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Iacobellis G, Goldberger JJ, Lamelas J, Martinez CA, Sterling CM, Bodenstab M, Frasca D. Liraglutide effects on epicardial adipose tissue micro-RNAs and intra-operative glucose control. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0939-4753(24)00329-6. [PMID: 39277531 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays a role in coronary artery disease (CAD). EAT has regional distribution throughout the heart and each location may have a different genetic profile and function. Glucagon like peptide-1 receptor analogs (GLP-1RAs) reduce cardiovascular risk. However, the short-term effects of GLP-1RA on microRNA (miRNA) profile of each EAT location is unknown. Objective was to evaluate if EAT miRNAs were different between coronary (CORO-EAT), left atrial EAT (LA-EAT) and subcutaneous fat (SAT), and liraglutide can modulate EAT miRNAs expression. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 38 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) who were started on either liraglutide or placebo for a minimum of 4 up to 12 weeks prior to coronary artery by-pass grafting (CABG). Fat samples were collected during CABG. miR16, miR155 and miR181a were significantly higher in CORO-EAT and in LA-EAT than SAT (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) in overall patients. miR16 and miR181-a were significantly higher in CORO-EAT than SAT (p < 0.01), and miR155 and miR181a were higher in LA-EAT than SAT (p < 0.05) in the liraglutide group. Liraglutide-treated patients had better intra-op glucose control than placebo (146 ± 21 vs 160 ± 21 mg/dl, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that CORO- and LA-miRNAs profiles were significantly different than SAT miRNAs in overall patients and miRNAs were significantly higher in CORO-EAT and LA-EAT than SAT in the liraglutide group. Pre-op liraglutide was also associated with better intra operative glucose control than placebo independently of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Iacobellis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Jeffrey J Goldberger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joseph Lamelas
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Claudia A Martinez
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carlos Munoz Sterling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Monica Bodenstab
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Simantiris S, Pappa A, Papastamos C, Korkonikitas P, Antoniades C, Tsioufis C, Tousoulis D. Perivascular Fat: A Novel Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1830. [PMID: 39202318 PMCID: PMC11353828 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) interacts with the vascular wall and secretes bioactive factors which regulate vascular wall physiology. Vice versa, vascular wall inflammation affects the adjacent PVAT via paracrine signals, which induce cachexia-type morphological changes in perivascular fat. These changes can be quantified in pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT), as an increase in PCAT attenuation in coronary computed tomography angiography images. Fat attenuation index (FAI), a novel imaging biomarker, measures PCAT attenuation around coronary artery segments and is associated with coronary artery disease presence, progression, and plaque instability. Beyond its diagnostic capacity, PCAT attenuation can also ameliorate cardiac risk stratification, thus representing an innovative prognostic biomarker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, technical, biological, and anatomical factors are weakly related to PCAT attenuation and cause variation in its measurement. Thus, to integrate FAI, a research tool, into clinical practice, a medical device has been designed to provide FAI values standardized for these factors. In this review, we discuss the interplay of PVAT with the vascular wall, the diagnostic and prognostic value of PCAT attenuation, and its integration as a CVD risk marker in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Simantiris
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.S.)
| | - Aikaterini Pappa
- Cardiology Department, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, 14233 Nea Ionia, Greece
| | - Charalampos Papastamos
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.S.)
| | | | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Constantinos Tsioufis
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.S.)
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.S.)
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Liu X, Yuan M, Zhao D, Zeng Q, Li W, Li T, Li Q, Zhuo Y, Luo M, Chen P, Wang L, Feng W, Zhou Z. Single-Nucleus Transcriptomic Atlas of Human Pericoronary Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1628-1645. [PMID: 38813696 PMCID: PMC11208064 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pericoronary epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a unique visceral fat depot that surrounds the adventitia of the coronary arteries without any anatomic barrier. Clinical studies have demonstrated the association between EAT volume and increased risks for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the association remain elusive. METHODS We performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing on pericoronary EAT samples collected from 3 groups of subjects: patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery for severe CAD (n=8), patients with CAD with concomitant type 2 diabetes (n=8), and patients with valvular diseases but without concomitant CAD and type 2 diabetes as the control group (n=8). Comparative analyses were performed among groups, including cellular compositional analysis, cell type-resolved transcriptomic changes, gene coexpression network analysis, and intercellular communication analysis. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to confirm the presence of CAD-associated subclusters. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering of 73 386 nuclei identified 15 clusters, encompassing all known cell types in the adipose tissue. Distinct subpopulations were identified within primary cell types, including adipocytes, adipose stem and progenitor cells, and macrophages. CD83high macrophages and FOSBhigh adipocytes were significantly expanded in CAD. In comparison to normal controls, both disease groups exhibited dysregulated pathways and altered secretome in the primary cell types. Nevertheless, minimal differences were noted between the disease groups in terms of cellular composition and transcriptome. In addition, our data highlight a potential interplay between dysregulated circadian clock and altered physiological functions in adipocytes of pericoronary EAT. ANXA1 (annexin A1) and SEMA3B (semaphorin 3B) were identified as important adipokines potentially involved in functional changes of pericoronary EAT and CAD pathogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We built a complete single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of human pericoronary EAT in normal and diseased conditions of CAD. Our study lays the foundation for developing novel therapeutic strategies for treating CAD by targeting and modifying pericoronary EAT functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Danni Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (Q.L., P.C., L.W., W.F.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Center of Vascular Surgery (Y.Z., M.L.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Center of Vascular Surgery (Y.Z., M.L.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Central-China Subcenter of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Cardiovascular Disease Center, Fuwai Central-China Cardiovascular Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China (M.L.)
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China (M.L.)
| | - Pengfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (Q.L., P.C., L.W., W.F.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (Q.L., P.C., L.W., W.F.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (Q.L., P.C., L.W., W.F.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Q.L., Y.Z., M.L., P.C., L.W., W.F., Z.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Laboratory Medicine (X.L., M.Y., D.Z., Q.Z., W.L., T.L., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
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Romero-Becera R, Santamans AM, Arcones AC, Sabio G. From Beats to Metabolism: the Heart at the Core of Interorgan Metabolic Cross Talk. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:98-125. [PMID: 38051123 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00018.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart, once considered a mere blood pump, is now recognized as a multifunctional metabolic and endocrine organ. Its function is tightly regulated by various metabolic processes, at the same time it serves as an endocrine organ, secreting bioactive molecules that impact systemic metabolism. In recent years, research has shed light on the intricate interplay between the heart and other metabolic organs, such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle. The metabolic flexibility of the heart and its ability to switch between different energy substrates play a crucial role in maintaining cardiac function and overall metabolic homeostasis. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of how metabolic disorders disrupt cardiac metabolism is crucial, as it plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of cardiac diseases. The emerging understanding of the heart as a metabolic and endocrine organ highlights its essential contribution to whole body metabolic regulation and offers new insights into the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we provide an in-depth exploration of the heart's metabolic and endocrine functions, emphasizing its role in systemic metabolism and the interplay between the heart and other metabolic organs. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests a correlation between heart disease and other conditions such as aging and cancer, indicating that the metabolic dysfunction observed in these conditions may share common underlying mechanisms. By unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying cardiac metabolism, we aim to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and improve overall cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alba C Arcones
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
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Dogan N, Ozuynuk-Ertugrul AS, Balkanay OO, Yildiz CE, Guclu-Geyik F, Kirsan CB, Coban N. Examining the effects of coronary artery disease- and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes' and microRNAs' expression levels on metabolic disorders in epicardial adipose tissue. Gene 2024; 895:147988. [PMID: 37977322 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) surrounds the heart and coronary arteries and is important for comprehending the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis- and CAD-related genes and miRNAs in EAT by comparing them to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in CAD, diabetes, and obesity subgroups. METHODS In this study, a total of 93 individuals were recruited, and EAT samples (63 CAD; 30 non-CAD) and VAT samples from 65 individuals (46 CAD; 19 non-CAD) were collected. For further analysis, the study population was divided according to obesity and diabetes status. PRKAA1, PPARGC1A, SIRT1, RELA, TNFA, and miR-155-5p, let-7g-5p, miR-1247-5p, miR-326 expression levels were examined. RESULTS PRKAA1 and let-7g-5p were differentially expressed in EAT compared to VAT. TNFA expression was upregulated significantly in both tissues of CAD patients. In EAT, PRKAA1, PPARGC1A, and SIRT1 were downregulated with diabetes. Moreover, PPARGC1A expression is decreased under the condition of obesity in both tissues. EAT expressions of miR-1247-5p and miR-326 were downregulated with obesity, while miR-155-5p is decreased only in the VAT of obese. Also, miRNAs and genes were correlated with biochemical parameters and each other in EAT and VAT (p < 0.050). CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrating distinct let-7g-5p and AMPKα1 mRNA expression between EAT and VAT underscores the importance of tissue-specific regulation in different clinical outcomes. In addition, the differential expressions of investigated genes and miRNAs highlight their responsiveness to obesity, DM, and CAD in adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Dogan
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aybike S Ozuynuk-Ertugrul
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan O Balkanay
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cenk E Yildiz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Guclu-Geyik
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemre B Kirsan
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Coban
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Song Y, Tan Y, Deng M, Shan W, Zheng W, Zhang B, Cui J, Feng L, Shi L, Zhang M, Liu Y, Sun Y, Yi W. Epicardial adipose tissue, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases: recent advances classified by research methodologies. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e413. [PMID: 37881786 PMCID: PMC10594046 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is located between the myocardium and visceral pericardium. The unique anatomy and physiology of the EAT determines its great potential in locally influencing adjacent tissues such as the myocardium and coronary arteries. Classified by research methodologies, this study reviews the latest research progress on the role of EAT in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly in patients with metabolic disorders. Studies based on imaging techniques demonstrated that increased EAT amount in patients with metabolic disorders is associated with higher risk of CVDs and increased mortality. Then, in-depth profiling studies indicate that remodeled EAT may serve as a local mediator of the deleterious effects of cardiometabolic conditions and plays a crucial role in CVDs. Further, in vitro coculture studies provided preliminary evidence that the paracrine effect of remodeled EAT on adjacent cardiomyocytes can promote the occurrence and progression of CVDs. Considering the important role of EAT in CVDs, targeting EAT might be a potential strategy to reduce cardiovascular risks. Several interventions have been proved effective in reducing EAT amount. Our review provides valuable insights of the relationship between EAT, metabolic disorders, and CVDs, as well as an overview of the methodological constructs of EAT-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Song
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yanzhen Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of General MedicineXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wenju Shan
