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Tsuge A, Chiba S, Yagura Y, Okamoto M, Muto S, Hisaka S, Nose M. Hochuekkito exerts the anti-allergic effects via activating regulatory T cells in a murine model of contact hypersensitivity. J Nat Med 2023; 77:352-362. [PMID: 36735163 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hochuekkito (HET) is a Kampo prescription, used for the clinical treatment of skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), in Japan. Oral administration of HET exerts anti-allergic effects in an experimental dermatitis mice model and in patients with atopic dermatitis; however, the mechanism underlying the anti-allergic effects of HET is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the immunopharmacological properties of the anti-allergic actions of HET using a 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced murine contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model and adoptive cell transfer experiments. Oral administration of HET (1.4 g/kg) exhibited anti-allergic effects in a TNCB-induced CHS model via activation of Tregs; this activation was observed even without antigen sensitization in donor mice. Activation was dependent on the duration of HET administration and required at least 4 days of dosing. In addition, the anti-allergic effects of HET through the activation of Tregs were not antigen specific. Flow cytometry results indicated that the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells in the splenic lymphocytes increased after oral administration of HET. Therefore, oral administration of HET induced both inducible regulatory T cells (iTregs) and thymus-derived naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs). Ginseng radix and Bupleuri radix were involved in the anti-allergic actions of HET through the induction and/or activation of Tregs; Bupleuri radix participated in the activation of nTregs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HET exerts the anti-allergic effects through the induction and/or activation of Tregs. These findings elucidate the usefulness of HET as an immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tsuge
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Yui Yagura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Mari Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Satoshi Muto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hisaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Nose
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan.
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Gammeri L, Panzera C, Calapai F, Cicero N, Gangemi S. Asian herbal medicine and chronic urticaria: which are the therapeutic perspectives? Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1917-1934. [PMID: 36094856 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2122055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a pathologic condition marked by the emergence of wheals, angioedema, or both for more than six weeks. The improper activation and degranulation of mast cells is the triggering event, which results in the production of various mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, PAF, chemokines, and cytokines. Antihistamines are currently the most common pharmacological treatment for urticaria, but corticosteroids and monoclonal antibodies can also be employed. Patients who have been taking antihistamines for a long time are often looking for alternatives. Whole plants, portions of plants, or single extracted active compounds are all used in phytomedicine. Plant elements are frequently combined to create formulations that can be utilized to treat a variety of pathological disorders. Anti-inflammatory and/or anti-allergic properties are found in several herbs regularly used in herbal formulations. Antioxidant properties are also present in some of the constituents. Exogenous antioxidants have been shown to improve the progression of autoimmune disorders in numerous studies. The aim of this review is to identify the most common herbs used to treat chronic urticaria, and to characterize their efficacy, mechanisms of action, and risk/benefit ratio in comparison to western treatment, and also to find less often used formulations and assess their therapeutic efficacy, safety profile, and potential for wider use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gammeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Panzera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Science4Life srl, Spin-off Company of the University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Voo PY, Wu CT, Sun HL, Ko JL, Lue KH. Effect of combination treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and corticosteroid in reducing airway inflammation in a mouse asthma model. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2022; 55:766-776. [PMID: 35487817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex multifactorial chronic airway inflammatory disease with diverse phenotypes and levels of severity and is associated with significant health and economic burden. In a certain population of asthma patients, the symptoms cannot be well controlled with steroid. There has been long standing interest in the use of probiotics for treating allergic diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the combination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with prednisolone could reduce the dosage of glucocorticoid in controlling airway inflammation in a murine model for allergic asthma. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used Der p 2-sensitized asthma model in female BALB/c mice. The animals were treated with 75 μl or 50 μl oral prednisolone or combination treatment of these two doses of oral prednisolone with LGG. Airway hyperresponsiveness, serum specific IgE/IgG1/IgG2a, infiltrating inflammatory cells in lung and cytokines were assessed. RESULTS Compared to 75 μl prednisolone, a lower dose of prednisolone with 50 μl was less satisfactory in suppressing airway hyperresponsives, serum IgE and IgG1, Th2 cytokines and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17 as well as infiltrating inflammatory cells. However, combination of 50 μl prednisolone and LGG decreased airway resistance and serum IgE and IgG1, inhibited the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13 and IL-17, upregulated serum IgG2a and enhanced Th1 immune response. CONCLUSIONS LGG may reduce the dosage of prednisolone and thus may be beneficial in the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit-Yee Voo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ta Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Hai-Lun Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Haung Lue
