1
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Ko D, Kim E, Shin EA, Nam SH, Yoon J, Lee JS, Lee Y, Park S, Ha K, Choi SY, Lee JW, Kim S. Therapeutic effects of TM4SF5-targeting chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies in hepatocellular and colon cancer models. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:452-466. [PMID: 35211652 PMCID: PMC8841960 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) is aberrantly expressed in hepatocellular and colorectal cancers, and has been implicated in tumor progression, suggesting that it could serve as a novel therapeutic target. Previously, we screened a murine antibody phage-display library to generate a novel monoclonal antibody, Ab27, that is specific to the extracellular loop 2 of TM4SF5. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chimeric Ab27 using cancer cells expressing endogenous TM4SF5 or stably overexpressing TM4SF5 in vivo and in vitro. Monotherapy with Ab27 significantly decreased tumor growth in liver and colon cancer xenograft models, including a sorafenib-resistant model, and decreased the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), p27Kip1, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). No general Ab27 toxicity was observed in vivo. Combination treatment with Ab27 and sorafenib or doxorubicin exerted higher antitumor activity than monotherapy. In addition, we humanized the Ab27 sequence by the complementarity-determining region (CDR) grafting method. The humanized antibody Ab27-hz9 had reduced immunogenicity but exhibited target recognition and antitumor activity comparable with those of Ab27. Both Ab27 and Ab27-hz9 efficiently targeted tumor cells expressing TM4SF5 in vivo. These observations strongly support the further development of Ab27-hz9 as a novel therapeutic agent against liver and colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjoon Ko
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34141, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon 34113, Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eun-Ae Shin
- Department of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Department of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Junghwa Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34141, Korea
| | - Jin-Sook Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34141, Korea
| | - Yunhee Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34141, Korea
| | - Sora Park
- Antibody Drug Team at New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong 28160, Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Ha
- Drug Efficacy Evaluation Team at New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong 28160, Korea
| | - So-Young Choi
- Protein Drug Team at New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong 28160, Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34141, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon 34113, Korea
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2
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Song HE, Lee Y, Kim E, Cho CY, Jung O, Lee D, Lee EG, Nam SH, Kang M, Macalino SJY, Kim JE, Jung JW, Kwon SW, Choi S, Lee JW. N-terminus-independent activation of c-Src via binding to a tetraspan(in) TM4SF5 in hepatocellular carcinoma is abolished by the TM4SF5 C-terminal peptide application. Theranostics 2021; 11:8092-8111. [PMID: 34335982 PMCID: PMC8315060 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Active c-Src non-receptor tyrosine kinase localizes to the plasma membrane via N-terminal lipid modification. Membranous c-Src causes cancer initiation and progression. Even though transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5), a tetraspan(in), can be involved in this mechanism, the molecular and structural influence of TM4SF5 on c-Src remains unknown. Methods: Here, we investigated molecular and structural details by which TM4SF5 regulated c-Src devoid of its N-terminus and how cell-penetrating peptides were able to interrupt c-Src activation via interference of c-Src-TM4SF5 interaction in hepatocellular carcinoma models. Results: The TM4SF5 C-terminus efficiently bound the c-Src SH1 kinase domain, efficiently to the inactively-closed form. The complex involved protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B able to dephosphorylate Tyr530. The c-Src SH1 domain alone, even in a closed form, bound TM4SF5 to cause c-Src Tyr419 and FAK Y861 phosphorylation. Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation studies predicted the directly interfacing residues, which were further validated by mutational studies. Cell penetration of TM4SF5 C-terminal peptides blocked the interaction of TM4SF5 with c-Src and prevented c-Src-dependent tumor initiation and progression in vivo. Conclusions: Collectively, these data demonstrate that binding of the TM4SF5 C-terminus to the kinase domain of inactive c-Src leads to its activation. Because this binding can be abolished by cell-penetrating peptides containing the TM4SF5 C-terminus, targeting this direct interaction may be an effective strategy for developing therapeutics that block the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeng Eun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Lee