- Department of General MedicineXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wenying Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jun Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Lele Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of General MedicineXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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Carena MC, Badi I, Polkinghorne M, Akoumianakis I, Psarros C, Wahome E, Kotanidis CP, Akawi N, Antonopoulos AS, Chauhan J, Sayeed R, Krasopoulos G, Srivastava V, Farid S, Walcot N, Douglas G, Channon KM, Casadei B, Antoniades C. Role of Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue-Derived miR-92a-3p in Myocardial Redox State. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:317-332. [PMID: 37468187 PMCID: PMC10368522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral obesity is directly linked to increased cardiovascular risk, including heart failure. OBJECTIVES This study explored the ability of human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate the myocardial redox state and clinical outcomes. METHODS This study screened for miRNAs expressed and released from human EAT and tested for correlations with the redox state in the adjacent myocardium in paired EAT/atrial biopsy specimens from patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Three miRNAs were then tested for causality in an in vitro model of cardiomyocytes. At a clinical level, causality/directionality were tested using genome-wide association screening, and the underlying mechanisms were explored using human biopsy specimens, as well as overexpression of the candidate miRNAs and their targets in vitro and in vivo using a transgenic mouse model. The final prognostic value of the discovered targets was tested in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, followed up for a median of 8 years. RESULTS EAT miR-92a-3p was related to lower oxidative stress in human myocardium, a finding confirmed by using genetic regulators of miR-92a-3p in the human heart and EAT. miR-92a-3p reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase-derived superoxide (O2.-) by targeting myocardial expression of WNT5A, which regulated Rac1-dependent activation of NADPH oxidases. Finally, high miR-92a-3p levels in EAT were independently related with lower risk of adverse cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS EAT-derived miRNAs exert paracrine effects on the human heart. Indeed miR-92a-3p suppresses the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5a/Rac1/NADPH oxidase axis and improves the myocardial redox state. EAT-derived miR-92a-3p is related to improved clinical outcomes and is a rational therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Carena
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ileana Badi
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Murray Polkinghorne
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Costas Psarros
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Wahome
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christos P Kotanidis
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Akawi
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alexios S Antonopoulos
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jagat Chauhan
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rana Sayeed
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - George Krasopoulos
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vivek Srivastava
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shakil Farid
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Walcot
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Keith M Channon
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Casadei
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Fitzgibbons TP. Epicardial Adipose-Derived miR92a-3p: Stress Reduction Therapy? J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:333-335. [PMID: 37468188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Fitzgibbons
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Massachusetts Chan School of Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
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Qiao XR, Zheng T, Xie Y, Yao X, Yuan Z, Wu Y, Zhou D, Chen T. MiR-146a rs2910164 (G/C) polymorphism is associated with the development and prognosis of acute coronary syndromes: an observational study including case control and validation cohort. J Transl Med 2023; 21:325. [PMID: 37189131 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The purpose of this study was to assess the association of miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-34b rs4938723 polymorphisms with the development and prognosis of ACS and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A case-control study of 1171 subjects was included to determine the association of miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-34b rs4938723 polymorphisms with ACS risk. An additional 612 patients with different miR-146a rs2910164 genotypes, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in the validation cohort and followed for 14 to 60 months. The endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). A luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the interaction of oxi-miR-146a(G) with the IKBA 3'UTR. Potential mechanisms were validated using immunoblotting and immunostaining. RESULTS The miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of ACS (Dominant model: CG + GG vs. CC, OR = 1.270, 95% CI (1.000-1.613), P = 0.049; Recessive model: GG vs. CC + CG, OR = 1.402, 95% CI (1.017-1.934), P = 0.039). Serum inflammatory factor levels were higher in patients with the miR-146a rs2910164 G allele than in those with the C allele. MiR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism in dominant model was associated with the incidence of MACE in post-PCI patients (CG + GG vs. CC, HR = 1.405, 95% CI (1.018-1.939), P = 0.038). However, the miR-34b rs4938723 polymorphism was not associated with the prevalence and prognosis of ACS. The G allele of miR-146a rs2910164 tends to be oxidized in ACS patients. The miRNA fractions purified from monocytes isolated from ACS patients were recognized by the 8OHG antibody. Mispairing of Oxi-miR-146a(G) with the 3'UTR of IKBA results in decreased IκBα protein expression and activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. P65 expression was higher in atherosclerotic plaques from patients carrying the miR-146a rs2910164 G allele. CONCLUSION The variant of miR-146a rs2910164 is closely associated with the risk of ACS in Chinese Han population. Patients carrying miR-146a rs2910164 G allele may have worse pathological change and poorer post-PCI prognosis, partly due to the oxidatively modified miR-146a mispairing with 3'UTR of IKBA and activating NF-κB inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Rui Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yifei Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 439 XuanHua Road, Chongqing, 402160, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Kim IK, Song BW, Lim S, Kim SW, Lee S. The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue-Derived MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:498. [PMID: 37106699 PMCID: PMC10135702 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have been leading cause of death worldwide for many decades, and obesity has been acknowledged as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In the present review, human epicardial adipose tissue-derived miRNAs reported to be differentially expressed under pathologic conditions are discussed and summarized. The results of the literature review indicate that some of the epicardial adipose tissue-derived miRNAs are believed to be cardioprotective, while some others show quite the opposite effects depending on the underlying pathologic conditions. Furthermore, they suggest that that the epicardial adipose tissue-derived miRNAs have great potential as both a diagnostic and therapeutic modality. Nevertheless, mainly due to highly limited availability of human samples, it is very difficult to make any generalized claims on a given miRNA in terms of its overall impact on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, further functional investigation of a given miRNA including, but not limited to, the study of its dose effect, off-target effects, and potential toxicity is required. We hope that this review can provide novel insights to transform our current knowledge on epicardial adipose tissue-derived miRNAs into clinically viable therapeutic strategies for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
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11
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Pan J, Yin J, Gan L, Xue J. Two-sided roles of adipose tissue: Rethinking the obesity paradox in various human diseases from a new perspective. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13521. [PMID: 36349390 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity, as a result of excess fat accumulation, have become a worldwide public health issue. Recent studies have shown that obesity is closely related to many human diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in which adipose tissue plays a dual role. In addition to thermal and mechanical insulation and a critical role in energy storage and heat production, adipose tissue is also a highly plastic endocrine and signaling organ that secretes multiple bioactive molecules for inter-organ crosstalk. The phenotypic and biological changes of adipose tissue under pathological conditions, especially in obesity, increase the challenge of deciphering the positive or negative effects of adipose tissue in disease. Despite numerous studies on obesity and adipose tissue, the ambiguous role of adipose tissue on specific organs or tissues in different diseases is not fully understood, and the definite mechanisms remain obscure. In this review, we first summarize the basic biological characteristics of adipose tissue in the physiological state and the abnormal remodeling of adipose tissue during obesity. We then discuss the complex and disparate effects of obesity on various human diseases, with a particular focus on the dual roles and underlying mechanisms of adipose tissue, a quintessential player in obesity, in this process. More importantly, rethinking the causes of the "obesity paradox" phenomenon in diseases from the perspective of adipose homeostasis and dysfunction provides a novel strategy for disease treatment by intervening in fat function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianqiong Yin
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Research Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Li L, Dai F, Wang L, Sun Y, Mei L, Ran Y, Ye F. CCL13 and human diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176639. [PMID: 37153575 PMCID: PMC10154514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CCL13/MCP-4 belongs to the CC chemokine family, which induces chemotaxis in many immune cells. Despite extensive research into its function in numerous disorders, a thorough analysis of CCL13 is not yet accessible. The role of CCL13 in human disorders and existing CCL13-focused therapies are outlined in this study. The function of CCL13 in rheumatic diseases, skin conditions, and cancer is comparatively well-established, and some studies also suggest that it may be involved in ocular disorders, orthopedic conditions, nasal polyps, and obesity. We also give an overview of research that found very little evidence of CCL13 in HIV, nephritis, and multiple sclerosis. Even though CCL13-mediated inflammation is frequently linked to disease pathogenesis, it's fascinating to note that in some conditions, like primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and suicide, it might even act as a preventative measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laifu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fei Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Dai,
| | - Lianli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yating Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fangchen Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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13
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Zhang XZ, Chen XL, Tang TT, Zhang S, Li QL, Xia N, Nie SF, Zhang M, Zhu ZF, Zhou ZH, Dong NG, Cheng X. T lymphocyte characteristics and immune repertoires in the epicardial adipose tissue of heart failure patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1126997. [PMID: 36960061 PMCID: PMC10027920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1126997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) acts as an active immune organ and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). However, the characteristics of immune cells in EAT of HF patients have rarely been elucidated. Methods To identify key immune cells in EAT, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed on public datasets. EAT samples with paired subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), heart, and peripheral blood samples from HF patients were collected in validation experiments. T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire was assessed by high-throughput sequencing. The phenotypic characteristics and key effector molecules of T lymphocytes in EAT were assessed by flow cytometry and histological staining. Results Compared with SAT, EAT was enriched for immune activation-related genes and T lymphocytes. Compared with EAT from the controls, activation of T lymphocytes was more pronounced in EAT from HF patients. T lymphocytes in EAT of HF patients were enriched by highly expanded clonotypes and had greater TCR clonotype sharing with cardiac tissue relative to SAT. Experiments confirmed the abundance of IFN-γ+ effector memory T lymphocytes (TEM) in EAT of HF patients. CCL5 and GZMK were confirmed to be associated with T lymphocytes in EAT of HF patients. Conclusion EAT of HF patients was characterized by pronounced immune activation of clonally expanded IFN-γ+ TEM and a generally higher degree of TCR clonotypes sharing with paired cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Li Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin-Lin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ni Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shao-Fang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Feng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Hua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Cheng, ; Nian-Guo Dong, ; Zi-Hua Zhou,
| | - Nian-Guo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Cheng, ; Nian-Guo Dong, ; Zi-Hua Zhou,
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Cheng, ; Nian-Guo Dong, ; Zi-Hua Zhou,
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Depot-specific adipose tissue modulation by SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 agonists mediates their cardioprotective effects in metabolic disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1631-1651. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20220404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are newer antidiabetic drug classes, which were recently shown to decrease cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. CV benefits of these drugs could not be directly attributed to their blood glucose lowering capacity possibly implicating a pleotropic effect as a mediator of their impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Particularly, preclinical and clinical studies indicate that SGLT-2i(s) and GLP-1 receptor agonists are capable of differentially modulating distinct adipose pools reducing the accumulation of fat in some depots, promoting the healthy expansion of others, and/or enhancing their browning, leading to the suppression of the metabolically induced inflammatory processes. These changes are accompanied with improvements in markers of cardiac structure and injury, coronary and vascular endothelial healing and function, vascular remodeling, as well as reduction of atherogenesis. Here, through a summary of the available evidence, we bring forth our view that the observed CV benefit in response to SGLT-2i or GLP-1 agonists therapy might be driven by their ameliorative impact on adipose tissue inflammation.
