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Thakkar MK, Lee J, Meyer S, Chang VY. RecQ Helicase Somatic Alterations in Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:887758. [PMID: 35782872 PMCID: PMC9240438 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.887758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Named the “caretakers” of the genome, RecQ helicases function in several pathways to maintain genomic stability and repair DNA. This highly conserved family of enzymes consist of five different proteins in humans: RECQL1, BLM, WRN, RECQL4, and RECQL5. Biallelic germline mutations in BLM, WRN, and RECQL4 have been linked to rare cancer-predisposing syndromes. Emerging research has also implicated somatic alterations in RecQ helicases in a variety of cancers, including hematological malignancies, breast cancer, osteosarcoma, amongst others. These alterations in RecQ helicases, particularly overexpression, may lead to increased resistance of cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy. Downregulation of these proteins may allow for increased sensitivity to chemotherapy, and, therefore, may be important therapeutic targets. Here we provide a comprehensive review of our current understanding of the role of RecQ DNA helicases in cancer and discuss the potential therapeutic opportunities in targeting these helicases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha K. Thakkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jamie Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital and Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Vivian Y. Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Childrens Discovery and Innovation Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Vivian Y. Chang,
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2
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Zhang Y, Xiang J, Tang L, Li J, Lu Q, Tian G, He BS, Yang J. Identifying Breast Cancer-Related Genes Based on a Novel Computational Framework Involving KEGG Pathways and PPI Network Modularity. Front Genet 2021; 12:596794. [PMID: 34484285 PMCID: PMC8415302 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.596794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex diseases, such as breast cancer, are often caused by mutations of multiple functional genes. Identifying disease-related genes is a critical and challenging task for unveiling the biological mechanisms behind these diseases. In this study, we develop a novel computational framework to analyze the network properties of the known breast cancer–associated genes, based on which we develop a random-walk-with-restart (RCRWR) algorithm to predict novel disease genes. Specifically, we first curated a set of breast cancer–associated genes from the Genome-Wide Association Studies catalog and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database and then studied the distribution of these genes on an integrated protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. We found that the breast cancer–associated genes are significantly closer to each other than random, which confirms the modularity property of disease genes in a PPI network as revealed by previous studies. We then retrieved PPI subnetworks spanning top breast cancer–associated KEGG pathways and found that the distribution of these genes on the subnetworks are non-random, suggesting that these KEGG pathways are activated non-uniformly. Taking advantage of the non-random distribution of breast cancer–associated genes, we developed an improved RCRWR algorithm to predict novel cancer genes, which integrates network reconstruction based on local random walk dynamics and subnetworks spanning KEGG pathways. Compared with the disease gene prediction without using the information from the KEGG pathways, this method has a better prediction performance on inferring breast cancer–associated genes, and the top predicted genes are better enriched on known breast cancer–associated gene ontologies. Finally, we performed a literature search on top predicted novel genes and found that most of them are supported by at least wet-lab experiments on cell lines. In summary, we propose a robust computational framework to prioritize novel breast cancer–associated genes, which could be used for further in vitro and in vivo experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.,Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ju Xiang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.,Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingqing Lu
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China.,Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China.,Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Bin-Sheng He
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.,Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialiang Yang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.,Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China.,Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Xiang J, Tang L, Li J, Lu Q, Tian G, He BS, Yang J. Identifying Breast Cancer-Related Genes Based on a Novel Computational Framework Involving KEGG Pathways and PPI Network Modularity. Front Genet 2021; 12:596794. [PMID: 34484285 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.596794/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex diseases, such as breast cancer, are often caused by mutations of multiple functional genes. Identifying disease-related genes is a critical and challenging task for unveiling the biological mechanisms behind these diseases. In this study, we develop a novel computational framework to analyze the network properties of the known breast cancer-associated genes, based on which we develop a random-walk-with-restart (RCRWR) algorithm to predict novel disease genes. Specifically, we first curated a set of breast cancer-associated genes from the Genome-Wide Association Studies catalog and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database and then studied the distribution of these genes on an integrated protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. We found that the breast cancer-associated genes are significantly closer to each other than random, which confirms the modularity property of disease genes in a PPI network as revealed by previous studies. We then retrieved PPI subnetworks spanning top breast cancer-associated KEGG pathways and found that the distribution of these genes on the subnetworks are non-random, suggesting that these KEGG pathways are activated non-uniformly. Taking advantage of the non-random distribution of breast cancer-associated genes, we developed an improved RCRWR algorithm to predict novel cancer genes, which integrates network reconstruction based on local random walk dynamics and subnetworks spanning KEGG pathways. Compared with the disease gene prediction without using the information from the KEGG pathways, this method has a better prediction performance on inferring breast cancer-associated genes, and the top predicted genes are better enriched on known breast cancer-associated gene ontologies. Finally, we performed a literature search on top predicted novel genes and found that most of them are supported by at least wet-lab experiments on cell lines. In summary, we propose a robust computational framework to prioritize novel breast cancer-associated genes, which could be used for further in vitro and in vivo experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ju Xiang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingqing Lu
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Bin-Sheng He
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Neuroscience Research Center & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialiang Yang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
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4
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Ababou M. Bloom syndrome and the underlying causes of genetic instability. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:35-48. [PMID: 33736941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal hereditary recessive diseases characterized by genetic instability are often associated with cancer predisposition. Bloom syndrome (BS), a rare genetic disorder, with <300 cases reported worldwide, combines both. Indeed, patients with Bloom's syndrome are 150 to 300 times more likely to develop cancers than normal individuals. The wide spectrum of cancers developed by BS patients suggests that early initial events occur in BS cells which may also be involved in the initiation of carcinogenesis in the general population and these may be common to several cancers. BS is caused by mutations of both copies of the BLM gene, encoding the RecQ BLM helicase. This review discusses the different aspects of BS and the different cellular functions of BLM in genome surveillance and maintenance through its major roles during DNA replication, repair, and transcription. BLM's activities are essential for the stabilization of centromeric, telomeric and ribosomal DNA sequences, and the regulation of innate immunity. One of the key objectives of this work is to establish a link between BLM functions and the main clinical phenotypes observed in BS patients, as well as to shed new light on the correlation between the genetic instability and diseases such as immunodeficiency and cancer. The different potential implications of the BLM helicase in the tumorigenic process and the use of BLM as new potential target in the field of cancer treatment are also debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Ababou
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco; Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
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5
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Zhou YT, Zheng LY, Wang YJ, Yang L, Xie YT, Panda I, Tian XX, Fang WG. Effect of functional variant rs11466313 on breast cancer susceptibility and TGFB1 promoter activity. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 184:237-248. [PMID: 32757134 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms in TGFB1 contribute to breast cancer (BC) susceptibility, and explore the mechanism of action. METHODS A total of 7 tagging SNPs (tSNPs) were genotyped in 1161 BC cases and 1337 age-matched controls among Chinese Han population. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict functional SNP closely linked to tSNPs. Luciferase gene reporter assay was performed to determine the effect of genetic variants on promoter activity. DNA pull-down assay and mass spectrometry were used to identify the differentially binding proteins to genetic variants. RESULTS Genotyping analysis showed that rs1800469 (C>T) in the 5' regulatory region of TGFB1 was associated with reduced BC risk. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that rs11466313 (-2389_-2391 Del/AGG) in the 5' regulatory region of TGFB1, was closely linked to tSNP rs1800469 and could be functional. The genotyping of rs11466313 by PCR-SSCP showed that rs11466313 also conferred decreased BC risk. Luciferase assays demonstrated that rs11466313 minor allele reduced over ninefold of promoter activity compared with its major allele (p < 0.001). DNA pull-down assay and mass spectrometry revealed that rs11466313 minor allele lost the binding ability with FAM98B and HSP90B. Knocking down FAM98B but not HSP90B, the enhanced promoter activity driven by TGFB1 rs11466313 major allele was attenuated. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates the impact of functional polymorphism rs11466313 in the regulatory region of TGFB1 on breast cancer susceptibility and gene expression, and could be helpful for future research to determine the value of this TGFB1 variant in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yun-Tao Xie
- Breast Center, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Ipsita Panda
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin-Xia Tian
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Wei-Gang Fang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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6
