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Birgbauer E. Lysophospholipid receptors in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. EXPLORATION OF NEUROPROTECTIVE THERAPY 2024; 4:349-365. [PMID: 39247084 PMCID: PMC11379401 DOI: 10.37349/ent.2024.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most complex physiological systems, and treatment of CNS disorders represents an area of major medical need. One critical aspect of the CNS is its lack of regeneration, such that damage is often permanent. The damage often leads to neurodegeneration, and so strategies for neuroprotection could lead to major medical advances. The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family is one of the major receptor classes, and they have been successfully targeted clinically. One class of GPCRs is those activated by bioactive lysophospholipids as ligands, especially sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Research has been increasingly demonstrating the important roles that S1P and LPA, and their receptors, play in physiology and disease. In this review, I describe the role of S1P and LPA receptors in neurodegeneration and potential roles in neuroprotection. Much of our understanding of the role of S1P receptors has been through pharmacological tools. One such tool, fingolimod (also known as FTY720), which is a S1P receptor agonist but a functional antagonist in the immune system, is clinically efficacious in multiple sclerosis by producing a lymphopenia to reduce autoimmune attacks; however, there is evidence that fingolimod is also neuroprotective. Furthermore, fingolimod is neuroprotective in many other neuropathologies, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Rett syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and others that are discussed here. LPA receptors also appear to be involved, being upregulated in a variety of neuropathologies. Antagonists or mutations of LPA receptors, especially LPA1, are neuroprotective in a variety of conditions, including cortical development, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, stroke and others discussed here. Finally, LPA receptors may interact with other receptors, including a functional interaction with plasticity related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Birgbauer
- Department of Biology, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC 29733, USA
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2
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Li N, Li Y. Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) and Its Receptors in Mood Regulation: A Systematic Review of the Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7440. [PMID: 39000547 PMCID: PMC11242315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders affect over 300 million individuals worldwide, often characterized by their chronic and refractory nature, posing significant threats to patient life. There has been a notable increase in mood disorders among American adolescents and young adults, with a rising number of suicide attempts and fatalities, highlighting a growing association between mood disorders and suicidal outcomes. Dysregulation within the neuroimmune-endocrine system is now recognized as one of the fundamental biological mechanisms underlying mood and mood disorders. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a novel mediator of mood behavior, induces anxiety-like and depression-like phenotypes through its receptors LPA1 and LPA5, regulating synaptic neurotransmission and plasticity. Consequently, LPA has garnered substantial interest in the study of mood regulation. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of lysophosphatidic acid and its receptors, along with LPA receptor ligands, in mood regulation and to explore their potential therapeutic efficacy in treating mood disorders. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases, identifying 208 articles through keyword searches up to June 2024. After excluding duplicates, irrelevant publications, and those restricted by open access limitations, 21 scientific papers were included in this review. The findings indicate that LPA/LPA receptor modulation could be beneficial in treating mood disorders, suggesting that pharmacological agents or gintonin, an extract from ginseng, may serve as effective therapeutic strategies. This study opens new avenues for future research into how lysophosphatidic acid and its receptors, as well as lysophosphatidic acid receptor ligands, influence emotional behavior in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- School of Competitive Sports, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- China Institute of Sports and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Performance and Skill Assessment, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory for Performance Training & Recovery of General Administration of Sport, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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McConnell BB, Liang Z, Xu C, Han Y, Yun CC. LPA 5-Dependent signaling regulates regeneration of the intestinal epithelium following irradiation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G631-G642. [PMID: 38593468 PMCID: PMC11376986 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00269.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid molecule that regulates a wide array of cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival, via activation of cognate receptors. The LPA5 receptor is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelium, but its function in restoring intestinal epithelial integrity following injury has not been examined. Here, we use a radiation-induced injury model to study the role of LPA5 in regulating intestinal epithelial regeneration. Control mice (Lpar5f/f) and mice with an inducible, epithelial cell-specific deletion of Lpar5 in the small intestine (Lpar5IECKO) were subjected to 10 Gy total body X-ray irradiation and analyzed during recovery. Repair of the intestinal mucosa was delayed in Lpar5IECKO mice with reduced epithelial proliferation and increased crypt cell apoptosis. These effects were accompanied by reduced numbers of OLFM4+ intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The effects of LPA5 on ISCs were corroborated by studies using organoids derived from Lgr5-lineage tracking reporter mice with deletion of Lpar5 in Lgr5+-stem cells (Lgr5Cont or Lgr5ΔLpar5). Irradiation of organoids resulted in fewer numbers of Lgr5ΔLpar5 organoids retaining Lgr5+-derived progenitor cells compared with Lgr5Cont organoids. Finally, we observed that impaired regeneration in Lpar5IECKO mice was associated with reduced numbers of Paneth cells and decreased expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a critical factor for intestinal epithelial repair. Our study highlights a novel role for LPA5 in regeneration of the intestinal epithelium following irradiation and its effect on the maintenance of Paneth cells that support the stem cell niche.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used mice lacking expression of the lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 (LPA5) in intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal organoids to show that the LPA5 receptor protects intestinal stem cells and progenitors from radiation-induced injury. We show that LPA5 induces YAP signaling and regulates Paneth cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth B McConnell
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Zhongxing Liang
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Chad Xu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Yiran Han
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - C Chris Yun
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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4
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Moreno-Fernández RD, Sampedro-Piquero P, Gómez-Salas FJ, Nieto-Quero A, Estivill-Torrús G, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Pedraza C. Social avoidance and altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in a mouse model of anxious depression: The role of LPA 1 receptor. Behav Brain Res 2023; 455:114681. [PMID: 37741054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Anxious depression is a prevalent disease with devastating consequences. Despite the lack of knowledge about the neurobiological basis of this subtype of depression, recently our group has identified a relationship between the LPA1 receptor, one of the six characterized G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6) for lysophosphatidic acid, with a mixed depressive-anxiety phenotype. Dysfunctional social behaviors, which have been related to increased activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, are key symptoms of depression and are even more prominent in patients with comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders. Social behavior and HPA functioning were assessed in animals lacking the LPA1 receptor. For these purposes, we first examined social behaviors in wild-type and LPA1 receptor-null mice. In addition, a dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test was carried out. maLPA1-null mice exhibited social avoidance, a blunted response to DEX administration and an impaired circadian rhythm of corticosterone levels, which are features that are consistently dysregulated in many mental illnesses including anxious depression. Here, we have strengthened the previous experimental evidence for maLPA1-null mice to represent a good animal model of anxious depression, providing an opportunity to explore new therapeutic targets for the treatment of mood disorders, particularly this subtype of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Sampedro-Piquero
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Gómez-Salas
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - A Nieto-Quero
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga, Spain
| | - G Estivill-Torrús
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga, Spain
| | - F Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga, Spain; Unidad Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain
| | - L J Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga, Spain
| | - C Pedraza
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Malaga, Spain.
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Magkrioti C, Kaffe E, Aidinis V. The Role of Autotaxin and LPA Signaling in Embryonic Development, Pathophysiology and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098325. [PMID: 37176032 PMCID: PMC10179533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) or Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2) is a secreted enzyme with lysophospholipase D activity, with its primary function being the extracellular hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive lipid [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Magkrioti
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleanna Kaffe
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
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Yanagida K, Shimizu T. Lysophosphatidic acid, a simple phospholipid with myriad functions. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108421. [PMID: 37080433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a simple phospholipid consisting of a phosphate group, glycerol moiety, and only one hydrocarbon chain. Despite its simple chemical structure, LPA plays an important role as an essential bioactive signaling molecule via its specific six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA1-6. Recent studies, especially those using genetic tools, have revealed diverse physiological and pathological roles of LPA and LPA receptors in almost every organ system. Furthermore, many studies are illuminating detailed mechanisms to orchestrate multiple LPA receptor signaling pathways and to facilitate their coordinated function. Importantly, these extensive "bench" works are now translated into the "bedside" as exemplified by approaches targeting LPA1 signaling to combat fibrotic diseases. In this review, we discuss the physiological and pathological roles of LPA signaling and their implications for clinical application by focusing on findings revealed by in vivo studies utilizing genetic tools targeting LPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yanagida
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Integrative Analysis of Proteome-wide Association Studies and Functional Enrichment Analysis to Identify Genes and Chemicals Associated with Alcohol Dependence. J Addict Med 2022:01271255-990000000-00119. [PMID: 36729929 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000001112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alcohol dependence accounts for a large proportion of the global burden of disease and disability. This study aims to investigate the candidate genes and chemicals associated with alcohol dependence. METHODS Using data from published alcohol dependence genome-wide association studies, we first conducted a proteome-wide association study of alcohol dependence by integrating alcohol dependence genome-wide association studies with 2 human brain reference proteomes of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex from the Religious Order Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project and the Banner Sun Health Research Institute. Then, based on the identified genes in proteome-wide association study, we conducted functional enrichment analysis and chemical-related functional enrichment analysis to detect the related Gene Ontology terms and chemicals. RESULTS Proteome-wide association study identified several potential candidate genes for alcohol dependence, such as GOT2 (P = 7.59 × 10-6) and C3orf33 (P = 5.00 × 10-3). Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis identified multiple candidate Gene Ontology terms associated with alcohol dependence, such as glyoxylate metabolic process (adjusted P = 2.99 × 10-6) and oxoglutarate metabolic process (adjusted P = 9.95 × 10-6). Chemical-related functional enrichment analysis detected several alcohol dependence-related candidate chemicals, such as pitavastatin (P = 2.00 × 10-4), cannabinoids (P = 4.00 × 10-4), 11-nor-Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (P = 4.00 × 10-4), and gabapentin (P = 2.00 × 10-3). CONCLUSIONS Our study reports multiple candidate genes and chemicals associated with alcohol dependence, providing novel clues for understanding the biological mechanism of alcohol dependence.