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In Silico Identification of Key Genes and Immune Infiltration Characteristics in Epicardial Adipose Tissue from Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5610317. [PMID: 36345357 PMCID: PMC9637040 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5610317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study is aimed at identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and relevant biological processes and pathways associated with epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We also explored potential biomarkers using two machine-learning algorithms and calculated the immune cell infiltration in EAT. Materials and Methods Three datasets (GSE120774, GSE64554, and GSE24425) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The GSE120774 dataset was used to evaluate DEGs between EAT of CAD patients and the control group. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to study associated biological functions and mechanisms using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). After this, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) were performed to identify the feature genes related to CAD. The expression level of the feature genes was validated in GSE64554 and GSE24425. Finally, we calculated the immune cell infiltration and evaluated the correlation between the feature genes and immune cells using CIBERSORT. Results We identified a total of 130 upregulated and 107 downregulated genes in GSE120774. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs are associated with several pathways, including the calcium signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades, ferroptosis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, lipid and atherosclerosis, and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. TCF21, CDH19, XG, and NNAT were identified as feature genes and validated in the GSE64554 and GSE24425 datasets. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed plasma cells are significantly more numerous in EAT than in the control group (p = 0.001), whereas macrophage M0 (p = 0.024) and resting mast cells (p = 0.036) were significantly less numerous. TCF21, CDH19, XG, and NNAT were correlated with immune cells, including plasma cells, M0 macrophages, and resting mast cells. Conclusion TCF21, CDH19, XG, and NNAT might serve as feature genes for CAD, providing new insights for future research on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
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Marketou M, Kontaraki J, Kalogerakos P, Plevritaki A, Chlouverakis G, Kassotakis S, Maragkoudakis S, Danelatos C, Zervakis S, Savva E, Vardas P, Kochiadakis G, Lazopoulos G. Differences in MicroRNA Expression in Pericoronary Adipose Tissue in Coronary Artery Disease Compared to Severe Valve Dysfunction. Angiology 2022:33197221121617. [PMID: 36214765 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221121617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) is a source of microRNAs (miRs) that act as messengers for intercellular communication. We investigated whether the PCAT surrounding significant coronary atherosclerotic lesions shows specific miR expression patterns compared with PCAT surrounding plaque-free segments. We included 49 patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) and 19 patients with severe valvular disease but no CAD, who underwent elective cardiac surgery. The PCAT was harvested from two sites: adjacent to a significant atherosclerotic coronary lesion and from plaque-free segments. miR-133a, miR-21, miR-26b, miR-9, and miR-143 levels in PCAT cells were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (data expressed as arbitrary units). Expression of miR-133, miR-21, and miR-26b in adipose tissue at a site without atherosclerotic lesion was much lower in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (0.82 ± 1.37 vs 1.86 ± 0.52, P < .001, 0.45 ± 1.3 vs 1.51 ± 1.11, P < .001, 0.3 ± 1.25 vs 1.2 ± 0.73, P = .02, respectively). In addition, miR-133, miR-21, and miR-143 in CAD patients showed significantly greater expression in PCAT from atherosclerotic lesion compared with plaque-free segments (1.32 ± 0.96 vs 0.82 ± 0.37 (P = .011), 0.91 ± 1.7 vs 0.3 ± 1.25 (P = .012), 1.2 ± 1.59 vs 0.43 ± 0.54 (P < .001), respectively). Our findings open new perspectives for the role of PCAT in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marketou
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Joanna Kontaraki
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, 37778School of Medicine, University of CreteUniversity, Crete, Greece
| | - Paris Kalogerakos
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Anthoula Plevritaki
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Gregory Chlouverakis
- Department of Biostatistics, 37778School of Medicine, University of CreteUniversity, Crete, Greece
| | - Spyridon Kassotakis
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Christos Danelatos
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Stelios Zervakis
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Savva
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | | | - George Kochiadakis
- Cardiology Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - George Lazopoulos
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 551975Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
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17
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Wu JG, Yang WK, Huang HZ, Tang K, Zheng GD. MiRNA-6870-3p Regulates Lipopolysaccharide Induced Epicardial Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Genes via Targeting Tollip-Mediated JNK and NF-κB Signaling in Coronary Artery Disease. Int Heart J 2022; 63:915-927. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Wu
- Department of Cardiac and Macrovascular Surgery, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang
| | - Wen-kai Yang
- Department of Cardiac and Macrovascular Surgery, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang
| | - Hao-Zong Huang
- Department of Cardiac and Macrovascular Surgery, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiac and Macrovascular Surgery, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang
| | - Guang-Di Zheng
- Department of Cardiac and Macrovascular Surgery, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang
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18
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Flinn B, Adams C, Chowdhury N, Gress T, Santanam N. Profiling of Non-Coding Regulators and Their Targets in Epicardial Fat from Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105297. [PMID: 35628106 PMCID: PMC9141930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicardial fat is a continuously growing target of investigation in cardiovascular diseases due to both its anatomical proximity to the heart and coronary circulation and its unique physiology among adipose depots. Previous reports have demonstrated that epicardial fat plays key roles in coronary artery disease, but the non-coding RNA and transcriptomic alterations of epicardial fat in coronary artery disease have not been investigated thoroughly. Micro- and lncRNA microarrays followed by GO-KEGG functional enrichment analysis demonstrated sex-dependent unique mi/lncRNAs altered in human epicardial fat in comparison to subcutaneous fat in both patients with and without coronary artery disease (IRB approved). Among the 14 differentially expressed microRNAs in epicardial fat between patients with and without coronary artery disease, the hsa-miR-320 family was the most highly represented. IPW lncRNA interacted with three of these differentially expressed miRNAs. Next-generation sequencing and pathway enrichment analysis identified six unique mRNAs–miRNA pairs. Pathway enrichment identified inflammation, adipogenesis, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis as the most represented functions altered by the mi/lncRNAs and atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction among the highest cardiovascular pathologies associated with them. Overall, the epicardial fat in patients with coronary artery disease has a unique mi/lncRNA profile which is sex-dependent and has potential implications for regulating cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendin Flinn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Christopher Adams
- Department of Cardiology, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Nepal Chowdhury
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, St. Mary’s Medical Center, Huntington, WV 25702, USA;
| | - Todd Gress
- Research Service, Hershel “Woody” Williams VA Medical Center, Huntington, WV 25704, USA;
| | - Nalini Santanam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(304)-696-7321
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19
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Antonopoulos AS, Angelopoulos A, Tsioufis K, Antoniades C, Tousoulis D. Cardiovascular risk stratification by coronary computed tomography angiography imaging: current state-of-the-art. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:608-624. [PMID: 33930129 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current cardiovascular risk stratification by use of clinical risk score systems or plasma biomarkers is good but less than satisfactory in identifying patients at residual risk for coronary events. Recent clinical evidence puts now further emphasis on the role of coronary anatomy assessment by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for the management of patients with stable ischaemic heart disease. Available computed tomography (CT) technology allows the quantification of plaque burden, identification of high-risk plaques, or the functional assessment of coronary lesions for ischaemia detection and revascularization for refractory angina symptoms. The current CT armamentum is also further enhanced by perivascular Fat Attenuation Index (FAI), a non-invasive metric of coronary inflammation, which allows for the first time the direct quantification of the residual vascular inflammatory burden. Machine learning and radiomic features' extraction and spectral CT for tissue characterization are also expected to maximize the diagnostic and prognostic yield of CCTA. The combination of anatomical, functional, and biological information on coronary circulation by CCTA offers a unique toolkit for the risk stratification of patients, and patient selection for targeted aggressive prevention strategies. We hereby provide a review of the current state-of-the art in the field and discuss how integrating the full capacities of CCTA into clinical care pathways opens new opportunities for the tailored management of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios S Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
- RDM Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford Academic CT Programme, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Andreas Angelopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tsioufis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- RDM Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford Academic CT Programme, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
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20
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The Detection and Verification of Two Heterogeneous Subgroups and a Risk Model Based on Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1182383. [PMID: 35313563 PMCID: PMC8934225 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1182383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
#Background. Because of the heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the complex nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), the long-term efficacy of therapy continues to be a clinical challenge. It is necessary to classify and refine the appropriate treatment intervention decision-making in this kind of tumor. Methods. We used “ConsensusClusterPlus” to establish a stable molecular classification based on the ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) expression obtained from FerrDb. The clinical features, immune infiltration, DNA damage, and genomic changes of different subclasses were evaluated. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) method and univariate Cox regression were utilized to construct the ferroptosis-related prognosis risk score (FPRS) model, and the association between the FPRS model and HCC molecular characteristics, immune features, and immunotherapy was studied. Results. We identified two ferroptosis subclasses, C1 with poor prognosis and a higher proportion of patients in the middle and late stages infected with HBV and HCV, having higher DNA damage including aneuploidy, HRD, fraction altered, and the number of segments, and higher probability of gene mutation and copy number mutation. FPRS model was constructed on the basis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between C1 and C2, which showed a higher area under the curve (AUC) in predicting overall survival rate in the training set and independent verification cohort and could reflect the clinical characteristics and response to immunotherapy of different patients, being an independent prognostic factor of HCC. Conclusion. Here, we revealed two novel molecular subgroups based on FRGs and develop an FPRS model consisting of six genes that can help predict prognosis and select patients suitable for immunotherapy.