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Grešner P, Jabłońska E, Gromadzińska J. Rad51 paralogs and the risk of unselected breast cancer: A case-control study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226976. [PMID: 31905201 PMCID: PMC6944361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A case-control study was conducted in which we evaluated the association between genetic variability of DNA repair proteins belonging to the Rad51 family and breast cancer (BrC) risk. In the study, 132 female BrC cases and 189 healthy control females were genotyped for a total of 14 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within Rad51 and Xrcc3. Moreover, our previously reported Rad51C genetic data were involved to explore the nonlinear interactions among SNPs within the three genes and effect of such interactions on BrC risk. The rare rs5030789 genotype (-4601AA) in Rad51 was found to significantly decrease the BrC risk (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-1.0, p<0.05). An interaction between this SNP, rs2619679 and rs2928140 (both in Rad51), was found to result in a two three-locus genotypes -4719AA/-4601AA/2972CG and -4719AT/-4601GA/2972CC, both of which were found to increase the risk of BrC (OR = 8.4, 95% CI: 1.8-38.6, p<0.0001), instead. Furthermore, rare Rad51 rs1801320 (135CC) and heterozygous Xrcc3 rs3212057 (10343GA) genotypes were found to respectively increase (OR = 10.6, 95% CI: 1.9-198, p<0.02) and decrease (OR = 0.0, 95% CI: 0.0-NA, p<0.05) the risk of BrC. Associations between these SNPs and BrC risk were further supported by outcomes of employed machine learning analyses. In Xrcc3, the 4541A/9685A haplotype was found to be significantly associated with reduced BrC risk (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9; p<0.05). Concluding, our study indicates a complex role of SNPs within Rad51 (especially rs5030789) and Xrcc3 in BrC, although their significance with respect to the disease needs to be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grešner
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Gromadzińska
- Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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7
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Yang M, Zhang J, Su S, Qin B, Kang L, Zhu R, Guan H. Allelic interaction effects of DNA damage and repair genes on the predisposition to age-related cataract. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0184478. [PMID: 29689049 PMCID: PMC5915686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Age-related cataract (ARC) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. DNA damage and malfunction of DNA repair are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of ARC. Aside from increasing age, the risk factors for ARC appear to be rather complex, and one or more gene variations could play critical roles in the diverse processes of ARC progression. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of different genetic variants on ARC risk. Methods A cohort of 789 ARC patients and 531 normal controls from the Jiangsu Eye Study was included in this study. Genotyping of 18 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 4 DNA damage/repair genes was performed using TaqMan SNP assays. SNP-SNP interactions were analyzed via multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR), classification and regression tree (CART) and genetic risk score (GRS) analyses. Results Based on single-locus analyses of the 18 SNPs examined, WRN-rs11574311 (T>C) was associated with ARC risk. However, in MDR, the gene-gene interaction among the five SNPs (WRN-rs4733220 (G>A), WRN-rs1801195 (T>G), OGG1-rs2072668 (G>C) and OGG1-rs2304277 (A>G)) on ARC risk was significant (OR = 5.03, 95% CI: 3.54~7.13). CART analyses also revealed that the combination of five SNPs above was the best polymorphic signature for discriminating between the cases and the controls. The overall odds ratio for CART ranged from 4.56 to 7.90 showing an incremental risk for ARC. This result indicated that these critical SNPs participate in complex interactions. The GRS results showed an increased risk for ARC among individuals with the SNPs in this polymorphic signature. Conclusion The use of multifactorial analysis (or an integrated approach) rather than a single methodology could be an improved strategy for identifying complex gene interactions. The multifactorial approach used in this study has the potential to identify complex biological relationships among ARC-related genes and processes. This approach will lead to the discovery of novel biological information, ultimately improving ARC risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu Su
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bai Qin
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail:
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8
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DNA damage repair in breast cancer and its therapeutic implications. Pathology 2016; 49:156-165. [PMID: 28034453 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) involves the activation of numerous cellular activities that repair DNA lesions and maintain genomic integrity, and is critical in preventing tumorigenesis. Inherited or acquired mutations in specific genes involved in the DNA damage response, for example the breast cancer susceptibility genes 1/2 (BRCA1/2), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and P53 are associated with various subtypes of breast cancer. Such changes can render breast cancer cells particularly sensitive to specific DNA damage response inhibitors, for example BRCA1/2 germline mutated cells are sensitive to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. The aims of this review are to discuss specific DNA damage response defects in breast cancer and to present the current stage of development of various DDR inhibitors (namely PARP, ATM/ATR, DNA-PK, PARG, RECQL5, FEN1 and APE1) for breast cancer mono- and combination therapy.
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9
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Yang SY, Hsiung CN, Li YJ, Chang GC, Tsai YH, Chen KY, Huang MS, Su WC, Chen YM, Hsiung CA, Yang PC, Chen CJ, Wu PE, Yu JC, Shen CY, Hsu HM. Fanconi anemia genes in lung adenocarcinoma- a pathway-wide study on cancer susceptibility. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:23. [PMID: 26842001 PMCID: PMC4739091 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinogens in cigarette smoke can induce the formation of DNA-DNA cross-links, which are repaired by the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, and it is tempting to speculate that this pathway is involved in lung tumorigenesis. This study is to determine whether genetic polymorphism of the FA genes is associated with an elevated risk of lung adenocarcinoma, and whether the association between genotypes and risk is modified by exposure to cigarette smoke. Methods This case–control study genotyped 53 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FA genes in 709 patients (354 males and 355 females) with lung adenocarcinoma and in 726 cancer-free individuals (339 males and 387 females). Genotypic frequencies of SNPs were compared between cases and controls to identify important FA genes associated with cancer susceptibility. Joint effects in determining cancer risk contributed by genes and smoking-related risk factors and by multiple genes involved in different FA subpathways were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis and stratified analysis. All analyses were performed on males and females separately, and the comparison of results was considered a way of examining the validity of study findings. Results Lung adenocarcinomas in both male and female patients were associated with (a) genotypic polymorphisms of FANCC and FANCD1; (b) a combined effect of harboring a higher number of high-risk genotypes and smoking/passive smoking; (c) specific interactions of multiple genes, proteins encoded by which have been known to work jointly within the FA pathway. Conclusions Genetic polymorphism of the FA genes is associated with inter-individual susceptibility to lung adenocarcinoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-016-0240-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Yao-Jen Li
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lincou, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Life Science Library, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Environmental Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Huan-Ming Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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10
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The risk for developing cancer in Israeli ATM, BLM, and FANCC heterozygous mutation carriers. Cancer Genet 2015; 209:70-4. [PMID: 26778106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer risks in heterozygous mutation carriers of the ATM, BLM, and FANCC genes are controversial. To shed light on this issue, cancer rates were evaluated by cross referencing asymptomatic Israeli heterozygous mutation carriers in the ATM, BLM, and FANCC genes with cancer diagnoses registered at the Israeli National Cancer Registry (INCR). Comparison of observed to expected Standardized Incidence Rates (SIR) was performed. Overall, 474 individuals participated in the study: 378 females; 25 Arab and 31 Jewish ATM carriers, 152 BLM carriers, and 170 FANCC carriers (all Ashkenazim). Age range at genotyping was 19-53 years (mean + SD 30.6 + 5 years). In addition, 96 males were included; 5, 34, and 57 ATM, BLM, and FANCC mutation carriers, respectively. Over 5-16 years from genotyping (4721 person/years), 15 new cancers were diagnosed in mutation carriers: 5 breast, 4 cervical, 3 melanomas, and one each bone sarcoma, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer. No single cancer diagnosis was more prevalent then expected in all groups combined or per gene analyzed. Specifically breast cancer SIR was 0.02-0.77. We conclude that Israeli ATM, BLM, and FANCC heterozygous mutation carriers are not at an increased risk for developing cancer.
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11
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Al-Zoubi MS, Mazzanti CM, Zavaglia K, Hamad MA, Armogida I, Lisanti MP, Bevilacqua G. Homozygous T172T and Heterozygous G135C Variants of Homologous Recombination Repairing Protein RAD51 are Related to Sporadic Breast Cancer Susceptibility. Biochem Genet 2015; 54:83-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-015-9703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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12
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Exome sequencing reveals frequent deleterious germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes in women with invasive breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 153:435-43. [PMID: 26296701 PMCID: PMC4559569 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
When sequencing blood and tumor samples to identify targetable somatic variants for cancer therapy, clinically relevant germline variants may be uncovered. We evaluated the prevalence of deleterious germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes in women with breast cancer referred for neoadjuvant chemotherapy and returned clinically actionable results to patients. Exome sequencing was performed on blood samples from women with invasive breast cancer referred for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Germline variants within 142 hereditary cancer susceptibility genes were filtered and reviewed for pathogenicity. Return of results was offered to patients with deleterious variants in actionable genes if they were not aware of their result through clinical testing. 124 patients were enrolled (median age 51) with the following subtypes: triple negative (n = 43, 34.7%), HER2+ (n = 37, 29.8%), luminal B (n = 31, 25%), and luminal A (n = 13, 10.5%). Twenty-eight deleterious variants were identified in 26/124 (21.0%) patients in the following genes: ATM (n = 3), BLM (n = 1), BRCA1 (n = 4), BRCA2 (n = 8), CHEK2 (n = 2), FANCA (n = 1), FANCI (n = 1), FANCL (n = 1), FANCM (n = 1), FH (n = 1), MLH3 (n = 1), MUTYH (n = 2), PALB2 (n = 1), and WRN (n = 1). 121/124 (97.6%) patients consented to return of research results. Thirteen (10.5%) had actionable variants, including four that were returned to patients and led to changes in medical management. Deleterious variants in cancer susceptibility genes are highly prevalent in patients with invasive breast cancer referred for neoadjuvant chemotherapy undergoing exome sequencing. Detection of these variants impacts medical management.