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yun Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Oisun Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Doohyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephani Joy Y. Macalino
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Choi
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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3
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Park BK, Park JY, Kim TH, Kim D, Wu G, Gautam A, Maharjan S, Lee SI, Lee Y, Kwon HJ, Choi KC. Production of an anti-TM4SF5 monoclonal antibody and its application in the detection of TM4SF5 as a possible marker of a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:275-285. [PMID: 29749436 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell surface transmembrane 4 superfamily member 5 protein (TM4SF5) has been implicated in various human cancers. Immunization with a peptide vaccine targeting human TM4SF5 has been shown to exert prophylactic and therapeutic effects against the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and colon cancer in mouse models. In this study, we developed a novel monoclonal antibody (mEC2‑CF) targeting a cyclic epitope of TM4SF5 and evaluated its reactivity to TM4SF5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and cancer tissues. The isotype of mEC2‑CF was IgG2a and the antibody specifically recognized the cyclic peptide, based on ELISA. The antibody recognized recombinant TM4SF5 overexpressed in 293F cells, irrespective of N‑glycosidase F treatment. The antibody was internalized into the cytosol after binding to the surface of TM4SF5‑expressing CRC cells, suggesting that this antibody may be useful in therapeutics. In addition, we evaluated TM4SF5 expression in the tissues of patients with CRC patients to determine its prognostic significance. TM4SF5 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry using mEC2‑CF and tissue microarray blocks of 204 primary CRC samples. The overall rate of TM4SF5 overexpression in the samples (immunohistochemical score >4) was 27.0% (55 of 204). The increased expression of TM4SF5 was significantly associated with a shorter survival rate (P=0.0014) and a worse disease‑free survival (P=0.0483) of patients with CRC. No association was observed between TM4SF5 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, apart from tumor depth of invasion (P=0.027). These results suggest that our novel antibody can be used to detect endogenous and recombinant TM4SF5, and that TM4SF5 may be a possible marker for the poor prognosis of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Kwon Park
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Te Ha Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongbum Kim
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Guang Wu
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Avishekh Gautam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Sony Maharjan
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Su In Lee
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Kwon
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Chan Choi
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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4
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Differential regulation of cellular functions by the C-termini of transmembrane 4 L six family proteins in 2- or 3-dimensional environment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13277-13292. [PMID: 28129652 PMCID: PMC5355095 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane 4 L six family proteins TM4SF1, TM4SF4, and TM4SF5 share 40-50% overall sequence identity, but their C-terminus identity is limited. It may be likely that the C-termini of the members are important and unique for own regulatory functions. We thus examined how the TM4SF5 C-terminus affected cellular functions differentially from other family members. Using colon cancer cells expressing wildtype (WT), C-terminus-deleted, or chimeric mutants, diverse cellular functions were explored in 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) condition. The C-termini of the proteins were relatively comparable with respect to 2D cell proliferation, although each C-terminal-deletion mutant exhibited increased proliferation relative to the WT. Using chimeric constructs, we found that the TM4SF5 C-terminus was critical for regulating the diverse metastatic functions of TM4SF5, and could positively replace the C-termini of other family members. Replacement of the TM4SF1 or TM4SF4 C-terminus with that of TM4SF5 increased spheroids growth, transwell migration, and invasive dissemination from spheroids in 3D collagen gels. TM4SF5-mediated effects required its extracellular loop 2 linked to the C-terminus via the transmembrane domain 4, with causing c-Src activation. Altogether, the C-terminus of TM4SF5 appears to mediate pro-migratory roles, depending on a structural relay from the second extracellular loop to the C-terminus.