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21
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Du Y, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Hu C, Sun Y, Zhang D, Lv S, Cheng Y, Han H, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhou Y. Expression profiles of long noncoding and messenger RNAs in epicardial adipose tissue derived from patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2022; 20:189-200. [PMID: 35049433 DOI: 10.2174/1570161120666220114095320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given its close anatomical location to the heart and its endocrine properties, attention on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has increased. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in EAT derived from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS EAT samples from 8 CAD and 8 non-CAD patients were obtained during open-heart surgery. The expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs in each EAT sample was investigated using microarray analysis and further verified using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Overall, 1,093 differentially expressed mRNAs and 2,282 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified in EAT from CAD vs non-CAD patients. Analysis using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes showed that these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in various inflammatory, immune, and metabolic processes. They were also involved in osteoclast differentiation, B cell receptor and adipocytokine signaling, and insulin resistance pathways. Additionally, lncRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-target pathway networks were built to identify potential core genes (e.g. Lnc-CCDC68-2:1, AC010148.1, NONHSAT104810) involved in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. CONCLUSION In summary, lncRNA and mRNA profiles in EAT were markedly different between CAD and non-CAD patients. Our study identifies several potential key genes and pathways that may participate in atherosclerosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Sai Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yujing Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Hongya Han
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China
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22
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PINHO ARYANEC, BURGEIRO ANA, PEREIRA MARIAJOÃO, CARVALHO EUGENIA. Drug-induced metabolic alterations in adipose tissue - with an emphasis in epicardial adipose tissue. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - EUGENIA CARVALHO
- University of Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Portugal; APDP-Portuguese Diabetes Association, Portugal
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23
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Jiang C, Wang R, Zong B, Wei P, Lu W, Han B, Xu Y. Subgroup Identification with Gene Expression Profiles of Adipose Tissue in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Int Heart J 2021; 62:1199-1206. [PMID: 34744146 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Among many diseases, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. With the aim of revealing the underlying genetic characteristics of the CAD subtypes, we recruited patients with CAD and categorized them into subgroups according to the transcriptome expression profiles of the adipose tissue.With the removal of the batch effect, consensus clustering was employed to determine the subgroup numbers. Subgroup-specific genes were determined to conduct analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed the subgroup-specific WGCNA modules. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted. Overrepresentation enrichment analysis (OEA) of subgroup-specific signatures was also conducted to reveal the significant gene module associated with the corresponding clinical characteristics.After the removal of the batch effect, 77 CAD objects were divided into three subgroups. It was observed that the patients in subgroup III tended to be fat. After analyzing the dominant pathways of each subgroup, we discovered that the protein digestion and absorption pathway was specifically upregulated in subgroup I, which might result from the lowest proportion of the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) sample. Moreover, subgroup II patients had genetic characteristics of high expression of complement and coagulation cascades and TNF signaling pathway. Furthermore, Th17 cell differentiation was significantly upregulated in subgroup III, indicating that Th17 cell differentiation is related to the clinical characteristics of body mass index (BMI).In conclusion, the genetic classification of CAD subjects indicated that subjects from different subgroups may exhibit specific gene expression patterns, suggesting that more personalized treatment should be applied to patients in each subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Bin Zong
- Department of Cardiology, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital
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24
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McLaughlin T, Schnittger I, Nagy A, Zanley E, Xu Y, Song Y, Nieman K, Tremmel JA, Dey D, Boyd J, Sacks H. Relationship Between Coronary Atheroma, Epicardial Adipose Tissue Inflammation, and Adipocyte Differentiation Across the Human Myocardial Bridge. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e021003. [PMID: 34726081 PMCID: PMC8751937 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.021003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Inflammation in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may contribute to coronary atherosclerosis. Myocardial bridge is a congenital anomaly in which the left anterior descending coronary artery takes a "tunneled" course under a bridge of myocardium: while atherosclerosis develops in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery, the bridged portion is spared, highlighting the possibility that geographic separation from inflamed EAT is protective. We tested the hypothesis that inflammation in EAT was related to atherosclerosis by comparing EAT from proximal and bridge depots in individuals with myocardial bridge and varying degrees of atherosclerotic plaque. Methods and Results Maximal plaque burden was quantified by intravascular ultrasound, and inflammation was quantified by pericoronary EAT signal attenuation (pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation) from cardiac computed tomography scans. EAT overlying the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery and myocardial bridge was harvested for measurement of mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) using custom chips by Nanostring; inflammatory cytokines were measured in tissue culture supernatants. Pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation was increased, indicating inflammation, in proximal versus bridge EAT, in proportion to atherosclerotic plaque. Individuals with moderate-high versus low plaque burden exhibited greater expression of inflammation and hypoxia genes, and lower expression of adipogenesis genes. Comparison of gene expression in proximal versus bridge depots revealed differences only in participants with moderate-high plaque: inflammation was higher in proximal and adipogenesis lower in bridge EAT. Secreted inflammatory cytokines tended to be higher in proximal EAT. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a was highly associated with inflammatory gene expression. Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed by depot: 3192-5P, 518D-3P, and 532-5P were upregulated in proximal EAT, whereas miR 630, 575, 16-5P, and 320E were upregulated in bridge EAT. miR 630 correlated directly with plaque burden and inversely with adipogenesis genes. miR 3192-5P, 518D-3P, and 532-5P correlated inversely with hypoxia/oxidative stress, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PCG1a), adipogenesis, and angiogenesis genes. Conclusions Inflammation is specifically elevated in EAT overlying atherosclerotic plaque, suggesting that EAT inflammation is caused by atherogenic molecular signals, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1a and/or miRNAs in an "inside-to-out" relationship. Adipogenesis was suppressed in the bridge EAT, but only in the presence of atherosclerotic plaque, supporting cross talk between the vasculature and EAT. miR 630 in EAT, expressed differentially according to burden of atherosclerotic plaque, and 3 other miRNAs appear to inhibit key genes related to adipogenesis, angiogenesis, hypoxia/oxidative stress, and thermogenesis in EAT, highlighting a role for miRNA in mediating cross talk between the coronary vasculature and EAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey McLaughlin
- Division of Endocrinology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Ingela Schnittger
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Anna Nagy
- Division of Endocrinology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Elizabeth Zanley
- Division of Endocrinology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Yue Xu
- Division of Endocrinology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Yanqiu Song
- Cardiovascular Institute Tianjin Chest Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Koen Nieman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Jennifer A Tremmel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Damini Dey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Los Angeles CA
| | - Jack Boyd
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA
| | - Harold Sacks
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
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25
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Roberts LB, Kapoor P, Howard JK, Shah AM, Lord GM. An update on the roles of immune system-derived microRNAs in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2434-2449. [PMID: 33483751 PMCID: PMC8562329 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of human death worldwide. Over the past two decades, the emerging field of cardioimmunology has demonstrated how cells of the immune system play vital roles in the pathogenesis of CVD. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of cellular identity and function. Cell-intrinsic, as well as cell-extrinsic, roles of immune and inflammatory cell-derived miRNAs have been, and continue to be, extensively studied. Several 'immuno-miRNAs' appear to be specifically expressed or demonstrate greatly enriched expression within leucocytes. Identification of miRNAs as critical regulators of immune system signalling pathways has posed the question of whether and how targeting these molecules therapeutically, may afford opportunities for disease treatment and/or management. As the field of cardioimmunology rapidly continues to advance, this review discusses findings from recent human and murine studies which contribute to our understanding of how leucocytes of innate and adaptive immunity are regulated-and may also regulate other cell types, via the actions of the miRNAs they express, in the context of CVD. Finally, we focus on available information regarding miRNA regulation of regulatory T cells and argue that targeted manipulation of miRNA regulated pathways in these cells may hold therapeutic promise for the treatment of CVD and associated risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke B Roberts
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Puja Kapoor
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jane K Howard
- School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Graham M Lord
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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26
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Coban N, Ozuynuk AS, Erkan AF, Guclu-Geyik F, Ekici B. Levels of miR-130b-5p in peripheral blood are associated with severity of coronary artery disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7719-7732. [PMID: 34689283 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have a high mortality rate, the pathogenesis of CAD is still poorly understood. During the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as new, potential diagnostic biomarkers in several diseases, including CAD. This study aimed to investigate the expression profiles of miRNAs in individuals with CAD and non-CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS The Agilent's microarray analyses were performed to compare the whole blood miRNA profile of selected individuals with severe CAD (n = 12, ≥ 90% stenosis) and non-CAD (n = 12, ≤ 20 stenosis). Expressions of selected differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were analyzed for validation in individuals with critical CAD (n = 50) and non-CAD (n = 43) using real-time PCR. Target prediction tools were utilized to identify miRNA target genes. We identified 6 DEMs that were downregulated in CAD patients, which included hsa-miR-18a-3p and hsa-miR-130b-5p, that were analyzed for further testing. Expression levels of hsa-miR-130b-5p were found negatively correlated with SYNTAX score and stenosis in female CAD patients (p < 0.05). In addition, both miRNAs were found positively correlated with plasma HDL and inversely correlated with fasting triglyceride levels (p < 0.05). In linear regression analysis adjusted for several confounders, the correlations have remained statistically significant. Computational prediction of target genes indicated a relevant role of hsa-miR-130b-5p and hsa-miR-18a-3p in modulating the expression of genes associated with cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight a significantly different pattern of miRNA expression in CAD patients in microarray results. Hsa-miR-18a-3p and hsa-miR-130b-5p might serve as biomarkers of CAD development and progression and warrant further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Coban
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aybike Sena Ozuynuk
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aycan Fahri Erkan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Guclu-Geyik
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berkay Ekici
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
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27