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RAD51 135G>C substitution increases breast cancer risk in an ethnic-specific manner: a meta-analysis on 21,236 cases and 19,407 controls. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11588. [PMID: 26108708 PMCID: PMC4479800 DOI: 10.1038/srep11588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
RAD51 is a homolog of bacterial RecA protein, which plays an important role in preserving stability of the genome. RAD51 interacts with BRCA1 and BRCA2 for homologous recombination repair. A functional polymorphism (135G > C) in the RAD51 gene has been a subject of great interest, which is evidenced by at least 28 case-control studies and eight meta-analyses undertaken on this polymorphism till now. We undertook a meta-analysis on RAD51 135G > C data for 21236 cases and 19407 controls pooled from 28 studies on breast cancer in women. Pooled data analysis suggested a significant association of the substitution with breast cancer in the recessive model (GG + GC versus CC) and in the co-dominant models comparing GG versus CC and GC versus CC. Analysis of the results suggested that ‘CC’ genotype is a significant breast cancer risk factor in comparison to ‘GG’ and ‘GC’ genotypes. We also undertook pooled analyses on different ethnic groups and found that ‘CC’ was a strong risk factor in Caucasians, but not in East-Asians and populations of mixed ethnicity. In conclusion, the RAD51 135G > C substitution in the homozygous form (CC) increases the risk of breast cancer in an ethnic-specific manner.
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Chen J, Morrical MD, Donigan KA, Weidhaas JB, Sweasy JB, Averill AM, Tomczak JA, Morrical SW. Tumor-associated mutations in a conserved structural motif alter physical and biochemical properties of human RAD51 recombinase. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 43:1098-111. [PMID: 25539919 PMCID: PMC4333388 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human RAD51 protein catalyzes DNA pairing and strand exchange reactions that are central to homologous recombination and homology-directed DNA repair. Successful recombination/repair requires the formation of a presynaptic filament of RAD51 on ssDNA. Mutations in BRCA2 and other proteins that control RAD51 activity are associated with human cancer. Here we describe a set of mutations associated with human breast tumors that occur in a common structural motif of RAD51. Tumor-associated D149N, R150Q and G151D mutations map to a Schellman loop motif located on the surface of the RecA homology domain of RAD51. All three variants are proficient in DNA strand exchange, but G151D is slightly more sensitive to salt than wild-type (WT). Both G151D and R150Q exhibit markedly lower catalytic efficiency for adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis compared to WT. All three mutations alter the physical properties of RAD51 nucleoprotein filaments, with G151D showing the most dramatic changes. G151D forms mixed nucleoprotein filaments with WT RAD51 that have intermediate properties compared to unmixed filaments. These findings raise the possibility that mutations in RAD51 itself may contribute to genome instability in tumor cells, either directly through changes in recombinase properties, or indirectly through changes in interactions with regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Milagros D Morrical
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Katherine A Donigan
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Joanne B Weidhaas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joann B Sweasy
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - April M Averill
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jennifer A Tomczak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Scott W Morrical
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Hsiung CN, Chu HW, Huang YL, Chou WC, Hu LY, Hsu HM, Wu PE, Hou MF, Yu JC, Shen CY. Functional variants at the 21q22.3 locus involved in breast cancer progression identified by screening of genome-wide estrogen response elements. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:455. [PMID: 25298020 PMCID: PMC4303134 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Estrogen forms a complex with the estrogen receptor (ER) that binds to estrogen response elements (EREs) in the regulatory region of estrogen-responsive genes and regulates their transcription. Sequence variants in the regulatory regions have the potential to affect the transcription factor–regulatory sequence interaction, resulting in altered expression of target genes. This study explored the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ERE-associated sequences and breast cancer progression. Methods The ERE-associated sequences throughout the whole genome that have been demonstrated to bind ERα in vivo were blasted against online information from SNP data sets and 54 SNPs located adjacent to estrogen-responsive genes were selected for genotyping in two independent cohorts of breast cancer patients: 779 patients in the initial screening stage and another 888 in the validation stage. Deaths due to breast cancer or recurrence of breast cancer were defined as the respective events of interest, and the hazard ratios of individual SNPs were estimated based on the Cox proportional hazards model. Furthermore, functional assays were performed, and information from publicly available genomic data and bioinformatics platforms were used to provide additional evidence for the associations identified in the association analyses. Results The SNPs at 21q22.3 ERE were significantly associated with overall survival and disease-free survival of patients. Furthermore, these 21q22.3 SNPs (rs2839494 and rs1078272) could affect the binding of this ERE-associated sequence to ERα or Rad21 (an ERα coactivator), respectively, which resulted in a difference in ERα-activated expression of the reporter gene. Conclusion These findings support the idea that functional variants in the ERα-regulating sequence at 21q22.3 are important in determining breast cancer progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0455-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Keijzers G, Maynard S, Shamanna RA, Rasmussen LJ, Croteau DL, Bohr VA. The role of RecQ helicases in non-homologous end-joining. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 49:463-72. [PMID: 25048400 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2014.942450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks are highly toxic DNA lesions that cause genomic instability, if not efficiently repaired. RecQ helicases are a family of highly conserved proteins that maintain genomic stability through their important roles in several DNA repair pathways, including DNA double-strand break repair. Double-strand breaks can be repaired by homologous recombination (HR) using sister chromatids as templates to facilitate precise DNA repair, or by an HR-independent mechanism known as non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) (error-prone). NHEJ is a non-templated DNA repair process, in which DNA termini are directly ligated. Canonical NHEJ requires DNA-PKcs and Ku70/80, while alternative NHEJ pathways are DNA-PKcs and Ku70/80 independent. This review discusses the role of RecQ helicases in NHEJ, alternative (or back-up) NHEJ (B-NHEJ) and microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) in V(D)J recombination, class switch recombination and telomere maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Keijzers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark and
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Genome-wide association analysis in East Asians identifies breast cancer susceptibility loci at 1q32.1, 5q14.3 and 15q26.1. Nat Genet 2014; 46:886-90. [PMID: 25038754 PMCID: PMC4127632 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In a three-stage genome-wide association study among East Asian women including 22,780 cases and 24,181 controls, we identified three novel genetic loci associated with breast cancer risk, including rs4951011 at 1q32.1 (in intron 2 of the ZC3H11A gene, P = 8.82 × 10−9), rs10474352 at 5q14.3 (near the ARRDC3 gene, P = 1.67 × 10−9), and rs2290203 at 15q26.1 (in intron 14 of the PRC1 gene, P = 4.25 × 10−8). These associations were replicated in European-ancestry populations including 16,003 cases and 41,335 controls (P = 0.030, 0.004, and 0.010, respectively). Data from the ENCODE project suggest that variants rs4951011 and rs10474352 may be located in an enhancer region and transcription factor binding sites, respectively. This study provides additional insights into the genetics and biology of breast cancer.
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Yee Ko JM, Dai W, Wun Wong EH, Kwong D, Tong Ng W, Lee A, Kai Cheong Ngan R, Chung Yau C, Tung S, Li Lung M. Multigene pathway-based analyses identify nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk associations for cumulative adverse effects ofTERT-CLPTM1Land DNA double-strand breaks repair. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:1634-45. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Mun Yee Ko
- Department of Clinical Oncology; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Oncology; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Elibe Hiu Wun Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Dora Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Center for Cancer Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Tong Ng
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Oncology; Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital; Chai Wan Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Anne Lee
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Oncology; Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital; Shenzhen People's Republic of China
| | - Roger Kai Cheong Ngan
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Oncology; Queen Elizabeth Hospital; Kowloon Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chung Yau
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; Princess Margaret Hospital; Kwai Chung Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Stewart Tung
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Oncology; Tuen Mun Hospital; Tuen Mun Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Department of Clinical Oncology; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Center for Cancer Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
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Association study of germline variants in CCNB1 and CDK1 with breast cancer susceptibility, progression, and survival among Chinese Han women. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84489. [PMID: 24386390 PMCID: PMC3873991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The CCNB1 and CDK1 genes encode the proteins of CyclinB1 and CDK1 respectively, which interact with each other and are involved in cell cycle regulation, centrosome duplication and chromosome segregation. This study aimed to investigate whether the genetic variants in these two genes may affect breast cancer (BC) susceptibility, progression, and survival in Chinese Han population using haplotype-based analysis. A total of ten tSNPs spanning from 2kb upstream to 2kb downstream of these genes were genotyped in 1204 cases and 1204 age-matched cancer-free controls. The haplotype blocks were determined according to our genotyping data and linkage disequilibrium (LD) status of these SNPs. For CCNB1, rs2069429 was significantly associated with increased BC susceptibility under recessive model (OR=2.352, 95%CI=1.480-3.737), so was the diplotype TAGT/TAGT (OR=1.947 95%CI=1.154-3.284, P=0.013). In addition, rs164390 was associated with Her2-negative BC. For CDK1, rs2448343 and rs1871446 were significantly associated with decreased BC risk under dominant models, so was the haplotype ATATT. These two SNPs also showed a dose-dependent effect on BC susceptibility. Using stratified association analysis, we found that women with the heterozygotes or minor allele homozygotes of rs2448343 had much less BC susceptibility among women with BMI<23. In CDK1, three closely located SNPs, rs2448343, rs3213048 and rs3213067, were significantly associated with tumor’s PR status: the heterozygotes of rs2448343 were associated with PR-positive tumors, while the minor allele homozygotes of rs3213048 and heterozygotes of rs3213067 were associated with PR-negative BC tumors. In survival analysis, rs1871446 was associated with unfavorable event-free survival under recessive model, so was the CDK1 diplotype ATATG/ATATG, which carried the minor allele homozygote of rs1871446. Our study indicates that genetic polymorphisms of CCNB1 and CDK1 are related to BC susceptibility, progression, and survival in Chinese Han women. Further studies need to be performed in other populations as an independent replication to verify these results.
