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Sun Y, Mao Q, Zhou D, Tian J, Du H, Yu Q, Zhao J, Duan W, Liu C, Duan Y, Zhou J, Zhang T, Xia Z, Yin Y, Liu Y, Zhao X, Xu S. Association of multiple blood metals and systemic atherosclerosis: A cross-sectional study in the CAD population. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140991. [PMID: 38141683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) is often accompanied by peripheral atherosclerosis, resulting in a higher risk of ischemia and cardiovascular death. Exposure to metals is associated with atherosclerotic plaques at specific sites. However, less is known about the effects of mixed metals on systemic atherosclerotic burden in CAD patients. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of metal mixtures with systemic atherosclerotic burden in a CAD population. METHODS A cross-sectional study including 1562 CAD patients from Southwest China was conducted. The levels of 10 blood metals were measured via inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. More than one vessel with a stenosis ≥50% vessel diameter was defined as CAD. Carotid and lower limb atherosclerosis was assessed by using ultrasound, and coronary atherosclerosis was quantified via arterial angiography. Systemic atherosclerosis was scored according to the presence or absence of lesions at the three sites and the total number of lesions. To investigate the combined impacts and interaction effects of metals, Bayesian kernel machine regression was used. Weighted quantile regression was used to identify the contributions of the metals. RESULTS Significant overall associations of mixed metals with systemic atherosclerotic burden were found. These positive overall associations were mainly driven by Cd, Cu and Pb in systemic atherosclerosis. The main contributing factors were As and Cu for coronary atherosclerosis as well as Cd, Cu and Pb for carotid and lower limb atherosclerosis. Cd and Pb or Cr can interact, and Pb interacts with age, sex and alcohol. CONCLUSIONS In CAD patients, exposure to combinations of metals was highly positively associated with systemic atherosclerotic burden. These significant trends were more pronounced in the peripheral arteries and carotid arteries. Controlling environmental metal exposure can contribute to reducing systemic atherosclerosis in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapei Sun
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Denglu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiacheng Tian
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hang Du
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Weixia Duan
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Zhiqin Xia
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yangguang Yin
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Wu M, Dou L, Abudoula A, Shu Y, Wang Y. Cadmium exposure is associated with decreased muscle strength in middle-aged and older adults. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:101424-101432. [PMID: 37648927 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29481-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, is ubiquitous in the environment. No previous research has evaluated the relationship of blood and urine cadmium levels with muscle strength measured by isokinetic knee extensor strength. This analysis included participants who were aged 50 years or older and had measurements of cadmium in blood (n = 2052) and urine (n = 811) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Blood and urine cadmium levels were assessed by atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, respectively. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to assess knee extensor strength (peak force). Linear regression models were used to examine the association between cadmium exposure and peak force, with adjustment for potential confounders. The median values (25-75th percentiles) of blood cadmium and creatinine-corrected urine cadmium were 0.50 μg/L (0.40-0.70) and 0.43 μg/g (0.27-0.71), respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, linear dose-response relationships of peak force with blood and urine cadmium concentrations were observed in the present study. Compared to participants in the highest quartile of blood cadmium and urine cadmium, the peak force decreased by 6.99 Newton (95% CI: -21.96, 7.98) and 26.84 Newton (95% CI: -44.34, -9.34) in participants in the lowest quartiles, respectively. The observed associations were more evident among men participants. Our findings suggest that the cadmium levels have a dose response relationship with decreased muscle strength measured by isokinetic knee extensor strength in middle aged and older adults. Further longitudinal investigations are required to disentangle these complexities on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Wu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linfei Dou
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aisimila Abudoula
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Shu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Kaplan B, Navas-Acien A, Rule AM, Hilpert M, Cohen JE. Exposure to metals among Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) users in the PATH study: A longitudinal analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116032. [PMID: 37137457 PMCID: PMC10330461 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have evaluated Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) in longitudinal studies, as a potential source of metals which may have carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and cardiotoxic effects. We evaluated metal body burden by ENDS use status in a longitudinal population-based national survey. METHODS We used the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study wave 1 (2013-2014), wave 2 (2014-2015), and wave 3 (2015-2016) adult data to assess urinary concentrations of seven metals among (1) ENDS only users who never used any nonelectronic tobacco products (n = 50), (2) ENDS only users who were former users of any nonelectronic tobacco products (n = 123) and (3) Never users (n = 1501) of any tobacco product. RESULTS Among ENDS only users who never used any nonelectronic tobacco products (n = 50), the geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of Cd and Pb were 1.25 (95%CI: 1.09-1.42) and 1.19 (95%CI: 1.05-1.34), respectively, compared to never users after adjustment for PATH Study wave, age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, region, secondhand smoke at home and work, and cannabis and other substance use. After the same adjustment, the corresponding GMRs were 1.48 (95%CI: 1.32-1.67) and 1.43 (95%CI: 1.28-1.60) for ENDS only users who were former users of any nonelectronic tobacco products (n = 123). No difference was observed in urinary concentrations of other metals comparing ENDS users to never users of any tobacco product. DISCUSSION ENDS users show higher urinary levels of Cd and Pb, including lifetime exclusive ENDS users compared to never users of any tobacco product. These findings are limited by the small sample size and could be related to underreporting of past combustible tobacco use or other factors. Metals typical of ENDS such as nickel and chromium unfortunately are not available in PATH. Studies assessing metal exposure associated with long term lifetime exclusive ENDS use (≥5 years) with larger sample size are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Kaplan
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana M Rule
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Markus Hilpert
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Wang X, Starodubtseva MN, Kapron CM, Liu J. Cadmium, von Willebrand factor and vascular aging. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:11. [PMID: 37264012 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a major contributing factor to cardiovascular disease. The aged blood vessels, characterized by vascular wall thickening and stiffening, are instigated by endothelial cell dysfunction induced by oxidative stress and inflammation. von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is a glycoprotein known for its role in coagulation, and plasma levels of vWF are increased with age. Elevated vWF promotes thrombosis, atherosclerotic plaque formation, inflammation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant associated with increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. At low concentrations, Cd activates pro-survival signaling in endothelial cells, however enhances intima-media thickness and atherogenesis. A non-cytotoxic dose of Cd also increases endothelial vWF expression and secretion in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying vWF-promoted vascular aging-associated pathologies and Cd-induced vWF expression. In addition, we propose that exposure to low-dose Cd is a risk factor for vascular aging, through elevation of plasma vWF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Maria N Starodubtseva
- Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
- Institute of Radiobiology of NAS of Belarus, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Carolyn M Kapron
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Ju Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC, Phelps KR. Estimation of health risks associated with dietary cadmium exposure. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:329-358. [PMID: 36592197 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03432-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In much of the world, currently employed upper limits of tolerable intake and acceptable excretion of cadmium (Cd) (ECd/Ecr) are 0.83 µg/kg body weight/day and 5.24 µg/g creatinine, respectively. These figures were derived from a risk assessment model that interpreted β2-microglobulin (β2MG) excretion > 300 μg/g creatinine as a "critical" endpoint. However, current evidence suggests that Cd accumulation reduces glomerular filtration rate at values of ECd/Ecr much lower than 5.24 µg/g creatinine. Low ECd/Ecr has also been associated with increased risks of kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, cancer, and other disorders. These associations have cast considerable doubt on conventional guidelines. The goals of this paper are to evaluate whether these guidelines are low enough to minimize associated health risks reliably, and indeed whether permissible intake of a cumulative toxin like Cd is a valid concept. We highlight sources and levels of Cd in the human diet and review absorption, distribution, kidney accumulation, and excretion of the metal. We present evidence for the following propositions: excreted Cd emanates from injured tubular epithelial cells of the kidney; Cd excretion is a manifestation of current tissue injury; reduction of present and future exposure to environmental Cd cannot mitigate injury in progress; and Cd excretion is optimally expressed as a function of creatinine clearance rather than creatinine excretion. We comprehensively review the adverse health effects of Cd and urine and blood Cd levels at which adverse effects have been observed. The cumulative nature of Cd toxicity and the susceptibility of multiple organs to toxicity at low body burdens raise serious doubt that guidelines concerning permissible intake of Cd can be meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Level 5, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - David A Vesey
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Level 5, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Level 5, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for CKD QLD, UQ Health Sciences, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth R Phelps
- Stratton Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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Yalçin SS, Erdal İ, Oğuz B, Duzova A. Associations between toxic elements and blood pressure parameters in adolescents. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126949. [PMID: 35193093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both exposure to toxic elements and hypertension (HT) are a global health problem. We planned to examine the associations between some toxic elements in urine, and blood pressure (BP) and its diurnal changes in adolescents. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 48 adolescents who were newly diagnosed with HT and 38 adolescents with age-appropriate BP and normal physical examination were included. Anthropometric measurements, urinary toxic elements, carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), and office and 24-hour ambulatory BP measurements (ABPM) of participants were taken. Urinary elements levels were studied with ICP-MS. Elements were grouped in tertiles according to urinary levels. Logistic regression analyses were performed to show the interactions. RESULTS Urinary cadmium, mercury, lead, and arsenic were found to be at detectable level in 90.7%, 69.8%, 91.9% and 100% of the participants, respectively. Univariate analyses showed that elevated daytime systolic and/or diastolic BP was associated with urinary cadmium and mercury. No association between urinary toxic elements and nighttime BP was found. When height and body mass index z-scores adjusted for, age, gender, and all four urinary creatinine-corrected toxic elements analyzed, multiple logistic regression revealed that there was an association between mercury (high vs. low; AOR:3.85) and office HT, and mercury (high vs. low; AOR:6.18) and cadmium (middle vs. low; AOR: 13.38) were associated with "elevated 24-hour systolic BP and/or diastolic BP", and "elevated 24-hour mean arterial BP" in ABPM. CONCLUSION There are complex relationships between toxic elements and BP parameters in adolescents, and more studies are needed to define the evolution of these relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddika Songül Yalçin