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Han K, Ahn Y, Hong KB, Suh HJ, Yu KW, Kim H. Ameliorating the efficacy of galacto-oligosaccharides on ovalumin-induced allergic dermatitis symptoms in Balb/c mice by regulating Th2 immune response and the ecosystem of gut microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:6271-6281. [PMID: 35604005 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00157h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effect of oral administration of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS), famous biological molecules that are comprised of galactose and lactose, on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic dermatitis. OVA-induced mice were divided into the OVA-administered group (OVA-C), promethazine hydrochloride-administered group (PC), and 100 and 200 mg kg-1 GOS-administered groups (GL and GH, respectively). GOS administration significantly improved epidermal thickness and decreased CD4+ cell numbers. The concentrations of IgE, OVA-specific IgE, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and INF-γ) in GH group mice were significantly lower than those in OVA-C group mice. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were identified as the major phyla in the intestinal microbiota in mice, and the relative abundance of Deferribacteres was significantly lower in the GH group than in the OVA-C group. Deferribacteraceae and Mucispirillum species were significantly lower in the GH group than in the OVA-C group. The relative abundance of Muribaculum species was significantly lower, but those of Lachnospira and Lactococcus species were significantly higher in the GH group than in the OVA-C group. Our results suggest that the alleviation effect of GOS on allergic dermatitis induced by OVA sensitization was achieved by regulating hypersensitive immune responses by improving the intestinal microbial ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisoo Han
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yejin Ahn
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea. .,Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Won Yu
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Tsuge A, Watanabe A, Kodama Y, Hisaka S, Nose M. Orengedokuto exerts anti-allergic effects via inhibition of effector T cell activation in a murine model of contact hypersensitivity. J Nat Med 2021; 76:144-151. [PMID: 34510369 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Orengedokuto (OGT) is a Kampo prescription that has been used for the treatment of inflammation, hypertension, gastrointestinal disorders, and liver and cerebrovascular diseases. It is also used for the treatment of skin diseases such as urticaria and atopic dermatitis. We previously studied its anti-allergic effects of OGT on the murine model of 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and demonstrated that it significantly suppresses ear swelling in a dose-dependent manner. However, the mechanism underlying this activity remained unknown. Here, we sought to identify the mechanism involved. Using a murine model of TNCB-induced CHS, together with adoptive cell transfer experiments, we found that the anti-allergic effects of OGT may be due to the inhibition of effector T cell activation and not the induction and/or activation of regulatory T cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that oral administration of OGT suppressed the increase in CD8+CD44highCD62L+ cell number in draining lymph nodes (dLNs) of mice sensitized with 5% TNCB. Additionally, ex vivo experiments confirmed the suppressive effect of OGT on the activation of effector T cells, as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by cultured lymphocytes obtained from 5% TNCB-sensitized mice and stimulated with anti-CD3ε and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies was reduced by OGT administration. In conclusion, our finding suggests that OGT exerts anti-allergic effects by regulating the activation of effector T cells involved in inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tsuge
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Atsuki Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Kodama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hisaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Nose
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan.
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Taira K, Fujiwara K, Fukuhara T, Morisaki T, Koyama S, Donishi R, Takeuchi H. Unseiin, a Kampo medicine, Reduces the Severity and Manifestations of Skin Toxicities Induced by Cetuximab: A Case Report. Yonago Acta Med 2020; 63:379-384. [PMID: 33253347 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cetuximab is an effective drug used to treat patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Skin toxicities such as paronychia and skin exsiccation are common adverse events caused by cetuximab. Skin toxicities may cause significant physical and psychosocial discomfort. The goal of managing skin toxicities is to minimize the detrimental effects on quality of life and continue the treatment. In one patient, skin toxicities became severe, up to grade 2, during treatment. The pain induced by paronychia and skin exsiccation made daily life difficult. Ten days after starting Unseiin, symptoms and finger findings resolved significantly. The patient could resume daily activities. No adverse effects induced by Unseiin were observed during treatment. Unseiin was effective on paronychia and skin exsiccation in this case and may contribute to successful treatment of skin toxicities induced by cetuximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenkichiro Taira
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kazunori Fujiwara
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuhara
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Morisaki
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Ryohei Donishi
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hiromi Takeuchi
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Akita S, Namiki T, Kawasaki Y, Rikihisa N, Ogata H, Tokumoto H, Tezuka T, Kubota Y, Kuriyama M, Nakamura M, Mitsukawa N. The beneficial effect of traditional Japanese herbal (Kampo) medicine, Hochu-ekki-to (Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang), for patients with chronic wounds refractory to conventional therapies: A prospective, randomized trial. Wound Repair Regen 2019; 27:672-679. [PMID: 31350938 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hochu-ekki-to (HET) is a traditional Japanese herbal (Kampo) medicine for the treatment of severe weakness, loss of appetite, and indigestion in elderly patients and for the prevention of opportunistic infections. The impact of HET on patients with chronic wounds refractory to conventional therapies was investigated in a prospective, randomized trial, including 18 patients divided into medication (7.5 g oral HET per day, n = 9) and control (n = 9) groups. Wound healing during the 12-week study period was scored based on depth, exudate, size, inflammation/infection, granulation tissue, necrotic tissue, and pocket size. At 12 weeks, wound healing progressed in all nine patients in the medication group, whereas wound healing progressed in only three patients in the control group (significant difference, p < 0.01; relative risk: 3.00). In the medication group, the total score decreased significantly at 8 weeks and later. To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first to show that HET promoted the healing of chronic wounds resistant to conventional treatments. HET may be a choice as an adjunctive therapy for chronic wounds, particularly for patients with malnutrition. This trial was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000031620).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Akita