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Herrera VL, Ponce LR, Ruiz-Opazo N. Multiple susceptibility loci for radiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis in F2[Dahl S x R]-intercross rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72143. [PMID: 23967281 PMCID: PMC3743793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although two major breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified accounting for 20% of breast cancer genetic risk, identification of other susceptibility genes accounting for 80% risk remains a challenge due to the complex, multi-factorial nature of breast cancer. Complexity derives from multiple genetic determinants, permutations of gene-environment interactions, along with presumptive low-penetrance of breast cancer predisposing genes, and genetic heterogeneity of human populations. As with other complex diseases, dissection of genetic determinants in animal models provides key insight since genetic heterogeneity and environmental factors can be experimentally controlled, thus facilitating the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL). We therefore, performed the first genome-wide scan for loci contributing to radiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis in female F2-(Dahl S x R)-intercross rats. Tumorigenesis was measured as tumor burden index (TBI) after induction of rat mammary tumors at forty days of age via 127Cs-radiation. We observed a spectrum of tumor latency, size-progression, and pathology from poorly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma to fibroadenoma, indicating major effects of gene-environment interactions. We identified two mammary tumorigenesis susceptibility quantitative trait loci (Mts-QTLs) with significant linkage: Mts-1 on chromosome-9 (LOD-2.98) and Mts-2 on chromosome-1 (LOD-2.61), as well as two Mts-QTLs with suggestive linkage: Mts-3 on chromosome-5 (LOD-1.93) and Mts-4 on chromosome-18 (LOD-1.54). Interestingly, Chr9-Mts-1, Chr5-Mts-3 and Chr18-Mts-4 QTLs are unique to irradiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis, while Chr1-Mts-2 QTL overlaps with a mammary cancer susceptibility QTL (Mcs 3) reported for 7,12-dimethylbenz-[α]antracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis in F2[COP x Wistar-Furth]-intercross rats. Altogether, our results suggest at least three distinct susceptibility QTLs for irradiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis not detected in genetic studies of chemically-induced and hormone-induced mammary tumorigenesis. While more study is needed to identify the specific Mts-gene variants, elucidation of specific variant(s) could establish causal gene pathways involved in mammary tumorigenesis in humans, and hence novel pathways for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Herrera
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Zheng W, Zhang B, Cai Q, Sung H, Michailidou K, Shi J, Choi JY, Long J, Dennis J, Humphreys MK, Wang Q, Lu W, Gao YT, Li C, Cai H, Park SK, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Han W, Dunning AM, Benitez J, Vincent D, Bacot F, Tessier D, Kim SW, Lee MH, Lee JW, Lee JY, Xiang YB, Zheng Y, Wang W, Ji BT, Matsuo K, Ito H, Iwata H, Tanaka H, Wu AH, Tseng CC, Van Den Berg D, Stram DO, Teo SH, Yip CH, Kang IN, Wong TY, Shen CY, Yu JC, Huang CS, Hou MF, Hartman M, Miao H, Lee SC, Putti TC, Muir K, Lophatananon A, Stewart-Brown S, Siriwanarangsan P, Sangrajrang S, Shen H, Chen K, Wu PE, Ren Z, Haiman CA, Sueta A, Kim MK, Khoo US, Iwasaki M, Pharoah PDP, Wen W, Hall P, Shu XO, Easton DF, Kang D. Common genetic determinants of breast-cancer risk in East Asian women: a collaborative study of 23 637 breast cancer cases and 25 579 controls. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:2539-50. [PMID: 23535825 PMCID: PMC3658167 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a consortium including 23 637 breast cancer patients and 25 579 controls of East Asian ancestry, we investigated 70 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 67 independent breast cancer susceptibility loci recently identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) conducted primarily in European-ancestry populations. SNPs in 31 loci showed an association with breast cancer risk at P < 0.05 in a direction consistent with that reported previously. Twenty-one of them remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni-corrected significance level of <0.0015. Eight of the 70 SNPs showed a significantly different association with breast cancer risk by estrogen receptor (ER) status at P < 0.05. With the exception of rs2046210 at 6q25.1, the seven other SNPs showed a stronger association with ER-positive than ER-negative cancer. This study replicated all five genetic risk variants initially identified in Asians and provided evidence for associations of breast cancer risk in the East Asian population with nearly half of the genetic risk variants initially reported in GWASs conducted in European descendants. Taken together, these common genetic risk variants explain ~10% of excess familial risk of breast cancer in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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Abstract
DNA repair by homologous recombination is one of the main processes of DNA double strand breaks repair. In the present work we performed a case-control study (304 cases and 319 controls) to check an association between the genotypes of the c.-61 G>T and the g.38922 C>G polymorphisms of the RAD51 gene and the g.96267 A>C and the g.85394 A>G polymorphisms of the BLM gene and breast cancer occurrence. Genotypes were determined in DNA from peripheral blood by PCR-RLFP and by PCR-CTPP. We observed an association between breast cancer occurrence and the T/G genotype (OR 4.41) of the c.-61 G>T-RAD51 polymorphism, the A/A genotype (OR 1.69) of the g.85394 A>G-BLM polymorphism and the A/A genotype (OR 2.49) of the g.96267 A>C-BLM polymorphism. Moreover, we demonstrated a correlation between intra- and intergenes genotypes combinations and breast cancer occurrence. We found a correlation between progesterone receptor expression and the T/G genotype (OR 0.57) of the c.-61 G>T- RAD51 polymorphism. We also found a correlation between the T/G genotype (OR 1.86) and the T/T genotype (OR 0.56) of the c.-61 G>T- RAD51 polymorphism and the lymph node metastasis. We showed an association between the A/A genotype (OR 2.45) and the A/C genotype (OR 0.41) of the g.96267 A>C-BLM polymorphism and G3 grade of tumor. Our results suggest that the variability of the RAD51 and BLM genes may play a role in breast cancer occurrence. This role may be underlined by a common interaction between these genes.
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Han JY, Wang H, Xie YT, Li Y, Zheng LY, Ruan Y, Song AP, Tian XX, Fang WG. Association of germline variation in CCNE1 and CDK2 with breast cancer risk, progression and survival among Chinese Han women. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49296. [PMID: 23185313 PMCID: PMC3504019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic alterations of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)-cyclin E complex have been shown to contribute to breast cancer (BC) development and progression. This study aimed to explore the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CDK2 and CCNE1 (a gene encoding G1/S specific cyclin E1 protein, formerly called cyclin E) on BC risk, progression and survival in a Chinese Han population. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We herein genotyped 6 haplotype-tagging SNPs (htSNPs) of CCNE1 and 2 htSNPs of CDK2 in 1207 BC cases and 1207 age-matched controls among Chinese Han women, and then reconstructed haplotype blocks according to our genotyping data and linkage disequilibrium status of these htSNPs. For CCNE1, the minor allele homozygotes of three htSNPs were associated with BC risk (rs3218035: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69-6.67; rs3218038: aOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.22-2.70; rs3218042: aOR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.31-5.34), and these three loci showed a dose-dependent manner in increasing BC risk (P(trend) = 0.0001). Moreover, the 5-SNP haplotype CCGTC, which carried none of minor alleles of the 3 at-risk SNPs, was associated with a favorable event-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.32-0.90). Stratified analysis suggested that the minor-allele homozygote carriers of rs3218038 had a worse event-free survival among patients with aggressive tumours (in tumour size>2 cm group: HR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.06-3.99; in positive lymph node metastasis group: HR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.15-5.03; in stage II-IV group: HR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.09-3.79). For CDK2, no significant association was found. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study indicates that genetic variants in CCNE1 may contribute to BC risk and survival in Chinese Han population. They may become molecular markers for individual evaluation of BC susceptibility and prognosis. Nevertheless, further validation studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yuan Han
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Yun-Tao Xie
- Breast Center, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Li-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Ai-Ping Song
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xia Tian
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
| | - Wei-Gang Fang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People' Republic of China
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Non-Bloom syndrome-associated partial and total loss-of-function variants of BLM helicase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:19357-62. [PMID: 23129629 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210304109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bloom syndrome (BS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the RecQ-like DNA helicase BLM, which functions in the maintenance of genome stability. Using a humanized model of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that expresses a chimera of the N terminus of yeast Sgs1 and the C terminus of human BLM from the chromosomal SGS1 locus, we have functionally evaluated 27 BLM alleles that are not currently known to be associated with BS. We identified nine alleles with impaired function when assessed for hypersensitivity to the DNA-damaging agent hydroxyurea (HU). Six of these alleles (P690L, R717T, W803R, Y811C, F857L, G972V) caused sensitivity to HU that was comparable to known BS-associated or helicase-dead alleles, suggesting that they may cause BS and, in the heterozygous state, act as risk factors for cancerogenesis. We also identified three alleles (R791C, P868L, G1120R) that caused intermediate sensitivity to HU; although unlikely to cause BS, these partial loss-of-function alleles may increase risk for cancers or other BS-associated complications if a person is homozygous or compound heterozygous for these alleles or if they carry a known BS-associated allele.