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5
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Ahn HM, Ryu J, Song JM, Lee Y, Kim HJ, Ko D, Choi I, Kim SJ, Lee JW, Kim S. Anti-cancer Activity of Novel TM4SF5-Targeting Antibodies through TM4SF5 Neutralization and Immune Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:594-613. [PMID: 28255353 PMCID: PMC5327636 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane four L6 family member 5 (TM4SF5) protein is a novel molecular target for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. TM4SF5 is highly expressed in liver, colon, esophageal, and pancreatic cancers and is implicated in tumor progression. Here, we screened monoclonal antibodies that specifically bound to the extracellular loop 2 (EC2) of TM4SF5 from a phage-displayed murine antibody (single-chain variable fragment; scFv) library. We constructed and characterized chimeric antibodies, Ab27 and Ab79, of scFv fused with Fc domain of human IgG1. The affinity (KD) of Ab27 and Ab79 for soluble EC2 was approximately 9.2 nM and 16.9 nM, respectively, as determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis. Ab27 and Ab79 efficiently bound to native TM4SF5 on the cell surface were internalized into the cancer cells, leading to a decrease in cell surface TM4SF5. Ab27 and Ab79 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of TM4SF5-positive liver and colon cancer cells and reduced FAK and c-Src phosphorylation. Ab27 and Ab79 also enhanced anoikis sensitivity and reduced survivin. Ab27 mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. Ab27 and Ab79 efficiently inhibited tumor growth in a liver cancer xenograft model. These results strongly support the further development of Ab27 as a novel anti-cancer agent in the clinic.
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6
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Kim HJ, Kwon S, Nam SH, Jung JW, Kang M, Ryu J, Kim JE, Cheong JG, Cho CY, Kim S, Song DG, Kim YN, Kim TY, Jung MK, Lee KM, Pack CG, Lee JW. Dynamic and coordinated single-molecular interactions at TM4SF5-enriched microdomains guide invasive behaviors in 2- and 3-dimensional environments. FASEB J 2017; 31:1461-1481. [PMID: 28073834 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600944rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins sense extracellular cues and transduce intracellular signaling to coordinate directionality and speed during cellular migration. They are often localized to specific regions, as with lipid rafts or tetraspanin-enriched microdomains; however, the dynamic interactions of tetraspanins with diverse receptors within tetraspanin-enriched microdomains on cellular surfaces remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated effects of tetraspan(in) TM4SF5 (transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5)-enriched microdomains (T5ERMs) on the directionality of cell migration. Physical association of TM4SF5 with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and integrin α5 was visualized by live fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy and higher-resolution microscopy at the leading edge of migratory cells, presumably forming TM4SF5-enriched microdomains. Whereas TM4SF5 and EGFR colocalized at the migrating leading region more than at the rear, TM4SF5 and integrin α5 colocalized evenly throughout cells. Cholesterol depletion and disruption in TM4SF5 post-translational modifications, including N-glycosylation and palmitoylation, altered TM4SF5 interactions and cellular localization, which led to less cellular migration speed and directionality in 2- or 3-dimensional conditions. TM4SF5 controlled directional cell migration and invasion, and importantly, these TM4SF5 functions were dependent on cholesterol, TM4SF5 post-translational modifications, and EGFR and integrin α5 activity. Altogether, we showed that TM4SF5 dynamically interacted with EGFR and integrin α5 in migratory cells to control directionality and invasion.-Kim, H.-J., Kwon, S., Nam, S. H., Jung, J. W., Kang, M., Ryu, J., Kim, J. E., Cheong, J.-G., Cho, C. Y., Kim, S., Song, D.-G., Kim, Y.-N., Kim, T. Y., Jung, M.-K., Lee, K.-M., Pack, C.-G., Lee, J. W. Dynamic and coordinated single-molecular interactions at TM4SF5-enriched microdomains guide invasive behaviors in 2- and 3-dimensional environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojung Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihye Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Gyu Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Yun Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Somi Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Tai Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyo Jung
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan-Gi Pack