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Spencer SA, Suárez-Pozos E, Verdugo JS, Wang H, Afshari FS, Li G, Manam S, Yasuda D, Ortega A, Lister JA, Ishii S, Zhang Y, Fuss B. Lysophosphatidic acid signaling via LPA 6 : A negative modulator of developmental oligodendrocyte maturation. J Neurochem 2022; 163:478-499. [PMID: 36153691 PMCID: PMC9772207 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The developmental process of central nervous system (CNS) myelin sheath formation is characterized by well-coordinated cellular activities ultimately ensuring rapid and synchronized neural communication. During this process, myelinating CNS cells, namely oligodendrocytes (OLGs), undergo distinct steps of differentiation, whereby the progression of earlier maturation stages of OLGs represents a critical step toward the timely establishment of myelinated axonal circuits. Given the complexity of functional integration, it is not surprising that OLG maturation is controlled by a yet fully to be defined set of both negative and positive modulators. In this context, we provide here first evidence for a role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling via the G protein-coupled receptor LPA6 as a negative modulatory regulator of myelination-associated gene expression in OLGs. More specifically, the cell surface accessibility of LPA6 was found to be restricted to the earlier maturation stages of differentiating OLGs, and OLG maturation was found to occur precociously in Lpar6 knockout mice. To further substantiate these findings, a novel small molecule ligand with selectivity for preferentially LPA6 and LPA6 agonist characteristics was functionally characterized in vitro in primary cultures of rat OLGs and in vivo in the developing zebrafish. Utilizing this approach, a negative modulatory role of LPA6 signaling in OLG maturation could be corroborated. During development, such a functional role of LPA6 signaling likely serves to ensure timely coordination of circuit formation and myelination. Under pathological conditions as seen in the major human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS), however, persistent LPA6 expression and signaling in OLGs can be seen as an inhibitor of myelin repair. Thus, it is of interest that LPA6 protein levels appear elevated in MS brain samples, thereby suggesting that LPA6 signaling may represent a potential new druggable pathway suitable to promote myelin repair in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Spencer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Edna Suárez-Pozos
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jazmín Soto Verdugo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Huiqun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Fatemah S Afshari
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Susmita Manam
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Daisuke Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - James A Lister
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Babette Fuss
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Choi JH, Kwon TW, Jo HS, Ha Y, Cho IH. Gintonin, a Panax ginseng-derived LPA receptor ligand, attenuates kainic acid-induced seizures and neuronal cell death in the hippocampus via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. J Ginseng Res 2022; 47:390-399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Takagi Y, Nishikado S, Omi J, Aoki J. The Many Roles of Lysophospholipid Mediators and Japanese Contributions to This Field. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1008-1021. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Takagi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Shun Nishikado
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Jumpei Omi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Toebbe JT, Genter MB. An Update on Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Transcripts in Rodent Olfactory Mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084343. [PMID: 35457160 PMCID: PMC9032240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory neurons connect the external environment and the brain, allowing the translocation of materials from the nasal cavity into the brain. The olfactory system is involved in SARS-CoV-2 infections; early in the pandemic declared in 2020, a loss of the sense of smell was found in many infected patients. Attention has also been focused on the role that the olfactory epithelium appears to play in the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into the brain. Specifically, SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein (ACE2), which is found on supporting cells in the olfactory epithelium. The intranasal administration of sphingosine has been proposed to prevent the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2. Further, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors appear to facilitate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the brain. The goal of these studies was to characterize S1P receptor expression status in rodent olfactory mucosa. The expression of receptors for a related sphingolipid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), was also assessed. The results confirm previous reports of S1P1 and S1P3 receptor expression, as well as LPA receptor 1, in mouse olfactory mucosa; moreover, they extend the previous findings to identify additional S1P and LPA receptor transcripts in rat and mouse olfactory mucosa, as well as in cultured olfactory neurons. These findings may enhance the utility of rodent models in identifying agonists and/or antagonists of S1P and LPA receptors that may block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses into nasal epithelial cells, and prevent transmission from the nasal cavity into the brain.
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12
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Uenaka M, Uyeda A, Nakahara T, Muramatsu R. LPA 2 promotes neuronal differentiation and neurite formation in neocortical development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 598:89-94. [PMID: 35151977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that activates the G protein-coupled receptors, LPA1-6, which are associated with a wide number of cellular responses including proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival. Although LPA1-6 are expressed in the developing brain, their functions in brain development are not fully understood. In the present study, we analyzed the temporal expression pattern of LPA receptors (LPARs) during neocortical development and found that LPA2 is highly expressed in neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) in the embryonic neocortex. LPA2 activation on cultured NS/PCs using GRI977143, a selective LPA2 agonist, promoted neuronal differentiation. LPA2-induced neuronal expansion was inhibited by FR180204, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) inhibitor, suggesting that LPA2 promotes neuronal differentiation via Erk1/2 signaling. In addition, LPA2 activation promotes neurite elongation and branch formation. These results suggest that LPA2 is a critical regulator of neuronal differentiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Uenaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Akiko Uyeda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Rieko Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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13
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Okasato R, Kano K, Kise R, Inoue A, Fukuhara S, Aoki J. An ATX-LPA 6-Gα 13-ROCK axis shapes and maintains caudal vein plexus in zebrafish. iScience 2021; 24:103254. [PMID: 34755093 PMCID: PMC8564058 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potential regulator of vascular formation derived from blood. In this study, we utilized zebrafish as a model organism to monitor the blood vessel formation in detail. Zebrafish mutant of ATX, an LPA-producing enzyme, had a defect in the caudal vein plexus (CVP). Pharmacological inhibition of ATX resulted in a fusion of the delicate vessels in the CVP to form large sac-like vessels. Mutant embryos of LPA6 receptor and downstream Gα13 showed the same phenotype. Administration of OMPT, a stable LPA-analog, induced rapid CVP constriction, which was attenuated significantly in the LPA6 mutant. We also found that blood flow-induced CVP formation was dependent on ATX. The present study demonstrated that the ATX-LPA6 axis acts cooperatively with blood flow and contributes to the formation and maintenance of the CVP by generating contractive force in endothelial cells. Blocking an ATX-LPA6-Gα13-ROCK axis causes malformation of the caudal vein plexus The axis also contributes to maintaining the fine structure of the caudal vein plexus Activation of LPA6 induces vasoconstriction Caudal vein plexus formation evoked by blood flow is dependent on an ATX-LPA6 axis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Okasato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,AMED-LEAP, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Kano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,AMED-LEAP, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kise
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,AMED-LEAP, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,AMED-LEAP, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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14
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Rivera R, Williams NA, Kennedy GG, Sánchez-Pavón P, Chun J. Generation of an Lpar1-EGFP Fusion Knock-in Transgenic Mouse Line. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:619-627. [PMID: 34652685 PMCID: PMC8551097 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that acts as an extracellular signal through the activation of cognate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). There are six known LPA receptors (LPA1-6). The first such receptor, LPA1, was identified in the embryonic brain and has been studied extensively for gene expression throughout the body, including through studies of receptor-null mice. However, identifying receptor protein expression in situ and in vivo within living cells and tissues has been difficult because of biologically low receptor expression and variable antibody specificity. To visualize native LPA1 receptor expression in situ, we generated a knock-in mouse produced by homologous recombination in murine embryonic stem (ES) cells to replace a wildtype Lpar1 allele with a mutant allele created by in-frame fusion of EGFP to the 4th exon of Lpar1 (Lpar1-EGFP knock-in allele). Homozygous knock-in mice appeared normal and the expected mendelian ratios of knock-in allele transmission were present in females and males. Histological assessments of the fetal and adult central nervous system (CNS) demonstrated expression patterns that were consistent with prior in situ hybridization studies. This new mouse line will be useful for studies of LPA1 in the developing and adult CNS, as well as other tissues, and for receptor assessments in living tissues and disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rivera
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nyssa A Williams
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Grace G Kennedy
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paloma Sánchez-Pavón
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jerold Chun
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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15
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Rosell-Valle C, Pedraza C, Manuel I, Moreno-Rodríguez M, Rodríguez-Puertas R, Castilla-Ortega E, Caramés JM, Gómez Conde AI, Zambrana-Infantes E, Ortega-Pinazo J, Serrano-Castro PJ, Chun J, Rodríguez De Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Estivill-Torrús G. Chronic central modulation of LPA/LPA receptors-signaling pathway in the mouse brain regulates cognition, emotion, and hippocampal neurogenesis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 108:110156. [PMID: 33152386 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) acts through its LPA receptors in multiple biological and behavioral processes, including adult hippocampal neurogenesis, hippocampal-dependent memory, and emotional regulation. However, analyses of the effects have typically involved acute treatments, and there is no information available regarding the effect of the chronic pharmacological modulation of the LPA/LPA receptors-signaling pathway. Thus, we analyzed the effect of the chronic (21 days) and continuous intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of C18:1 LPA and the LPA1-3 receptor antagonist Ki16425 in behavior and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Twenty-one days after continuous ICV infusions, mouse behaviors in the open field test, Y-maze test and forced swimming test were assessed. In addition, the hippocampus was examined for c-Fos expression and α-CaMKII and phospho-α-CaMKII levels. The current study demonstrates that chronic C18:1 LPA produced antidepressant effects, improved spatial working memory, and enhanced adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In contrast, chronic LPA1-3 receptor antagonism disrupted exploratory activity and spatial working memory, induced anxiety and depression-like behaviors and produced an impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis. While these effects were accompanied by an increase in neuronal activation in the DG of C18:1 LPA-treated mice, Ki16425-treated mice showed reduced neuronal activation in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal subfields. Treatment with the antagonist also induced an imbalance in the expression of basal/activated α-CaMKII protein forms. These outcomes indicate that the chronic central modulation of the LPA receptors-signaling pathway in the brain regulates cognition and emotion, likely comprising hippocampal-dependent mechanisms. The use of pharmacological modulation of this pathway in the brain may potentially be targeted for the treatment of several neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rosell-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Producción de Reprogramación Celular, Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias Avanzadas, Junta de Andalucía, Spain
| | - Carmen Pedraza
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Iván Manuel
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Marta Moreno-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Rafael Rodríguez-Puertas
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José María Caramés
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ana I Gómez Conde
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; ECAI de Microscopía, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Emma Zambrana-Infantes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Ortega-Pinazo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro J Serrano-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Fernando Rodríguez De Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis J Santín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
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16
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Meduri B, Pujar GV, Durai Ananda Kumar T, Akshatha HS, Sethu AK, Singh M, Kanagarla A, Mathew B. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor modulators: Structural features and recent development. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113574. [PMID: 34126459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) activates six LPA receptors (LPAR1-6) and regulates various cellular activities such as cell proliferation, cytoprotection, and wound healing. Many studies elucidated the pathological outcomes of LPA are due to the alteration in signaling pathways, which include migration and invasion of cancer cells, fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and inflammation. Current pathophysiological research on LPA and its receptors provides a means that LPA receptors are new therapeutic targets for disorders associated with LPA. Various chemical modulators are developed and are under investigation to treat a wide range of pathological complications. This review summarizes the physiological and pathological roles of LPA signaling, development of various LPA modulators, their structural features, patents, and their clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalalitha Meduri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India
| | - Gurubasavaraj Veeranna Pujar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India.