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Lambrechts D, Truong T, Justenhoven C, Humphreys MK, Wang J, Hopper JL, Dite GS, Apicella C, Southey MC, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Cornelissen S, van Hien R, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Miller N, Milne RL, Zamora MP, Arias Pérez JI, Benítez J, Hamann U, Ko YD, Brüning T, Chang-Claude J, Eilber U, Hein R, Nickels S, Flesch-Janys D, Wang-Gohrke S, John EM, Miron A, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Chen X, Menegaux F, Cordina-Duverger E, Shen CY, Yu JC, Wu PE, Hou MF, Andrulis IL, Selander T, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Muir KR, Lophatananon A, Rattanamongkongul S, Puttawibul P, Jones M, Orr N, Ashworth A, Swerdlow A, Severi G, Baglietto L, Giles G, Southey M, Marmé F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Burwinkel B, Yesilyurt BT, Neven P, Paridaens R, Wildiers H, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Meindl A, Schott S, Bartram CR, Schmutzler RK, Cox A, Brock IW, Elliott G, Cross SS, Fasching PA, Schulz-Wendtland R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Fletcher O, Johnson N, Silva IDS, Peto J, Nevanlinna H, Muranen TA, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Bremer M, Hillemanns P, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Rogov YI, Karstens JH, Khusnutdinova E, Bermisheva M, Prokofieva D, Gancev S, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Lanng C, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Bernard L, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Alnæs GG, Kristensen V, Børresen-Dale AL, Devilee P, Tollenaar RA, Seynaeve CM, Hooning MJ, García-Closas M, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Hall P, Liu J, Czene K, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Dunning AM, Pharoah PD, Easton DF, Guénel P, Brauch H. 11q13 is a susceptibility locus for hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:1123-32. [PMID: 22461340 PMCID: PMC3370081 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A recent two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified five novel breast cancer susceptibility loci on chromosomes 9, 10, and 11. To provide more reliable estimates of the relative risk associated with these loci and investigate possible heterogeneity by subtype of breast cancer, we genotyped the variants rs2380205, rs1011970, rs704010, rs614367, and rs10995190 in 39 studies from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), involving 49,608 cases and 48,772 controls of predominantly European ancestry. Four of the variants showed clear evidence of association (P ≤ 3 × 10(-9) ) and weak evidence was observed for rs2380205 (P = 0.06). The strongest evidence was obtained for rs614367, located on 11q13 (per-allele odds ratio 1.21, P = 4 × 10(-39) ). The association for rs614367 was specific to estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease and strongest for ER plus progesterone receptor (PR)-positive breast cancer, whereas the associations for the other three loci did not differ by tumor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Therese Truong
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Christina Justenhoven
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manjeet K. Humphreys
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jean Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John L. Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gillian S. Dite
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard van Hien
- Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Kerin
- Clinical Science Institute. University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Miller
- Clinical Science Institute. University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Pilar Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - The GENICA Network
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany; Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, German
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursel Eilber
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA and Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Florence Menegaux
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Emilie Cordina-Duverger
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario; Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa Selander
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Kenneth R. Muir
- Health Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Health Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
| | - Suthee Rattanamongkongul
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Srinakhrainwirot University, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | - Puttisak Puttawibul
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, Prince Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Michael Jones
- Section of Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Nicholas Orr
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Section of Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham Giles
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa Southey
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Federik Marmé
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Sohn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Paridaens
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Müller
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Schott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus R. Bartram
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Division of Molecular Gyneco-Oncology, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela Cox
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Ian W. Brock
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Graeme Elliott
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, UK; current address: University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon S. Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Nichola Johnson
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Julian Peto
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru A. Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Schürmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Bremer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalia V. Bogdanova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Yuri I. Rogov
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Johann H. Karstens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Marina Bermisheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Darya Prokofieva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Lanng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio and Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa Kataja
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio and Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio and Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana M. Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio and Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy and IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy and IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Loris Bernard
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy and Consortium for Genomics Technology (Cogentech) Milan, Italy
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Grethe Grenaker Alnæs
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), UiO, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), UiO, Norway
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, and Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Caroline M. Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mark E. Sherman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daehee Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Germany
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Ma X, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Lu W, Shi J, Xiang YB, Cai Q, Shen H, Shen CY, Ren Z, Matsuo K, Khoo US, Iwasaki M, Long J, Zhang B, Ji BT, Zheng Y, Wang W, Hu Z, Liu Y, Wu PE, Shieh YL, Wang S, Xie X, Ito H, Kasuga Y, Chan KY, Iwata H, Tsugane S, Gao YT, Shu XO, Moses HL, Zheng W. Pathway analyses identify TGFBR2 as potential breast cancer susceptibility gene: results from a consortium study among Asians. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1176-84. [PMID: 22539603 PMCID: PMC3810157 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TGF-β signaling pathway plays a significant role in the carcinogenic process of breast cancer. METHODS We systematically evaluated associations of common variants in TGF-β signaling pathway genes with breast cancer risk using a multistage, case-control study among Asian women. RESULTS In the first stage, 341 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with minor allele frequencies ≥ 0.05 across 11 genes were evaluated among 2,926 cases and 2,380 controls recruited as a part of the Shanghai Breast Cancer Genetics Study (SBCGS). In the second stage, 20 SNPs with promising associations were evaluated among an additional 1,890 cases and 2,000 controls from the SBCGS. One variant, TGFBR2 rs1078985, had highly consistent and significant associations with breast cancer risk among participants in both study stages, as well as promising results from in silico analysis. Additional genotyping was carried out among 2,475 cases and 2,343 controls from the SBCGS, as well as among 5,077 cases and 5,384 controls from six studies in the Asian Breast Cancer Consortium (stage III). Pooled analysis of all data indicated that minor allele homozygotes (GG) of TGFBR2 rs1078985 had a 24% reduced risk of breast cancer compared with major allele carriers (AG or AA; OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65-0.89; P = 8.42 × 10(-4)). CONCLUSION These findings support a role for common genetic variation in TGF-β signaling pathway genes, specifically in TGFBR2, in breast cancer susceptibility. IMPACT These findings may provide new insights into the etiology of breast cancer as well as future potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ma
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Visiting from Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Shi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zefang Ren
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ui Soon Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ben Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lan Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shenming Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasuga
- Department of Surgery, Nagano Matsushiro General Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kelvin Y.K. Chan
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hiroji Iwata
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harold L. Moses