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Konwerski M, Gromadka A, Arendarczyk A, Koblowska M, Iwanicka-Nowicka R, Wilimski R, Czub P, Filipiak KJ, Hendzel P, Zielenkiewicz P, Opolski G, Gąsecka A, Mazurek T. Atherosclerosis Pathways are Activated in Pericoronary Adipose Tissue of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5419-5431. [PMID: 34707383 PMCID: PMC8542577 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s326769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Perivascular release of inflammatory mediators may accelerate coronary lesion formation and contribute to plaque instability. Accordingly, we compared gene expression in pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) in patients with advanced coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-CAD controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS PCAT samples were collected during coronary bypass grafting from CAD patients (n = 21) and controls undergoing valve replacement surgery, with CAD excluded by coronary angiography (n = 19). Gene expression was measured by GeneChip™ Human Transcriptome Array 2.0. Obtained list of 1348 transcripts (2.0%) that passed the filter criteria was further analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software, identifying 735 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs). RESULTS Among the CAD patients, 416 (30.9%) transcripts were upregulated, and 932 (69.1%) were downregulated, compared to controls. The top upregulated genes were involved in inflammation and atherosclerosis (chemokines, interleukin-6, selectin E and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) receptor), whereas the downregulated genes were involved in cardiac ischaemia and remodelling, platelet function and mitochondrial function (miR-3671, miR-4524a, multimerin, biglycan, tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), glucuronidases, miR-548, collagen type I, III, IV). Among the top upstream regulators, we identified molecules that have proinflammatory and atherosclerotic features (High Mobility Group Box 2 (HMGB2), platelet-derived growth platelet (PDGF) and evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ESCIT)). The activated pathway related to DEGs consisted of molecules with well-established role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (TFPI, plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR), thrombomodulin). Moreover, we showed that 22 of the altered genes form a pro-atherogenic network. CONCLUSION Altered gene expression in PCAT of CAD patients, with genes upregulation and activation of pathway involved in inflammation and atherosclerosis, may be involved in CAD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Konwerski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gromadka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Arendarczyk
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Koblowska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Radosław Wilimski
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Czub
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Hendzel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Zielenkiewicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Chen Z, Zhou D, Zhang X, Wu Q, Wu G. Diagnostic biomarkers and potential drug targets for coronary artery disease as revealed by systematic analysis of lncRNA characteristics. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1243. [PMID: 34532380 PMCID: PMC8421950 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The expression profile of lncRNAs in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has not yet been fully explored. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate lncRNA-based prognostic biomarkers for CAD. Methods The expression profiles of lncRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed lncRNA (DElncRNAs) and DEmRNAs were identified from CAD and normal samples, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the principal functions of significantly dysregulated genes. The potential drugs of new CAD-specific genes were identified by network distance method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to verify the classification performance of genes. Results A total of 512 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 308 DElncRNAs were identified from GSE113079 dataset to classify CAD samples. Through WGCNA co-expression analysis, 24 co-expression modules were obtained. A total of 187 DElncRNAs and 253 DEGs were determined from 7 modules correlated with CAD. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly related to inflammatory and immune-related pathways. Furthermore, 36 regulatory pairs of significantly shared micro RNAs (miRNAs) were identified as dysregulated lncRNA-mRNA (LRM-CAD), which contained 11 lncRNAs and 33 genes. Compared with a single lncRNA or gene, LRM-CAD showed stronger classification performance [average area under the curve (AUC) =0.958]. We screened 3 potential therapeutic drugs, DB09105, DB12371, and DB12612, a by binding drug-target gene interaction network. Molecular docking verified that the S1PR1 gene bound relatively closely to DB12371 and DB12612. The ROC analysis on external data sets showed that S1PR1, AC012640.4, and S1PR1-AC012640.4 could effectively distinguish CAD samples from control samples. Conclusions We provided a transcriptome overview of abnormally expressed lncRNAs in CAD patients and identified novel biomarkers for diagnosing CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dawang Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaocong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Gerontology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guifu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
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29
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Bermúdez V, Durán P, Rojas E, Díaz MP, Rivas J, Nava M, Chacín M, Cabrera de Bravo M, Carrasquero R, Ponce CC, Górriz JL, D´Marco L. The Sick Adipose Tissue: New Insights Into Defective Signaling and Crosstalk With the Myocardium. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:735070. [PMID: 34603210 PMCID: PMC8479191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.735070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) biology is linked to cardiovascular health since obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and positively correlated with excessive visceral fat accumulation. AT signaling to myocardial cells through soluble factors known as adipokines, cardiokines, branched-chain amino acids and small molecules like microRNAs, undoubtedly influence myocardial cells and AT function via the endocrine-paracrine mechanisms of action. Unfortunately, abnormal total and visceral adiposity can alter this harmonious signaling network, resulting in tissue hypoxia and monocyte/macrophage adipose infiltration occurring alongside expanded intra-abdominal and epicardial fat depots seen in the human obese phenotype. These processes promote an abnormal adipocyte proteomic reprogramming, whereby these cells become a source of abnormal signals, affecting vascular and myocardial tissues, leading to meta-inflammation, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart hypertrophy, heart failure and myocardial infarction. This review first discusses the pathophysiology and consequences of adipose tissue expansion, particularly their association with meta-inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. We also explore the precise mechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming in AT that represent plausible causative factors for CVD. Finally, we clarify how lifestyle changes could promote improvement in myocardiocyte function in the context of changes in AT proteomics and a better gut microbiome profile to develop effective, non-pharmacologic approaches to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Pablo Durán
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Edward Rojas
- Cardiovascular Division, University Hospital, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Florida-College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Manuel Nava
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano Ponce
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José Luis Górriz
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis D´Marco
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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30
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Santos D, Carvalho E. Adipose-related microRNAs as modulators of the cardiovascular system: the role of epicardial adipose tissue. J Physiol 2021; 600:1171-1187. [PMID: 34455587 DOI: 10.1113/jp280917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue expansion and subsequent metabolic dysfunction has been considered one of the major risk factors for development of cardiometabolic disease. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in particular is a unique subtype of visceral adipose tissue located on the surface of the heart, around the coronary arteries. Due to its proximity, EAT can modulate the local metabolic and immune function of cardiomyocytes and coronary arteries. Several microRNAs have been described as key players in both cardiac and vascular function that when dysregulated will contribute to dysfunction. Here we review the influence of obesity in the crosstalk between specific adipose tissue types, in particular the EAT-secreted microRNAs, as key modulators of cardiac disease progression, not only as early biomarkers but also as therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Santos
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association (APDP), Lisbon, Portugal
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31
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Sousa JA, Mendonça MI, Serrão M, Borges S, Henriques E, Freitas S, Tentem M, Santos M, Freitas P, Ferreira A, Guerra G, Drumond A, Palma Reis R. Epicardial Adipose Tissue: The Genetics Behind an Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Marker. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2021; 15:11795468211029244. [PMID: 34276231 PMCID: PMC8255575 DOI: 10.1177/11795468211029244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence points epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) as an emerging cardiovascular risk marker. Whether genetic polymorphisms linked with atherosclerosis are associated with higher EAT is still unknown. We aim to assess the role of genetic burden of atherosclerosis and its association to EAT in a cohort of asymptomatic individuals without coronary disease. A total of 996 participants were prospectively enrolled in a single Portuguese center. EAT volume was measured by Cardiac Computed Tomography and participants were distributed into 2 groups, above and below median EAT. SNPs were genotyped and linked to their respective pathophysiological axes. A multiplicative genetic risk score (mGRS) was constructed, representing the genetic burden of the studied SNPs. To evaluate the association between genetics and EAT, we compared both groups by global mGRS, mGRS by functional axes, and SNPs individually. Individuals above-median EAT were older, had a higher body mass index (BMI) and higher prevalence of hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. They presented higher GRS, that remained an independent predictor of higher EAT volumes. The group with more EAT consistently presented higher polymorphic burden across numerous pathways. After adjustment, age, BMI, and mGRS of each functional axis emerged as independently related to higher EAT volumes. Amongst the 33 SNPs, MTHFR677 polymorphism emerged as the only significant and independent predictor of higher EAT volumes. Patients with higher polymorphism burden for atherosclerosis present higher EAT volumes. We present the first study in a Portuguese population, evaluating the genetic profile of EAT through GWAS and GRS, casting further insight into this complicated matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Adriano Sousa
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Maria Isabel Mendonça
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Marco Serrão
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Sofia Borges
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Eva Henriques
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Sónia Freitas
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Margarida Tentem
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Marina Santos
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Pedro Freitas
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, CHLO, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - António Ferreira
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, CHLO, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Graça Guerra
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - António Drumond
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Roberto Palma Reis
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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32
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Abstract
Targeting residual cardiovascular risk in primary and secondary prevention, would allow deployment of novel therapeutic agents, facilitating precision medicine. For example, lowering vascular inflammation is a promising strategy to reduce the residual inflammatory cardiovascular risk in patients already receiving optimal medical therapy, but prescribing novel anti-inflammatory treatments will be problematic due to the lack of specific companion diagnostic tests, to guide their targeted use in clinical practice. Currently available tests for the detection of coronary inflammation are either non-specific for the cardiovascular system (e.g. plasma biomarkers) or expensive and not readily available (e.g. hybrid positron emission tomography imaging). Recent technological advancements in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) allow non-invasive detection of high-risk plaque features (positive remodelling, spotty calcification, low attenuation plaque, and napkin-ring sign) and help identify the vulnerable patient, but they provide only indirectly information about coronary inflammation. Perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI), a novel method for assessing coronary inflammation by analysing routine CCTA, captures changes in the perivascular adipose tissue composition driven by inflammatory signals coming from the inflamed coronary artery, by analysing the three-dimensional gradients of perivascular attenuation, followed by adjustments for technical, anatomical, and biological factors. By detecting vascular inflammation, perivascular FAI enhances cardiovascular risk discrimination which could aid more cost-effective deployment of novel therapeutic agents. In this article, we present the existing non-invasive modalities for the detection of coronary inflammation and provide a practical guide for their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Alexios S Antonopoulos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