| | - T Durai Ananda Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India
| | - H S Akshatha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India
| | - Arun Kumar Sethu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India
| | - Manisha Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India
| | - Abhinav Kanagarla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
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17
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GABAergic deficits in absence of LPA 1 receptor, associated anxiety-like and coping behaviors, and amelioration by interneuron precursor transplants into the dorsal hippocampus. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1479-1495. [PMID: 33792787 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Defects in GABAergic function can cause anxiety- and depression-like behaviors among other neuropsychiatric disorders. Therapeutic strategies using the transplantation of GABAergic interneuron progenitors derived from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) into the adult hippocampus reversed the symptomatology in multiple rodent models of interneuron-related pathologies. In turn, the lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA1 has been reported to be essential for hippocampal function. Converging evidence suggests that deficits in LPA1 receptor signaling represent a core feature underlying comparable hippocampal dysfunction and behaviors manifested in common neuropsychiatric conditions. Here, we first analyzed the GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus of wild-type and maLPA1-null mice, lacking the LPA1 receptor. Our data revealed a reduction in the number of neurons expressing GABA, calcium-binding proteins, and neuropeptides such as somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus of maLPA1-null mice. Then, we used interneuron precursor transplants to test links between hippocampal GABAergic interneuron deficit, cell-based therapy, and LPA1 receptor-dependent psychiatric disease-like phenotypes. For this purpose, we transplanted MGE-derived interneuron precursors into the adult hippocampus of maLPA1-null mice, to test their effects on GABAergic deficit and behavioral symptoms associated with the absence of the LPA1 receptor. Transplant studies in maLPA1-null mice showed that grafted cells were able to restore the hippocampal host environment, decrease the anxiety-like behaviors and neutralize passive coping, with no abnormal effects on motor activity. Furthermore, grafted MGE-derived cells maintained their normal differentiation program. These findings reinforce the use of cell-based strategies for brain disorders and suggest that the LPA1 receptor represents a potential target for interneuron-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
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18
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Birgbauer E. Lysophosphatidic Acid Signalling in Nervous System Development and Function. Neuromolecular Med 2021; 23:68-85. [PMID: 33151452 PMCID: PMC11420905 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One class of molecules that are now coming to be recognized as essential for our understanding of the nervous system are the lysophospholipids. One of the major signaling lysophospholipids is lysophosphatidic acid, also known as LPA. LPA activates a variety of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) leading to a multitude of physiological responses. In this review, I describe our current understanding of the role of LPA and LPA receptor signaling in the development and function of the nervous system, especially the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, I highlight how aberrant LPA receptor signaling may underlie neuropathological conditions, with important clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Birgbauer
- Department of Biology, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC, USA.
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19
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Geraldo LHM, Spohr TCLDS, Amaral RFD, Fonseca ACCD, Garcia C, Mendes FDA, Freitas C, dosSantos MF, Lima FRS. Role of lysophosphatidic acid and its receptors in health and disease: novel therapeutic strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:45. [PMID: 33526777 PMCID: PMC7851145 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an abundant bioactive phospholipid, with multiple functions both in development and in pathological conditions. Here, we review the literature about the differential signaling of LPA through its specific receptors, which makes this lipid a versatile signaling molecule. This differential signaling is important for understanding how this molecule can have such diverse effects during central nervous system development and angiogenesis; and also, how it can act as a powerful mediator of pathological conditions, such as neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer progression. Ultimately, we review the preclinical and clinical uses of Autotaxin, LPA, and its receptors as therapeutic targets, approaching the most recent data of promising molecules modulating both LPA production and signaling. This review aims to summarize the most update knowledge about the mechanisms of LPA production and signaling in order to understand its biological functions in the central nervous system both in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique Medeiros Geraldo
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, F-75015, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Celina Garcia
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio de Almeida Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Catarina Freitas
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fabio dosSantos
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia Regina Souza Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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20
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Fransson J, Gómez-Conde AI, Romero-Imbroda J, Fernández O, Leyva L, de Fonseca FR, Chun J, Louapre C, Van-Evercooren AB, Zujovic V, Estivill-Torrús G, García-Díaz B. Activation of Macrophages by Lysophosphatidic Acid through the Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1 as a Novel Mechanism in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:470-482. [PMID: 32974731 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease whose pathogenesis remains unclear. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an endogenous phospholipid involved in multiple immune cell functions and dysregulated in MS. Its receptor LPA1 is expressed in macrophages and regulates their activation, which is of interest due to the role of macrophage activation in MS in both destruction and repair. In this study, we studied the genetic deletion and pharmaceutical inhibition of LPA1 in the mouse MS model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). LPA1 expression was analyzed in EAE mice and MS patient immune cells. The effect of LPA and LPA1 on macrophage activation was studied in human monocyte-derived macrophages. We show that lack of LPA1 activity induces milder clinical EAE course and that Lpar1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) correlates with onset of relapses and severity in EAE. We see the same over-expression in PBMC from MS patients during relapse compared with progressive forms of the disease and in stimulated monocyte-derived macrophages. LPA induced a proinflammatory-like response in macrophages through LPA1, providing a plausible way in which LPA and LPA1 dysregulation can lead to the inflammation in MS. These data show a new mechanism of LPA signaling in the MS pathogenesis, prompting further research into its use as a therapeutic target biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fransson
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UM-75, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ana Isabel Gómez-Conde
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Romero-Imbroda
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Oscar Fernández
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Leyva
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Celine Louapre
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UM-75, F-75005, Paris, France
- Neurology Department Pitié Salpétrière University. Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Baron Van-Evercooren
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UM-75, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Violetta Zujovic
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UM-75, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Beatriz García-Díaz
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UM-75, F-75005, Paris, France.