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; .,Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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Nam SH, Kim D, Lee MS, Lee D, Kwak TK, Kang M, Ryu J, Kim HJ, Song HE, Choi J, Lee GH, Kim SY, Park SH, Kim DG, Kwon NH, Kim TY, Thiery JP, Kim S, Lee JW. Noncanonical roles of membranous lysyl-tRNA synthetase in transducing cell-substrate signaling for invasive dissemination of colon cancer spheroids in 3D collagen I gels. Oncotarget 2016; 6:21655-74. [PMID: 26091349 PMCID: PMC4673294 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion properties of cells are involved in tumor metastasis. Although KRS at the plasma membrane is shown important for cancer metastasis, additionally to canonical roles of cytosolic KRS in protein translation, how KRS and its downstream effectors promote the metastatic migration remains unexplored. Disseminative behaviors (an earlier metastatic process) of colon cancer cell spheroids embedded in 3D collagen gels were studied with regards to cell adhesion properties, and relevance in KRS−/+ knocked-down animal and clinical colon cancer tissues. Time-lapse imaging revealed KRS-dependent cell dissemination from the spheroids, whereas KRS-suppressed spheroids remained static due to the absence of outbound movements supported by cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. While keeping E-cadherin at the outward disseminative cells, KRS caused integrin-involved intracellular signaling for ERK/c-Jun, paxillin, and cell-ECM adhesion-mediated signaling to modulate traction force for crawling movement. KRS-suppressed spheroids became disseminative following ERK or paxillin re-expression. The KRS-dependent intracellular signaling activities correlated with the invasiveness in clinical colon tumor tissues and in KRS−/+ knocked-down mice tissues. Collectively, these observations indicate that KRS at the plasma membrane plays new roles in metastatic migration as a signaling inducer, and causes intracellular signaling for cancer dissemination, involving cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion, during KRS-mediated metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hee Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doohyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng Eun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Hwa Park
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gyu Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jean Paul Thiery
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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8
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Nam SH, Kang M, Ryu J, Kim HJ, Kim D, Kim DG, Kwon NH, Kim S, Lee JW. Suppression of lysyl-tRNA synthetase, KRS, causes incomplete epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ineffective cell‑extracellular matrix adhesion for migration. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1553-60. [PMID: 26891990 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-adhesion properties of cancer cells can be targeted to block cancer metastasis. Although cytosolic lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) functions in protein synthesis, KRS on the plasma membrane is involved in cancer metastasis. We hypothesized that KRS is involved in cell adhesion-related signal transduction for cellular migration. To test this hypothesis, colon cancer cells with modulated KRS protein levels were analyzed for cell-cell contact and cell-substrate adhesion properties and cellular behavior. Although KRS suppression decreased expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules, cells still formed colonies without being scattered, supporting an incomplete epithelial mesenchymal transition. Noteworthy, KRS-suppressed cells still exhibited focal adhesions on laminin, with Tyr397-phopshorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), but they lacked laminin-adhesion-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and paxillin activation. KRS, p67LR and integrin α6β1 were found to interact, presumably to activate ERK for paxillin expression and Tyr118 phosphorylation even without involvement of FAK, so that specific inhibition of ERK or KRS in parental HCT116 cells blocked cell-cell adhesion and cell-substrate properties for focal adhesion formation and signaling activity. Together, these results indicate that KRS can promote cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion for migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hee Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gyu Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee B, Wu Z, Lee T, Tan XF, Park KH, Liu KH. In vitrocharacterization of 4′-(p-toluenesulfonylamide)-4-hydroxychalcone using human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochrome P450s. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:350-6. