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Li J, Liu H, Fu H, Yang Y, Wu Z. An Isofibrous Diet with Fiber Konjac Glucomannan Ameliorates Salmonella typhimurium-Induced Colonic Injury by Regulating TLR2-NF-κB Signaling and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13415-13430. [PMID: 38824655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that dietary konjac glucomannan (KGM) could alleviate Salmonella typhimurium-induced colitis by modulating intestinal microbiota. Mice were fed an isocaloric and isofibrous diet supplemented with either 7% KGM or cellulose and were treated with 5 × 108 CFU of S. typhimurium. The results showed that KGM had an average molecular weight of 936 kDa and predominantly consisted of mannose and glucose at a molar ratio of 1:1.22. In vivo studies demonstrated that dietary KGM effectively mitigated colonic lesions, oxidative stress, disruption of tight junction protein 2 and occludin, and the inflammatory response induced by S. typhimurium. Moreover, KGM administration alleviated the dramatic upregulation of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and phosphonuclear factor κB (NF-κB) protein abundance, induced by Salmonella treatment. Notably, dietary KGM restored the reduced Muribaculaceae and Lactobacillus abundance and increased the abundance of Blautia and Salmonella in S. typhimurium-infected mice. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the gut microbiota improved by KGM contribute to inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress. These results demonstrated the protective effects of dietary KGM against colitis by modulating the gut microbiota and the TLR2-NF-κB signaling pathway in response to Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Huiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Scott JS, Li A, Wardill HR. Role of mucositis in predicting gut microbiota composition in people with cancer. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2024; 18:73-77. [PMID: 38652454 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Disruption of the precious ecosystem of micro-organisms that reside in the gut - the gut microbiota - is rapidly emerging as a key driver of the adverse side effects/toxicities caused by numerous anti-cancer agents. Although the contribution of the gut microbiota to these toxicities is understood with ever increasing precision, the cause of microbial disruption (dysbiosis) remains poorly understood. Here, we discuss current evidence on the cause(s) of dysbiosis after cancer therapy, positioning breakdown of the intestinal mucosa (mucositis) as a central cause. RECENT FINDINGS Dysbiosis in people with cancer has historically been attributed to extensive antibiotic use. However, evidence now suggests that certain antibiotics have minimal impacts on the microbiota. Indeed, recent evidence shows that the type of cancer therapy predicts microbiota composition independently of antibiotics. Given most anti-cancer drugs have modest effects on microbes directly, this suggests that their impact on the gut microenvironment, in particular the mucosa, which is highly vulnerable to cytotoxicity, is a likely cause of dysbiosis. Here, we outline evidence that support this hypothesis, and discuss the associated clinical implications/opportunities. SUMMARY The concept that mucositis dictates microbiota compositions provides two important implications for clinical practice. Firstly, it reiterates the importance of prioritising the development of novel mucoprotectants that preserve mucosal integrity, and indirectly support microbial stability. Secondly, it provides an opportunity to identify dysbiotic events and associated consequences using readily accessible, minimally invasive biomarkers of mucositis such as plasma citrulline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui S Scott
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide
- Supportive Oncology Research Group, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anna Li
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide
- Supportive Oncology Research Group, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hannah R Wardill
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide
- Supportive Oncology Research Group, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
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Liang L, Su X, Guan Y, Wu B, Zhang X, Nian X. Correlation between intestinal flora and GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment-A preliminary longitudinal study. iScience 2024; 27:109784. [PMID: 38711446 PMCID: PMC11070333 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are presently used as the first-line drugs for the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It can regulate blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion and lowering glucagon levels. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to detect structural changes in the composition of the intestinal flora of newly diagnosed T2DM after 1 and 48 weeks of dulaglutide administration. Our research found no significant changes in the intestinal flora after the administration of dulaglutide for 1 week to subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM. Nevertheless, after 48 weeks of dulaglutide administration, the composition of the intestinal flora changed significantly, with a significant reduction in the abundance of intestinal flora. Furthermore, we found that fasting glucose levels, fasting c-peptide levels, HbA1c levels, and BMI are also closely associated with intestinal flora. This reveals that intestinal flora may be one of the mechanisms by which dulaglutide treats T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - XiaoYun Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaxin Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Nian
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Yang W, Xi C, Yao H, Yuan Q, Zhang J, Chen Q, Wu G, Hu J. Oral administration of lysozyme protects against injury of ileum via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis after severe traumatic brain injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1304218. [PMID: 38352055 PMCID: PMC10861676 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1304218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The current study sought to clarify the role of lysozyme-regulated gut microbiota and explored the potential therapeutic effects of lysozyme on ileum injury induced by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and bacterial pneumonia in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods Male 6-8-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into Normal group (N), Sham group (S), sTBI group (T), sTBI + or Lysozyme-treated group (L), Normal + Lysozyme group (NL) and Sham group + Lysozyme group (SL). At the day 7 after establishment of the model, mice