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
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21
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Hu HB, Song ZQ, Song GP, Li S, Tu HQ, Wu M, Zhang YC, Yuan JF, Li TT, Li PY, Xu YL, Shen XL, Han QY, Li AL, Zhou T, Chun J, Zhang XM, Li HY. LPA signaling acts as a cell-extrinsic mechanism to initiate cilia disassembly and promote neurogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:662. [PMID: 33510165 PMCID: PMC7843646 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20986-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic assembly and disassembly of primary cilia controls embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of ciliogenesis causes human developmental diseases termed ciliopathies. Cell-intrinsic regulatory mechanisms of cilia disassembly have been well-studied. The extracellular cues controlling cilia disassembly remain elusive, however. Here, we show that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a multifunctional bioactive phospholipid, acts as a physiological extracellular factor to initiate cilia disassembly and promote neurogenesis. Through systematic analysis of serum components, we identify a small molecular-LPA as the major driver of cilia disassembly. Genetic inactivation and pharmacological inhibition of LPA receptor 1 (LPAR1) abrogate cilia disassembly triggered by serum. The LPA-LPAR-G-protein pathway promotes the transcription and phosphorylation of cilia disassembly factors-Aurora A, through activating the transcription coactivators YAP/TAZ and calcium/CaM pathway, respectively. Deletion of Lpar1 in mice causes abnormally elongated cilia and decreased proliferation in neural progenitor cells, thereby resulting in defective neurogenesis. Collectively, our findings establish LPA as a physiological initiator of cilia disassembly and suggest targeting the metabolism of LPA and the LPA pathway as potential therapies for diseases with dysfunctional ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Qing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Ping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Qing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Feng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Xue-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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McDonald WS, Miyamoto K, Rivera R, Kennedy G, Almeida BSV, Kingsbury MA, Chun J. Altered cleavage plane orientation with increased genomic aneuploidy produced by receptor-mediated lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in mouse cerebral cortical neural progenitor cells. Mol Brain 2020; 13:169. [PMID: 33317583 PMCID: PMC7734743 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is composed of cells having distinct genomic DNA sequences that arise post-zygotically, known as somatic genomic mosaicism (SGM). One form of SGM is aneuploidy-the gain and/or loss of chromosomes-which is associated with mitotic spindle defects. The mitotic spindle orientation determines cleavage plane positioning and, therefore, neural progenitor cell (NPC) fate during cerebral cortical development. Here we report receptor-mediated signaling by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a novel extracellular signal that influences cleavage plane orientation and produces alterations in SGM by inducing aneuploidy during murine cortical neurogenesis. LPA is a bioactive lipid whose actions are mediated by six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA1-LPA6. RNAscope and qPCR assessment of all six LPA receptor genes, and exogenous LPA exposure in LPA receptor (Lpar)-null mice, revealed involvement of Lpar1 and Lpar2 in the orientation of the mitotic spindle. Lpar1 signaling increased non-vertical cleavage in vivo by disrupting cell-cell adhesion, leading to breakdown of the ependymal cell layer. In addition, genomic alterations were significantly increased after LPA exposure, through production of chromosomal aneuploidy in NPCs. These results identify LPA as a receptor-mediated signal that alters both NPC fate and genomes during cortical neurogenesis, thus representing an extracellular signaling mechanism that can produce stable genomic changes in NPCs and their progeny. Normal LPA signaling in early life could therefore influence both the developing and adult brain, whereas its pathological disruption could contribute to a range of neurological and psychiatric diseases, via long-lasting somatic genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S McDonald
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kyoko Miyamoto
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Richard Rivera
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Grace Kennedy
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | | | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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23
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García-Marchena N, Pizarro N, Pavón FJ, Martínez-Huélamo M, Flores-López M, Requena-Ocaña N, Araos P, Silva-Peña D, Suárez J, Santín LJ, de la Torre R, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Serrano A. Potential association of plasma lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species with cognitive impairment in abstinent alcohol use disorders outpatients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17163. [PMID: 33051508 PMCID: PMC7555527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species are bioactive lipids participating in neurodevelopmental processes. The aim was to investigate whether the relevant species of LPA were associated with clinical features of alcohol addiction. A total of 55 abstinent alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients were compared with 34 age/sex/body mass index-matched controls. Concentrations of total LPA and 16:0-LPA, 18:0-LPA, 18:1-LPA, 18:2-LPA and 20:4-LPA species were quantified and correlated with neuroplasticity-associated growth factors including brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-2, and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). AUD patients showed dysexecutive syndrome (22.4%) and memory impairment (32.6%). Total LPA, 16:0-LPA, 18:0-LPA and 18:1-LPA concentrations, were decreased in the AUD group compared to control group. Total LPA, 16:0-LPA, 18:2-LPA and 20:4-LPA concentrations were decreased in men compared to women. Frontal lobe functions correlated with plasma LPA species. Alcohol-cognitive impairments could be related with the deregulation of the LPA species, especially in 16:0-LPA, 18:1-LPA and 20:4-LPA. Concentrations of BDNF correlated with total LPA, 18:2-LPA and 20:4-LPA species. The relation between LPA species and BDNF is interesting in plasticity and neurogenesis functions, their involvement in AUD might serve as a biomarker of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria García-Marchena
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain. .,Institut D, Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Unidad de Adicciones-Servicio de Medicina Interna, Campus Can Ruti, Carrer del Canyet s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Nieves Pizarro
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Programa de Investigación en Neurociencias, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Pavón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Martínez-Huélamo
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Programa de Investigación en Neurociencias, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Nutrición, Ciencias de los Alimentos y Gastronomía, Facultad de Farmacia y Ciencias de los Alimentos, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Flores-López
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nerea Requena-Ocaña
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Araos
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain.,Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Daniel Silva-Peña
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Suárez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis J Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Programa de Investigación en Neurociencias, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avda. Carlos Haya 82, sótano, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
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24
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Valcárcel-Martín R, Martín-Suárez S, Muro-García T, Pastor-Alonso O, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Estivill-Torrús G, Encinas JM. Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1 Specifically Labels Seizure-Induced Hippocampal Reactive Neural Stem Cells and Regulates Their Division. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:811. [PMID: 32922255 PMCID: PMC7456947 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A population of neural stem cells (NSCs) dwelling in the dentate gyrus (DG) is able to generate neurons throughout adult life in the hippocampus of most mammals. These NSCs generate also astrocytes naturally and are capable of generating oligodendrocytes after gene manipulation. It has been more recently shown that adult hippocampal NSCs after epileptic seizures as well as subventricular zone NSCs after stroke can give rise to reactive astrocytes (RAs). In the hippocampus, the induction of seizures triggers the conversion of NSCs into reactive NSCs (React-NSCs) characterized by a drastic morphological transformation, abnormal migration, and massive activation or entry into the cell cycle to generate more React-NSCs that ultimately differentiate into RAs. In the search for tools to investigate the properties of React-NSCs, we have explored the LPA1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic line of mice in which hippocampal NSCs are specifically labeled due to the expression of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1). We first addressed the validity of the transgene expression as true marker of LPA1 expression and then demonstrated how, after seizures, LPA1-GFP labeled exclusively React-NSCs for several weeks. Then React-NSCs lost LPA1-GFP expression as neurons of the granule cell layer started to express it. Finally, we used knockout for LPA1 transgenic mice to show that LPA1 plays a functional role in the activation of React-NSCs. Thus, we confirmed that LPA1-GFP expression is a valid tool to study both NSCs and React-NSCs and that the LPA1 pathway could be a target in the intent to preserve NSCs after seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Valcárcel-Martín
- The Neural Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Laboratory, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Soraya Martín-Suárez
- The Neural Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Laboratory, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Teresa Muro-García
- The Neural Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Laboratory, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Oier Pastor-Alonso
- The Neural Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Laboratory, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Encinas
- The Neural Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Laboratory, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Ikerbasque, The Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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25
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Harkins D, Cooper HM, Piper M. The role of lipids in ependymal development and the modulation of adult neural stem cell function during aging and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:61-68. [PMID: 32771376 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Within the adult mammalian central nervous system, the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) lining the lateral ventricles houses neural stem cells (NSCs) that continue to produce neurons throughout life. Developmentally, the V-SVZ neurogenic niche arises during corticogenesis following the terminal differentiation of telencephalic radial glial cells (RGCs) into either adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) or ependymal cells. In mice, these two cellular populations form rosettes during the late embryonic and early postnatal period, with ependymal cells surrounding aNSCs. These aNSCs and ependymal cells serve a number of key purposes, including the generation of neurons throughout life (aNSCs), and acting as a barrier between the CSF and the parenchyma and promoting CSF bulk flow (ependymal cells). Interestingly, the development of this neurogenic niche, as well as its ongoing function, has been shown to be reliant on different aspects of lipid biology. In this review we discuss the developmental origins of the rodent V-SVZ neurogenic niche, and highlight research which has implicated a role for lipids in the physiology of this part of the brain. We also discuss the role of lipids in the maintenance of the V-SVZ niche, and discuss new research which has suggested that alterations to lipid biology could contribute to ependymal cell dysfunction in aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyon Harkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Helen M Cooper