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takao Namiki
- Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoaki Rikihisa
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ogata
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Tokumoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tezuka
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kubota
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motone Kuriyama
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Michimi Nakamura
- Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mitsukawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Mechesso AF, Lee SJ, Park NH, Kim JY, Im ZE, Suh JW, Park SC. Preventive effects of a novel herbal mixture on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in BALB/C mice. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:25. [PMID: 30658631 PMCID: PMC6339437 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of parts of Cornus officinalis, Rosa multiflora, Lespedeza bicolor, Platycladus orientalis, and Castanea crenata is commonly used for alleviating inflammatory skin disorders. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo preventive effects of a novel herbal formula made from the five plants (C2RLP) against atopic dermatitis in BALB/C mice. METHODS Mice were allocated into five groups (n = 8) including, control (Normal, petrolatum, and betamethasone treated) and treatment groups (treated with 2.5 and 5% C2RLP ointment). Atopic lesion was induced by applying 1-Chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene to the dorsal thoracic area of mice. Macroscopical and histological evaluations were performed to determine the effects of treatment on the progress of the skin lesions. The effects of treatment on the production and release of interleukins, interferon -ϒ, nitrite, prostaglandin E2, thymus and activation-receptor chemokine, and β-hexosaminidase were evaluated and comparisons were made between groups. In addition, the chemical compounds present in C2RLP were identified by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. RESULTS Topical application of C2RLP reduced the dermatitis score and suppressed histopathological changes in mice. Treatment significantly reduced (P < 0.05) plasma IL-4 level, the production of nitrite, prostaglandin E2, and thymus and activation-receptor chemokine production. The lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS-mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells was also suppressed by high concentrations of C2RLP. In addition, C2RLP showed an inhibitory effect against DPPH free radical (IC50 = 147.5 μg/ml) and β-hexosaminidase release (IC50 = 179.5 μg/ml). Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of various compounds, including loganin, ellagic acid, and kaempferol 3-glucoside. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of T- helper 2 cellular responses and suppression of inflammatory mediators contributed to the protective effects of C2RLP from atopic dermatitis in BALB/C mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hye Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yoon Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Zi-Eum Im
- Forest Resources Development Institute of Gyeongsangbuk-do, Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do 36605 Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Science campus, Myongji University, 449-728 Yongin, Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Jeong MK, Kim YE, Kim A, Jung J, Son MJ. The herbal drug, Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: Protocol for a systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e13938. [PMID: 30608425 PMCID: PMC6344144 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BZYQT) is an herbal drug that is widely used to treat various diseases, including gastrointestinal diseases, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) in East Asian countries. BZYQT has been shown to have anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties in experimental studies, and there is substantial clinical evidence of its effect on AD. This review will systematically assess the evidence of BZYQT for the treatment of AD. METHODS/DESIGN Eleven databases will be searched from their inception without language restriction. Randomized controlled trials that examined BZYQT or modified BZYQT for AD will be included. The selection of the studies, data abstraction, and validations will be performed independently by 2 researchers. The methodological qualities of the randomized controlled trials will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically or in print. It will be useful to inform and guide healthcare practitioners. TRIAL REGISTER NUMBER CRD42018105173.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Kim
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Yang SH, Lin YH, Lin JR, Chen HY, Hu S, Yang YH, Yang YH, Yang YS, Fang YF. The Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed Combination of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Chronic Urticaria: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1474. [PMID: 30618764 PMCID: PMC6305335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic urticaria is a bothersome skin disease, and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly used as adjuvant therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the mixture of two CHM formula, Xiao-Feng-San (XFS) and Qing-Shang-Fang-Feng-Tang (QSFFT), in treating urticaria through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Methods: 78 participants entered the screening phase between November 2012 and August 2015. Participants were randomly and equally allocated in either CHM group (2 gm XFS and 2 gm QSFFT four times a day and 5 mg levocetirizine once daily for 28 days followed by 5 mg levocetirizine once daily alone for 28 days) or control group (placebo and 5 mg levocetirizine daily followed by 5 mg levocetirizine once daily for 28 days alone). Symptom improvement was set as the primary outcome, and the influence on sleep quality and changes in serum markers were used as secondary outcomes. Per protocol design was applied to the final analysis. Results: A total of 56 participants entered the final analysis stage. Participants in the CHM group had more prominent symptom relief on day 56 (the weekly urticaria activity score, UAS7, as 9.9 ± 9.2 vs. 15.6 ± 10.8, p = 0.038). In the CHM group, participants' symptom severity reduced progressively (trend analysis, p < 0.001) while