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - İzzet Erdal
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Berna Oğuz
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ali Duzova
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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Qin Z, Liu Q, Jiao P, Geng J, Liao R, Su B. Higher Blood Cadmium Concentration Is Associated With Increased Likelihood of Abdominal Aortic Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:870169. [PMID: 35557529 PMCID: PMC9086707 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.870169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the association between blood cadmium concentration (BCC) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in adults aged ≥40 years in the United States.MethodsData were obtained from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants without data about BCC and AAC scores were excluded. BCC was directly measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). AAC scores were quantified by the Kauppila scoring system, and severe AAC was defined as an AAC score >6. Weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to explore the independent relationship between cadmium exposure with AAC scores and severe AAC.ResultsA total of 1,530 participants were included with an average BCC of 0.47 ± 0.02 μg/L and AAC score of 1.40 ± 0.10 [mean ± standard error (SE)]. The prevalence of severe AAC was 7.96% in the whole subjects and increased with the higher BCC tertiles (Tertile 1: 4.74%, Tertile 2: 9.83%, and Tertile 3: 10.17%; p = 0.0395). We observed a significant positive association between BCC and the AAC score (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.01~0.30) and an increased risk of severe AAC [odds ratio (OR) = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.03~2.04]. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests revealed that there was no dependence for the association between BCC and AAC.ConclusionBlood cadmium concentration was associated with a higher AAC score and an increased likelihood of severe AAC in adults in the United States. Cadmium exposure is a risk factor for AAC, and attention should be given to the management of blood cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qin
- Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med+ Biomaterial Institute of West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med+ Biomaterial Institute of West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiao
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwen Geng
- Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med+ Biomaterial Institute of West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoxi Liao
- Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med+ Biomaterial Institute of West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baihai Su
- Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med+ Biomaterial Institute of West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Baihai Su
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Xu L, Liu Y, Zhao Q, Du H, Gao Y, Bai M, Lv J, Guo Y, Li L, Sun L, Lin X, Chen Z, Chen Y, Zong G. Urinary element profiles and associations with cardiometabolic diseases: A cross-sectional study across ten areas in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112535. [PMID: 34896320 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing evidence on the associations of urinary element profiles with related food intake and cardiometabolic diseases has been limited in China. OBJECTIVES To examine the associations of urinary toxic metals and other elements with food intakes and with the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), and 16 other elements in spot urine samples collected from 19,380 adults in 10 geographically diverse areas of China during 2013-2014. The levels of creatinine-corrected elements were used to analyze their correlations with self-reported dietary intake and associations with prevalent diabetes (n = 1862), stroke (n = 1322) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) (n = 1690). RESULTS Overall, the mean (SD) age was 59.2 (10.1) years with a mean BMI of 24.2 (3.5) kg/m2. Of the 21 elements, the median (IQR) concentrations varied from 0.49 (0.31-0.82) μg/g creatinine for vanadium (V) to 1666 (1189-2321) mg/g creatinine for potassium (K). Nine urinary elements [Cd, As, Ni, lead (Pb), boron (B), magnesium (Mg), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr), and cesium (Cs); all rs > 0.20, p < 0.001] were positively correlated with staple food intake, five [Cd, As, selenium (Se), Rb, and Cs; all rs > 0.20, p < 0.001] with animal-sourced food group, and one (Cd; r = 0.21, p < 0.05) with pickled vegetable intake. For diabetes, adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) per SD of specific element levels were 1.10 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.18] for Cd, 1.24 (1.18-1.31) for As, 1.33 (1.27-1.39) for Ni, 1.14 (1.09-1.20) for Al, and 1.24 (1.18-1.30) for Cu. Cd was positively associated with stroke (PR per SD = 1.13, 1.04-1.23), while none of the elements were significantly associated with IHD. CONCLUSION In China, the urinary levels of several toxic metals were significantly associated with the consumption of specific food groups and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases including diabetes and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, China
| | - Yunan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qianyu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huaidong Du
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37LF, UK; Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37LF, UK
| | - Ying Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Meijuan Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37LF, UK
| | - Yan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, China.
| | - Geng Zong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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The preferential accumulation of cadmium ions among various tissues in mice. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:111-119. [PMID: 35059304 PMCID: PMC8760390 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is hazardous to human health because of its toxicity and long half-life of clearance. Many studies have explored the relationship between chronic Cd exposure and different human diseases. However, most of the studies limited the study targets of Cd toxicity to two or three organ systems. The goal of this study was to establish a mouse model of Cd accumulation in most organ systems and to particularly investigate the potential toxic effects of Cd to the cardiovascular system. Mice were divided into three groups: the control group, Cd-100 group, and Cd-200 group. In the control group, Cd was detected in the kidney, lung, liver, heart and urine but was undetectable in the aorta, intestine, thigh bone, spinal bone and serum. Upon chronic exposure in the Cd-100 and Cd-200 groups, Cd accumulated in all tissues, with a dramatic increase in concentration. We confirmed that Cd could accumulate significantly in the heart and aorta upon chronic exposure. This finding might help to explain the potential toxic effects of Cd on these organs. In addition, the calcium concentration in the bones and kidney declined when the exposure to Cd increased. This finding aligned with the negative effects of Cd on bony mineralization and the potential direct toxic effects of Cd on bones. The impacts of Cd on the cardiovascular system were explored. Histologically, chronic Cd exposure led to myocytes hypertrophy and myocardial architecture disarray in the Cd-100 group compared to those in the control group. Our research confirms that Cd can accumulate in all of the organs studied upon chronic exposure, and suggests that the toxicity of Cd accumulation may play important roles in mediating the pathophysiologic effects in these target organs, especially the bone and heart.
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10
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Migliaccio S, Bimonte VM, Besharat ZM, Sabato C, Lenzi A, Crescioli C, Ferretti E. Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010044. [PMID: 35053192 PMCID: PMC8773563 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of aged individuals is increasing worldwide, rendering essential the comprehension of pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related alterations, which could facilitate the development of interventions contributing to “successful aging” and improving quality of life. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include pathologies affecting the heart or blood vessels, such as hypertension, peripheral artery disease and coronary heart disease. Indeed, age-associated modifications in body composition, hormonal, nutritional and metabolic factors, as well as a decline in physical activity are all involved in the increased risk of developing atherogenic alterations that raise the risk of CVD development. Several factors have been reported to play a role in the alterations observed in muscle and endothelial cells and that lead to increased CVD, such as genetic pattern, smoking and unhealthy lifestyle. Moreover, a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men has been reported. Interestingly, in the past decades attention has been focused on a potential role of several pollutants that disrupt human health by interfering with hormonal pathways, and more specifically in non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes and CVD. This review will focus on the potential alteration induced by Endocrine Disruptors (Eds) in the attempt to characterize a potential role in the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the atheromatous degeneration process and CVD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.M.B.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Viviana M. Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Zein Mersini Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.L.); (E.F.)
| | - Claudia Sabato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.L.); (E.F.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.L.); (E.F.)
| | - Clara Crescioli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.L.); (E.F.)
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11
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Grau-Perez M, Caballero-Mateos MJ, Domingo-Relloso A, Navas-Acien A, Gomez-Ariza JL, Garcia-Barrera T, Leon-Latre M, Soriano-Gil Z, Jarauta E, Cenarro A, Moreno-Franco B, Laclaustra M, Civeira F, Casasnovas JA, Guallar E, Tellez-Plaza M. Toxic Metals and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Carotid, Femoral, and Coronary Vascular Territories: The Aragon Workers Health Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 42:87-99. [PMID: 34879710 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies evaluating the association of metals with subclinical atherosclerosis are mostly limited to carotid arteries. We assessed individual and joint associations of nonessential metals exposure with subclinical atherosclerosis in 3 vascular territories. Approach and Results: One thousand eight hundred seventy-three Aragon Workers Health Study participants had urinary determinations of inorganic arsenic species, barium, cadmium, chromium, antimony, titanium, uranium, vanadium, and tungsten. Plaque presence in carotid and femoral arteries was determined by ultrasound. Coronary Agatston calcium score ≥1 was determined by computed tomography scan. Median arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, antimony, titanium, uranium, vanadium, and tungsten levels were 1.83, 1.98, 0.27, 1.18, 0.05, 9.8, 0.03, 0.66, and 0.23 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for subclinical atherosclerosis presence in at least one territory was 1.25 (1.03-1.51) for arsenic, 1.67 (1.22-2.29) for cadmium, and 1.26 (1.04-1.52) for titanium. These associations were driven by arsenic and cadmium in carotid, cadmium and titanium in femoral, and titanium in coronary territories and mostly remained after additional adjustment for the other relevant metals. Titanium, cadmium, and antimony also showed positive associations with alternative definitions of increased coronary calcium. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression analysis simultaneously evaluating metal associations suggested an interaction between arsenic and the joint cadmium-titanium exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our results support arsenic and cadmium and identify titanium and potentially antimony as atherosclerosis risk factors. Exposure reduction and mitigation interventions of these metals may decrease cardiovascular risk in individuals without clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grau-Perez
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain (M.G.-P., M.J.C.-M., M.T.-P.).,Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain (M.G.-P., M.T.-P.).,Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Spain (M.G.-P., A.D.-R.)
| | - Maria J Caballero-Mateos
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain (M.G.-P., M.J.C.-M., M.T.-P.)
| | - Arce Domingo-Relloso
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Spain (M.G.-P., A.D.-R.).,Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain (A.D.-R., M.T.-P.).,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.D.-R., A.N.-A.)