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Michael Piper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
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26
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Rivera RR, Lin M, Bornhop EC, Chun J. Conditional Lpar1 gene targeting identifies cell types mediating neuropathic pain. FASEB J 2020; 34:8833-8842. [PMID: 32929779 PMCID: PMC7383719 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000317r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
LPA1 is one of six known receptors (LPA1-6) for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Constitutive Lpar1 null mutant mice have been instrumental in identifying roles for LPA-LPA1 signaling in neurobiological processes, brain development, and behavior, as well as modeling human neurological diseases like neuropathic pain. Constitutive Lpar1 null mutant mice are protected from partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL)-induced neuropathic pain, however, the cell types that are functionally responsible for mediating this protective effect are unknown. Here, we report the generation of an Lpar1flox/flox conditional null mutant mouse that allows for cre-mediated conditional deletion, combined with a PSNL pain model. Lpar1flox/flox mice were crossed with cre transgenic lines driven by neural gene promoters for nestin (all neural cells), synapsin (neurons), or P0 (Schwann cells). CD11b-cre transgenic mice were also used to delete Lpar1 in microglia. PSNL-initiated pain responses were reduced following cre-mediated Lpar1 deletion with all three neural promoters as well as the CD11b promoter, supporting involvement of Schwann cells, central and/or peripheral neurons, and microglia in mediating pain. Interestingly, rescue responses were nonidentical, implicating distinct roles for Lpar1-expressing cell types. Our results with a new Lpar1 conditional mouse mutant expand an understanding of LPA1 signaling in the PSNL model of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R. Rivera
- Degenerative Disease ProgramSanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Mu‐En Lin
- Molecular Biology Department, Dorris Neuroscience CenterThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate ProgramUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Present address:
RevMAb BiosciencesSouth San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Emily C. Bornhop
- Degenerative Disease ProgramSanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Jerold Chun
- Degenerative Disease ProgramSanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
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27
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Lin KH, Chiang JC, Ho YH, Yao CL, Lee H. Lysophosphatidic Acid and Hematopoiesis: From Microenvironmental Effects to Intracellular Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062015. [PMID: 32188052 PMCID: PMC7139687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate hematopoiesis is a complex physiological process that is tightly regulated by intracellular signaling and extracellular microenvironment. In recent decades, breakthroughs in lineage-tracing technologies and lipidomics have revealed the existence of numerous lipid molecules in hematopoietic microenvironment. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive phospholipid molecule, is one of the identified lipids that participates in hematopoiesis. LPA exhibits various physiological functions through activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. The functions of these LPARs have been widely studied in stem cells, while the roles of LPARs in hematopoietic stem cells have rarely been examined. Nonetheless, mounting evidence supports the importance of the LPA-LPAR axis in hematopoiesis. In this article, we have reviewed regulation of hematopoiesis in general and focused on the microenvironmental and intracellular effects of the LPA in hematopoiesis. Discoveries in these areas may be beneficial to our understanding of blood-related disorders, especially in the context of prevention and therapy for anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
| | - Jui-Chung Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ya-Hsuan Ho
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK;
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +8862-3366-2499; Fax: +8862-2363-6837
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28
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Nam SM, Choi SH, Cho HJ, Seo JS, Choi M, Nahm SS, Chang BJ, Nah SY. Ginseng Gintonin Attenuates Lead-Induced Rat Cerebellar Impairments during Gestation and Lactation. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030385. [PMID: 32131481 PMCID: PMC7175158 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gintonin, a novel ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid receptor ligand, improves brain functions and protects neurons from oxidative stress. However, little is known about the effects of gintonin against Pb-induced brain maldevelopment. We investigated the protective effects of gintonin on the developing cerebellum after prenatal and postnatal Pb exposure. Pregnant female rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, Pb (0.3% Pb acetate in drinking water), and Pb plus gintonin (100 mg/kg, p.o.). Blood Pb was increased in dams and pups; gintonin treatment significantly decreased blood Pb. On postnatal day 21, the number of degenerating Purkinje cells was remarkably increased while the number of calbindin-, GAD67-, NMDAR1-, LPAR1-immunoreactive intact Purkinje cells, and GABA transporter 1-immunoreactive pinceau structures were significantly reduced in Pb-exposed offspring. Following Pb exposure, gintonin ameliorated cerebellar degenerative effects, restored increased pro-apoptotic Bax, and decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl2. Gintonin treatment attenuated Pb-induced accumulation of oxidative stress (Nrf2 and Mn-SOD) and inflammation (IL-1β and TNFα,), restoring the decreased cerebellar BDNF and Sirt1. Gintonin ameliorated Pb-induced impairment of myelin basic protein-immunoreactive myelinated fibers of Purkinje cells. Gintonin attenuated Pb-induced locomotor dysfunctions. The present study revealed the ameliorating effects of gintonin against Pb, suggesting the potential use of gintonin as a preventive agent in Pb poisoning during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.N.); (J.S.S.); (M.C.); (S.-S.N.); (B.-J.C.)
| | - Sun-Hye Choi
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Hee-Jung Cho
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Jin Seok Seo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.N.); (J.S.S.); (M.C.); (S.-S.N.); (B.-J.C.)
| | - Minsuk Choi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.N.); (J.S.S.); (M.C.); (S.-S.N.); (B.-J.C.)
| | - Sang-Soep Nahm
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.N.); (J.S.S.); (M.C.); (S.-S.N.); (B.-J.C.)
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.N.); (J.S.S.); (M.C.); (S.-S.N.); (B.-J.C.)
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (H.-J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-4154
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29
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Yanagida K, Valentine WJ. Druggable Lysophospholipid Signaling Pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1274:137-176. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50621-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Chen W, Chiang J, Lin Y, Lin Y, Chuang P, Chang Y, Chen C, Wu K, Hsieh J, Chen S, Huang W, Chen BPC, Lee H. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA 3 prevents oxidative stress and cellular senescence in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13064. [PMID: 31714004 PMCID: PMC6974717 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare laminopathy that produces a mutant form of prelamin A, known as Progerin, resulting in premature aging. HGPS cells show morphological abnormalities of the nuclear membrane, reduced cell proliferation rates, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of senescence markers. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a growth factor‐like lipid mediator that regulates various physiological functions via activating multiple LPA G protein‐coupled receptors. Here, we study the roles of LPA and LPA receptors in premature aging. We report that the protein level of LPA3 was highly downregulated through internalization and the lysosomal degradation pathway in Progerin‐transfected HEK293 cells. By treating Progerin HEK293 cells with an LPA3 agonist (OMPT, 1‐Oleoyl‐2‐O‐methyl‐rac‐glycerophosphothionate) and performing shRNA knockdown of the Lpa3r transcript in these cells, we showed that LPA3 activation increased expression levels of antioxidant enzymes, consequently inhibiting ROS accumulation and ameliorating cell senescence. LPA3 was shown to be downregulated in HGPS patient fibroblasts through the lysosomal pathway, and it was shown to be crucial for ameliorating ROS accumulation and cell senescence in fibroblasts. Moreover, in a zebrafish model, LPA3 deficiency was sufficient to cause premature aging phenotypes in multiple organs, as well as a shorter lifespan. Taken together, these findings identify the decline of LPA3 as a key contributor to the premature aging phenotypes of HGPS cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Min Chen
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Jui‐Chung Chiang
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yueh‐Chien Lin
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Nung Lin
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Yun Chuang
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ya‐Chi Chang
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Chin Chen
- Department of Pathology Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia‐Yi Christian Hospital Chiayi Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Tainan Taiwan
| | - Kao‐Yi Wu
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jung‐Chien Hsieh
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Kuo Chen
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Pang Huang
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Benjamin P. C. Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
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The Novel Perspectives of Adipokines on Brain Health. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225638. [PMID: 31718027 PMCID: PMC6887733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
First seen as a fat-storage tissue, the adipose tissue is considered as a critical player in the endocrine system. Precisely, adipose tissue can produce an array of bioactive factors, including cytokines, lipids, and extracellular vesicles, which target various systemic organ systems to regulate metabolism, homeostasis, and immune response. The global effects of adipokines on metabolic events are well defined, but their impacts on brain function and pathology remain poorly defined. Receptors of adipokines are widely expressed in the brain. Mounting evidence has shown that leptin and adiponectin can cross the blood–brain barrier, while evidence for newly identified adipokines is limited. Significantly, adipocyte secretion is liable to nutritional and metabolic states, where defective circuitry, impaired neuroplasticity, and elevated neuroinflammation are symptomatic. Essentially, neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory properties of adipokines underlie their neuroprotective roles in neurodegenerative diseases. Besides, adipocyte-secreted lipids in the bloodstream can act endocrine on the distant organs. In this article, we have reviewed five adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, chemerin, apelin, visfatin) and two lipokines (palmitoleic acid and lysophosphatidic acid) on their roles involving in eating behavior, neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors in the brain. Understanding and regulating these adipokines can lead to novel therapeutic strategies to counteract metabolic associated eating disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, thus promote brain health.