the decreasing trend was less favored in the control group (trend analysis, p = 0.056). The life quality improved gradually in both groups, while the differences between CHM and control groups were statistically insignificant. For urticaria-related cytokines, interferon-γ seemed to decrease positively in the CHM group (about 30.8% reduction from baseline, trend analysis p = 0.013). For safety issue, the CHM prescription was well-tolerated with no noticeable long-term side effects when compared to the control group. At 6-month follow-up of symptom changes after the end of the trial, the CHM group participants reported positive results in no recurrence or ≥50% improvement (36.3% in CHM group vs. 20% in Control group, p = 0.103). Conclusions: The combination of XFS and QSFFT tended to be feasible and tolerable adjuvant therapy for urticaria in addition to standard therapy. However, larger study population with longer follow-up duration may be still needed. Trial registration: NCT01715740 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sien-Hung Yang
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Rung Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Yang
- Royal Blackburn Hospital, Blackburn, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Hsun Yang
- School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Yin-Shuo Yang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Fan Fang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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11
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Chen G, Zhao J, Chen T, Zhang Z, Huang C, Xu Z, Xu H. Efficacy and safety of Xiaofeng powder (xiao feng san) in treating urticaria: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13039. [PMID: 30407300 PMCID: PMC6250537 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urticaria is a common skin disease that has a high impact on a patient's daily life. Xiaofeng powder (XFP) is one of the most commonly used Chinese herbal formula in China for urticaria. However, due to the lack of systematic evaluations, its clinical efficacy remains controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect and safety of XFP for urticaria. METHODS Seven databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and the Wanfang Database. The period will be from their inception to September 2018. Randomized controlled trials of XFS used separately against conventional Western medicine therapy in patients with urticarial were included. After the methodologic quality was assessed and the valid data were extracted, RevMan 5.3 software was used for the final meta-analysis. RESULTS The results will provide evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of XFP in treating urticaria. CONCLUSION The conclusion of our systematic review will provide evidence to judge whether XFP is an effective intervention for patient with urticaria. This systematic review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications. The results of the study will provide evidence concerning the efficacy and safety of Xiaofeng Powder (xiao feng san) in treating urticaria. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD 42018087260.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhirui Xu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Paediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Traditional Chinese Medicine Use among Patients with Psoriasis in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3164105. [PMID: 27822287 PMCID: PMC5086381 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3164105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used for patients with psoriasis. This study aimed to investigate TCM usage in patients with psoriasis. We analyzed a cohort of one million individuals representing the 23 million enrollees randomly selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We identified 28,510 patients newly diagnosed with psoriasis between 2000 and 2010. Among them, 20,084 (70.4%) patients were TCM users. Patients who were female, younger, white-collar workers and lived in urbanized area tended to be TCM users. The median interval between the initial diagnosis of psoriasis to the first TCM consultation was 12 months. More than half (N = 11,609; 57.8%) of the TCM users received only Chinese herbal medicine. Win-qing-yin and Bai-xian-pi were the most commonly prescribed Chinese herbal formula and single herb, respectively. The core prescription pattern comprised Mu-dan-pi, Wen-qing-yin, Zi-cao, Bai-xian-pi, and Di-fu-zi. Patients preferred TCM than Western medicine consultations when they had metabolic syndrome, hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, alopecia areata, Crohn's disease, cancer, depression, fatty liver, chronic airway obstruction, sleep disorder, and allergic rhinitis. In conclusion, TCM use is popular among patients with psoriasis in Taiwan. Future clinical trials to investigate its efficacy are warranted.
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Chen YC, Lin YH, Hu S, Chen HY. Characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine users and prescription analysis for pediatric atopic dermatitis: a population-based study. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:173. [PMID: 27276875 PMCID: PMC4898376 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis among children is an important issue due to relapses and skin manifestations. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is commonly used to treat children with atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and TCM prescriptions of patients with atopic dermatitis using a nationwide database. Methods Children younger than 12 years of age diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, defined as ICD-9-CM codes 691.8 and 692.x, were identified from the database. Data on age, diagnosis codes, area of residence and use of corticosteroids of the TCM users were recorded. Association rule mining was used to analyze the prescriptions used for atopic dermatitis. Results We identified 13,646 children with atopic dermatitis using TCM in 2007. Female gender (OR: 0.83 for male gender), adolescence (OR: 10.0, 95 % CI: 8.88–11.15) and allergic rhinitis (OR: 2.44, 95 % CI: 2.10–2.85) were associated with the use of TCM. Fewer of the TCM users were prescribed with corticosteroids (35.8 % of all TCM users), but the TCM users had a higher rate of long-term topical corticosteroid therapy (10.6 % for TCM users versus 2.0 % for those who did not use TCM). Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) was used by 93.7 % of all TCM users in 36,398 prescriptions. On average, 5.6 kinds of CHM were used in combination. The relationship between the CHMs constituted a network, in which Xiao-Feng-San was the core treatment for atopic dermatitis. Conclusions In this study, we described the characteristics of children with atopic dermatitis who use TCM in Taiwan. and identified the core CHM treatment. Further research on the safety and efficacy of this treatment are still needed.