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.D.-R., A.N.-A.)
| | - Jose L Gomez-Ariza
- Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Spain (J.L.G.-A., T.G.-B.)
| | - Tamara Garcia-Barrera
- Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Spain (J.L.G.-A., T.G.-B.)
| | - Montse Leon-Latre
- CIBERCV (M.L.-L., E.J., A.C., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.)
| | - Zoraida Soriano-Gil
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology, and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Spain (Z.S.-G., B.M.-F.)
| | - Estibaliz Jarauta
- CIBERCV (M.L.-L., E.J., A.C., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain, and University of Zaragoza, Spain (E.J., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.)
| | - Ana Cenarro
- CIBERCV (M.L.-L., E.J., A.C., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (A.C.)
| | - Belen Moreno-Franco
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain, and University of Zaragoza, Spain (E.J., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology, and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Spain (Z.S.-G., B.M.-F.)
| | - Martin Laclaustra
- CIBERCV (M.L.-L., E.J., A.C., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain, and University of Zaragoza, Spain (E.J., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.)
| | - Fernando Civeira
- CIBERCV (M.L.-L., E.J., A.C., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain, and University of Zaragoza, Spain (E.J., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.)
| | - Jose A Casasnovas
- CIBERCV (M.L.-L., E.J., A.C., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (M.L.-L., Z.S.-G., E.J., A.C., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.).,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain, and University of Zaragoza, Spain (E.J., B.M.-F., M.L., F.C., J.A.C.)
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology (E.G.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.,Medicine (E.G.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain (M.G.-P., M.J.C.-M., M.T.-P.).,Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain (M.G.-P., M.T.-P.).,Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain (A.D.-R., M.T.-P.).,Environmental Health and Engineering (M.T.-P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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12
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Fagerberg B, Barregard L. Review of cadmium exposure and smoking-independent effects on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the general population. J Intern Med 2021; 290:1153-1179. [PMID: 34157165 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cadmium (Cd) via food and smoking is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Blood and urine levels of Cd are established biomarkers of exposure. OBJECTIVES To review (1) the smoking-independent associations between Cd exposure and ASCVD, including the possible presence of a nonlinear dose-response relationship with Cd exposure and (2) the causal effects of Cd exposure on different stages of atherosclerosis. METHODS Narrative review. RESULTS Cd confers increased risk of ASCVD and asymptomatic atherosclerosis in the carotid and coronary arteries above B-Cd >0.5 μg/L or U-Cd >0.5 μg/g creatinine, but it has not been shown below a threshold of these exposure levels. Adjustment for smoking does not exclude the possibility of residual confounding, but several studies in never-smoking cohorts have shown associations between Cd and ASCVD, and experimental studies have demonstrated pro-atherosclerotic effects of Cd. Cd accumulates in arterial walls and atherosclerotic plaques, reaching levels shown to have proatherosclerotic effects. Suggested early effects are increased subendothelial retention of atherogenic lipoproteins, which become oxidized, and endothelial dysfunction and damage with increased permeability for monocytes, which in the intima turn to macrophages and then to foam cells. Later, Cd may contribute to plaque rupture and erosion by endothelial apoptosis and degradation of the fibrous cap. Finally, by having prothrombotic and antifibrinolytic effects, the CVD risk may be further increased. CONCLUSIONS There is strong evidence that Cd causes ASCVD above a suggested exposure level via mechanisms in early as well as the late stages of atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Fagerberg
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Barregard
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Li Z, Chi H, Zhu W, Yang G, Song J, Mo L, Zhang Y, Deng Y, Xu F, Yang J, He Z, Yang X. Cadmium induces renal inflammation by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome through ROS/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in vitro and in vivo. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3497-3513. [PMID: 34510229 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been reported to induce kidney damage by triggering oxidative stress and inflammation. The NLR family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been implicated a role in the pathogenesis of inflammation. However, the connection between Cd and NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of renal inflammation remains unknown. In this study, in vitro experiments based on the telomerase-immortalized human renal proximal-tubule epithelial cell line (RPTEC/TERT1) were carried out. Results revealed that CdCl2 (2-8 μM) increased ROS production and activated NLRP3, thereby enhancing secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 (P < 0.05). Knock-down of NLRP3 rescued the RPTEC/TERT1 cells from Cd-induced inflammatory damage. Cd activated the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in RPTEC/TERT1 cells (P < 0.05). In addition, treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) improved inflammation and blocked the upregulation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Pre-treatment with MAPK and NF-κB inhibitors also suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation (P < 0.05). Moreover, CdCl2 (25-00 mg/L) stimulated the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, activated the NLRP3 inflammasome, and increased inflammatory response (P < 0.05) leading to renal injury in rats. Exposure to cadmium elevated serum levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β in populations (P < 0.05). Further analysis found that serum NLRP3 and IL-1β levels were positively correlated with urine cadmium (UCd) and urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG). Overall, Cd induced renal inflammation through the ROS/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our research thus provides new insights into the molecular mechanism that NLRP3 contributes to Cd-induced kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Li
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Chi
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Yang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Song
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Mo
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudi Deng
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Xu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiani Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhini He
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Kong A, Zhang Y, Ning B, Li K, Ren Z, Dai S, Chen D, Zhou Y, Gu J, Shi H. Cadmium induces triglyceride levels via microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) accumulation caused by lysosomal deacidification regulated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+ homeostasis. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 348:109649. [PMID: 34516972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure induced lipid metabolic disorder with changes in lipid composition, as well as triglyceride (TG) levels. Liver is the main organ maintaining body TG level and previous studies suggested that Cd exposure might increase TG synthesis but reduce TG uptake in liver. However, the effects of Cd exposure on TG secretion from liver and underlying mechanism are still unclear. In the present study, the data revealed that Cd exposure increased TG levels in the HepG2 cells and the cultured medium by increasing the expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP), which was abrogated by siRNA knockdown of MTTP. MTTP was synergistically accumulated after Cd exposure or treated with proteasome inhibitor MG132 and lysosome inhibitor chloroquine (CQ), which suggested the Cd increased MTTP protein stability by inhibiting both the proteasome and the lysosomal protein degradation pathways. In addition, our results demonstrated that Cd exposure inhibited the lysosomal acidic degradation pathway through disrupting endoplastic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ homeostasis. Cd-induced MTTP protein and TG levels were significantly reduced by pretreatments of BAPTA/AM chelation of intracellular Ca2+, 2-APB inhibition of ER Ca2+ release channel inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and CDN1163 activation of ER Ca2+ reuptake pump sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). These results suggest that Cd-induced ER Ca2+ release impaired the lysosomal acidity, which associated with MTTP protein accumulation and contributed to increased TG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Bo Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Kongdong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Zhen Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Shuya Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jie Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
| | - Haifeng Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
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15
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Zhong Q, Wu HB, Niu QS, Jia PP, Qin QR, Wang XD, He JL, Yang WJ, Huang F. Exposure to multiple metals and the risk of hypertension in adults: A prospective cohort study in a local area on the Yangtze River, China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 153:106538. [PMID: 33839551 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to multiple metals is recognized as a common and real scenario in daily life. However, limited prospective studies have assessed associations between multiple metals exposure and hypertension. METHODS In total, 2625 adults in a local area on the Yangtze River were investigated at baseline from 2014 to 2015 and followed up in 2019. We measured baseline urine levels of 22 metals and used multivariate logistic analysis and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to explore associations between multiple metals exposure and the risk of hypertension. RESULTS A total of 385 individuals (29.6%) were diagnosed with hypertension. Five metals (cadmium, copper, magnesium, molybdenum and zinc) were positively associated with hypertension in single-metal models. Cadmium and zinc remained significantly positive associations after adjusting for these five metals, with the odds ratio (OR) in the highest quartiles of 1.49 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.21; p-trend = 0.05) and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.38; p-trend = 0.02), respectively. BKMR analysis showed a significant joint effect of multiple metals on hypertension when the concentrations of five metals were at or above their 55th percentile compared with their median values. A potential interaction between cadmium and zinc in increasing the risk of hypertension was observed with the ORint of 1.41 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.89). CONCLUSIONS We identified the joint effect of multiple metals on hypertension and observed a significant interaction between cadmium and zinc. Further cohort studies are needed to clarify the health effects of multiple metals exposure in a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua-Bing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qin-Shan Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ping-Ping Jia
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qi-Rong Qin
- Ma(,)anshan Center for Disease Control and Provention, Ma(,)anshan, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Yian Center for Disease Control and Provention, Tongling, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Liu He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wan-Jun Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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16
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Lin HC, Hao WM, Chu PH. Cadmium and cardiovascular disease: An overview of pathophysiology, epidemiology, therapy, and predictive value. Rev Port Cardiol 2021; 40:611-617. [PMID: 34392906 DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2021.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a widely distributed toxic heavy metal that has been associated with many diseases including chronic renal dysfunction, osteomalacia, acute heart failure, secondary hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Although several studies have suggested that cadmium may affect multiple systems by inducing lipid per oxidation in cells and disturbing the antioxidant system, the mechanism by which cadmium affects the cardiovascular system remains unclear. Recent studies on heart failure and acute myocardial infarction have shown that cadmium has good predictive ability for mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. In this study, we briefly review the role of cadmium in cardiovascular disease, which may prompt further studies to investigate the potential association between cadmium and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ming Hao
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Bimonte VM, Besharat ZM, Antonioni A, Cella V, Lenzi A, Ferretti E, Migliaccio S. The endocrine disruptor cadmium: a new player in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1363-1377. [PMID: 33501614 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal, is found in soil, environment and contaminated water and food. Moreover, Cd is used in various industrial activities, such as electroplating, batteries production, fertilizers, while an important non-occupational source is represented by cigarette smoking, as Cd deposits in tobacco leaves. Since many years it is clear a strong correlation between Cd body accumulation and incidence of many diseases. Indeed, acute exposure to Cd can cause inflammation and affect many organs such as kidneys and liver. Furthermore, the attention has focused on its activity as environmental pollutant and endocrine disruptor able to interfere with metabolic and energy balance of living beings. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that the Cd-exposure is related to metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis even if human studies are still controversial. Recent data show that Cd-exposure is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension and endothelial damage that are responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Due to the large environmental diffusion of Cd, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the role of Cd in the incidence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - Z M Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Antonioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V Cella
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy.