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González de San Román E, Manuel I, Ledent C, Chun J, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Estivill-Torrús G, Santín LJ, Rodríguez Puertas R. CB 1 and LPA 1 Receptors Relationship in the Mouse Central Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:223. [PMID: 31607860 PMCID: PMC6761275 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurolipids are a class of bioactive lipids that are produced locally through specific biosynthetic pathways in response to extracellular stimuli. Neurolipids are important endogenous regulators of neural cell proliferation, differentiation, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Endocannabinoids (eCBs) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are examples of this type of molecule and are involved in neuroprotection. The present study analyzes a possible relationship of the main receptor subtypes for both neurolipid systems that are present in the central nervous system, the CB1 and LPA1 receptors, by using brain slices from CB1 KO mice and LPA1-null mice. Receptor-mediated G protein activation and glycerophospholipid regulation of potential precursors of their endogenous neurotransmitters were measured by two different in vitro imaging techniques, functional autoradiography and imaging mass spectrometry (IMS), respectively. Possible crosstalk between CB1 and LPA1 receptors was identified in specific areas of the brain, such as the amygdala, where LPA1 receptor activity is upregulated in CB1 KO mice. More evidence of an interaction between both systems was that the CB1-mediated activity was clearly increased in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of LPA1-null mice. The eCB system was specifically over-activated in regions where LPA1 has an important signaling role during embryonic development. The modifications on phospholipids (PLs) observed in these genetically modified mice by using the IMS technique indicated the regulation of some of the PL precursors of both LPA and eCBs in specific brain areas. For example, phosphatidylcholine (PC) (36:1) was detected as a potential LPA precursor, and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (40:6) and PE (p18:0/22:6) as potential eCB precursors. The absence of the main cerebral receptors for LPA or eCB systems is able to induce modulation on the other at the levels of both signaling and synthesis of endogenous neurotransmitters, indicating adaptive responses between both systems during prenatal and/or postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Manuel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Catherine Ledent
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain, 5 Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain, 5 Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Santín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain, 5 Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain.,Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Rodríguez Puertas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
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Tabbai S, Moreno-Fernández RD, Zambrana-Infantes E, Nieto-Quero A, Chun J, García-Fernández M, Estivill-Torrús G, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Oliveira TG, Pérez-Martín M, Pedraza C. Effects of the LPA 1 Receptor Deficiency and Stress on the Hippocampal LPA Species in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:146. [PMID: 31244601 PMCID: PMC6580287 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an important bioactive lipid species that functions in intracellular signaling through six characterized G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6). Among these receptors, LPA1 is a strong candidate to mediate the central effects of LPA on emotion and may be involved in promoting normal emotional behaviors. Alterations in this receptor may induce vulnerability to stress and predispose an individual to a psychopathological disease. In fact, mice lacking the LPA1 receptor exhibit emotional dysregulation and cognitive alterations in hippocampus-dependent tasks. Moreover, the loss of this receptor results in a phenotype of low resilience with dysfunctional coping in response to stress and induces anxiety and several behavioral and neurobiological changes that are strongly correlated with mood disorders. In fact, our group proposes that maLPA1-null mice represent an animal model of anxious depression. However, despite the key role of the LPA-LPA1-pathway in emotion and stress coping behaviors, the available information describing the mechanisms by which the LPA-LPA1-pathway regulates emotion is currently insufficient. Because activation of LPA1 requires LPA, here, we used a Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization mass spectrometry-based approach to evaluate the effects of an LPA1 receptor deficiency on the hippocampal levels of LPA species. Additionally, the impact of stress on the LPA profile was also examined in both wild-type (WT) and the Malaga variant of LPA1-null mice (maLPA1-null mice). Mice lacking LPA1 did not exhibit gross perturbations in the hippocampal LPA species, but the LPA profile was modified, showing an altered relative abundance of 18:0 LPA. Regardless of the genotype, restraint stress produced profound changes in all LPA species examined, revealing that hippocampal LPA species are a key target of stress. Finally, the relationship between the hippocampal levels of LPA species and performance in the elevated plus maze was established. To our knowledge, this study is the first to detect, identify and profile LPA species in the hippocampus of both LPA1-receptor null mice and WT mice at baseline and after acute stress, as well as to link these LPA species with anxiety-like behaviors. In conclusion, the hippocampal LPA species are a key target of stress and may be involved in psychopathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tabbai
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Román Dario Moreno-Fernández
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Emma Zambrana-Infantes
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Andrea Nieto-Quero
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Maria García-Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología y Medicina Deportiva, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Tiago Gil Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Margarita Pérez-Martín
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Pedraza
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Franier BDL, Thompson M. Early stage detection and screening of ovarian cancer: A research opportunity and significant challenge for biosensor technology. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 135:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ladrón de Guevara‐Miranda D, Moreno‐Fernández RD, Gil‐Rodríguez S, Rosell‐Valle C, Estivill‐Torrús G, Serrano A, Pavón FJ, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Castilla‐Ortega E. Lysophosphatidic acid-induced increase in adult hippocampal neurogenesis facilitates the forgetting of cocaine-contextual memory. Addict Biol 2019; 24:458-470. [PMID: 29480526 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Erasing memories of cocaine-stimuli associations might have important clinical implications for addiction therapy. Stimulating hippocampal plasticity by enhancing adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is a promising strategy because the addition of new neurons may not only facilitate new learning but also modify previous connections and weaken retrograde memories. To investigate whether increasing AHN prompted the forgetting of previous contextual cocaine associations, mice trained in a cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm were administered chronic intracerebroventricular infusions of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, an endogenous lysophospholipid with pro-neurogenic actions), ki16425 (an LPA1/3 receptor antagonist) or a vehicle solution, and they were tested 23 days later for CPP retention and extinction. The results of immunohistochemical experiments showed that the LPA-treated mice exhibited reduced long-term CPP retention and an approximately twofold increase in the number of adult-born hippocampal cells that differentiated into mature neurons. Importantly, mediation analyses confirmed a causal role of AHN in reducing CPP maintenance. In contrast, the ki16425-treated mice displayed aberrant responses, with initially decreased CPP retention that progressively increased across the extinction sessions, leading to no effect on AHN. The pharmacological treatments did not affect locomotion or general exploratory or anxiety-like responses. In a second experiment, normal and LPA1 -receptor-deficient mice were acutely infused with LPA, which revealed that LPA1 -mediated signaling was required for LPA-induced proliferative actions. These results suggest that the LPA/LPA1 pathway acts as a potent in vivo modulator of AHN and highlight the potential usefulness of pro-AHN strategies to treat aberrant cognition in those addicted to cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ladrón de Guevara‐Miranda
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad de Málaga Spain
| | - Román Darío Moreno‐Fernández
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad de Málaga Spain
| | - Sara Gil‐Rodríguez
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad de Málaga Spain
| | - Cristina Rosell‐Valle
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad de Málaga Spain
- Unidad de Producción de Reprogramación CelularGMP‐Iniciativa Andaluza en Terapia Avanzadas, Junta de Andalucía Spain
| | - Guillermo Estivill‐Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Spain
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Spain
| | - Francisco J. Pavón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Spain
| | - Luis J. Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad de Málaga Spain
| | - Estela Castilla‐Ortega
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Spain
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36
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Inhibition of TNF-α-induced neuronal apoptosis by antidepressants acting through the lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA1. Apoptosis 2019; 24:478-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Kim NH, Sadra A, Park HY, Oh SM, Chun J, Yoon JK, Huh SO. HeLa E-Box Binding Protein, HEB, Inhibits Promoter Activity of the Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Gene Lpar1 in Neocortical Neuroblast Cells. Mol Cells 2019; 42:123-134. [PMID: 30622227 PMCID: PMC6399008 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an endogenous lysophospholipid with signaling properties outside of the cell and it signals through specific G protein-coupled receptors, known as LPA1-6. For one of its receptors, LPA1 (gene name Lpar1), details on the cis-acting elements for transcriptional control have not been defined. Using 5'RACE analysis, we report the identification of an alternative transcription start site of mouse Lpar1 and characterize approximately 3,500 bp of non-coding flanking sequence 5' of mouse Lpar1 gene for promoter activity. Transient transfection of cells derived from mouse neocortical neuroblasts with constructs from the 5' regions of mouse Lpar1 gene revealed the region between -248 to +225 serving as the basal promoter for Lpar1. This region also lacks a TATA box. For the region between -761 to -248, a negative regulatory element affected the basal expression of Lpar1. This region has three E-box sequences and mutagenesis of these E-boxes, followed by transient expression, demonstrated that two of the E-boxes act as negative modulators of Lpar1. One of these E-box sequences bound the HeLa E-box binding protein (HEB), and modulation of HEB levels in the transfected cells regulated the transcription of the reporter gene. Based on our data, we propose that HEB may be required for a proper regulation of Lpar1 expression in the embryonic neocortical neuroblast cells and to affect its function in both normal brain development and disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Ho Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Ali Sadra
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Hee-Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Sung-Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, CA 92037,
USA
| | - Jeong Kyo Yoon
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538,
Korea
| | - Sung-Oh Huh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
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38