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Kim WY, Kim HG, Lee HW, Lee JS, Im HJ, Kim HS, Lee SB, Son CG. A Herbal Formula, Atofreellage, Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in an NC/Nga Mouse Model. Molecules 2015; 21:E35. [PMID: 26712731 PMCID: PMC6273903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effect of Atofreellage (AF), a herbal formula composed of 10 medicinal plants. AD was induced on the dorsal skin areas of NC/Nga mice (male, seven weeks old) by daily application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) for five weeks. After three weeks of DNCB application, 200 μL of AF (0, 25, 50 or 100 mg/mL) was applied to the skin lesions. Histological findings, blood cell populations, serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory signaling in the skin tissue, and T-helper cell type 2 (Th2)-related cytokines in splenocytes were analyzed. Histopathological findings showed AF treatment notably attenuated the thickness of dorsal skin, and eosinophil infiltration. AF treatment (especially 100 mg/mL) also demonstrably ameliorated the blood cell population abnormalities, as the notable elevation of serum concentrations of IgE, histamine, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were remarkably normalized by AF treatment. Western blot analysis evidenced the apparent normalization of inflammatory signals (ERK, p38 MAP kinase, JNK, and NF-κB) in the skin tissue. Additionally, AF treatment notably attenuated the activation of Th2-dominant cytokines (IL-13, IL-4, and IL-5) in Con A-treated splenocytes in an ex vivo assay. In conclusion, this study provides experimental evidence for the clinical relevance of Atofreellage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Yong Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
| | - Hye-Won Lee
- TKM-Based Herbal Drug Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
| | - Hwi-Jin Im
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Seon Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
| | - Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research-Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 176-9, Daeheung-ro, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 34929, Korea.
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15
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Chen HY, Lin YH, Huang JW, Chen YC. Chinese herbal medicine network and core treatments for allergic skin diseases: Implications from a nationwide database. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 168:260-7. [PMID: 25865681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly used to treat skin diseases, but CHM prescription patterns are difficult to understand due to their complexity and inter-connections. This study aimed to demonstrate CHM core treatments and network for treatment of allergic skin diseases by analyzing a nationwide prescription database. MATERIALS AND METHODS All CHM prescriptions made for atopic dermatitis (with age limitation ≤ 12 years) and urticaria for the entire year of 2011 were included. Association rule mining (ARM) combined with social network analysis (SNA) were used to analyze CHM prescriptions and explore the CHM prescription pattern and network. RESULTS A total of 27,350 and 97,188 prescriptions for atopic dermatitis and urticaria, respectively, were analyzed. Xiao-Feng-San (XFS) was the most commonly used CHM (32% of prescriptions for atopic dermatitis and 47.4% for urticaria) and was the core treatment for both diseases. Moreover, 42 and 82 important CHM-CHM combinations were identified to establish the CHM network, and XFS with Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz was the most prevalent (6.4% for atopic dermatitis and 9.1% for urticaria). Traditional Chinese Medicine heat syndrome was most prevalent cause. Extensive anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, anti-oxidation, and anti-bacterial effects were also found among the CHMs. CONCLUSIONS Network analysis on CHM prescriptions provides graphic and comprehensive illustrations regarding CHM treatment for atopic dermatitis and urticaria. The CHM network analysis of prescriptions is essential to realize the CHM treatments and to select suitable candidates for clinical use or further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yu Chen
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wu Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, I-Lan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Education, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, I-Lan, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Wang N, Feng Y, Tan HY, Cheung F, Hong M, Lao L, Nagamatsu T. Inhibition of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 confers to tumor suppression by a herbal formulation Huanglian-Jiedu decoction in human hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 164:309-318. [PMID: 25700642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE An oriental medicinal formulation, Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HLJDD), has been well documented in few Traditional Chinese Medicine Classics 1300 years ago for treatment of heat and dampness-related diseases. Its effect is well accepted in Asian community, including China, Japan and Korea. Recent studies have postulated HLJDD as a regimen for cancer treatment, especially liver cancer, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the suppressive effect of HLJDD on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Chemical composition of HLJDD was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The tumor suppressive effect of HLJDD was determined on both HCC cells and xenograft model. Nascent protein synthesis was detected with Click-IT protein labeling technology; protein expression was determined by immunoblotting and imunnohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Quality analysis revealed that HLJDD of different batches is consistent in both chemical composition and bioactivities. HLJDD inhibited HCC cell proliferation at its non-toxic doses, and suppressed growth and angiogenesis in xenografted murine model. HLJDD suppressed the synthesis of nascent protein via inactivation of eEF2 without deregulating the translation initiation factors. The major components in HLJDD, geniposide, berberine and baicalin, additively act on eEF2, and contributed to the responsible activity. HLJDD-activated eEF2 kinase (eEF2K) led to eEF2 inactivation, and activation of AMPK signaling may be responsible for the eEF2K induction. Blocked AMPK activity in HLJDD-treated HCC cells attenuated eEF2K activation as well as the inhibitory effect of the formula. In nutrient deprived HCC cells with inactivated eEF2, the inhibitory effect of HLJDD in tumor cell expansion was interfered. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that HLJDD has potential in blocking HCC progression with involvement of eEF2 inhibition.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Berberine/analysis
- Berberine/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Elongation Factor 2 Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Elongation Factor 2 Kinase/metabolism
- Female
- Flavonoids/analysis
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Humans
- Iridoids/analysis
- Iridoids/pharmacology
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Phytotherapy
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ming Hong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tadashi Nagamatsu
- Laboratory of Pharmacobiology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Japan
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Identifying chinese herbal medicine network for eczema: implications from a nationwide prescription database. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:347164. [PMID: 25685167 PMCID: PMC4320894 DOI: 10.1155/2015/347164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Eczema is a highly prevalent dermatological disease that can severely affect the patient's quality of life. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly used in combination for eczema due to the complicated pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify a CHM network for the treatment of eczema by using a nationwide database. During 2011, 381,282 CHM prescriptions made for eczema (ICD-9-CM 692.x) were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan and analyzed by using association rule mining and social network analysis. Among 661 available CHMs, 44 important combinations were identified. Among the CHM networks, seven clusters with the predominant traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern were recognized. The largest CHM cluster was used to treat the wind-dampness-heat pattern, and Xiao-Feng-San (24.1% of all prescriptions) was the core of this cluster with anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antiallergic effects. Lonicera japonica (11.0% of all prescriptions) with Forsythia suspense (17.0% of all prescriptions) was the most commonly used CHM combination and was also the core treatment for treating the heat pattern, in which an antimicrobial effect is found. CHM network analysis is helpful for TCM doctors or researchers to choose candidates for clinical practice or further studies.