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Cadmium and cardiovascular disease: An overview of pathophysiology, epidemiology, therapy, and predictive value. Rev Port Cardiol 2021. [PMID: 34103231 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a widely distributed toxic heavy metal that has been associated with many diseases including chronic renal dysfunction, osteomalacia, acute heart failure, secondary hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Although several studies have suggested that cadmium may affect multiple systems by inducing lipid per oxidation in cells and disturbing the antioxidant system, the mechanism by which cadmium affects the cardiovascular system remains unclear. Recent studies on heart failure and acute myocardial infarction have shown that cadmium has good predictive ability for mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. In this study, we briefly review the role of cadmium in cardiovascular disease, which may prompt further studies to investigate the potential association between cadmium and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Barregard L, Sallsten G, Harari F, Andersson EM, Forsgard N, Hjelmgren O, Angerås O, Fagman E, Persson M, Lundh T, Borné Y, Fagerberg B, Engström G, Bergström G. Cadmium Exposure and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study of Swedish Middle-Aged Adults. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:67007. [PMID: 34160297 PMCID: PMC8221368 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The general population is ubiquitously exposed to the toxic metal cadmium through the diet and smoking. Cadmium exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction. However, associations between cadmium and coronary artery atherosclerosis have not been examined. OBJECTIVES Our study sought to examine the hypothesis that blood cadmium (B-Cd) is positively associated with coronary artery calcification, as a measure of coronary artery atherosclerosis in the population-based Swedish SCAPIS study. METHODS Our analysis included 5,627 individuals (51% women), age 50-64 y, enrolled from 2013 to 2018. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was obtained from computed tomography. Blood cadmium was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Associations between B-Cd and coronary artery calcium score (CACS Agatston score) were evaluated using prevalence ratios (PRs) in models adjusted for sex, age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low-density cholesterol/high-density cholesterol ratio, and family history. RESULTS The median B-Cd concentration was 0.24μg/L. The prevalence of positive coronary artery calcium (CACS>0) was 41% and the prevalence of CACS≥100 was 13%. Relative to the lowest quartile (Q) of B-Cd (<0.16μg/L), the highest quartile (median 0.63μg/L) was associated with a small but significant increase in CACS>0 (PR 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.3), and a greater relative increase in CACS≥100 (PR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.0). When restricted to 2,446 never-smokers, corresponding PRs were 1.1 (95% CI 0.9, 1.3) for CACS>0 (63 cases in Q4) and 1.7 (95% CI 1.1, 2.7) for CACS≥100 (17 cases in Q4). DISCUSSION Blood cadmium in the highest quartile was associated with CACS in a general population sample with low to moderate cadmium exposure. This supports the hypothesis that atherosclerosis is an important mechanism underlying the associations between cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease. The findings suggest that public health measures to reduce cadmium exposure are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8523.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Barregard
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gerd Sallsten
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Florencia Harari
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva M. Andersson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niklas Forsgard
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Hjelmgren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Angerås
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erika Fagman
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Lundh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yan Borné
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Fagerberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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20
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García-Esquinas E, Téllez-Plaza M, Pastor-Barriuso R, Ortolá R, Olmedo P, Gil F, López-García E, Navas-Acien A, Rodríguez-Artalejo F. Blood cadmium and physical function limitations in older adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116748. [PMID: 33639488 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal found in tobacco, air and food. Recent cross-sectional studies have suggested that Cd negatively impacts physical performance, but the prospective association is uncertain. METHODS We used data from 2548 older adults from the Seniors-ENRICA II cohort in Madrid, Spain. Whole blood Cd levels were measured at baseline using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. At baseline (2017) and follow-up (2019), overall physical function was evaluated using the physical component summary (PCS) of the SF 12-Item Health questionnaire, lower-extremity performance with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), muscle weakness with a hand dynamometer, and frailty with a Deficit Accumulation index. Mobility limitations and disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were ascertained with standardized questionnaires. Analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders, including tobacco smoke, number of cigarettes smoked per day and time since cessation in former smokers. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) per two-fold increase in blood Cd were 1.16 (1.03; 1.31) for low PCS scores, 1.08 (0.97; 1.20) for impaired lower-extremity performance, 1.10 (0.98; 1.23) for low grip strength, 1.11 (1.02; 1.20) for mobility limitations, 1.16 (1.02; 1.31) for frailty, and 1.26 (1.08; 1.47) for IADL disability. In longitudinal analyses, corresponding hazard ratios were 1.25 (1.03; 1.51) for low PCS scores, 1.14 (1.03; 1.27) for impaired lower-extremity performance, 1.02 (0.92; 1.13) for low grip strength, 1.03 (0.91; 1.16) for mobility limitations, and 1.16 (1.00; 1.35) for frailty. All the associations where consistent when current smokers were excluded from the analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the role of Cd as a risk factor for physical function impairments in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IdiPaz (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Téllez-Plaza
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain; National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IdiPaz (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Olmedo
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Esther López-García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IdiPaz (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IdiPaz (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Martins AC, Urbano MR, Almeida Lopes ACB, Carvalho MDFH, Buzzo ML, Docea AO, Mesas AE, Aschner M, Silva AMR, Silbergeld EK, Paoliello MMB. Blood cadmium levels and sources of exposure in an adult urban population in southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109618. [PMID: 32447086 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that is widely present in the environment due to geologic and anthropogenic sources. Exposures to high Cd levels may cause nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, pulmonary and cardiovascular disease, among others. The goal of this study was to investigate in an adult urban population whether an association exists between sources and levels of Cd exposure and blood Cd concentrations. METHODS Using a census-based design, a total of 959 adults, aged 40 years or older, were randomly selected. Information on socio-demographics, dietary, and lifestyle background was obtained by household interviews. Blood Cd levels were measured by inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry. Geometric means (GM) (95% CI) and the 50th percentile were determined, stratified by sex, age, race, education, income class, smoking status, consumption of vegetables, red meat and milk, occupation and blood pressure. To assess the association between Cd exposure and the aforementioned variables, we estimated the geometric mean ratio (GMR) (95%CI) of blood Cd concentrations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The geometric mean (95%CI) of blood Cd levels in the total population was 0.25 (0.22, 0.27) ug/dL. In a univariate analysis, significantly higher blood Cd levels were found in men (p < 0.001), current and former smokers (p < 0.001), alcohol drinkers (p < 0.001), those who never or almost never consumed milk (p < 0.001), and in subjects with higher diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.03). Significant correlations were found between the number of cigarettes consumed daily and blood Cd levels. Multivariate analysis confirmed higher blood Cd concentrations were associated with alcohol consumption (GMR 95%CI = 1.28, 1.04-1.59) and in former and current smokers (GMR 95% IC = 1.33, 1.06-1.67 and 4.23, 3.24-5.52, respectively). Our results shed novel information on variables associated with blood Cd levels in an urban Brazilian population, and should encourage additional research to prevent environmental Cd exposure, both in Brazil and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mariana R Urbano
- Department of Statistics, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, S/no, Campus Universitário, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina B Almeida Lopes
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fatima H Carvalho
- Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia L Buzzo
- Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anca O Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Arthur E Mesas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería, Edificio Melchor Cano, Campus Universitario de Cuenca, Camino de Pozuelo, S/n 16071, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, 119146, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ana Maria R Silva
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ellen K Silbergeld
- Emerita Professor, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Abstract
Background To evaluate whether blood markers of lead, cadmium, and mercury can improve prediction for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality when added individually, jointly, or as an integrative index/Environmental Risk Score (ERS), in a model with established risk factors. Methods and Results Our study sample comprised 16 028 adults aged ≥40 years who were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2012 and followed up through December 31, 2015. The study sample was randomly split into training for the ERS construction (n=8043) and testing for the evaluation of prediction performance (n=7985). ERS was computed using elastic‐net penalized Cox's model based on the selected metal predictors predicting CVD mortality. During median follow‐up of 7.2 years, 517 died from CVD. In the training set, linear terms of cadmium and mercury, squared terms of lead and mercury, and all 3 pairwise interactions were selected by elastic‐net for ERS construction. In the testing set, the C‐statistic increased from 0.845 when only established CVD risk factors were in the model to 0.854 when the ERS was additionally added to the model. Addition of all linear, squared, and pairwise interaction terms of blood metals to the Cox's models improved C‐statistic from 0.845 to 0.857. The improvement remained significant when it was assessed by net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement. Conclusions Our findings suggest that blood markers of toxic metals can improve CVD risk prediction over the established risk factors and highlight their potential utility for CVD risk assessment, prevention, and precision health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI