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Yang F, Chen GX. Production of extracellular lysophosphatidic acid in the regulation of adipocyte functions and liver fibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4132-4151. [PMID: 30271079 PMCID: PMC6158478 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i36.4132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a glycerophospholipid, consists of a glycerol backbone connected to a phosphate head group and an acyl chain linked to sn-1 or sn-2 position. In the circulation, LPA is in sub-millimolar range and mainly derived from hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine, a process mediated by lysophospholipase D activity in proteins such as autotaxin (ATX). Intracellular and extracellular LPAs act as bioactive lipid mediators with diverse functions in almost every mammalian cell type. The binding of LPA to its receptors LPA1-6 activates multiple cellular processes such as migration, proliferation and survival. The production of LPA and activation of LPA receptor signaling pathways in the events of physiology and pathophysiology have attracted the interest of researchers. Results from studies using transgenic and gene knockout animals with alterations of ATX and LPA receptors genes, have revealed the roles of LPA signaling pathways in metabolic active tissues and organs. The present review was aimed to summarize recent progresses in the studies of extracellular and intracellular LPA production pathways. This includes the functional, structural and biochemical properties of ATX and LPA receptors. The potential roles of LPA production and LPA receptor signaling pathways in obesity, insulin resistance and liver fibrosis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guo-Xun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
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Moreno-Fernández RD, Nieto-Quero A, Gómez-Salas FJ, Chun J, Estivill-Torrús G, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Pérez-Martín M, Pedraza C. Effects of genetic deletion versus pharmacological blockade of the LPA 1 receptor on depression-like behaviour and related brain functional activity. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.035519. [PMID: 30061118 PMCID: PMC6177006 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.035519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of psychopathology are particularly useful for studying the neurobiology of depression and characterising the subtypes. Recently, our group was the first to identify a possible relationship between the LPA1 receptor and a mixed anxiety-depression phenotype. Specifically, maLPA1-null mice exhibited a phenotype characterised by depressive and anxious features. However, the constitutive lack of the gene encoding the LPA1 receptor (Lpar1) can induce compensatory mechanisms that might have resulted in the observed deficits. Therefore, in the present study, we have compared the impact of permanent loss and acute pharmacological inhibition of the LPA1 receptor on despair-like behaviours and on the functional brain map associated with these behaviours, as well as on the degree of functional connectivity among structures. Although the antagonist (intracerebroventricularly administered Ki16425) mimicked some, but not all, effects of genetic deletion of the LPA1 receptor on the results of behavioural tests and engaged different brain circuits, both treatments induced depression-like behaviours with an agitation component that was linked to functional changes in key brain regions involved in the stress response and emotional regulation. In addition, both Ki16425 treatment and LPA1 receptor deletion modified the functional brain maps in a way similar to the changes observed in depressed patients. In summary, the pharmacological and genetic approaches could ultimately assist in dissecting the function of the LPA1 receptor in emotional regulation and brain responses, and a combination of those approaches might provide researchers with an opportunity to develop useful drugs that target the LPA1 receptor as treatments for depression, mainly the anxious subtype. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Animal models of psychopathology are useful for studying the neurobiology of depression. Here, we have assessed by pharmacological approach and knockout models the contribution of the LPA-LPA1 signalling pathway to anxious depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Darío Moreno-Fernández
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Andrea Nieto-Quero
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gómez-Salas
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga 29010, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga 29010, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Margarita Pérez-Martín
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Carmen Pedraza
- Departamento de Psicobiologia y Metodologia en las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
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Lidgerwood GE, Pitson SM, Bonder C, Pébay A. Roles of lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate in stem cell biology. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 72:42-54. [PMID: 30196008 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are unique in their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types. Because of these features, stem cells are key to the formation of organisms and play fundamental roles in tissue regeneration and repair. Mechanisms controlling their fate are thus fundamental to the development and homeostasis of tissues and organs. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are bioactive phospholipids that play a wide range of roles in multiple cell types, during developmental and pathophysiological events. Considerable evidence now demonstrates the potent roles of LPA and S1P in the biology of pluripotent and adult stem cells, from maintenance to repair. Here we review their roles for each main category of stem cells and explore how those effects impact development and physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Lidgerwood
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Claudine Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alice Pébay
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Ramesh S, Govindarajulu M, Suppiramaniam V, Moore T, Dhanasekaran M. Autotaxin⁻Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071827. [PMID: 29933579 PMCID: PMC6073975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain contains various forms of lipids that are important for maintaining its structural integrity and regulating various signaling cascades. Autotaxin (ATX) is an ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-2 enzyme that hydrolyzes extracellular lysophospholipids into the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA is a major bioactive lipid which acts through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and plays an important role in mediating cellular signaling processes. The majority of synthesized LPA is derived from membrane phospholipids through the action of the secreted enzyme ATX. Both ATX and LPA are highly expressed in the central nervous system. Dysfunctional expression and activity of ATX with associated changes in LPA signaling have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review focuses on the current understanding of LPA signaling, with emphasis on the importance of the autotaxin–lysophosphatidic acid (ATX–LPA) pathway and its alterations in AD and a brief note on future therapeutic applications based on ATX–LPA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Dario MFR, Sara T, Estela CO, Margarita PM, Guillermo ET, Fernando RDF, Javier SL, Carmen P. Stress, Depression, Resilience and Ageing: A Role for the LPA-LPA1 Pathway. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:271-283. [PMID: 28699486 PMCID: PMC5843979 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170710200352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress affects health and the quality of life, with its effects being particularly relevant in ageing due to the psychobiological characteristics of this population. However, while some people develop psychiatric disorders, especially depression, others seem very capable of dealing with adversity. There is no doubt that along with the identification of neurobiological mechanisms involved in developing depression, discovering which factors are involved in positive adaptation under circumstances of extreme difficulty will be crucial for promoting resilience. METHODS Here, we review recent work in our laboratory, using an animal model lacking the LPA1 receptor, together with pharmacological studies and clinical evidence for the possible participation of the LPA1 receptor in mood and resilience to stress. RESULTS Substantial evidence has shown that the LPA1 receptor is involved in emotional regulation and in coping responses to chronic stress, which, if dysfunctional, may induce vulnerability to stress and predisposition to the development of depression. Given that there is commonality of mechanisms between those involved in negative consequences of stress and in ageing, this is not surprising, considering that the LPA1 receptor may be involved in coping with adversity during ageing. CONCLUSION Alterations in this receptor may be a susceptibility factor for the presence of depression and cognitive deficits in the elderly population. However, because this is only a promising hypothesis based on previous data, future studies should focus on the involvement of the LPA-LPA1 pathway in coping with stress and resilience in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moreno-Fernández Román Dario
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga; Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Tabbai Sara
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga; Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Castilla-Ortega Estela
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga 29010, Spain
| | - Pérez-Martín Margarita
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de
Málaga; Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Estivill-Torrús Guillermo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitarios de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga 29010, Spain
| | - Santin Luis Javier
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga; Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Pedraza Carmen
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las CC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga; Málaga 29071, Spain
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Sánchez-Marín L, Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda D, Mañas-Padilla MC, Alén F, Moreno-Fernández RD, Díaz-Navarro C, Pérez-Del Palacio J, García-Fernández M, Pedraza C, Pavón FJ, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Serrano A, Castilla-Ortega E. Systemic blockade of LPA 1/3 lysophosphatidic acid receptors by ki16425 modulates the effects of ethanol on the brain and behavior. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:189-201. [PMID: 29378212 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The systemic administration of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) LPA1/3 receptor antagonists is a promising clinical tool for cancer, sclerosis and fibrosis-related diseases. Since LPA1 receptor-null mice engage in increased ethanol consumption, we evaluated the effects of systemic administration of an LPA1/3 receptor antagonist (intraperitoneal ki16425, 20 mg/kg) on ethanol-related behaviors as well as on brain and plasma correlates. Acute administration of ki16425 reduced motivation for ethanol but not for saccharine in ethanol self-administering Wistar rats. Mouse experiments were conducted in two different strains. In Swiss mice, ki16425 treatment reduced both ethanol-induced sedation (loss of righting reflex, LORR) and ethanol reward (escalation in ethanol consumption and ethanol-induced conditioned place preference, CPP). Furthermore, in the CPP-trained Swiss mice, ki16425 prevented the effects of ethanol on basal c-Fos expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and on adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. In the c57BL6/J mouse strain, however, no effects of ki16425 on LORR or voluntary drinking were observed. The c57BL6/J mouse strain was then evaluated for ethanol withdrawal symptoms, which were attenuated when ethanol was preceded by ki16425 administration. In these animals, ki16425 modulated the expression of glutamate-related genes in brain limbic regions after ethanol exposure; and peripheral LPA signaling was dysregulated by either ki16425 or ethanol. Overall, these results suggest that LPA1/3 receptor antagonists might be a potential new class of drugs that are suitable for treating or preventing alcohol use disorders. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that systemic ki16425 showed poor brain penetration, suggesting the involvement of peripheral events to explain its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-Marín
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain
| | - David Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Mañas-Padilla
- Centro de Experimentación Animal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Alén
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain
| | - Román D Moreno-Fernández
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
| | - Caridad Díaz-Navarro
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento 34, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - José Pérez-Del Palacio
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento 34, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - María García-Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Pedraza
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Pavón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis J Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain.
| | - Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain.