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18
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Chen HY, Lin YH, Wu JC, Hu S, Yang SH, Chen JL, Chen YC, Lo SS. Use of traditional Chinese medicine reduces exposure to corticosteroid among atopic dermatitis children: a 1-year follow-up cohort study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 159:189-196. [PMID: 25449448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atopic dermatitis is a prevalent dermatologic disease in children. Corticosteroid is an important treatment but side effects caused by long-term and excessive use heavily concern patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is potentially an alternative treatment and might cause less adverse effects. This nationwide retrospective cohort study aimed to examine the hypothesis that TCM use is associated with lower exposure to corticosteroid. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children under 12 years of age with ICD-9 codes 691.8 and 692.x were identified as atopic dermatitis patients from 2007/1/1 to 2007/12/31. Corticosteroid use was compared between TCM users and non-users for one-year follow-up by using a general estimation equation model with propensity-score matching. RESULTS A total of 9012 TCM users were identified and the use of corticosteroid after treatment was compared with matched TCM non-users. Use of TCM significantly reduced exposure to corticosteroids after 1-year follow-up. Among TCM users, the exposure to any corticosteroids was lower (42.1% reduction in TCM users versus 34.5% increase in TCM non-users, relative risk: 0.36; p-Value<0.001), the duration was shorter (relative risk for using corticosteroid more than 14 days: 0.37; p-Value<0.001), and the rate of frequent visits with steroid prescription was also lower. CHM was the most commonly used TCM modality (98.5% of all visits) and Xiao-Feng-San was the most commonly used CHM (33% of all prescriptions) with extensive coverage for pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS Lower use rate of corticosteroid can be found after TCM treatment, which can be considered as an integrative therapy for atopic dermatitis. Further studies are warranted on the basis of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yu Chen
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ching Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sien-Hung Yang
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Liang Chen
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Education, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, I-Lan, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Shun Lo
- Department of Surgery School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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Jung JW, Kim SJ, Ahn EM, Oh SR, Lee HJ, Jeong JA, Lee JY. Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense Attenuated Allergic Inflammation In Vivo and In Vitro. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:547-52. [PMID: 25489423 PMCID: PMC4256035 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense MAX. (R. fasciculatum) has traditionally been used in Korea to treat inflammatory diseases. However, the exact mechanism that accounts for the anti-inflammatory effect of R. fasciculatum is not completely understood. We aimed to ascertain the pharmacological effects of R. fasciculatum on both compound 48/80- or histamine-induced scratching behaviors and 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice. Additionally, to find a possible explanation for the anti-inflammatory effects of R. fasciculatum, we evaluated the effects of R. fasciculatum on the production of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Treatment of R. fasciculatum significantly reduced compound 48/80- or histamine-induced the pruritus in mice. R. fasciculatum attenuated the AD symptoms such as eczematous, erythema and dryness and serum IgE levels in AD model. Additionally, R. fasciculatum inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The maximal rates of TNF-α and IL-6 inhibition by R. fasciculatum (1 mg/ml) were approximately 32.12% and 46.24%, respectively. We also showed that R. fasciculatum inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Collectively, the findings of this study provide us with novel insights into the pharmacological actions of R. fasciculatum as a potential molecule for use in the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wook Jung
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
| | - Eun-Mi Ahn
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
| | - Sa-Rang Oh
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
| | - Hye-Ja Lee
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
| | - Ji-Ahn Jeong
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
| | - Ju-Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Health and Welfare, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715
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Effect of oral administration of fucosterol from Hizikia fusiformis on DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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21
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Efficacy of kampo medicine in treating atopic dermatitis: an overview. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:260235. [PMID: 24639879 PMCID: PMC3930026 DOI: 10.1155/2013/260235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with recurring episodes of itching and a chronic relapsing course. Current treatment options for AD include topical agents, such as topical corticosteroids and oral antiallergic drugs. Providing effective long-term treatment is sometimes difficult due to the chronic, relapsing nature of AD; therefore, there is a need to identify better therapeutic options with minimal side effects that are well tolerated over the variable course of the disease. Traditional herbal medicine, also known as Kampo medicine in Japan, has a long history and plays a role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, including AD. Some Kampo medicines are useful for treating inflammatory skin diseases, and there has been increased interest in using Kampo medicine to develop new therapeutic agents for AD. Standard Kampo formulas for AD are effective in removing the symptoms of “Netsu Sho,” “Ketsu-Kyo,” “Ki-Kyo,” and “O-Ketsu.” This paper discusses the efficacy of Kampo medicines in treating AD. Knowledge of the mechanisms of action of Kampo medicines will result in greater choices of pharmacotherapeutic agents for AD.