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1081306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Choi J, Kang M, Nam SH, Lee GH, Kim HJ, Ryu J, Cheong JG, Jung JW, Kim TY, Lee HY, Lee JW. Bidirectional signaling between TM4SF5 and IGF1R promotes resistance to EGFR kinase inhibitors. Lung Cancer 2015; 90:22-31. [PMID: 26190015 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The membrane glycoprotein TM4SF5 (transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5), which is similar to the tetraspanins, is highly expressed in different cancers and causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). TM4SF5 interacts with other membrane proteins during its pro-tumorigenic roles, presumably at tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs/TERMs). Here, we explored TM4SF5-mediated resistance against the clinically important EGFR kinase inhibitors, with regards to cooperation with other membrane proteins, particularly the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). MATERIALS AND METHODS Using cancer cells including NSCLC with TM4SF5 overexpression or IGF1R suppression in either normal 2 dimensional (2D), 3D aqueous spheroids, or 3D collagen I gels systems, the sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We found that TM4SF5 and IGF1R transcriptionally modulated one another, with each protein promoting the expressions of the other. Expression of TM4SF5 in gefitinib-sensitive HCC827 cells caused resistance to erlotinib and gefitinib, but not to sorafenib [a platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor]; whereas suppression of IGF1R from gefitinib-resistant NCI-H1299 cells caused enhanced sensitization to the inhibitors. Expression of TM4SF5 and IGF1R in the drug-sensitive cells promoted signaling activities of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), protein kinase B (Akt), and S6 kinase (S6K), and resulted in a higher residual EGFR activity, even after EGFR kinase inhibitor treatment. Complex formation between TM4SF5 and IGF1R was observed, and also included EGFR, dependent on TM4SF5 expression. The TM4SF5-mediated drug resistance was further confirmed in an aqueous 3D spheroid system or upon being embedded in 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)-surrounded gel systems. Collectively, these data suggest that anti-TM4SF5 reagents may be combined with the EGFR kinase inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapies against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5), as a membrane glycoprotein with 4 transmembrane domains, is similar to the tetraspanins in terms of membrane topology and plays important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. Especially, TM4SF5 appears to form a massive protein-protein complex consisting of diverse membrane proteins and/or receptors in addition to cytosolic signaling molecules to regulate their signaling activities during the pathological processes. TM4SF5 is shown to interact with integrins α2, α5, and β1, EGFR, IL6R, CD151, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and c-Src. This review focuses on the significance of the interactions with regards to TM4SF5-positive tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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12
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TM4SF5 suppression disturbs integrin α5-related signalling and muscle development in zebrafish. Biochem J 2014; 462:89-101. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20140177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
TM4SF5 suppression in zebrafish causes abnormal trunk morphology with aberrant translocation and organization of muscle cells, via altered fibronectin/integrin α5/FAK/vinculin/actin signalling. TM4SF5 controls muscle differentiation via alteration in integrin α5-related signalling.
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13
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Cross talk between the TM4SF5/focal adhesion kinase and the interleukin-6/STAT3 pathways promotes immune escape of human liver cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:2946-60. [PMID: 24912675 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00660-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TM4SF5 overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK) during tumor cell migration. However, it remains unknown how TM4SF5 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells compromises with immune actions initiated by extracellular cytokines. Normal and cancerous hepatocytes with or without TM4SF5 expression were analyzed for the effects of cytokine signaling activity on TM4SF5/FAK signaling and metastatic potential. We found that interleukin-6 (IL-6) was differentially expressed in hepatocytes depending on cancerous malignancy and TM4SF5 expression. IL-6 treatment activated FAK and STAT3 and enhanced focal adhesion (FA) formation in TM4SF5-null cells, but it decreased TM4SF5-dependent FAK activity and FA formation in SNU761-TM4SF5 cells. STAT3 suppression abolished the IL-6-mediated effects in normal Chang cells, but it did not recover the TM4SF5-dependent FAK activity that was inhibited by IL-6 treatment in cancerous SNU761-TM4SF5 cells. In addition, modulation of FAK activity did not change the IL-6-mediated STAT3 activity in either the Chang or SNU761 cell system. TM4SF5 expression in SNU761 cells caused invasive extracellular matrix degradation negatively depending on IL-6/IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) signaling. Thus, it is likely that hepatic cancer cells adopt TM4SF5-dependent FAK activation and metastatic potential by lowering IL-6 expression and avoiding its immunological action through the IL-6-STAT3 pathway.