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Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) give rise to billions of cells during development and are critical for proper brain formation. The finding that NSPCs persist throughout adulthood has challenged the view that the brain has poor regenerative abilities and raised hope for stem cell-based regenerative therapies. For decades there has been a strong movement towards understanding the requirements of NSPCs and their regulation, resulting in the discovery of many transcription factors and signaling pathways that can influence NSPC behavior and neurogenesis. However, the role of metabolism for NSPC regulation has only gained attention recently. Lipid metabolism in particular has been shown to influence proliferation and neurogenesis, offering exciting new possible mechanisms of NSPC regulation, as lipids are not only the building blocks of membranes, but can also act as alternative energy sources and signaling entities. Here I review the recent literature examining the role of lipid metabolism for NSPC regulation and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen Knobloch
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Metabolism, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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45
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Olianas MC, Dedoni S, Onali P. LPA 1 is a key mediator of intracellular signalling and neuroprotection triggered by tetracyclic antidepressants in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 2017; 143:183-197. [PMID: 28815598 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Both lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and antidepressants have been shown to affect neuronal survival and differentiation, but whether LPA signalling participates in the action of antidepressants is still unknown. In this study, we examined the role of LPA receptors in the regulation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) activity and neuronal survival by the tetracyclic antidepressants, mianserin and mirtazapine in hippocampal neurons. In HT22 immortalized hippocampal cells, antidepressants and LPA induced a time- and concentration-dependent stimulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. This response was inhibited by either LPA1 and LPA1/3 selective antagonists or siRNA-induced LPA1 down-regulation, and enhanced by LPA1 over-expression. Conversely, the selective LPA2 antagonist H2L5186303 had no effect. Antidepressants induced cyclic AMP response element binding protein phosphorylation and this response was prevented by LPA1 blockade. ERK1/2 stimulation involved pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins, Src tyrosine kinases and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF-R) activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation of FGF-R was enhanced by antidepressants through LPA1 . Serum withdrawal induced apoptotic death, as indicated by increased annexin V staining, caspase activation and cleavage of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase. Antidepressants inhibited the apoptotic cascade and this protective effect was curtailed by blockade of either LPA1 , ERK1/2 or FGF-R activity. Moreover, in primary mouse hippocampal neurons, mianserin acting through LPA1 increased phospho-ERK1/2 and protected from apoptosis induced by removal of growth supplement. These data indicate that in neurons endogenously expressed LPA1 receptors mediate intracellular signalling and neuroprotection by tetracyclic antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Olianas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Simona Dedoni
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Onali
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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46
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Peñalver A, Campos-Sandoval JA, Blanco E, Cardona C, Castilla L, Martín-Rufián M, Estivill-Torrús G, Sánchez-Varo R, Alonso FJ, Pérez-Hernández M, Colado MI, Gutiérrez A, de Fonseca FR, Márquez J. Glutaminase and MMP-9 Downregulation in Cortex and Hippocampus of LPA 1 Receptor Null Mice Correlate with Altered Dendritic Spine Plasticity. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:278. [PMID: 28928633 PMCID: PMC5591874 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an extracellular lipid mediator that regulates nervous system development and functions acting through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here we explore the crosstalk between LPA1 receptor and glutamatergic transmission by examining expression of glutaminase (GA) isoforms in different brain areas isolated from wild-type (WT) and KOLPA1 mice. Silencing of LPA1 receptor induced a severe down-regulation of Gls-encoded long glutaminase protein variant (KGA) (glutaminase gene encoding the kidney-type isoforms, GLS) protein expression in several brain regions, particularly in brain cortex and hippocampus. Immunohistochemical assessment of protein levels for the second type of glutaminase (GA) isoform, glutaminase gene encoding the liver-type isoforms (GLS2), did not detect substantial differences with regard to WT animals. The regional mRNA levels of GLS were determined by real time RT-PCR and did not show significant variations, except for prefrontal and motor cortex values which clearly diminished in KO mice. Total GA activity was also significantly reduced in prefrontal and motor cortex, but remained essentially unchanged in the hippocampus and rest of brain regions examined, suggesting activation of genetic compensatory mechanisms and/or post-translational modifications to compensate for KGA protein deficit. Remarkably, Golgi staining of hippocampal regions showed an altered morphology of glutamatergic pyramidal cells dendritic spines towards a less mature filopodia-like phenotype, as compared with WT littermates. This structural change correlated with a strong decrease of active matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of KOLPA1 mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that LPA signaling through LPA1 influence expression of the main isoenzyme of glutamate biosynthesis with strong repercussions on dendritic spines maturation, which may partially explain the cognitive and learning defects previously reported for this colony of KOLPA1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Peñalver
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - José A Campos-Sandoval
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Eduardo Blanco
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaMálaga, Spain
| | - Carolina Cardona
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Laura Castilla
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Martín-Rufián
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaMálaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Varo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Alonso
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Pérez-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de OctubreMadrid, Spain
| | - María I Colado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de OctubreMadrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaMálaga, Spain
| | - Javier Márquez
- Canceromics Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosMálaga, Spain
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Schmitz K, Brunkhorst R, de Bruin N, Mayer CA, Häussler A, Ferreiros N, Schiffmann S, Parnham MJ, Tunaru S, Chun J, Offermanns S, Foerch C, Scholich K, Vogt J, Wicker S, Lötsch J, Geisslinger G, Tegeder I. Dysregulation of lysophosphatidic acids in multiple sclerosis and autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:42. [PMID: 28578681 PMCID: PMC5457661 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Bioactive lipids contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. Here, we show that lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) are dysregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS) and are functionally relevant in this disease. LPAs and autotaxin, the major enzyme producing extracellular LPAs, were analyzed in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in a cross-sectional population of MS patients and were compared with respective data from mice in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, spontaneous EAE in TCR1640 mice, and EAE in Lpar2-/- mice. Serum LPAs were reduced in MS and EAE whereas spinal cord LPAs in TCR1640 mice increased during the ‘symptom-free’ intervals, i.e. on resolution of inflammation during recovery hence possibly pointing to positive effects of brain LPAs during remyelination as suggested in previous studies. Peripheral LPAs mildly re-raised during relapses but further dropped in refractory relapses. The peripheral loss led to a redistribution of immune cells from the spleen to the spinal cord, suggesting defects of lymphocyte homing. In support, LPAR2 positive T-cells were reduced in EAE and the disease was intensified in Lpar2 deficient mice. Further, treatment with an LPAR2 agonist reduced clinical signs of relapsing-remitting EAE suggesting that the LPAR2 agonist partially compensated the endogenous loss of LPAs and implicating LPA signaling as a novel treatment approach. Graphical abstract Graphical summary of lysophosphatidic signaling in multiple sclerosis![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40478-017-0446-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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48
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maLPA1-null mice as an endophenotype of anxious depression. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1077. [PMID: 28375206 PMCID: PMC5416683 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxious depression is a prevalent disease with devastating consequences and a poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this mood disorder remain poorly characterized. The LPA1 receptor is one of the six characterized G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6) through which lysophosphatidic acid acts as an intracellular signalling molecule. The loss of this receptor induces anxiety and several behavioural and neurobiological changes that have been strongly associated with depression. In this study, we sought to investigate the involvement of the LPA1 receptor in mood. We first examined hedonic and despair-like behaviours in wild-type and maLPA1 receptor null mice. Owing to the behavioural response exhibited by the maLPA1-null mice, the panic-like reaction was assessed. In addition, c-Fos expression was evaluated as a measure of the functional activity, followed by interregional correlation matrices to establish the brain map of functional activation. maLPA1-null mice exhibited anhedonia, agitation and increased stress reactivity, behaviours that are strongly associated with the psychopathological endophenotype of depression with anxiety features. Furthermore, the functional brain maps differed between the genotypes. The maLPA1-null mice showed increased limbic-system activation, similar to that observed in depressive patients. Antidepressant treatment induced behavioural improvements and functional brain normalisation. Finally, based on validity criteria, maLPA1-null mice are proposed as an animal model of anxious depression. Here, for we believe the first time, we have identified a possible relationship between the LPA1 receptor and anxious depression, shedding light on the unknown neurobiological basis of this subtype of depression and providing an opportunity to explore new therapeutic targets for the treatment of mood disorders, especially for the anxious subtype of depression.
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49
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Sattikar A, Dowling MR, Rosethorne EM. Endogenous lysophosphatidic acid (LPA 1 ) receptor agonists demonstrate ligand bias between calcium and ERK signalling pathways in human lung fibroblasts. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:227-237. [PMID: 27864940 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Human lung fibroblasts (HLF) express high levels of the LPA1 receptor, a GPCR that responds to the endogenous lipid mediator, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Several molecular species or analogues of LPA exist and have been detected in biological fluids such as serum and plasma. The most widely expressed of the LPA receptor family is the LPA1 receptor, which predominantly couples to Gq/11 , Gi/o and G12/13 proteins. This promiscuity of coupling raises the possibility that some of the LPA analogues may bias the LPA1 receptor towards one signalling pathway over another. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Here, we have explored the signalling profiles of a range of LPA analogues in HLF that endogenously express the LPA1 receptor. HLF were treated with LPA analogues and receptor activation monitored via calcium mobilization and ERK phosphorylation. KEY RESULTS These analyses demonstrated that the 16:0, 17:0, 18:2 and C18:1 LPA analogues appear to exhibit ligand bias between ERK phosphorylation and calcium mobilization when compared with 18:1 LPA, one of the most abundant forms of LPA that has been found in human plasma. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The importance of LPA as a key signalling molecule is shown by its widespread occurrence in biological fluids and its association with disease conditions such as fibrosis and cancer. These findings have important, as yet unexplored, implications for the (patho-) physiological signalling of the LPA1 receptor, as it may be influenced not only by the concentration of endogenous ligand but the isoform as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Sattikar
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Horsham, UK
| | - Mark R Dowling
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Rosethorne
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Horsham, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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50
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Frisca F, Colquhoun D, Goldshmit Y, Änkö ML, Pébay A, Kaslin J. Role of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 in the midline axis formation of zebrafish. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37678. [PMID: 27883058 PMCID: PMC5121889 DOI: 10.1038/srep37678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a unique bioactive lysophospholipid that induces pleiotropic effects in various cell types and organisms by acting on its specific receptors. LPA is mainly synthetised extracellularly by the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2/autotaxin (enpp2). Altered LPA signalling is associated with embryonic abnormalities, suggesting critical roles for LPA during development. However, the role of LPA signalling during early embryogenesis is not well established. We demonstrate that enpp2/LPA signalling in the early zebrafish embryo results in altered axis and midline formation, defects in left right (L-R) patterning, ciliogenesis of the Kupffer’s vesicle (KV), through the modulation of cell migration during gastrulation in a lpar1–3 Rho/ROCK-dependant manner. Overall, this study demonstrates an essential role of enpp2/LPA signalling during early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frisca Frisca
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital &Ophthalmology, the University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Australia
| | - Daniel Colquhoun
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia
| | - Yona Goldshmit
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia.,Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Minna-Liisa Änkö
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Alice Pébay
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital &Ophthalmology, the University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Australia
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia
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