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Zhu C, Zhang Y, Wang T, Lin Y, Yu J, Xia Q, Zhu P, Zhu DM. Vitamin D supplementation improves anxiety but not depression symptoms in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01760. [PMID: 32945627 PMCID: PMC7667301 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidemiological evidence indicated a relationship between vitamin D (VD) and depression with anxiety, but their therapeutic relationship has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine whether VD supplementation would relieve symptoms in patients with depression and anxiety with low serum 25-hydroxy VD [25(OH) D] levels. METHOD Participants with low 25(OH)D levels were randomized to control or daily VD group and were followed up for 6 months. Serum concentrations of 25(OH) D were measured using commercial kits. Psychological symptoms were evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17), Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS), Revised Physical Anhedonia scale (RPAS), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale-14 (HAMA-14). The trial was listed in the trial registration (http://www.medresman.org.cn/uc/index.aspx; NTR number: ChiCTR2000030130). RESULTS In this clinical population, no significant difference in depression symptoms was detected between VD group and control group at both baseline and at the endpoint of our study. The HAMD-17, RSAS, and RPAS scores did not change significantly between VD and control groups from baseline to endpoint (all p > .05). However, there was a significant difference in time effect of the total HAMA-14 scores between the two groups (β [95% Cl] = -2.235 [-3.818, -0.653], p = .006). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation could improve the anxiety symptoms but not depressive symptoms in depressive patients with low VD level after the 6-month intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuizhen Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yezhe Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jiakuai Yu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Qingrong Xia
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dao-Min Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
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