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14
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Kwon S, Choi KC, Kim YE, Ha YW, Kim D, Park BK, Wu G, Kim DS, Lee Y, Kwon HJ. Monoclonal Antibody Targeting of the Cell Surface Molecule TM4SF5 Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2014; 74:3844-56. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Kim S, Lee JW. Membrane Proteins Involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Invasion: Studies on TMPRSS4 and TM4SF5. Genomics Inform 2014; 12:12-20. [PMID: 24748857 PMCID: PMC3990761 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2014.12.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one mechanism by which cells with mesenchymal features can be generated and is a fundamental event in morphogenesis. Recently, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells from the primary tumor are now thought to be initiated by the developmental process termed the EMT, whereby epithelial cells lose cell polarity and cell-cell interactions, and gain mesenchymal phenotypes with increased migratory and invasive properties. The EMT is believed to be an important step in metastasis and is implicated in cancer progression, although the influence of the EMT in clinical specimens has been debated. This review presents the recent results of two cell surface proteins, the functions and underlying mechanisms of which have recently begun to be demonstrated, as novel regulators of the molecular networks that induce the EMT and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semi Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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16
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Potential of 4′-(p-toluenesulfonylamide)-4-hydroxychalcone to inhibit the human cytochrome P450 2J2 isoform. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-013-4307-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Wu YB, Huang YS, Xu YP, Sun YF, Yu DL, Zhang XQ, Long X, Zhu SQ, Zhou JL, Xu JJ. A high level of TM4SF5 is associated with human esophageal cancer progression and poor patient survival. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:2623-33. [PMID: 23633159 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated expression of TM4SF5 and its involvement in human esophageal cancer (HEC). METHODS We analyzed TM4SF5 expression in normal esophageal epithelial cells (HEEC), in four HEC cell lines, and in 20 HEC clinical tissue samples and matched nontumor samples. The effect of TM4SF5 on HEC cell proliferation and metastasis and invasion was assessed, and the relationship between TM4SF5 and integrin β1 was determined. Finally, TM4SF5 and integrin β1 expression were further examined by use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and tissue microarray analysis, and the prognostic use of TM4SF5 and integrin β1 in HEC was evaluated. RESULTS TM4SF5 was more highly expressed in HEC cells and in HEC tissues than in HEEC and matched nontumor tissues. Down-regulation of TM4SF5 in KYSE150 cells reduced cell proliferation and metastasis and invasion whereas metastasis and invasion by KYSE510 increased after TM4SF5 cDNA transfection. In HEC cells, TM4SF5 formed a complex with integrin β1, and interference with integrin β1 in KYSE510-TM4SF5 cells markedly inhibited cell invasion on laminin 5. Our findings also showed that TM4SF5 and integrin β1 overexpression correlated with low differentiation and high stage (p<0.05, respectively). Postoperative 5-year overall survival of patients with TM4SF5low and/or integrin β1low was higher than for patients with TM4SF5high and/or integrin β1high. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that TM4SF5 and integrin β1 co-overexpression was an independent prognostic marker for HEC. CONCLUSION TM4SF5 is positively associated with HEC invasiveness. The combination of TM4SF5 with integrin β1 could potentially serve as a novel marker for predicting HEC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-bing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To evaluate recent developments in nutritional epigenomics and related challenges, opportunities, and implications for cancer control and prevention. RECENT FINDINGS Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and understanding the factors that contribute to cancer development may facilitate the development of strategies for cancer prevention and control. Cancer development involves genetic and epigenetic alterations. Genetic marks are permanent, whereas epigenetic marks are dynamic, change with age, and are influenced by the external environment. Thus, epigenetics provides a link between the environment, diet, and cancer development. Proper food selection is imperative for better health and to avoid cancer and other diseases. Nutrients either contribute directly to cancer prevention or support the repair of genomic and epigenomic damage caused by exposure to cancer-causing agents such as toxins, free radicals, radiation, and infectious agents. Nutritional epigenomics provides an opportunity for cancer prevention because selected nutrients have the potential to reverse cancer-associated epigenetic marks in different tumor types. A number of natural foods and their bioactive components have been shown to have methylation-inhibitory and deacetylation-inhibitory properties. SUMMARY Natural foods and bioactive food components have characteristics and functions that are similar to epigenetic inhibitors and therefore have potential in cancer control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Verma
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7324, USA.