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33
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Zhang F, Cheng N, Du J, Zhang H, Zhang C. MicroRNA-200b-3p promotes endothelial cell apoptosis by targeting HDAC4 in atherosclerosis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:172. [PMID: 33845782 PMCID: PMC8042726 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) shares the same microcirculation with coronary arteries through coronary arteries branches, and contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the formation of atherosclerosis. However, the alteration of miRNA profile in EAT during atherosclerosis is still uncovered. Methods The miRNA expression profiles of EAT from non-coronary atherosclerosis disease (CON, n = 3) and coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD, n = 5) patients was performed to detect the differentially expressed miRNA. Then the expression levels of miRNA in other CON (n = 5) and CAD (n = 16) samples were confirmed by realtime-PCR. miR-200b-3p mimic was used to overexpress the miRNA in HUVECs. The apoptosis of HUVECs cells was induced by H2O2 and ox-LDL, and detected by Annexin V/PI Staining, Caspase 3/7 activity and the expression of BCL-2 and BAX. Results 250 miRNAs were differentially expressed in EAT from CAD patients, which were associated with metabolism, extracellular matrix and inflammation process. Among the top 20 up-regulated miRNAs, the expression levels of miR-200 family members (hsa-miR-200b/c-3p, miR-141-3p and miR-429), which were rich in endothelial cells, were increased in EAT from CAD patients significantly. Upregulation of miR-200 family members was dependent on the oxidative stress. The overexpression of miR-200b-3p could promote endothelial cells apoptosis under oxidative stress by targeting HDAC4 inhibition. Conclusions Our study suggests that EAT derived miR-200b-3p promoted oxidative stress induced endothelial cells damage by targeting HDAC4, which may provide a new and promising therapeutic target for AS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-021-01980-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Naixuan Cheng
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China.
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34
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Wang QC, Wang ZY, Xu Q, Li RB, Zhang GG, Shi RZ. Exploring the Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Coronary Artery Disease From the Difference of Gene Expression. Front Physiol 2021; 12:605811. [PMID: 33859569 PMCID: PMC8042318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.605811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is closely adjacent to the coronary arteries and myocardium, its role as an endocrine organ to affect the pathophysiological processes of the coronary arteries and myocardium has been increasingly recognized. However, the specific gene expression profiles of EAT in coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been well characterized. Our aim was to investigate the role of EAT in CAD at the gene level. Methods Here, we compared the histological and gene expression difference of EAT between CAD and non-CAD. We investigated the gene expression profiles in the EAT of patients with CAD through the high-throughput RNA sequencing. We performed bioinformatics analysis such as functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network construction to obtain and verify the hub differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the EAT of CAD. Results Our results showed that the size of epicardial adipocytes in the CAD group was larger than in the control group. Our findings on the EAT gene expression profiles of CAD showed a total of 747 DEGs (fold change >2, p value <0.05). The enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that more pro-inflammatory and immunological genes and pathways were involved in CAD. Ten hub DEGs (GNG3, MCHR1, BDKRB1, MCHR2, CXCL8, CXCR5, CCR8, CCL4L1, TAS2R10, and TAS2R41) were identified. Conclusion Epicardial adipose tissue in CAD shows unique gene expression profiles and may act as key regulators in the CAD pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruo-Bing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-Gang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui-Zheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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35
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Sahasrabuddhe AV, Pitale SU, Sivanesan SD, Deshpande PK, Deshpande SP, Daiwile A. Pathogenic gene expression of epicardial adipose tissue in patients with coronary artery disease. Indian J Med Res 2021; 151:554-561. [PMID: 32719228 PMCID: PMC7602934 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1374_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD), a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide has multifactorial origin. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has complex mechanical and thermogenic functions and paracrine actions via various cytokines released by it, which can have both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions on myocardium and adjacent coronaries. The alteration of EAT gene expression in CAD is speculated, but poorly understood. This study was undertaken to find out the difference in gene expression of epicardial fat in CAD and non-CAD patients. Methods: Twenty seven patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and 16 controls (non-CAD patients undergoing valvular heart surgeries) were included in the study and their EAT samples were obtained. Gene expressions of uncoupling protein-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), adiponectin, adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were studied by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Glucose, insulin, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, vitamin D, TNF-α and leptin levels were estimated in fasting blood samples and analyzed. Results: Leptin levels were significantly higher in CABG group as compared to controls (P<0.05), whereas other metabolic parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. MCP-1, VCAM-1 and TNF-α were upregulated in the CABG group as compared to controls. Further, multivariate analysis showed significantly reduced adjusted odds ratio for MCP-1 [0.27; 95% confidence interval: 0.08-0.91] in the CABG group as compared to controls (P<0.05). Interpretation & conclusions: Our findings showed an alteration in EAT gene expression in CAD patients with significant upregulation of MCP-1. Further studies with a large sample need to be done to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anagha Vinay Sahasrabuddhe
- Department of Physiology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailesh U Pitale
- Department of Medicine, Dew Medicare & Trinity Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saravana Devi Sivanesan
- Environmental Health Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purushottam K Deshpande
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dr. K.G. Deshpande Memorial Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swapnil P Deshpande
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dr. K.G. Deshpande Memorial Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Atul Daiwile
- Environmental Health Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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36
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Ruggiero AD, Key CCC, Kavanagh K. Adipose Tissue Macrophage Polarization in Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity. Front Nutr 2021; 8:625331. [PMID: 33681276 PMCID: PMC7925825 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.625331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 650 million adults are obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) worldwide. Obesity is commonly associated with several comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. However, compiled estimates suggest that from 5 to 40% of obese individuals do not experience metabolic or cardiovascular complications. The existence of the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) and the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes suggests that underlying differences exist in both tissues and overall systemic function. Macrophage accumulation in white adipose tissue (AT) in obesity is typically associated with insulin resistance. However, as plastic cells, macrophages respond to stimuli in their microenvironments, altering their polarization between pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes, depending on the state of their surroundings. The dichotomous nature of MHO and MUO clinical phenotypes suggests that differences in white AT function dictate local inflammatory responses by driving changes in macrophage subtypes. As obesity requires extensive AT expansion, we posit that remodeling capacity with adipose expansion potentiates favorable macrophage profiles in MHO as compared with MUO individuals. In this review, we discuss how differences in adipogenesis, AT extracellular matrix deposition and breakdown, and AT angiogenesis perpetuate altered AT macrophage profiles in MUO compared with MHO. We discuss how non-autonomous effects of remote organ systems, including the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and cardiovascular system, interact with white adipose favorably in MHO. Preferential AT macrophage profiles in MHO stem from sustained AT function and improved overall fitness and systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistaire D Ruggiero
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Chia-Chi Chuang Key
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Kylie Kavanagh
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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37
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Cornwell A, Palli R, Singh MV, Benoodt L, Tyrell A, Abe JI, Schifitto G, Maggirwar SB, Thakar J. Molecular characterization of atherosclerosis in HIV positive persons. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3232. [PMID: 33547350 PMCID: PMC7865026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with HIV are at higher risk of atherosclerosis (AS). The pathogenesis of this risk is not fully understood. To assess the regulatory networks involved in AS we sequenced mRNA of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and measured cytokine and chemokine levels in the plasma of 13 persons living with HIV and 12 matched HIV-negative persons with and without AS. microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play a role in HIV infection and may modulate gene regulation to drive AS. Hence, we further assessed miRNA expression in PBMCs of a subset of 12 HIV+ people with and without atherosclerosis. We identified 12 miRNAs differentially expressed between HIV+ AS+ and HIV+ , and validated 5 of those by RT-qPCR. While a few of these miRNAs have been implicated in HIV and atherosclerosis, others are novel. Integrating miRNA measurements with mRNA, we identified 27 target genes including SLC4A7, a critical sodium and bicarbonate transporter, that are potentially dysregulated during atherosclerosis. Additionally, we uncovered that levels of plasma cytokines were associated with transcription factor activity and miRNA expression in PBMCs. For example, BACH2 activity was associated with IL-1β, IL-15, and MIP-1α. IP10 and TNFα levels were associated with miR-124-3p. Finally, integration of all data types into a single network revealed increased importance of miRNAs in network regulation of the HIV+ group in contrast with increased importance of cytokines in the HIV+ AS+ group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cornwell
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rohith Palli
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Biophysics, Structural, and Computational Biology PhD Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Meera V Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Benoodt
- Biophysics, Structural, and Computational Biology PhD Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alicia Tyrell
- Department of Neurology, General Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology-Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giovanni Schifitto
- Department of Neurology, General Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sanjay B Maggirwar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, George Washing University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, , Box 672, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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lncRNA expression profiles and associated ceRNA network analyses in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with coronary artery disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1567. [PMID: 33452392 PMCID: PMC7810858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to the pathophysiological process of coronary artery disease (CAD). The expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in EAT of patients with CAD have not been well characterized. We conducted high-throughput RNA sequencing to analyze the expression profiles of lncRNA in EAT of patients with CAD compared to patients without CAD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were executed to investigate the principal functions of the significantly dysregulated mRNAs. We confirmed a dysregulated intergenic lncRNA (lincRNA) (LINC00968) by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Subsequently, we constructed a ceRNA network associated with LINC00968, which included 49 mRNAs. Compared with the control group, lncRNAs and genes of EAT in CAD were characterized as metabolic active and pro-inflammatory profiles. The sequencing analysis detected 2539 known and 1719 novel lncRNAs. Then, we depicted both lncRNA and gene signatures of EAT in CAD, featuring dysregulation of genes involved in metabolism, nuclear receptor transcriptional activity, antigen presentation, chemokine signaling, and inflammation. Finally, we identified a ceRNA network as candidate modulator in EAT and its potential role in CAD. We showed the expression profiles of specific EAT lncRNA and mRNA in CAD, and a selected non-coding associated ceRNA regulatory network, which taken together, may contribute to a better understanding of CAD mechanism and provide potential therapeutic targets.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No. ChiCTR1900024782.