were anesthetized and the samples were collected. The microbiota in lungs and fresh contents of the ileocecum were analyzed. Lungs and distal ileum were used to detect the degree of injury. The number of Paneth cells and the expression level of lysozyme were assessed. The bacterial translocation was determined. Intestinal organoids culture and co-coculture system was used to test whether lysozyme remodels the intestinal barrier through the gut microbiota. Results After oral administration of lysozyme, the intestinal microbiota is rebalanced, the composition of lung microbiota is restored, and translocation of intestinal bacteria is mitigated. Lysozyme administration reinstates lysozyme expression in Paneth cells, thereby reducing intestinal permeability, pathological score, apoptosis rate, and inflammation levels. The gut microbiota, including Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Alistipes, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus, play a crucial role in regulating and improving intestinal barrier damage and modulating Paneth cells in lysozyme-treated mice. A co-culture system comprising intestinal organoids and brain-derived proteins (BP), which demonstrated that the BP effectively downregulated the expression of lysozyme in intestinal organoids. However, supplementation of lysozyme to this co-culture system failed to restore its expression in intestinal organoids. Conclusion The present study unveiled a virtuous cycle whereby oral administration of lysozyme restores Paneth cell's function, mitigates intestinal injury and bacterial translocation through the remodeling of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Caihua Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijun Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
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Jiang X, Li H, Ma J, Li H, Ma X, Tang Y, Li J, Chi X, Deng Y, Zeng S, Liu Z. Role of Type VI secretion system in pathogenic remodeling of host gut microbiota during Aeromonas veronii infection. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae053. [PMID: 38531781 PMCID: PMC11014884 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal microbial disturbance is a direct cause of host disease. The bacterial Type VI secretion system (T6SS) often plays a crucial role in the fitness of pathogenic bacteria by delivering toxic effectors into target cells. However, its impact on the gut microbiota and host pathogenesis is poorly understood. To address this question, we characterized a new T6SS in the pathogenic Aeromonas veronii C4. First, we validated the secretion function of the core machinery of A. veronii C4 T6SS. Second, we found that the pathogenesis and colonization of A. veronii C4 is largely dependent on its T6SS. The effector secretion activity of A. veronii C4 T6SS not only provides an advantage in competition among bacteria in vitro, but also contributes to occupation of an ecological niche in the nutritionally deficient and anaerobic environment of the host intestine. Metagenomic analysis showed that the T6SS directly inhibits or eliminates symbiotic strains from the intestine, resulting in dysregulated gut microbiome homeostasis. In addition, we identified three unknown effectors, Tse1, Tse2, and Tse3, in the T6SS, which contribute to T6SS-mediated bacterial competition and pathogenesis by impairing targeted cell integrity. Our findings highlight that T6SS can remodel the host gut microbiota by intricate interplay between T6SS-mediated bacterial competition and altered host immune responses, which synergistically promote pathogenesis of A. veronii C4. Therefore, this newly characterized T6SS could represent a general interaction mechanism between the host and pathogen, and may offer a potential therapeutic target for controlling bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jiang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hanzeng Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiayue Ma
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanqiong Tang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xue Chi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yong Deng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sheng Zeng
- Susheng Biotech (Hainan) Co., Ltd, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Li L, Jiang Y, Zhu Q, Liu D, Chang M, Wang Y, Xi R, Wang W. Hyaluronan with Different Molecular Weights Can Affect the Gut Microbiota and Pathogenetic Progression of Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Mice in Different Ways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119757. [PMID: 37298710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) poses a serious threat to the health of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors, and effective treatment options are currently lacking. With increasing survival rates of ICU patients worldwide, there is a rising interest in developing methods to alleviate PICS symptoms. This study aimed to explore the potential of using Hyaluronan (HA) with different molecular weights as potential drugs for treating PICS in mice. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were used to establish a PICS mice model, and high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) or oligo-HA were used as therapeutic agents. Pathological and physiological changes of PICS mice in each group were monitored. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to dissect gut microbiota discrepancies. The results showed that both molecular weights of HA could increase the survival rate of PICS mice at the experimental endpoint. Specifically, 1600 kDa-HA can alleviate PICS in a short time. In contrast, 3 kDa-HA treatment decreased PICS model survivability in the early stages of the experiment. Further, via 16S rRNA sequence analysis, we observed the changes in the gut microbiota in PICS mice, thereby impairing intestinal structure and increasing inflammation. Additionally, both types of HA can reverse this change. Moreover, compared to 1600 kDa-HA, 3 kDa-HA can significantly elevate the proportion of probiotics and reduce the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Desulfovibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae). In conclusion, HA holds the advantage of being a potential therapeutic drug for PICS, but different molecular weights can lead to varying effects. Moreover, 1600 kDa-HA showed promise as a protective agent in PICS mice, and caution should be taken to its timing when considering using 3 kDa-HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingkai Chang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yongzhe Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruitong Xi
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab., College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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