipid accumulation and increased cell death in postprandial TRL-treated cells. These results suggest that in human monocytes, p38 is involved in survival signaling pathways that protect against the lipid-mediated cytotoxicity induced by postprandial TRLs that are abundant in saturated fatty acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lopez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, The Spanish National Research Council, Seville, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bermudez B, Lopez S, Varela LM, Ortega A, Pacheco YM, Moreda W, Moreno-Luna R, Abia R, Muriana FJG. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein regulates APOB48 receptor gene expression in human THP-1 monocytes and macrophages. J Nutr 2012; 142:227-32. [PMID: 22190030 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.149963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The postprandial metabolism of dietary fats implies that the production of TG-rich lipoproteins (TRL) contributes to the progression of plaque development. TRL and their remnants cause rapid receptor-mediated monocyte/macrophage lipid engorgement via the cell surface apoB48 receptor (apoB48R). However, the mechanistic basis for apoB48 receptor (APOB48R) regulation by postprandial TRL in monocytes and macrophages is not well established. In this study, we investigated the effects of postprandial TRL from healthy volunteers on the expression of APOB48R mRNA and lipid uptake in human THP-1 monocytes and THP-1-derived macrophages. The expression of APOB48R mRNA was upregulated in THP-1 monocytes, but downregulated in THP-1-derived macrophages when treated with postprandial TRL (P < 0.05), in a dose- and time-dependent manner. TG and free cholesterol were dramatically increased in THP-1-derived macrophages (140 and 50%, respectively; P < 0.05) and in THP-1 monocytes (160 and 95%, respectively; P < 0.05). This lipid accumulation was severely decreased (~50%; P < 0.05) in THP-1-derived macrophages by small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting of APOB48R. Using PPAR and retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists, antagonists, and siRNA, our data indicate that PPARα, PPARγ, and RXRα are involved in postprandial TRL-induced APOB48R transcriptional regulation. Co-incubation with acyl-CoA synthetase or acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitors potentiated the effects of postprandial TRL on the expression of APOB48R mRNA in THP-1 monocytes and THP-1-derived macrophages. Our findings collectively suggest that APOB48R represents a molecular target of postprandial TRL via PPAR-dependent pathways in human THP-1 monocytes and macrophages and advance a potentially important link between postprandial metabolism of dietary fats and atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bermudez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miranda-Vilela AL, Lordelo GS, Akimoto AK, Alves PCZ, Pereira LCDS, Klautau-Guimarães MDN, Grisolia CK. Genetic polymorphisms influence runners' responses to the dietary ingestion of antioxidant supplementation based on pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.): a before-after study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 6:369-95. [PMID: 21484158 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Genes have been implicated in the levels of oxidative stress, lipids, CVD risk, immune reactivity, and performance. Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense) has shown anti-inflammatory and hypotensive effects, besides reducing exercise-induced DNA, tissue damages, and anisocytosis. Given that diet can interact with the human genome to influence health and disease, and because genetic variability can influence response to diet, we aim to investigate the influence of 12 gene polymorphisms on inflammatory markers, postprandial lipids, arterial pressure, and plasma lipid peroxidation of runners (N = 125), before and after 14 days of 400 mg pequi-oil supplementation, after races under closely comparable conditions. Arterial pressure was checked before races; blood samples were taken immediately after racing to perform leukogram and plateletgram, Tbars assay, lipid, and CRP dosages and genotyping. CAT, GST-M1/T1, CRP-G1059C, and MTHFR-C677T polymorphisms influenced post-pequi-oil responses in leukogram; Hp and MTHFR-C677T, in plateletgram; Hp, ACE, GSTT1, and MTHFR-A1298C, in lipid profile; MTHFR-A1298C, in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels; and Hp and MnSOD, in Tbars assay. Differences between ACE genotypes in leukogram and total cholesterol disappeared after pequi, and the same occurred for Hp and MnSOD in Tbars assay and for MTHFR-A1298C with CRP levels. Because genetic inheritance is one of the factors that drive atherosclerosis-related lipid abnormalities, results can contribute to a greater understanding of the influence of genetic polymorphisms in situations that push up free radicals. Knowledge is also expanded on how antioxidant supplementation affects an individual's genes and how athletic genetic makeup can affect the way a person responds to antioxidant supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Miranda-Vilela
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Montegaard C, Tulk HMF, Lauritzen L, Tholstrup T, Robinson LE. Acute ingestion of long-chain (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases fibrinolysis in men with metabolic syndrome. J Nutr 2010; 140:38-43. [PMID: 19889809 DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) often have elevated plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. PAI-1 and t-PA may be affected by chronic (n-3) long-chain PUFA [(n-3)LCPUFA] supplementation; however, the acute impact of fat ingestion on these risk factors has not been established. Our objective was to investigate the acute effect of (n-3)LCPUFA on plasma PAI-1, t-PA, and platelet aggregation. We conducted a randomized crossover study in which men (n = 8, > or =45 y) with MetS consumed water or a high-saturated fat beverage (1 g fat/kg body weight) with either a high or low content of (n-3)LCPUFA. Blood samples were collected over 8 h to measure triacylglycerol (TAG), PAI-1, t-PA, and platelet aggregation. Both fat loads resulted in a significant increase in whole blood TAG concentration, plasma PAI-1 and t-PA concentrations, and PAI-1 activity, as well as a significant decrease in t-PA activity during the postprandial period. Interestingly, PAI-1 concentration and activity increased more following the high (n-3)LCPUFA compared with the low (n-3)LCPUFA beverage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the high (n-3)LCPUFA beverage resulted in a lower t-PA activity (P < 0.05), whereas the effects of the 2 fat loads on the plasma t-PA concentration and platelet aggregation did not differ. Overall, acute intake of a high (n-3)LCPUFA beverage shifted the balance between plasma PAI-1 and t-PA, which might indicate a lower capacity for fibrinolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Montegaard
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C 1870, Denmark; 4Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
López S, Bermúdez B, Pacheco YM, Villar J, Abia R, Muriana FJG. Distinctive postprandial modulation of beta cell function and insulin sensitivity by dietary fats: monounsaturated compared with saturated fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:638-44. [PMID: 18779278 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/88.3.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exaggerated and prolonged postprandial triglyceride concentrations are associated with numerous conditions related to insulin resistance, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Although dietary fats profoundly affect postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, limited data exist regarding their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether postprandial glucose homeostasis is modulated distinctly by high-fat meals enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). DESIGN Normotriglyceridemic subjects with normal fasting glucose and normal glucose tolerance were studied. Blood samples were collected over the 8 h after ingestion of a glucose and triglyceride tolerance test meal (GTTTM) in which a panel of dietary fats with a gradual change in the ratio of MUFAs to SFAs was included. On 5 separate occasions, basal and postprandial concentrations of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and free fatty acids (FFAs) were measured. RESULTS High-fat meals increased the postprandial concentrations of insulin, triglycerides, and FFAs, and they enhanced postprandial beta cell function while decreasing insulin sensitivity (as assessed with different model-based and empirical indexes: insulinogenic index, insulinogenic index/homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, area under the curve for insulin/area under the curve for glucose, homeostasis model assessment for beta cell function, and GTTTM-determined insulin sensitivity, oral glucose insulin sensitivity, and the postprandial Belfiore indexes for glycemia and blood FFAs. These effects were significantly ameliorated, in a direct linear relation, when MUFAs were substituted for SFAs. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here suggest that beta cell function and insulin sensitivity progressively improve in the postprandial state as the proportion of MUFAs with respect to SFAs in dietary fats increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López
- Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|