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Zhang X, Xiang Y, He D, Liang B, Wang C, Luo J, Zheng F. Identification of Potential Biomarkers for CAD Using Integrated Expression and Methylation Data. Front Genet 2020; 11:778. [PMID: 33033488 PMCID: PMC7509170 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) through regulating mRNA expressions. This study aimed to identify hub genes regulated by DNA methylation as biomarkers of CAD. Gene expression and methylation datasets of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) of CAD were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, multiple computational approaches were performed to analyze the regulatory networks and to recognize hub genes. Finally, top hub genes were verified in a case-control study, based on their differential expressions and methylation levels between CAD cases and controls. In total, 535 differentially expressed-methylated genes (DEMGs) were identified and partitioned into 4 subgroups. TSS200 and 5′UTR were confirmed as high enrichment areas of differentially methylated CpGs sites (DMCs). The function of DEMGs is enriched in processes of histone H3-K27 methylation, regulation of post-transcription and DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity. Pathway enrichment showed DEMGs participated in the VEGF signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Besides, expressions of hub genes fibronectin 1 (FN1), phosphatase (PTEN), and tensin homolog and RNA polymerase III subunit A (POLR3A) were discordantly expressed between CAD patients and controls and related with DNA methylation levels. In conclusion, our study identified the potential biomarkers of PBLs for CAD, in which FN1, PTEN, and POLR3A were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dingdong He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Yin R, Tang X, Wang T, Shi H, Wang X, Wang X, Pan C. Cardiac CT scanning in coronary artery disease: Epicardial fat volume and its correlation with coronary artery lesions and left ventricular function. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2961-2968. [PMID: 32855661 PMCID: PMC7444410 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major and common disease that poses a threat to human health. Recent studies suggested that epicardial fat may have an important role in the pathogenesis of CAD. Therefore, the association between epicardial fat volume (EFV) and left ventricular function with CAD was investigated in the present study. A total of 61 patients with suspected CAD who underwent CT scanning were enrolled. Baseline data, parameters of left heart function and EFV of the subjects were collected and analyzed. The degree of coronary artery lesions was assessed using the Gensini score. Pearson's correlation analysis and a logistic regression model were applied to assess the association between EFV and risk factors for CAD, the Gensini score and left ventricular function index. A total of 29 female and 32 male subjects with a median age of 63 years were enrolled. The median body mass index (BMI) of the subjects was 23.37 kg/m2 and the median EFV was 86.41 cm3. It was revealed that risk factors of CAD, specially hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, history of myocardial infarction and smoking, had no significant association with the EFV (P>0.05); however, the EFV was significantly positively correlated with the BMI (r=0.479, P<0.0001), interventricular septal thickness (r=0.436, P=0.004), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (r=0.350, P=0.0058), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (r=0.265, P=0.0388), left ventricular mass (r=0.445, P=0.0003) and left ventricular mass index (r=0.371, P=0.0035). However, no correlation was identified between the EFV and the Gensini score (r=0.131, P=0.3137). In conclusion, the EFV measured by cardiac CT scanning was positively correlated with the BMI and left ventricular function, but was not associated with the presence of CAD according to the Gensini scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Yin
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Changjie Pan
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
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Huang W, Wu X, Xue Y, Zhou Y, Xiang H, Yang W, Wei Y. MicroRNA-3614 regulates inflammatory response via targeting TRAF6-mediated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling in the epicardial adipose tissue with coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2020; 324:152-164. [PMID: 32950591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The inflammatory status of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is one of the factors leading to the development of related diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD). The thickness of CAD EAT increases and is accompanied with increased macrophage infiltration and heightened inflammatory responses. However, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating the inflammatory responses of macrophages in CAD EAT remain unclear. METHOD miRNA expression profiles of CAD EATs and non-CAD EATs were determined by miRNA microarrays. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohistochemical assay, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization were adopted to detect miR-3614 expression and function in EATs and macrophages. The interaction between miR-3614 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) was identified using an online website combined with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS The decreased expression of miR-3614 was identified in CAD EAT. The level of miR-3614 was down-regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages, whereas LPS-induced inflammatory injury can be reduced by miR-3614 overexpression. TRAF6 was predicted and verified to be a target of miR-3614. The phosphorylated levels of kinases in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways were inhibited by miR-3614 overexpression. Importantly, the knockdown of TRAF6 inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expressions in cells. CONCLUSION A novel negative feedback loop by miR-3614 possibly contribute to the regulation of inflammatory processes via targeting the TRAF6/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in EATs and prevents an overwhelming inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Xinggang Wu
- Medicine Department, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Yajun Xue
- Medicine Department, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- Medicine Department, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Medicine Department, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Wenkai Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524045, China
| | - Yutao Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 250000, China.
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Zhu X, Liu H, Zhang Z, Wei R, Zhou X, Wang Z, Zhao L, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Chu C, Wang L, Li X. MiR-103 protects from recurrent spontaneous abortion via inhibiting STAT1 mediated M1 macrophage polarization. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2248-2264. [PMID: 32549769 PMCID: PMC7294935 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.46144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a common complication of early pregnancy. Excessive M1 macrophage was found to be involved in RSA, but the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. MicroRNAs play critical roles in RSA as well as the polarization of macrophages; however, the regulatory effect of miRNAs on M1 differentiation in RSA has not been fully investigated. In this study, miRNA microarray assay revealed that miR-103 was significantly decreased in RAW264.7-derived M1 macrophages upon IFNγ and LPS stimulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that in RSA patients, miR-103 expression was decreased substantially, and negatively correlated with that of STAT1. Moreover, down-regulation of miR-103 could sensitively discriminate RSA patients from normal pregnancies (NP) subjects. Experiments in vitro showed that overexpression of miR-103 suppressed M1 polarization by inhibiting STAT1/IRF1 signaling pathway and vice versa. miR-103 regulated STAT1 expression by direct binding to its 3'-UTR. Moreover, our in vivo study demonstrated that overexpressed miR-103 could reduce mice embryo resorption and M1 polarization effectively. Overall, the results suggested that decreased miR-103 was involved in RSA by increasing M1 macrophage polarization via promoting STAT1/IRF1 signaling pathway. miR-103 may be explored as a promising diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Haiping Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 25 Wuyingshan Road, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Xianbin Zhou
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Li
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
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Azzu V, Vacca M, Virtue S, Allison M, Vidal-Puig A. Adipose Tissue-Liver Cross Talk in the Control of Whole-Body Metabolism: Implications in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1899-1912. [PMID: 32061598 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue and the liver play significant roles in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis, but they have not evolved to cope with the continuous, chronic, nutrient surplus seen in obesity. In this review, we detail how prolonged metabolic stress leads to adipose tissue dysfunction, inflammation, and adipokine release that results in increased lipid flux to the liver. Overall, the upshot of hepatic fat accumulation alongside an insulin-resistant state is that hepatic lipid enzymatic pathways are modulated and overwhelmed, resulting in the selective buildup of toxic lipid species, which worsens the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic shift observed in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vian Azzu
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital; The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge.