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23
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Tellez-Plaza M, Briongos-Figuero L, Pichler G, Dominguez-Lucas A, Simal-Blanco F, Mena-Martin FJ, Bellido-Casado J, Arzua-Mouronte D, Chaves FJ, Redon J, Martin-Escudero JC. Cohort profile: the Hortega Study for the evaluation of non-traditional risk factors of cardiometabolic and other chronic diseases in a general population from Spain. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024073. [PMID: 31248913 PMCID: PMC6597740 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Hortega Study is a prospective study, which investigates novel determinants of selected chronic conditions with an emphasis on cardiovascular health in a representative sample of a general population from Spain. PARTICIPANTS In 1997, a mailed survey was sent to a random selection of public health system beneficiaries assigned to the University Hospital Rio Hortega's catchment area in Valladolid (Spain) (n=11 423, phase I), followed by a pilot examination in 1999-2000 of 495 phase I participants (phase II). In 2001-2003, the examination of 1502 individuals constituted the Hortega Study baseline examination visit (phase III, mean age 48.7 years, 49% men, 17% with obesity, 27% current smokers). Follow-up of phase III participants (also termed Hortega Follow-up Study) was obtained as of 30 November 2015 through review of health records (9.5% of participants without follow-up information). FINDINGS TO DATE The Hortega Study integrates baseline information of traditional and non-traditional factors (metabolomic including lipidomic and oxidative stress metabolites, genetic variants and environmental factors, such as metals), with 14 years of follow-up for the assessment of mortality and incidence of chronic diseases. Preliminary analysis of time to event data shows that well-known cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cardiovascular incidence rates, which add robustness to our cohort. FUTURE PLANS In 2020, we will review updated health and mortality records of this ongoing cohort for a 5-year follow-up extension. We will also re-examine elder survivors to evaluate specific aspects of ageing and conduct geolocation to study additional environmental exposures. Stored biological specimens are available for analysis of new biomarkers. The Hortega Study will, thus, enable the identification of novel factors based on time to event data, potentially contributing to the prevention and control of chronic diseases in ageing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laisa Briongos-Figuero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Gernot Pichler
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Dominguez-Lucas
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Simal-Blanco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Mena-Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesus Bellido-Casado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Delfin Arzua-Mouronte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Felipe Javier Chaves
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Redon
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Deparment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Clinic de Valencia, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Joo SH, Lee J, Hutchinson D, Song YW. Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in relation to serum cadmium concentrations: cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023233. [PMID: 30610019 PMCID: PMC6326419 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that exposure to heavy metal cadmium (Cd) may contribute to a high risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was to investigate the association of RA prevalence and serum concentrations of Cd and other heavy metals through large survey data analysis. DESIGN A retrospective cross-sectional survey study. SETTING Large population survey in Korea. PARTICIPANTS 53 829 subjects participated in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2013. INTERVENTIONS Heavy metals were measured in different time periods of the survey programme which resulted in three different data sets for analysis: Cd, mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) from 2008 to 2012 survey; serum manganese (Mn) and urine arsenic (As) from 2008 to 2009 survey; and serum zinc (Zn) from 2010 survey. RA prevalence and its associations with serum heavy metals were analysed using a general linear/logistic regression model of complex sample design. RESULTS Serum Cd was elevated in patients with RA (RA vs control: 1.30±0.07 µg/L vs 1.17±0.01 µg/L, p<0.01). There were no significant differences in urine levels of As or serum levels of Pb, Hg, Mn or Zn between patients with RA and controls. OR (95% CI) of RA prevalence according to 1 µg/L increase of serum Cd level was 1.28(95% CI 1.03 to 1.61). Prevalence of RA in women was increased with increasing quartiles of Cd levels, with a 19-fold difference in female RA prevalence between individuals in the lowest quartile of serum Cd level and those in the highest quartile (0.18% vs 3.42%). Cubic spline curve of prevalence OR showed increased risk of RA according to increased serum Cd level. Increased risk of RA in men was not observed with increased serum Cd levels. CONCLUSION There was an increased prevalence of RA in females associated with increased serum levels of Cd in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Joo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - David Hutchinson
- Rheumatology Department, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, UK
- Rheumatology Department, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK
| | - Yeong Wook Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Noor N, Zong G, Seely EW, Weisskopf M, James-Todd T. Urinary cadmium concentrations and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2014. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:349-356. [PMID: 30243183 PMCID: PMC6786759 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low to moderate acute cadmium exposure has been associated with increased risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular and kidney disease. Little is known about the association between urinary cadmium levels-an indicator of longer-term exposure-and metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS We analysed data from 3982 participants aged 20-<80 years of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2014. Urinary cadmium levels were measured and adjusted for creatinine using spot urine samples. Cadmium levels were evaluated in quintiles (Q). MetS was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III report criteria. Prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariable logistic regression accounting for complex survey design, while adjusting for potential confounders and stratifying by sex and smoking status. RESULTS In the overall study population, there was a marginal inverse association between urinary cadmium and MetS (adj. OR for Q5 versus Q1: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-1.0). Sex stratified models were similar. When examining individual components of MetS, participants with higher levels of urinary cadmium had decreased odds of abdominal obesity (adj. OR for Q5 versus Q1 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3-0.6), but increased odds for low HDL (adj. OR for Q5 versus Q1 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.1). Among current smokers, higher urinary cadmium was associated with increased odds of MetS, hypertension, and low HDL even after accounting for serum cotinine-a marker of smoking intensity. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of urinary cadmium, a marker of long term exposure, were not associated with an increased risk of MetS in the overall study population. However, higher urine cadmium was associated with altered MetS components. Current smokers were the most vulnerable group, with higher long-term cadmium exposure being associated with increased risk of MetS, low HDL, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nudrat Noor
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Geng Zong
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Ellen W Seely
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Marc Weisskopf
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02120, United States of America.
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26
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Wang Y, Ji X, Dai S, Liu H, Yan D, Zhou Y, Gu J, Shi H. Cadmium induced redistribution of cholesterol by upregulating ABCA1 and downregulating OSBP. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 189:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Rozen TD. Linking Cigarette Smoking/Tobacco Exposure and Cluster Headache: A Pathogenesis Theory. Headache 2018; 58:1096-1112. [PMID: 30011061 DOI: 10.1111/head.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To propose a hypothesis theory to establish a linkage between cigarette smoking and cluster headache pathogenesis. BACKGROUND Cluster headache is a primary headache syndrome grouped under the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. What distinguishes cluster headache from all other primary headache conditions is its inherent connection to cigarette smoking. It is undeniable that tobacco exposure is in some manner related to cluster headache. The connection to tobacco exposure for cluster headache is so strong that even if an individual sufferer never smoked, then that individual typically had significant secondary smoke exposure as a child from parental smoking behavior and in many instances both scenarios exist. The manner by which cigarette smoking is connected to cluster headache pathogenesis is unknown at present. If this could be determined this may contribute to advancing our understanding of cluster headache pathophysiology. METHODS/RESULTS Hypothesis statement. CONCLUSION The hypothesis theory will include several principles: (1) the need of double lifetime tobacco exposure, (2) that cadmium is possibly the primary agent in cigarette smoke that leads to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis toxicity promoting cluster headache, (3) that the estrogenization of the brain and its specific sexually dimorphic nuclei is necessary to develop cluster headache with tobacco exposure, and (4) that the chronic effects of smoking and its toxic metabolites including cadmium and nicotine on the cortex are contributing to the morphometric and orexin alterations that have been previously attributed to the primary headache disorder itself.