- Department of Cancer Biology, Medicine and Pathology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Long J, Cai Q, Sung H, Shi J, Zhang B, Choi JY, Wen W, Delahanty RJ, Lu W, Gao YT, Shen H, Park SK, Chen K, Shen CY, Ren Z, Haiman CA, Matsuo K, Kim MK, Khoo US, Iwasaki M, Zheng Y, Xiang YB, Gu K, Rothman N, Wang W, Hu Z, Liu Y, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Han BG, Lee MH, Zheng H, Zhang L, Wu PE, Shieh YL, Chan SY, Wang S, Xie X, Kim SW, Henderson BE, Le Marchand L, Ito H, Kasuga Y, Ahn SH, Kang HS, Chan KYK, Iwata H, Tsugane S, Li C, Shu XO, Kang DH, Zheng W. Genome-wide association study in east Asians identifies novel susceptibility loci for breast cancer. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002532. [PMID: 22383897 PMCID: PMC3285588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of both sporadic and familial breast cancer. We aimed to discover novel genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer. We conducted a four-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 19,091 cases and 20,606 controls of East-Asian descent including Chinese, Korean, and Japanese women. After analyzing 690,947 SNPs in 2,918 cases and 2,324 controls, we evaluated 5,365 SNPs for replication in 3,972 cases and 3,852 controls. Ninety-four SNPs were further evaluated in 5,203 cases and 5,138 controls, and finally the top 22 SNPs were investigated in up to 17,423 additional subjects (7,489 cases and 9,934 controls). SNP rs9485372, near the TGF-β activated kinase (TAB2) gene in chromosome 6q25.1, showed a consistent association with breast cancer risk across all four stages, with a P-value of 3.8×10−12 in the combined analysis of all samples. Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.89 (0.85–0.94) and 0.80 (0.75–0.86) for the A/G and A/A genotypes, respectively, compared with the genotype G/G. SNP rs9383951 (P = 1.9×10−6 from the combined analysis of all samples), located in intron 5 of the ESR1 gene, and SNP rs7107217 (P = 4.6×10−7), located at 11q24.3, also showed a consistent association in each of the four stages. This study provides strong evidence for a novel breast cancer susceptibility locus represented by rs9485372, near the TAB2 gene (6q25.1), and identifies two possible susceptibility loci located in the ESR1 gene and 11q24.3, respectively. Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of breast cancer. To identify common genetic susceptibility alleles for breast cancer, we performed a four-stage genome-wide association study in 19,091 cases and 20,606 controls among East-Asian women. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9485372, near the TGF-beta activated kinase 1 (TAB2) gene at chromosome 6q25.1, was associated with breast cancer risk (P = 3.8×10−12). SNPs rs9383951, located in intron 5 of the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene, and rs7107217, located at 11q24.3, were also consistently associated with breast cancer risk in all four stages with a combined P of 1.9×10−6 and 4.6×10−7, respectively. This study provides strong evidence for a novel breast cancer susceptibility locus represented by rs9485372, near the TAB2 gene (6q25.1), and identifies two possible susceptibility loci located in the ESR1 gene and 11q24.3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Hyuna Sung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiajun Shi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ben Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ryan J. Delahanty
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sue K. Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zefang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Breast Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Ui Soon Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bok-Ghee Han
- Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lan Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sum Yin Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shenming Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Brian E. Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasuga
- Department of Surgery, Nagano Matsushiro General Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Breast Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Han Sung Kang
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Breast Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Kelvin Y. K. Chan
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hiroji Iwata
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Dae-Hee Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Milne RL, Lorenzo-Bermejo J, Burwinkel B, Malats N, Arias JI, Zamora MP, Benítez J, Humphreys MK, García-Closas M, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Irwanto AK, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Flyger H, Margolin S, Lindblom A, Fasching PA, Schulz-Wendtland R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Wang-Gohrke S, Shen CY, Yu JC, Hsu HM, Wu PE, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, English DR, Cox A, Brock I, Elliott G, Reed MWR, Beesley J, Chen X, Investigators K, Fletcher O, Gibson L, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Frank B, Heil J, Meindl A, Chang-Claude J, Hein R, Vrieling A, Flesch-Janys D, Southey MC, Smith L, Apicella C, Hopper JL, Dunning AM, Pooley KA, Pharoah PDP, Hamann U, Pesch B, Ko YD, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. 7q21-rs6964587 and breast cancer risk: an extended case-control study by the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. J Med Genet 2011; 48:698-702. [PMID: 21931171 PMCID: PMC3371608 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, the authors previously reported that the single nucleotide polymorphism 7q21-rs6964587 (AKAP9-M463I) is associated with breast cancer risk. The authors have now assessed this association more comprehensively using 16 independent case-control studies. METHODS The authors genotyped 14,843 invasive case patients and 19,852 control subjects with white European ancestry and 2595 invasive case patients and 2192 control subjects with Asian ancestry. ORs were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for study. Heterogeneity in ORs was assessed by fitting interaction terms or by subclassifying case patients and applying polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS For white European women, the minor T allele of 7q21-rs6964587 was associated with breast cancer risk under a recessive model (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.13, p = 0.04). Results were inconclusive for Asian women. From a combined analysis of 24 154 case patients and 33,376 control subjects of white European ancestry from the present and previous series, the best-fitting model was recessive, with an estimated OR of 1.08 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.13, p = 0.001). The OR was greater at younger ages (p trend = 0.01). CONCLUSION This may be the first common susceptibility allele for breast cancer to be identified with a recessive mode of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28039 Madrid, Spain.
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Cai Q, Long J, Lu W, Qu S, Wen W, Kang D, Lee JY, Chen K, Shen H, Shen CY, Sung H, Matsuo K, Haiman CA, Khoo US, Ren Z, Iwasaki M, Gu K, Xiang YB, Choi JY, Park SK, Zhang L, Hu Z, Wu PE, Noh DY, Tajima K, Henderson BE, Chan KYK, Su F, Kasuga Y, Wang W, Cheng JR, Yoo KY, Lee JY, Zheng H, Liu Y, Shieh YL, Kim SW, Lee JW, Iwata H, Le Marchand L, Chan SY, Xie X, Tsugane S, Lee MH, Wang S, Li G, Levy S, Huang B, Shi J, Delahanty R, Zheng Y, Li C, Gao YT, Shu XO, Zheng W. Genome-wide association study identifies breast cancer risk variant at 10q21.2: results from the Asia Breast Cancer Consortium. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4991-9. [PMID: 21908515 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although approximately 20 common genetic susceptibility loci have been identified for breast cancer risk through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), genetic risk variants reported to date explain only a small fraction of heritability for this common cancer. We conducted a four-stage GWAS including 17 153 cases and 16 943 controls among East-Asian women to search for new genetic risk factors for breast cancer. After analyzing 684 457 SNPs in 2062 cases and 2066 controls (Stage I), we selected for replication among 5969 Chinese women (4146 cases and 1823 controls) the top 49 SNPs that had neither been reported previously nor were in strong linkage disequilibrium with reported SNPs (Stage II). Three SNPs were further evaluated in up to 13 152 Chinese and Japanese women (6436 cases and 6716 controls) (Stage III). Finally, two SNPs were evaluated in 10 847 Korean women (4509 cases and 6338 controls) (Stage IV). SNP rs10822013 on chromosome 10q21.2, located in the zinc finger protein 365 (ZNF365) gene, showed a consistent association with breast cancer risk in all four stages with a combined per-risk allele odds ratio of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07-1.14) (P-value for trend = 5.87 × 10(-9)). In vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated the potential functional significance of rs10822013. Our results strongly implicate rs10822013 at 10q21.2 as a genetic risk variant for breast cancer among East-Asian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203-1738, USA
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30
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Ricks-Santi LJ, Sucheston LE, Yang Y, Freudenheim JL, Isaacs CJ, Schwartz MD, Dumitrescu RG, Marian C, Nie J, Vito D, Edge SB, Shields PG. Association of Rad51 polymorphism with DNA repair in BRCA1 mutation carriers and sporadic breast cancer risk. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:278. [PMID: 21708019 PMCID: PMC3146938 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity is thought to modulate breast cancer risk. The phenotypic mutagen sensitivity assay (MSA) measures DNA strand breaks in lymphocytes; women with familial and sporadic breast cancers have a higher mean number of breaks per cell (MBPC) than women without breast cancer. Here, we explore the relationships between the MSA and the Rad51 gene, which encodes a DNA repair enzyme that interacts with BRCA1 and BRCA2, in BRCA1 mutation carriers and women with sporadic breast cancer. METHODS Peripheral blood lymphoblasts from women with known BRCA1 mutations underwent the MSA (n = 138 among 20 families). BRCA1 and Rad51 genotyping and sequencing were performed to identify SNPs and haplotypes associated with the MSA. Positive associations from the study in high-risk families were subsequently examined in a population-based case-control study of breast cancer (n = 1170 cases and 2115 controls). RESULTS Breast cancer diagnosis was significantly associated with the MSA among women from BRCA1 families (OR = 3.2 95%CI: 1.5-6.7; p = 0.004). The Rad51 5'UTR 135 C>G genotype (OR = 3.64; 95% CI: 1.38, 9.54; p = 0.02), one BRCA1 haplotype (p = 0.03) and in a polygenic model, the E1038G and Q356R BRCA1 SNPs were significantly associated with MBPC (p = 0.009 and 0.002, respectively). The Rad51 5'UTR 135C genotype was not associated with breast cancer risk in the population-based study. CONCLUSIONS Mutagen sensitivity might be a useful biomarker of penetrance among women with BRCA1 mutations because the MSA phenotype is partially explained by genetic variants in BRCA1 and Rad51.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisel J Ricks-Santi
- Howard University Cancer Center, 2041 Georgia Ave, NW Washington, DC 20060, USA
- National Human Genome Center at Howard University, 2041 Georgia Ave, NW #615, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Lara E Sucheston
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Cancer, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jo L Freudenheim
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Claudine J Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Cancer, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Marc D Schwartz
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Cancer, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Ramona G Dumitrescu
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Cancer, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Catalin Marian
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Cancer, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Dominica Vito
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Stephen B Edge
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Peter G Shields
