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Liu YL, Chen JS, An JH, Cai ZG, Lan JC, Li Y, Kong XW, Zhang MY, Hou R, Wang DH. Characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes derived from giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) endometrium. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:550-563. [PMID: 37639049 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Conservation of genetic resources is an important way to protect endangered species. At present, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated from the bone marrow and umbilical cords of giant pandas. However, the types and quantities of preserved cell resources were rare and limited, and none of MSCs was derived from female reproductive organs. Here, we first isolated MSCs from the endometrium of giant panda. These cells showed fibroblast morphology and expressed Sox2, Klf4, Thy1, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD49f, and CD105. Endometrium mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) of giant panda could induce differentiation into three germ layers in vitro. RNA-seq analysis showed that 833 genes were upregulated and 716 genes were downregulated in eMSCs compared with skin fibroblast cells. The results of GO and the KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly focused on transporter activity, signal transducer activity, pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, MAPK signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The genes PLCG2, FRK, JAK3, LYN, PIK3CB, JAK2, CBLB, and MET were identified as hub genes by PPI network analysis. In addition, the exosomes of eMSCs were also isolated and identified. The average diameter of exosomes was 74.26 ± 13.75 nm and highly expressed TSG101 and CD9 but did not express CALNEXIN. A total of 277 miRNAs were detected in the exosomes; the highest expression of miRNA was the has-miR-21-5p. A total of 14461 target genes of the whole miRNAs were predicted and proceeded with functional analysis. In conclusion, we successfully isolated and characterized the giant panda eMSCs and their exosomes, and analyzed their functions through bioinformatics techniques. It not only enriched the conservation types of giant panda cell resources and promoted the protection of genetic diversity, but also laid a foundation for the application of eMSCs and exosomes in the disease treatment of giant pandas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Liang Liu
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Jia-Song Chen
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Jun-Hui An
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Cai
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Jing-Chao Lan
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Xiang-Wei Kong
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Ming-Yue Zhang
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Rong Hou
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Dong-Hui Wang
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China.
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China.
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610081, China.
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Cryobanking European Mink (Mustela lutreola) Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Oocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169319. [PMID: 36012583 PMCID: PMC9408899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The European mink (Mustela lutreola) is one of Europe’s most endangered species, and it is on the brink of extinction in the Iberian Peninsula. The species’ precarious situation requires the application of new ex situ conservation methodologies that complement the existing ex situ and in situ conservation measures. Here, we report for the first time the establishment of a biobank for European mink mesenchymal stem cells (emMSC) and oocytes from specimens found dead in the Iberian Peninsula, either free or in captivity. New emMSC lines were isolated from different tissues: bone marrow (emBM-MSC), oral mucosa (emOM-MSc), dermal skin (emDS-MSC), oviduct (emO-MSc), endometrium (emE-MSC), testicular (emT-MSC), and adipose tissue from two different adipose depots: subcutaneous (emSCA-MSC) and ovarian (emOA-MSC). All eight emMSC lines showed plastic adhesion, a detectable expression of characteristic markers of MSCs, and, when cultured under osteogenic and adipogenic conditions, differentiation capacity to these lineages. Additionally, we were able to keep 227 Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) in the biobank, 97 of which are grade I or II. The European mink MSC and oocyte biobank will allow for the conservation of the species’ genetic variability, the application of assisted reproduction techniques, and the development of in vitro models for studying the molecular mechanisms of infectious diseases that threaten the species’ precarious situation.
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