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Shen J, Wang X, Zhou D, Li T, Tang L, Gong T, Su J, Liang P. Modelling cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4221-4235. [PMID: 29993192 PMCID: PMC6111808 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium, a highly ubiquitous toxic heavy metal, has been widely recognized as an environmental and industrial pollutant, which confers serious threats to human health. The molecular mechanisms of the cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC) have not been studied in human cardiomyocytes at the cellular level. Here we showed that human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) can recapitulate the CIC at the cellular level. The cadmium-treated hPSC-CMs exhibited cellular phenotype including reduced cell viability, increased apoptosis, cardiac sarcomeric disorganization, elevated reactive oxygen species, altered action potential profile and cardiac arrhythmias. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed a differential transcriptome profile and activated MAPK signalling pathway in cadmium-treated hPSC-CMs, and suppression of P38 MAPK but not ERK MAPK or JNK MAPK rescued CIC phenotype. We further identified that suppression of PI3K/Akt signalling pathway is sufficient to reverse the CIC phenotype, which may play an important role in CIC. Taken together, our data indicate that hPSC-CMs can serve as a suitable model for the exploration of molecular mechanisms underlying CIC and for the discovery of CIC cardioprotective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Shen
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danni Zhou
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Su
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Grau-Perez M, Navas-Acien A, Galan-Chilet I, Briongos-Figuero LS, Morchon-Simon D, Bermudez JD, Crainiceanu CM, de Marco G, Rentero-Garrido P, Garcia-Barrera T, Gomez-Ariza JL, Casasnovas JA, Martin-Escudero JC, Redon J, Chaves FJ, Tellez-Plaza M. Arsenic exposure, diabetes-related genes and diabetes prevalence in a general population from Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:948-955. [PMID: 29751399 PMCID: PMC6443087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic exposure may be associated with diabetes, but the evidence at low-moderate levels is not sufficient. Polymorphisms in diabetes-related genes have been involved in diabetes risk. We evaluated the association of inorganic arsenic exposure on diabetes in the Hortega Study, a representative sample of a general population from Valladolid, Spain. Total urine arsenic was measured in 1451 adults. Urine arsenic speciation was available in 295 randomly selected participants. To account for the confounding introduced by non-toxic seafood arsenicals, we designed a multiple imputation model to predict the missing arsenobetaine levels. The prevalence of diabetes was 8.3%. The geometric mean of total arsenic was 66.0 μg/g. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for diabetes comparing the highest with the lowest tertile of total arsenic were 1.76 (1.01, 3.09) and 2.14 (1.47, 3.11) before and after arsenobetaine adjustment, respectively. Polymorphisms in several genes including IL8RA, TXN, NR3C2, COX5A and GCLC showed suggestive differential associations of urine total arsenic with diabetes. The findings support the role of arsenic on diabetes and the importance of controlling for seafood arsenicals in populations with high seafood intake. Suggestive arsenic-gene interactions require confirmation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grau-Perez
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Inmaculada Galan-Chilet
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | | | - David Morchon-Simon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jose D Bermudez
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ciprian M Crainiceanu
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Griselda de Marco
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Rentero-Garrido
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Jose A Casasnovas
- Unidad de Investigación en Prevención Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, CIBER Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Josep Redon
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Minister of Health, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Javier Chaves
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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30
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Tinkov AA, Filippini T, Ajsuvakova OP, Skalnaya MG, Aaseth J, Bjørklund G, Gatiatulina ER, Popova EV, Nemereshina ON, Huang PT, Vinceti M, Skalny AV. Cadmium and atherosclerosis: A review of toxicological mechanisms and a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 162:240-260. [PMID: 29358116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium has been proposed to be the one of the factors of atherosclerosis development, although the existing data are still controversial. The primary objective of the present study is the review and the meta-analysis of studies demonstrating the association between Cd exposure and atherosclerosis as well as review of the potential mechanisms of such association. We performed a systematic search in the PubMed-Medline database using the MeSH terms cadmium, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, mortality and humans up through December 20, 2017. Elevated urinary Cd levels were associated with increased mortality for cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07-1.67) as well as elevated blood Cd levels (HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.24-2.56). Analysis restricted to never smokers showed similar, though more imprecise, results. Consistently, we also observed an association between Cd exposure markers (blood and urine) and coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Moreover, Cd exposure was associated with atherogenic changes in lipid profile. High Cd exposure was associated with higher TC levels (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.10-2.01), higher LDL-C levels (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 0.99-1.73) and lower HDL-C levels (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.09-3.55). The mechanisms of atherogenic effect of cadmium may involve oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, enhanced lipid synthesis, up-regulation of adhesion molecules, prostanoid dysbalance, as well as altered glycosaminoglycan synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia.
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Odintsovo, Moscow Region, Russia
| | | | - Jan Aaseth
- Faculty of Public Health, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway; Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Elizaveta V Popova
- St. Joseph University in Tanzania, St. Joseph College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia; Trace Element Institute for UNESCO, Lyon, France
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31
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Wang Z, Pan L, Liu G, Zhang H, Zhang J, Jiang J, Xiao Y, Bai W, Jiao R, Huang W. Dietary exposure to cadmium of Shenzhen adult residents from a total diet study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2018; 35:706-714. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1434319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Wang
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Liubo Pan
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhou Zhang
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Division, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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Nigra AE, Ruiz-Hernandez A, Redon J, Navas-Acien A, Tellez-Plaza M. Environmental Metals and Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: A Systematic Review Beyond Lead and Cadmium. Curr Environ Health Rep 2018; 3:416-433. [PMID: 27783356 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-016-0117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Published systematic reviews concluded that there is moderate to strong evidence to infer a potential role of lead and cadmium, widespread environmental metals, as cardiovascular risk factors. For other non-essential metals, the evidence has not been appraised systematically. Our objective was to systematically review epidemiologic studies on the association between cardiovascular disease in adults and the environmental metals antimony, barium, chromium, nickel, tungsten, uranium, and vanadium. We identified a total of 4 articles on antimony, 1 on barium, 5 on chromium, 1 on nickel, 4 on tungsten, 1 on uranium, and 0 on vanadium. We concluded that the current evidence is not sufficient to inform on the cardiovascular role of these metals because of the small number of studies. Few experimental studies have also evaluated the role of these metals in cardiovascular outcomes. Additional epidemiologic and experimental studies, including prospective cohort studies, are needed to understand the role of metals, including exposure to metal mixtures, in cardiovascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, 11 Floor Rm 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adrian Ruiz-Hernandez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinical of Valencia (INCLIVA), Av. Menendez Pelayo, 4 accesorio, 6010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Redon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinical of Valencia (INCLIVA), Av. Menendez Pelayo, 4 accesorio, 6010, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Minister of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, 11 Floor Rm 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinical of Valencia (INCLIVA), Av. Menendez Pelayo, 4 accesorio, 6010, Valencia, Spain.
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Ruiz-Hernandez A, Navas-Acien A, Pastor-Barriuso R, Crainiceanu CM, Redon J, Guallar E, Tellez-Plaza M. Declining exposures to lead and cadmium contribute to explaining the reduction of cardiovascular mortality in the US population, 1988-2004. Int J Epidemiol 2017; 46:1903-1912. [PMID: 29025072 PMCID: PMC5837785 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lead and cadmium exposures have markedly declined in the USA following the implementation of large-scale public health policies and could have contributed to the unexplained decline in cardiovascular mortality in US adults. We evaluated the potential contribution of lead and cadmium exposure reductions to explain decreasing cardiovascular mortality trends occurring in the USA from 1988-94 to 1999-2004. Methods Prospective study in 15 421 adults ≥40 years old who had participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988-94 or 1999-2004. We estimated the amount of change in cardiovascular mortality over time that can be independently attributed to the intermediate pathway of changes in blood lead and urine cadmium concentrations. Results There was a 42.0% decrease in blood lead and a 31.0% decrease in urine cadmium concentrations. The cardiovascular mortality rate ratio [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] associated with a doubling of metal levels was 1.19 (1.07, 1.31) for blood lead and 1.20 (1.09, 1.32) for urine cadmium. The absolute reduction in cardiovascular deaths comparing 1999-2004 to 1988-94 was 230.7 deaths/100 000 person-years, in models adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Among these avoided deaths, 52.0 (95% CI 8.4, 96.7) and 19.4 (4.3, 36.4) deaths/100 000 person-years were attributable to changes in lead and cadmium, respectively. Conclusions Environmental declines in lead and cadmium exposures were associated with reductions in cardiovascular mortality in US adults. Given the fact that lead and cadmium remain associated with cardiovascular disease at relatively low levels of exposure, prevention strategies that further minimize exposure to lead and cadmium may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ruiz-Hernandez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research and Departments of
- Environmental Health Sciences and
- Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Josep Redon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Consortium for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain and
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research and Departments of
- Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Environmental Health Sciences and
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Mathew RO, Schulman-Marcus J, Nichols EL, Newman JD, Bangalore S, Farkouh M, Sidhu MS. Chelation Therapy as a Cardiovascular Therapeutic Strategy: the Rationale and the Data in Review. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 31:619-625. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-017-6759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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35
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Kafaei R, Tahmasbi R, Ravanipour M, Vakilabadi DR, Ahmadi M, Omrani A, Ramavandi B. Urinary arsenic, cadmium, manganese, nickel, and vanadium levels of schoolchildren in the vicinity of the industrialised area of Asaluyeh, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:23498-23507. [PMID: 28849418 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Asaluyeh is one of the most heavily industrialised areas in the world where gas, petrochemical, and many downstream industries are located. This study aims to survey the biomonitoring of four metals and one metalloid in children living in the vicinity of Asaluyeh area. To do this, we analysed the creatinine-adjusted urinary levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) in 184 elementary schoolchildren (99 boys and 85 girls) living in Asaluyeh and compared them with a reference population. The comparisons were done for two seasons (spring and fall). The results showed that in the case area (Asaluyeh), the levels of As, V, Mn, and Ni were significantly higher and that of Cd was not significantly higher than the reference city for both seasons. The mean concentration of metal(loid)s in Asaluyeh (case) and Sadabad (reference) area as μg g-1 creatinine was As 2.90 and 2.24, V 0.06 and 0.03, Mn 0.28 and 0.25, Ni 0.54 and 0.29, and Cd 0.31 and 0.28 in spring and As 3.08 and 2.28, V 0.07 and 0.03, Mn 0.30 and 0.26, Ni 0.91 and 0.30, and Cd 0.36 and 0.31 in the fall. Seasonal variations played a key role in determining urinary metal(loid) concentration, as we saw the significant level of As, Cd, V, and Ni in fall than in spring. With regard to the impact of gender on the absorption and accumulation of urinary metal(loid)s, boys showed higher levels of the studied elements, especially for As, than girls as outdoor activities are more popular among boys. Due to the values being lower than those reported in literature, more research is needed on various population groups and other exposure sources in order to judge whether living in the vicinity of the gas and petrochemical industries in Asaluyeh is a threat to nearby residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Kafaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Rahim Tahmasbi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Masomeh Ravanipour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Dariush Ranjbar Vakilabadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ahmadi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Omrani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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Zhong Q, Li X, Nong Q, Mao B, Pan X. Metabolic Profiling in Association with Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction Following Non-Toxic Cadmium Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091905. [PMID: 28872622 PMCID: PMC5618554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the metabolic profile of non-toxic cadmium (Cd)-induced dysfunctional endothelial cells using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs (n = 6 per group) were treated with 0, 1, 5, or 10 μM cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for 48 h. Cell phenotypes, including nitric oxide (NO) production, the inflammatory response, and oxidative stress, were evaluated in Cd-exposed and control HUVECs. Cd-exposed and control HUVECs were analysed using gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry. Compared to control HUVECs, Cd-exposed HUVECs were dysfunctional, exhibiting decreased NO production, a proinflammatory state, and non-significant oxidative stress. Further metabolic profiling revealed 24 significantly-altered metabolites in the dysfunctional endothelial cells. The significantly-altered metabolites were involved in the impaired tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, activated pyruvate metabolism, up-regulated glucogenic amino acid metabolism, and increased pyrimidine metabolism. The current metabolic findings further suggest that the metabolic changes linked to TCA cycle dysfunction, glycosylation of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), and compensatory responses to genomic instability and energy deficiency may be generally associated with dysfunctional phenotypes, characterized by decreased NO production, a proinflammatory state, and non-significant oxidative stress, in endothelial cells following non-toxic Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuan Zhong
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, Nanning 530021, China.