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Cancer, 3800 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Ruan Y, Song AP, Wang H, Xie YT, Han JY, Sajdik C, Tian XX, Fang WG. Genetic polymorphisms in AURKA and BRCA1 are associated with breast cancer susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. J Pathol 2011; 225:535-43. [PMID: 21598251 DOI: 10.1002/path.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Centrosome defects can result in aneuploidy and genomic instability, and have important implications for breast cancer development. The Aurora-A and BRCA1 proteins interact and both are strongly involved in centrosome regulation. Genetic variants in these two genes may have an effect on breast cancer development. Here, we report a comprehensive single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype-tagging association study on these two genes in 1334 breast cancer cases and 1568 unaffected controls among the Chinese Han population. Apart from a missense SNP, rs2273535 (Phe31Ile), and a probable risk SNP, rs2064863, six htSNPs were analysed in three high-LD blocks of AURKA spanning from 10 kb upstream to 2 kb downstream of AURKA. For BRCA1, six htSNPs were analysed in a large high-LD region covering 98 kb (10 kb was extended to each end of BRCA1). The results showed that four SNPs in AURKA (data in recessive model, rs2273535: OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.03-4.66, p = 0.0422; rs2298016: OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.18-0.82, p = 0.0141; rs6024836: OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.18-2.00, p = 0.0014; rs10485805: OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.47-0.98, p = 0.0380) and one SNP in BRCA1 (rs3737559, dominant model OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.11-1.64, p = 0.0030) were associated with breast cancer susceptibility. After correction for multiple comparisons (FDR = 0.05), only rs6024836 and rs3737559 remained significant. Two haplotypes (CC of block 2, OR = 20.74, 95% CI = 4.35-98.88, p = 0.0001; GG of block 3, OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.12-1.56, p = 0.0010) and one diplotype (AG-GG of block 3, OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.18-2.26, p = 0.0031) within AURKA showed strong associations with breast cancer risk. One haplotype of BRCA1 (CTGTTG, OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.06-1.59, p = 0.0118) was also associated with breast cancer risk. However, women harbouring both at-risk genotypes of Aurora-A and BRCA1 were at a slightly increased risk compared with those harbouring either at-risk variant alone. Common genetic variants in the AURKA and BRCA1 genes may contribute to breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ruan
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Sino-Austrian Centre for Biomarker Discovery, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
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32
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Cai Q, Wen W, Qu S, Li G, Egan KM, Chen K, Deming SL, Shen H, Shen CY, Gammon MD, Blot WJ, Matsuo K, Haiman CA, Khoo US, Iwasaki M, Santella RM, Zhang L, Fair AM, Hu Z, Wu PE, Signorello LB, Titus-Ernstoff L, Tajima K, Henderson BE, Chan KYK, Kasuga Y, Newcomb PA, Zheng H, Cui Y, Wang F, Shieh YL, Iwata H, Le Marchand L, Chan SY, Shrubsole MJ, Trentham-Dietz A, Tsugane S, Garcia-Closas M, Long J, Li C, Shi J, Huang B, Xiang YB, Gao YT, Lu W, Shu XO, Zheng W. Replication and functional genomic analyses of the breast cancer susceptibility locus at 6q25.1 generalize its importance in women of chinese, Japanese, and European ancestry. Cancer Res 2011; 71:1344-55. [PMID: 21303983 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the generalizability of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2046210 (A/G allele), associated with breast cancer risk that was initially identified at 6q25.1 in a genome-wide association study conducted among Chinese women. In a pooled analysis of more than 31,000 women of East-Asian, European, and African ancestry, we found a positive association for rs2046210 and breast cancer risk in Chinese women [ORs (95% CI) = 1.30 (1.22-1.38) and 1.64 (1.50-1.80) for the AG and AA genotypes, respectively, P for trend = 1.54 × 10⁻³⁰], Japanese women [ORs (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.13-1.52) and 1.37 (1.06-1.76), P for trend = 2.51 × 10⁻⁴], and European-ancestry American women [ORs (95% CI) = 1.07 (0.99-1.16) and 1.18 (1.04-1.34), P for trend = 0.0069]. No association with this SNP, however, was observed in African American women [ORs (95% CI) = 0.81 (0.63-1.06) and 0.85 (0.65-1.11) for the AG and AA genotypes, respectively, P for trend = 0.4027]. In vitro functional genomic studies identified a putative functional variant, rs6913578. This SNP is 1,440 bp downstream of rs2046210 and is in high linkage disequilibrium with rs2046210 in Chinese (r(2) = 0.91) and European-ancestry (r² = 0.83) populations, but not in Africans (r² = 0.57). SNP rs6913578 was found to be associated with breast cancer risk in Chinese and European-ancestry American women. After adjusting for rs2046210, the association of rs6913578 with breast cancer risk in African Americans approached borderline significance. Results from this large consortium study confirmed the association of rs2046210 with breast cancer risk among women of Chinese, Japanese, and European ancestry. This association may be explained in part by a putatively functional variant (rs6913578) identified in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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Yang XR, Chang-Claude J, Goode EL, Couch FJ, Nevanlinna H, Milne RL, Gaudet M, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Cox A, Fasching PA, Hein R, Spurdle AB, Blows F, Driver K, Flesch-Janys D, Heinz J, Sinn P, Vrieling A, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Heikkilä P, Blomqvist C, Lissowska J, Peplonska B, Chanock S, Figueroa J, Brinton L, Hall P, Czene K, Humphreys K, Darabi H, Liu J, Van 't Veer LJ, van Leeuwen FE, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Knight JA, Mulligan AM, O'Malley FP, Weerasooriya N, John EM, Beckmann MW, Hartmann A, Weihbrecht SB, Wachter DL, Jud SM, Loehberg CR, Baglietto L, English DR, Giles GG, McLean CA, Severi G, Lambrechts D, Vandorpe T, Weltens C, Paridaens R, Smeets A, Neven P, Wildiers H, Wang X, Olson JE, Cafourek V, Fredericksen Z, Kosel M, Vachon C, Cramp HE, Connley D, Cross SS, Balasubramanian SP, Reed MWR, Dörk T, Bremer M, Meyer A, Karstens JH, Ay A, Park-Simon TW, Hillemanns P, Arias Pérez JI, Menéndez Rodríguez P, Zamora P, Benítez J, Ko YD, Fischer HP, Hamann U, Pesch B, Brüning T, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Eccles DM, Tapper WJ, Gerty SM, Sawyer EJ, Tomlinson IP, Jones A, Kerin M, Miller N, McInerney N, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Shen CY, Hsiung CN, Wu PE, Yang SL, Yu JC, Chen ST, Hsu GC, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Jakubowska A, Lubiński J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Górski B, Gronwald J, Hooning MJ, Hollestelle A, van den Ouweland AMW, Jager A, Kriege M, Tilanus-Linthorst MMA, Collée M, Wang-Gohrke S, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Mononen K, Grip M, Hirvikoski P, Winqvist R, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Kauppinen J, Kataja V, Auvinen P, Soini Y, Sironen R, Bojesen SE, Ørsted DD, Kaur-Knudsen D, Flyger H, Nordestgaard BG, Holland H, Chenevix-Trench G, Manoukian S, Barile M, Radice P, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Tamimi R, Sangrajrang S, Brennan P, McKay J, Odefrey F, Gaborieau V, Devilee P, Huijts PEA, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Dite GS, Apicella C, Hopper JL, Hammet F, Tsimiklis H, Smith LD, Southey MC, Humphreys MK, Easton D, Pharoah P, Sherman ME, Garcia-Closas M. Associations of breast cancer risk factors with tumor subtypes: a pooled analysis from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103:250-63. [PMID: 21191117 PMCID: PMC3107570 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that breast cancer risk factors are associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression status of the tumors. METHODS We pooled tumor marker and epidemiological risk factor data from 35,568 invasive breast cancer case patients from 34 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Logistic regression models were used in case-case analyses to estimate associations between epidemiological risk factors and tumor subtypes, and case-control analyses to estimate associations between epidemiological risk factors and the risk of developing specific tumor subtypes in 12 population-based studies. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS In case-case analyses, of the epidemiological risk factors examined, early age at menarche (≤12 years) was less frequent in case patients with PR(-) than PR(+) tumors (P = .001). Nulliparity (P = 3 × 10(-6)) and increasing age at first birth (P = 2 × 10(-9)) were less frequent in ER(-) than in ER(+) tumors. Obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) in younger women (≤50 years) was more frequent in ER(-)/PR(-) than in ER(+)/PR(+) tumors (P = 1 × 10(-7)), whereas obesity in older women (>50 years) was less frequent in PR(-) than in PR(+) tumors (P = 6 × 10(-4)). The triple-negative (ER(-)/PR(-)/HER2(-)) or core basal phenotype (CBP; triple-negative and cytokeratins [CK]5/6(+) and/or epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR](+)) accounted for much of the heterogeneity in parity-related variables and BMI in younger women. Case-control analyses showed that nulliparity, increasing age at first birth, and obesity in younger women showed the expected associations with the risk of ER(+) or PR(+) tumors but not triple-negative (nulliparity vs parity, odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75 to 1.19, P = .61; 5-year increase in age at first full-term birth, OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.86 to 1.05, P = .34; obesity in younger women, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.94, P = .09) or CBP tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that reproductive factors and BMI are most clearly associated with hormone receptor-positive tumors and suggest that triple-negative or CBP tumors may have distinct etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong R Yang
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
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Genetic variation in the genome-wide predicted estrogen response element-related sequences is associated with breast cancer development. Breast Cancer Res 2011; 13:R13. [PMID: 21281495 PMCID: PMC3109581 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Estrogen forms a complex with the estrogen receptor (ER) that binds to estrogen response elements (EREs) in the promoter region of estrogen-responsive genes, regulates their transcription, and consequently mediates physiological or tumorigenic effects. Thus, sequence variants in EREs have the potential to affect the estrogen-ER-ERE interaction. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that genetic variations of EREs are associated with breast cancer development. Methods This case-control study involved 815 patients of Asian descent with incident breast cancer and 821 healthy female controls. A total of 13,737 ERE sites in the whole genome predicted by a genome-wide computational algorithm were blasted with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequences. Twenty-one SNPs located within 2,000 bp upstream or within introns 1 and 2 of putative genes and with a minor allele frequency greater than 5% were identified and genotyped. Frequencies of SNPs were compared between cases and controls to identify SNPs associated with cancer susceptibility. Results A significant combined effect of rs12539530, an ERE SNP in intron 2 of NRCAM which codes for a cell adhesion molecule, and SNPs of ESR1, the gene coding for ER, on breast cancer risk was found. Interestingly, this combined effect was more significant in women who had experienced a longer period of lifetime estrogen exposure, supporting a hormonal etiology of this SNP in breast tumorigenesis. Conclusions Our findings provide support for a role of genetic variation in ERE-ESR1 in determining susceptibility of breast cancer development.