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Lin YH, Chen YC, Hu S, Chen HY, Chen JL, Yang SH. Identifying core herbal treatments for urticaria using Taiwan's nationwide prescription database. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:556-562. [PMID: 23684721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Urticaria is a common skin disease that has a high impact on a patient's daily life. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been frequently used for treatment of skin manifestations in addition to Western medicine. The aim of this study is to analyze a nationwide prescription database to explore the most commonly used CHM for urticaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nationwide CHM prescription database was used, and data from ambulatory visits of patients with a single diagnosis of urticaria (ICD-9 code: 708) were identified for the study. Association rule mining was applied to explore the core formula and popular combinations of CHM for urticaria. RESULTS A total of 33,355 ambulatory visits made by 12,498 patients were included in this study. On average, 6.18 CHMs were used per prescription. Xiao Feng San (XFS) and Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius were the most commonly used herbal formula (HF) and single herb (SH), found in 49.44% and 24.67% of all prescriptions, respectively. XFS with Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius were used most frequently in a two-combination CHM (9.95%). Moreover, XFS with Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. plus Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. were the most frequent three-combination CHM (3.46%). XFS was the core formula for urticaria since it was included in nearly all combinations prescribed for the treatment of urticaria. CONCLUSIONS XFS is the most important core herbal treatment used for urticaria in Taiwan, and Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius with XFS is the most popular combination. Further well-designed clinical trials and animal model studies for urticaria are still needed to explore the efficacy and mechanism of CHM in urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-hsuan Lin
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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The ameliorative effect of sophoricoside on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Molecules 2013; 18:6113-27. [PMID: 23698058 PMCID: PMC6270464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18056113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sophoricoside exhibits numerous pharmacological effects, including anti- inflammatory and anti-cancer actions, yet the exact mechanism that accounts for the anti-allergic effects of sophoricoside is not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether and how sophoricoside modulates the mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation in vitro and in vivo. We investigated the pharmacological effects of sophoricoside on both compound 48/80 or histamine-induced scratching behaviors and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Additionally, to find a possible explanation for the anti-inflammatory effects of sophoricoside, we evaluated the effects of sophoricoside on the production of histamine and inflammatory cytokines and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and caspase-1 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1). The finding of this study demonstrated that sophoricoside reduced compound 48/80 or histamine-induced scratching behaviors and DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Additionally, sophoricoside inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines as well as the activation of NF-κB and caspase-1 in stimulated HMC-1. Collectively, the findings of this study provide us with novel insights into the pharmacological actions of sophoricoside as a potential molecule for use in the treatment of allergic inflammation diseases.