| | - Michele Vacca
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital
| | - Samuel Virtue
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital
| | - Michael Allison
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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Tan L, Xu Q, Wang Q, Shi R, Zhang G. Identification of key genes and pathways affected in epicardial adipose tissue from patients with coronary artery disease by integrated bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8763. [PMID: 32257639 PMCID: PMC7102503 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common disease with high cost and mortality. Here, we studied the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from patients with CAD to explore the possible pathways and mechanisms through which EAT participates in the CAD pathological process. Methods Microarray data for EAT and SAT were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, including three separate expression datasets: GSE24425, GSE64554 and GSE120774. The DEGs between EAT samples and SAT control samples were screened out using the limma package in the R language. Next, we conducted bioinformatic analysis of gene ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways to discover the enriched gene sets and pathways associated with DEGs. Simultaneously, gene set enrichment analysis was carried out to discover enriched gene functions and pathways from all expression data rather than DEGs. The PPI network was constructed to reveal the possible protein interactions consistent with CAD. Mcode and Cytohubba in Cytoscape revealed the possible key CAD genes. In the next step, the corresponding predicted microRNAs (miRNAs) were analysed using miRNA Data Integration Portal. RT-PCR was used to validate the bioinformatic results. Results The three datasets had a total of 89 DEGs (FC log2 > 1 and P value < 0.05). By comparing EAT and SAT, ten common key genes (HOXA5, HOXB5, HOXC6, HOXC8, HOXB7, COL1A1, CCND1, CCL2, HP and TWIST1) were identified. In enrichment analysis, pro-inflammatory and immunological genes and pathways were up-regulated. This could help elucidate the molecular expression mechanism underlying the involvement of EAT in CAD development. Several miRNAs were predicted to regulate these DEGs. In particular, hsa-miR-196a-5p and hsa-miR-196b-5p may be more reliably associated with CAD. Finally, RT-PCR validated the significant difference of OXA5, HOXC6, HOXC8, HOXB7, COL1A1, CCL2 between EAT and SAT (P value < 0.05). Conclusions Between EAT and SAT in CAD patients, a total of 89 DEGs, and 10 key genes, including HOXA5, HOXB5, HOXC6, HOXC8, HOXB7, COL1A1, CCND1, CCL2, HP and TWIST1, and miRNAs hsa-miR-196a-5p and hsa-miR-196b-5p were predicted to play essential roles in CAD pathogenesis. Pro-inflammatory and immunological pathways could act as key EAT regulators by participating in the CAD pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liao Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hypertension, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Institute of Hypertension, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianchen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hypertension, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hypertension, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hypertension, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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MicroRNA-103 Protects Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress via BNIP3-Mediated End-Stage Autophagy and Antipyroptosis Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8351342. [PMID: 32190178 PMCID: PMC7071805 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8351342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell damage caused by oxidative stress is widely considered to be a triggering event in atherosclerosis (AS). However, the specific effect elicited by autophagy in endothelial cells undergoing oxidative stress remains controversial, especially during end-stage autophagy. The inhibition of end-stage autophagy has been reported to increase cell pyroptosis and contribute to endothelial damage. Several studies have shown that microRNA-103 is involved in end-stage autophagy; however, its specific mechanism of action is not yet characterized. In this study, we addressed the regulatory role of miR-103 in autophagy during oxidative stress of endothelial cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment was used as an in vitro model of oxidative stress. MTS and ROS levels were measured to evaluate cell activity. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-103. Autophagy was examined using western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and electron microscopy, while western blot analysis detected pyroptosis-related proteins. Results show that miR-103 expression decreased under oxidative stress. Further, miR-103 repressed transcription of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein (BNIP3). The oxidative stress caused by H2O2 caused cell damage from 2 hours (P < 0.05) and increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05); at the same time, the damage could be further aggravated by the stimulation of bafA1 (P < 0.05). Under the stimulation of H2O2, the expression of miR-103 decreased (P < 0.05). However, high expression of miR-103 could reduce the accumulation of LC3II and P62 (P < 0.05) by inhibiting the downstream target gene Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein (BNIP3), thus reducing the occurrence of cell pyroptosis (P < 0.05). This process could be blocked by end-stage autophagy inhibitor bafA1 (P < 0.05), which further indicated that miR-103 affected cell injury by autophagy. On the contrary, the low expression of miR-103 promoted the accumulation of autophagy protein and increased the occurrence of pyroptosis (P < 0.05). In conclusion, inhibition of miR-103 restrained end-stage of autophagy by regulating BNIP3, thus changing the occurrence of cell pyroptosis.
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Integration of Gene Expression Profile Data of Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue from Coronary Artery Disease to Verification of Hub Genes and Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8567306. [PMID: 31886261 PMCID: PMC6900948 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8567306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aim to identify the core pathogenic genes and explore the potential molecular mechanisms of human coronary artery disease (CAD). Methodology Two gene profiles of epicardial adipose tissue from CAD patients including GSE 18612 and GSE 64554 were downloaded and integrated by R software packages. All the coexpression of deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were picked out and analyzed by DAVID online bioinformatic tools. In addition, the DEGs were totally typed into protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to get the interaction data among all coexpression genes. Pictures were drawn by cytoscape software with the PPI networks data. CytoHubba were used to predict the hub genes by degree analysis. Finally all the top 10 hub genes and prediction genes in Molecular complex detection were analyzed by Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis. qRT-PCR were used to identified all the 10 hub genes. Results The top 10 hub genes calculated by the degree method were AKT1, MYC, EGFR, ACTB, CDC42, IGF1, FGF2, CXCR4, MMP2 and LYN, which relevant with the focal adhesion pathway. Module analysis revealed that the focal adhesion was also acted an important role in CAD, which was consistence with cytoHubba. All the top 10 hub genes were verified by qRT-PCR which presented that AKT1, EGFR, CDC42, FGF2, and MMP2 were significantly decreased in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD samples (p < 0.05) and MYC, ACTB, IGF1, CXCR4, and LYN were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Conclusions These candidate genes could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of CAD.
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Xi Z, Qiao Y, Wang J, Su H, Bao Z, Li H, Liao X, Zhong X. Gastrodin relieves inflammation injury induced by lipopolysaccharides in MRC-5 cells by up-regulation of miR-103. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1451-1459. [PMID: 31769187 PMCID: PMC6991667 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial function of gastrodin towards many inflammatory diseases has been identified. This study designed to see the influence of gastrodin in a cell model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MRC-5 cells were treated by LPS, before which gastrodin was administrated. The effects of gastrodin were evaluated by conducting CCK-8, FITC-PI double staining, Western blot, qRT-PCR and ELISA. Besides this, the downstream effector and signalling were studied to decode how gastrodin exerted its function. And dual-luciferase assay was used to detect the targeting link between miR-103 and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). LPS induced apoptosis and the release of MCP-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in MRC-5 cells. Pre-treating MRC-5 cells with gastrodin attenuated LPS-induced cell damage. Meanwhile, p38/JNK and NF-κB pathways induced by LPS were repressed by gastrodin. miR-103 expression was elevated by gastrodin. Further, the protective functions of gastrodin were attenuated by miR-103 silencing. And LRP1 was a target of miR-103 and negatively regulated by miR-103. The in vitro data illustrated the protective function of gastrodin in LPS-injured MRC-5 cells. Gastrodin exerted its function possibly by up-regulating miR-103 and modulating p38/JNK and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuona Xi
- Department of Respiration Ward II, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yahong Qiao
- Department of Respiration Ward II, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jifang Wang
- Department of Respiration Ward II, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Su
- Department of Respiration Ward II, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Bao
- Department of Respiration Ward II, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huadu District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Liao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Internal Medicine, Huadu District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhong
- Department of Quality Control, Huadu District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
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Fitzgibbons TP, Lee N, Tran KV, Nicoloro S, Kelly M, Tam SK, Czech MP. Coronary disease is not associated with robust alterations in inflammatory gene expression in human epicardial fat. JCI Insight 2019; 4:124859. [PMID: 31513547 PMCID: PMC6824304 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the visceral fat depot of the heart. Inflammation of EAT is thought to contribute to coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, we hypothesized that the EAT of patients with CAD would have increased inflammatory gene expression compared with controls without CAD. Cardiac surgery patients with (n = 13) or without CAD (n = 13) were consented, and samples of EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were obtained. Transcriptomic analysis was performed using Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays. Differential expression was defined as a 1.5-fold change (ANOVA P < 0.05). Six hundred ninety-three genes were differentially expressed between SAT and EAT in controls and 805 in cases. Expression of 326 genes was different between EAT of cases and controls; expression of 14 genes was increased in cases, while 312 were increased in controls. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR confirmed that there was no difference in expression of CCL2, CCR2, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and PAI1 between groups. Immunohistochemistry showed more macrophages in EAT than SAT, but there was no difference in their number or activation state between groups. In contrast to prior studies, we did not find increased inflammatory gene expression in the EAT of patients with CAD. We conclude that the specific adipose tissue depot, rather than CAD status, is responsible for the majority of differential gene expression. In humans without atherosclerosis there is increased mRNA expression of the orphan nuclear hormone receptors in epicardial fat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sara Nicoloro
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts (UMass) Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Kelly
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts (UMass) Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stanley Kc Tam
- Department of Surgery, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Brighton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts (UMass) Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Peng XY, Wang Y, Hu H, Zhang XJ, Li Q. Identification of the molecular subgroups in coronary artery disease by gene expression profiles. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16540-16548. [PMID: 30805932 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of cardiovascular disease and becomes a leading cause of death worldwide. Aiming to uncover the underlying molecular features for different types of CAD, we classified 352 CAD cases into three subgroups based on gene expression profiles, which were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Also, these subgroups present different expression patterns and clinical characteristics. To uncover the transcriptomic differences between the subgroups, weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) was used and identified six subgroup-specific WGCNA modules. Characterization of the WCGNA modules revealed that lipid metabolism pathways, specifically upregulated in subgroup I, might be an indicator of increased severity. Moreover, subgroup II was considered as an early-stage of CAD because of normal-like gene expression patterns. In contrast, the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway was significantly upregulated in subgroup III. Although subgroups II and III did not have a significant prognostic difference, their intrinsic biological characteristics were highly different, suggesting that the transcriptome classification may represent risk factors of both age and the intrinsic biological characteristics. In conclusion, the transcriptome classification of CAD cases revealed that cases from different subgroups may have their unique gene expression patterns, indicating that patients in each subgroup should receive more personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Peng
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, China
| | - Haibo Hu
- Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Xian-Jin Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Emergency, Huai'an Hospital, Huai'an, China
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50
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Ferrara D, Montecucco F, Dallegri F, Carbone F. Impact of different ectopic fat depots on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21630-21641. [PMID: 31106419 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ferrara
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network Genoa Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network Genoa Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network Genoa Italy
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