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Kwon S, Kim YE, Kim D, Park BK, Wu G, Kim TH, Choi SH, Kim DS, Kwon HJ, Lee Y. Prophylactic effect of a peptide vaccine targeting TM4SF5 against colon cancer in a mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:134-9. [PMID: 23624388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Expression of transmembrane 4 superfamily member 5 protein (TM4SF5) was implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colon cancer. Previously, we have shown that immunization with TM4SF5 peptide-CpG-DNA-liposome complex induces production of TM4SF5-specific antibodies and protects mice from HCC progression in an allograft model. Here, we confirmed expression of TM4SF5 in the mouse colon cancer cell line CT-26 and found that anti-TM4SF5 antibody inhibits growth of CT-26 cells. We then immunized mice with TM4SF5 peptide-CpG-DNA-liposome complex and transplanted CT-26 cells to investigate the vaccination effects. Robust production of TM4SF5-specific antibodies was induced by challenge with CT-26 cells and the tumor growth was significantly suppressed in the immunized mice. The peptide vaccine targeting TM4SF5 consequently showed a prophylactic effect against colon cancer development in a mouse model. These results suggest that the peptide vaccine can be potentially applied in humans to treat colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Kwon
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gangwon-do 200 702, Republic of Korea
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Jung O, Choi S, Jang SB, Lee SA, Lim ST, Choi YJ, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Kwak TK, Kim H, Kang M, Lee MS, Park SY, Ryu J, Jeong D, Cheong HK, Kim HJ, Park KH, Lee BJ, Schlaepfer DD, Lee JW. Tetraspan TM4SF5-dependent direct activation of FAK and metastatic potential of hepatocarcinoma cells. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:5960-73. [PMID: 23077174 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) plays an important role in cell migration, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity is essential for homeostatic and pathological migration of adherent cells. However, it is unclear how TM4SF5 signaling mediates the activation of cellular migration machinery, and how FAK is activated during cell adhesion. Here, we showed that direct and adhesion-dependent binding of TM4SF5 to FAK causes a structural alteration that may release the inhibitory intramolecular interaction in FAK. In turn, this may activate FAK at the cell's leading edge, to promote migration/invasion and in vivo metastasis. TM4SF5-mediated FAK activation occurred during integrin-mediated cell adhesion. TM4SF5 was localized at the leading edge of the cells, together with FAK and actin-organizing molecules, indicating a signaling link between TM4SF5/FAK and actin reorganization machinery. Impaired interactions between TM4SF5 and FAK resulted in an attenuated FAK phosphorylation (the signaling link to actin organization machinery) and the metastatic potential. Our findings demonstrate that TM4SF5 directly binds to and activates FAK in an adhesion-dependent manner, to regulate cell migration and invasion, suggesting that TM4SF5 is a promising target in the treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oisun Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea (Republic of)
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Lee MS, Kim HP, Kim TY, Lee JW. Gefitinib resistance of cancer cells correlated with TM4SF5-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:514-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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TM4SF5 accelerates G1/S phase progression via cytosolic p27Kip1 expression and RhoA activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2010; 1803:975-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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