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Wu PE, Shen CY. 'Hide-then-hit' to explain the importance of genotypic polymorphism of DNA repair genes in determining susceptibility to cancer. J Mol Cell Biol 2011; 3:59-65. [DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjq054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Williamson LM, Lees-Miller SP. Estrogen receptor α-mediated transcription induces cell cycle-dependent DNA double-strand breaks. Carcinogenesis 2010; 32:279-85. [PMID: 21112959 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to estrogen increases breast cancer risk. Estrogen is known to induce chromosomal aberrations, yet the mechanisms by which estrogen promotes genomic instability are not fully understood. Here, we show that exposure of MCF-7 cells to 17β-estradiol (E2) induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), as determined by the formation of γH2AX foci. Foci formation was dependent upon estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and the catalytic activity of the type II topoisomerase, topoisomerase IIβ (topoIIβ). Moreover, we show by chromatin immunoprecipitation that topoIIβ-dependent E2-induced γH2AX localizes to the promoter of the estrogen-inducible gene, trefoil factor 1. E2-induced foci were associated with cyclin A expression and inhibited by pre-incubation with the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin suggesting that E2-induced DSBs are mediated by progression through S phase. Furthermore, E2-induced γH2AX foci colocalized with Rad51, suggesting that E2-induced DSBs are repaired by homologous recombination. We propose that DNA DSBs formed by the strand-cleaving activity of the topoIIβ-DNA cleavage complex at estrogen-inducible genes can present a barrier to DNA replication, leading to persistent DNA DSBs in ERα-positive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Williamson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Chen X, Yan GY, Liao XP. A Novel Candidate Disease Genes Prioritization Method Based on Module Partition and Rank Fusion. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2010; 14:337-56. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2009.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Ying Yan
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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Long J, Cai Q, Shu XO, Qu S, Li C, Zheng Y, Gu K, Wang W, Xiang YB, Cheng J, Chen K, Zhang L, Zheng H, Shen CY, Huang CS, Hou MF, Shen H, Hu Z, Wang F, Deming SL, Kelley MC, Shrubsole MJ, Khoo US, Chan KYK, Chan SY, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Le Marchand L, Iwasaki M, Kasuga Y, Tsugane S, Matsuo K, Tajima K, Iwata H, Huang B, Shi J, Li G, Wen W, Gao YT, Lu W, Zheng W. Identification of a functional genetic variant at 16q12.1 for breast cancer risk: results from the Asia Breast Cancer Consortium. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1001002. [PMID: 20585626 PMCID: PMC2891809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of breast cancer. We carried out a multi-stage genome-wide association (GWA) study in over 28,000 cases and controls recruited from 12 studies conducted in Asian and European American women to identify genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer. After analyzing 684,457 SNPs in 2,073 cases and 2,084 controls in Chinese women, we evaluated 53 SNPs for fast-track replication in an independent set of 4,425 cases and 1,915 controls of Chinese origin. Four replicated SNPs were further investigated in an independent set of 6,173 cases and 6,340 controls from seven other studies conducted in Asian women. SNP rs4784227 was consistently associated with breast cancer risk across all studies with adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.25 (1.20−1.31) per allele (P = 3.2×10−25) in the pooled analysis of samples from all Asian samples. This SNP was also associated with breast cancer risk among European Americans (per allele OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.09−1.31, P = 1.3×10−4, 2,797 cases and 2,662 controls). SNP rs4784227 is located at 16q12.1, a region identified previously for breast cancer risk among Europeans. The association of this SNP with breast cancer risk remained highly statistically significant in Asians after adjusting for previously-reported SNPs in this region. In vitro experiments using both luciferase reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated functional significance of this SNP. These results provide strong evidence implicating rs4784227 as a functional causal variant for breast cancer in the locus 16q12.1 and demonstrate the utility of conducting genetic association studies in populations with different genetic architectures. Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of breast cancer. To identify genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer, we performed a genome-wide association study in 15,468 breast cancer cases and 13,001 controls. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4784227 located on chromosome 16q12.1, a previously-reported region for breast cancer risk, was found to be associated with breast cancer risk. The association of this SNP with breast cancer risk remained highly significant in Asians after adjusting all previously-reported SNPs in this region. In vitro biochemical experiments using both luciferase reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed the functional importance of this SNP. Our results demonstrate the importance of conducting genetic association studies in populations with different genetic backgrounds to identify functional variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Shimian Qu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarong Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Furu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sandra L. Deming
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Mark C. Kelley
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Martha J. Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ui Soon Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Y. K. Chan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sum Yin Chan
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasuga
- Department of Surgery, Nagano Matsushiro General Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tajima
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroji Iwata
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Bo Huang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jiajun Shi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Guoliang Li
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ding SL, Yu JC, Chen ST, Hsu GC, Hsu HM, Ho JY, Lin YH, Chang CC, Fann CS, Cheng CW, Wu PE, Shen CY. Diverse Associations between ESR1 Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Development and Progression. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:3473-84. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Frank B, Hoffmeister M, Klopp N, Illig T, Chang-Claude J, Brenner H. Colorectal cancer and polymorphisms in DNA repair genes WRN, RMI1 and BLM. Carcinogenesis 2009; 31:442-5. [PMID: 19945966 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RecQ helicase family members are involved in multiple DNA repair pathways, protecting the genome from incorrect recombination during mitosis and maintaining its stability. Deficiencies in genes encoding the RecQ helicases WRN and BLM lead to rare autosomal recessive diseases, Werner and Bloom syndromes, which have been implicated in early onset of aging, and predisposition to various types of cancer. We investigated associations of WRN, BLM and BLM-associated protein (BLAP75/RMI1) gene polymorphisms and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), genotyping WRN V114I (rs2230009), WRN L1074F (rs2725362), WRN C1367R (rs1346044), RMI1 S455N (rs1982151) and BLM P868L (rs11852361). A large population-based case-control study, including 1795 CRC cases and 1805 controls, found no evidence for an association between the selected allelic variants in DNA repair-related genes and CRC risk. However, we detected a significant association of BLM P868L with an increased rectal cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.64 and P = 0.04), suggesting a potential cancer-site specificity. This is the first study to analyze the associations between polymorphisms in WRN, BLM and RMI1 and CRC risk. Although none of them showed a significant association with CRC, the association of BLM P868L with rectal cancer risk requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Frank
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Yu JC, Ding SL, Chang CH, Kuo SH, Chen ST, Hsu GC, Hsu HM, Hou MF, Jung LY, Cheng CW, Wu PE, Shen CY. Genetic susceptibility to the development and progression of breast cancer associated with polymorphism of cell cycle and ubiquitin ligase genes. Carcinogenesis 2009; 30:1562-70. [PMID: 19587092 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11472, Taiwan, Republic of China
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