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Qingjiao Nong
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Baoyu Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Xue Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University School of Public Health, Nanning 530021, China.
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Grau-Perez M, Pichler G, Galan-Chilet I, Briongos-Figuero LS, Rentero-Garrido P, Lopez-Izquierdo R, Navas-Acien A, Weaver V, García-Barrera T, Gomez-Ariza JL, Martín-Escudero JC, Chaves FJ, Redon J, Tellez-Plaza M. Urine cadmium levels and albuminuria in a general population from Spain: A gene-environment interaction analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 106:27-36. [PMID: 28558300 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of cadmium with genes involved in oxidative stress, cadmium metabolism and transport pathways on albuminuria can provide biological insight on the relationship between cadmium and albuminuria at low exposure levels. OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that specific genotypes in candidate genes may confer increased susceptibility to cadmium exposure. METHODS Cadmium exposure was estimated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) in urine from 1397 men and women aged 18-85years participating in the Hortega Study, a representative sample of a general population from Spain. Urine albumin was measured by automated nephelometric immunochemistry. Abnormal albuminuria was defined as urine albumin greater than or equal to 30mg/g. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of abnormal albuminuria was 6.3%. The median level of urine cadmium was 0.39 (IQR, 0.23-0.65) μg/g creatinine. Multivariable-adjusted geometric mean ratios of albuminuria comparing the two highest to the lowest tertile of urine cadmium were 1.62 (95% CI, 1.43-1.84) and 2.94 (95% CI, 2.58-3.35), respectively. The corresponding odds ratios of abnormal albuminuria were 1.58 (0.83, 3.02) and 4.54 (2.58, 8.00). The association between urine cadmium and albuminuria was observed across all participant subgroups evaluated including participants without hypertension, diabetes or chronic kidney disease. We observed Bonferroni-corrected statistically significant interactions between urine cadmium levels and polymorphisms in gene SLC30A7 and RAC1. CONCLUSIONS Increasing urine cadmium concentrations were cross-sectionally associated with increased albuminuria in a representative sample of a general population from Spain. Genetic variation in oxidative stress and cadmium metabolism and transport genes may confer differential susceptibility to potential cadmium effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grau-Perez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA; Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gernot Pichler
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Inma Galan-Chilet
- Genotyping and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Rentero-Garrido
- Genotyping and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raul Lopez-Izquierdo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Virginia Weaver
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Tamara García-Barrera
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Science, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain; Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Jose L Gomez-Ariza
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Science, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain; Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - F Javier Chaves
- Genotyping and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Redon
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Minister of Health, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
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Huang Y, He C, Shen C, Guo J, Mubeen S, Yuan J, Yang Z. Toxicity of cadmium and its health risks from leafy vegetable consumption. Food Funct 2017; 8:1373-1401. [PMID: 28232985 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01580h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal and has spread widely in the environment in recent decades. This review summarizes current knowledge about Cd contamination of leafy vegetables, its toxicity, exposure, health risks, and approaches to reducing its toxicity in humans. Leafy vegetable consumption has been identified as a dominant exposure pathway of Cd in the human body. An overview of Cd pollution in leafy vegetables as well as the main sources of Cd is given. Notable estimated daily intakes and health risks of Cd exposure through vegetable consumption for humans are revealed in occupational exposure areas and even in some reference areas. Vegetable consumption is one of the most significant sources of exposure to Cd, particularly in occupational exposure regions. Therefore, numerous approaches have been developed to minimize the accumulation of Cd in leafy vegetables, among which the breeding of Cd pollution-safe cultivars is one of the most effective tools. Furthermore, dietary supplements from leafy vegetables perform positive roles in alleviating Cd toxicity in humans with regard to the effects of essential mineral elements, vitamins and phytochemicals taken into the human body via leafy vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. Current health risk assessment practice for dietary cadmium: Data from different countries. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:430-445. [PMID: 28602857 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant with high rates of soil-to-plant transference. This makes exposure to Cd through the food-chain contamination a public health concern. Cd accumulates in kidneys, and the most frequently reported adverse effect of long-term Cd intake is injury to kidneys. The FAO/WHO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives established a tolerable dietary intake level and a threshold to safeguard population health. The FAO/WHO tolerable intake was set at 25 μg per kg body weight per month (58 μg per day for a 70-kg person) with urinary Cd threshold at 5.24 μg/g creatinine. Worldwide population data indicate that urinary Cd excretion reflects cumulative Cd exposure or body burden more accurately than estimated Cd intake, derived from total diet study (TDS). For the adult population, TDS estimated Cd intake of 8-25 μg/day, while urinary Cd levels suggest higher intake levels (>30 μg/day). These Cd intake estimates are below the FAO/WHO intake guideline, but they exceed the levels that are associated with distinct pathologies in many organ systems. A wide diversity of Cd toxicity targets and Cd toxicity levels argue for a more restrictive dietary Cd intake guideline and the measures that minimize Cd levels in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - David A Vesey
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- UQ Diamantina Institute and Centre for Health Services Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
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Burroughs Peña MS, Rollins A. Environmental Exposures and Cardiovascular Disease: A Challenge for Health and Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Cardiol Clin 2017; 35:71-86. [PMID: 27886791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposures in low- and middle-income countries lie at the intersection of increased economic development and the rising public health burden of cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence suggests an association of exposure to ambient air pollution, household air pollution from biomass fuel, lead, arsenic, and cadmium with multiple cardiovascular disease outcomes, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Although populations in low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately exposed to environmental pollution, evidence linking these exposures to cardiovascular disease is derived from populations in high-income countries. More research is needed to further characterize the extent of environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Burroughs Peña
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, 11th Floor, Room 1180D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Allman Rollins
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. Health Risk Assessment of Dietary Cadmium Intake: Do Current Guidelines Indicate How Much is Safe? ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:284-288. [PMID: 28248635 PMCID: PMC5332171 DOI: 10.1289/ehp108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd), a food-chain contaminant, is a significant health hazard. The kidney is one of the primary sites of injury after chronic Cd exposure. Kidney-based risk assessment establishes the urinary Cd threshold at 5.24 μg/g creatinine, and tolerable dietary intake of Cd at 62 μg/day per 70-kg person. However, cohort studies show that dietary Cd intake below a threshold limit and that tolerable levels may increase the risk of death from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE We evaluated if the current tolerable dietary Cd intake guideline and urinary Cd threshold limit provide sufficient health protection. DISCUSSION Staple foods constitute 40-60% of total dietary Cd intake by average consumers. Diets high in shellfish, crustaceans, mollusks, spinach, and offal add to dietary Cd sources. Modeling studies predict the current tolerable dietary intake corresponding to urinary Cd of 0.70-1.85 μg/g creatinine in men and 0.95-3.07 μg/g creatinine in women. Urinary Cd levels of < 1 μg/g creatinine were associated with progressive kidney dysfunction and peripheral vascular disease. A urinary Cd of 0.37 μg/g creatinine was associated with breast cancer, whereas dietary Cd of 16-31.5 μg/day was associated with 25-94% increase in risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. CONCLUSION Modeling shows that dietary intake levels for Cd exceed the levels associated with kidney damage and many other adverse outcomes. Thus, the threshold level of urinary Cd should be re-evaluated. A more restrictive dietary intake guideline would afford enhanced health protection from this pervasive toxic metal. Citation: Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. 2017. Health risk assessment of dietary cadmium intake: do current guidelines indicate how much is safe? Environ Health Perspect 125:284-288; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP108.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Applied Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - David A. Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland School of Medicine, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. Kidney Cadmium Toxicity, Diabetes and High Blood Pressure: The Perfect Storm. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 241:65-87. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.241.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
| | - David A. Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute and The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
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Chang CM, Edwards SH, Arab A, Del Valle-Pinero AY, Yang L, Hatsukami DK. Biomarkers of Tobacco Exposure: Summary of an FDA-Sponsored Public Workshop. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 26:291-302. [PMID: 28151705 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2009, the FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) has had the authority to regulate the manufacturing, distribution, and marketing of tobacco products in order to reduce the death and disease caused by tobacco use. Biomarkers of exposure pertain to actual human exposure to chemicals arising from tobacco use and could play an important role across a number of FDA regulatory activities, including assessing new and modified-risk tobacco products and identifying and evaluating potential product standards. On August 3-4, 2015, FDA/CTP hosted a public workshop focused on biomarkers of exposure with participants from government, industry, academia, and other organizations. The workshop was divided into four sessions focused on: (i) approaches to evaluating and selecting biomarkers; (ii) biomarkers of exposure and relationship to disease risk; (iii) currently used biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers in development; and (iv) biomarkers of exposure and the assessment of smokeless tobacco and electronic nicotine delivery systems. This article synthesizes the main findings from the workshop and highlights research areas that could further strengthen the science around biomarkers of exposure and help determine their application in tobacco product regulation. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(3); 291-302. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy M Chang
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland.
| | - Selvin H Edwards
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Aarthi Arab
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Ling Yang
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Dorothy K Hatsukami
- Department of Psychiatry, Tobacco Research Programs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Three Toxic Heavy Metals in Open-Angle Glaucoma with Low-Teen and High-Teen Intraocular Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study from South Korea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164983. [PMID: 27768724 PMCID: PMC5074541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the association between heavy metal levels and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with low- and high-teen baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) using a population-based study design. Methods This cross-sectional study included 5,198 participants older than 19 years of age who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2012 and had blood heavy metal levels available. The OAG with normal baseline IOP (IOP ≤ 21 mmHg) subjects were stratified into low-teen OAG (baseline IOP ≤ 15 mmHg) and high-teen OAG (15 mmHg < baseline IOP ≤ 21 mmHg), and the association between blood lead, mercury, and cadmium levels and glaucoma prevalence was assessed for low- and high-teen OAG. Results The adjusted geometric mean of blood cadmium levels was significantly higher in subjects with low-teen OAG than that of the non-glaucomatous group (P = 0.028), whereas there were no significant differences in blood lead and mercury levels. After adjusting for potential confounders, the low-teen OAG was positively associated with log-transformed blood cadmium levels (OR, 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.93; P = 0.026). For high-teen OAG, log-transformed blood levels of the three heavy metals were not associated with disease prevalence. The association between log-transformed blood cadmium levels and low-teen OAG was significant only in men (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.10–2.48; P = 0.016), and not in women (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.66–1.85; P = 0.709). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that cadmium toxicity could play a role in glaucoma pathogenesis, particularly in men and in OAG with low-teen baseline IOP.
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Kleszczewski T, Kleszczewska E, Buzun L, Modzelewska B. Levels of l-ascorbic acid and cadmium in the saphenous vein of patients with coronary artery disease are negatively correlated. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 36:22-6. [PMID: 27259348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was the simultaneous determination of levels of cadmium and l-ascorbic Acid (AA) in human saphenous vein (SV) used in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and check whether there is a relationship between these levels. METHODS Human SV were collected from 40 patients (20 men and 20 women; age, 40-75 years) at the time of routine coronary artery surgical revascularization. The concentration of cadmium in the tissue was determined according to the GF AAS-atomic absorption method. The concentration of AA was assayed in supernatant by FIA method with spectrophotometric detection. RESULTS AA concentration (mean±SD); men: 98,7±13,18μg/g tissue, women: 96,06±11,98μg/g tissue. Cadmium concentration(mean±SD); men: 309±103,71ng/g tissue, women: 348,5±255,71ng/g tissue. Correlations among concentrations of AA and cadmium were insignificant negative in the group of men (Pearson r=-0,1504, p=0,5269) and in the group women (Pearson r=-0339, p=0144). CONCLUSIONS Negative correlations among concentrations of AA and cadmium in human SV obtained in our study may indicate a protective effect of this vitamin in relation to toxic cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kleszczewski
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kleszczewska
- Institute of Health Care, Higher Vocational School of Suwałki, Poland
| | - Leszek Buzun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland and Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Regional Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Beata Modzelewska
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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Abstract
The Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial enrolling patients age ≥50 years with prior myocardial infarction. TACT used a 2 × 2 factorial design to study ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation and high-dose vitamin supplementation. Chelation provided a modest but significant reduction in cardiovascular endpoints. The benefit was stronger and significant among participants with diabetes but absent in those without diabetes. Mechanisms by which chelation might reduce cardiovascular risk in persons with diabetes include the effects of EDTA chelation on transition and toxic metals. Transition metals, particularly copper and iron, play important roles in oxidative stress pathways. Toxic metals, in particular cadmium and lead, are toxic for the cardiovascular system. This review discusses the epidemiologic evidence and animal and human studies supporting the role of these metals in the development of diabetes and ischemic heart disease and potential ways by which EDTA chelation could confer cardiovascular benefit.
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Santos-Gallego CG, Jialal I. Cadmium and atherosclerosis: Heavy metal or singing the blues? Atherosclerosis 2016; 249:230-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rapisarda V, Loreto C, Malaguarnera M, Ardiri A, Proiti M, Rigano G, Frazzetto E, Ruggeri MI, Malaguarnera G, Bertino N, Malaguarnera M, Catania VE, Di Carlo I, Toro A, Bertino E, Mangano D, Bertino G. Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:573-90. [PMID: 27168870 PMCID: PMC4858622 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i13.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. The main risk factors for HCC are alcoholism, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cirrhosis, aflatoxin, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease and hemophilia. Occupational exposure to chemicals is another risk factor for HCC. Often the relationship between occupational risk and HCC is unclear and the reports are fragmented and inconsistent. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the association of infective and non-infective occupational risk exposure and HCC in order to encourage further research and draw attention to this global occupational public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venerando Rapisarda
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Loreto
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Malaguarnera
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ardiri
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Proiti
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rigano
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Evelise Frazzetto
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Irene Ruggeri
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Malaguarnera
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bertino
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mariano Malaguarnera
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Vito Emanuele Catania
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Isidoro Di Carlo
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Toro
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bertino
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Dario Mangano
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bertino
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Barregard L, Sallsten G, Fagerberg B, Borné Y, Persson M, Hedblad B, Engström G. Blood Cadmium Levels and Incident Cardiovascular Events during Follow-up in a Population-Based Cohort of Swedish Adults: The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:594-600. [PMID: 26517380 PMCID: PMC4858401 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1509735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium exposure may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The only published longitudinal study on cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease was performed in American Indians with relatively high cadmium exposure. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to examine the association between blood cadmium at baseline and incident cardiovascular events in a population-based study of Swedish men and women with cadmium levels similar to those of most European and U.S. METHODS A Swedish population-based cohort (n = 6,103, age 46-67 years) was recruited between 1991 and 1994. After we excluded those with missing data on smoking, 4,819 participants remained. Acute coronary events, other major cardiac events, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality were followed until 2010. Associations with blood cadmium (estimated from cadmium in erythrocytes) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression including potential confounders and important cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Hazard ratios for all cardiovascular end points were consistently increased for participants in the 4th blood cadmium quartile (median, 0.99 μg/L). In models that also included sex, smoking, waist circumference, education, physical activity, alcohol intake, serum triglycerides, HbA1c, and C-reactive protein, the hazard ratios comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of exposure were 1.8 (95% CI: 1.2, 2.7) for acute coronary events, and 1.9 (1.3, 2.9) for stroke. Hazard ratios in never-smokers were consistent with these estimates. CONCLUSIONS Blood cadmium in the highest quartile was associated with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in our population-based samples of Swedish adults. The consistent results among never-smokers are important because smoking is a strong confounder. Our findings suggest that measures to reduce cadmium exposures are warranted, even in populations without unusual sources of exposure. CITATION Barregard L, Sallsten G, Fagerberg B, Borné Y, Persson M, Hedblad B, Engström G. 2016. Blood cadmium levels and incident cardiovascular events during follow-up in a population-based cohort of Swedish adults: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:594-600; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509735.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Barregard
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gerd Sallsten
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Fagerberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yan Borné
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Persson
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Hecht EM, Arheart K, Lee DJ, Hennekens CH, Hlaing WM. A cross-sectional survey of cadmium biomarkers and cigarette smoking. Biomarkers 2016; 21:429-35. [PMID: 26983064 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2016.1153717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium contamination of tobacco may contribute to the health hazards of cigarette smoking. The 2005-2012 United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data provided a unique opportunity to conduct a cross-sectional survey of cadmium biomarkers and cigarette smoking. Among a sample of 6761 participants, we evaluated mean differences and correlations between cadmium biomarkers in the blood and urine and characteristics of never, former and current smokers. We found statistically significant differences in mean cadmium biomarker levels between never and former smokers as well as between never and current smokers. In current smokers, duration in years had a higher correlation coefficient with urinary than blood cadmium levels. In contrast, number of cigarettes smoked per day had a higher correlation coefficient with blood than urinary cadmium levels. These data suggest that blood and urine cadmium biomarker levels differ by duration and dose. These findings should be considered in evaluating any association between cadmium and smoking related diseases, especially cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Hecht
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Kris Arheart
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - David J Lee
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Charles H Hennekens
- b Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine , Florida Atlantic University , Boca Raton , FL , USA ;,c Department of Preventive Medicine , Nova Southeastern University , Fort Lauderdale , FL , USA ;,d Department of Family Medicine & Community Health , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - WayWay M Hlaing
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
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