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Inhibitory effects of polysaccharide-rich extract of Phragmites rhizoma on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Life Sci 2013; 92:866-72. [PMID: 23517777 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Phragmites rhizoma was reported to have anti-oxidative and free radical scavenging activity. It also has been traditionally used to suppress inflammation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the topical effects of the polysaccharide-rich extract of P. rhizoma (PEP) on atopic dermatitis. MAIN METHODS We induced AD-like skin lesions by an extract of the house-dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Dfb) in NC/Nga mice, and then performed macroscopic analysis, immunohistochemical staining and measurement of total serum IgE and cytokine production by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS Topically applied PEP suppressed dermatitis with a decrease in dermatitis score and scratch number. The histological manifestations of atopic skin lesions including thickened epidermis and increased numbers of mast cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and nerve fibers were significantly attenuated. The activation of IgE and the levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ IL-4 and IL-10 were also decreased. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicated that PEP might have an inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis-like lesion and be a promising natural resource in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Effect of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata on House Dust Mite-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:705167. [PMID: 23082085 PMCID: PMC3467941 DOI: 10.1155/2012/705167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata (AKH, Zingiberaceae) extract on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in RAW 264.7 cells, thymus- and-activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) in HaCaT cells, and histamine level in HMC-1 cells. In an in vivo experiment, atopic dermatitis was induced by topical application of house dust mites for 4 weeks, and the protective effects of AKH was investigated by measuring the severity of the skin reaction on the back and ears, and plasma levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine. AKH extract suppressed the production of NO and PGE(2) in RAW 264.7 cells, TARC in HaCaT cells, and histamine in HMC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In in vivo experiments, the severity of dermatitis, including erythema/hemorrhage, edema, erosion and scaling, and plasma levels of IgE, and histamine were lower in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis, treated with AKH extract than in untreated mice. AKH extract reduced the histological manifestations of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions such as erosion, hyperplasia of the epidermis and dermis, and inflammatory cell infiltration on the skin of the back and ear. These results suggest that AKH inhibits the development of house dust mite-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
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Li L, Zeng H, Shan L, Yuan X, Li Y, Liu R, Zhang W. The different inhibitory effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang on cyclooxygenase 2 and 5-lipoxygenase. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 143:732-739. [PMID: 22884869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT), a famous traditional Chinese prescription with wide anti-inflammatory applications, is an aqueous extract of four herbal materials: Rhizoma coptidis, Radix scutellariae, Cortex phellodendri, and Fructus gardeniae. Its effects on the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathways are thought to be responsible for its anti-inflammatory activity. However, our previous work found that the inhibitory effects of HLJDT act on the 5-LOX pathway but not on the COX pathway. The possibility that HLJDT inhibits COX-2- or 5-LOX-catalyzed eicosanoid generation by downregulating enzyme expression requires further investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY To observe the effects of HLJDT and its four major components (baicalin, baicalein, berberine and geniposide) on COX-2- or 5-LOX-catalyzed eicosanoid generation and to distinguish the effects of HLJDT on enzyme activity from those on enzyme expression. METHODS The topical anti-inflammatory activities and inhibition of eicosanoid formation of HLJDT and its components were observed in an arachidonic acid (AA)-induced mouse ear edema model. Macrophage-based systems were established to observe the effects of the drugs on enzyme activity and enzyme expression of COX-2 and 5-LOX. Further experiments were carried out to confirm these effects at the mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS Topical treatment of HLJDT significantly inhibited AA-induced mouse ear edema and reduced PGE(2) and LTB(4) release in the edematous ears. Baicalein, geniposide, and berberine also ameliorated the symptoms and suppressed eicosanoid generation with varying efficacies. Cell-based assays showed that HLJDT and baicalein inhibited the PGE(2) levels by decreasing COX-2 enzyme expression without affecting COX-2 enzyme activity in RAW 246.7 murine macrophages. The other experiments on rat peritoneal macrophages indicated that HLJDT and baicalein exerted significant inhibition on LTB(4) production by decreasing 5-LOX enzyme activity. The real-time PCR and western blotting data demonstrated that HLJDT and baicalein reduced COX-2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels, whereas no inhibition on 5-LOX expression was observed. CONCLUSIONS HLJDT can suppress eicosanoid generation via both the COX and LOX pathways, which definitely contributes to its topical anti-inflammatory activity. We have confirmed that its dual inhibition on the COX and LOX pathways mainly result from the downregulation of COX-2 expression and direct inhibition of 5-LOX activity, respectively. Baicalein worked as a potent active component in most of the tests. These findings about the different inhibitory effects of HLJDT on COX-2 and 5-LOX help to better understand the mechanism of HLJDT and promote safer applications of drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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Betula platyphylla attenuated mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Life Sci 2012; 91:20-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Min DL, Park EJ. Effects of Nardostachys Jatamansi on Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Lesions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7778/jpkm.2012.26.2.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Munakata K, Takashima K, Nishiyama M, Asano N, Mase A, Hioki K, Ohnishi Y, Yamamoto M, Watanabe K. Microarray analysis on germfree mice elucidates the primary target of a traditional Japanese medicine juzentaihoto: acceleration of IFN-α response via affecting the ISGF3-IRF7 signaling cascade. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:30. [PMID: 22257721 PMCID: PMC3298487 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The traditional Japanese medicine juzentaihoto (JTX) is a pharmaceutical grade multi-herbal medicine widely used for the prevention of cancer metastasis and infection in immuno-compromized patients in Japan. The effect of JTX has been supposed to be intimately affected by the immunological properties of host and enteric microflora. The influence of JTX on the gene expression profile in the large and small intestines was investigated by microarray analyses using mice of different strains with or without enteric microflora. Results In all types of mice, including germfree (GF) animals, the genes most affected by two-week oral JTX treatment were the type 1 interferon (IFN)-related genes including Stat1, Isgf3g and Irf7, which play a critical role in the feedback loop of IFN-α production cascade. In IQI specific pathogen free (SPF) mice JTX increased the steady state level of the expression of IFN-related genes, but had the opposite effect in IQI GF and BALB/c SPF mice. Promoter analysis suggests that tandem repeated $IRFF (the promoter sequences for interferon regulatory factors) may be a primary target for JTX action. Pre-treatment of JTX accelerated the effects of an oral IFN "inducer" 2-amino-5-bromo-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (ABMP) (up-regulation of IFN-α production in IQI strain and down-regulation in BALB/c mice), which is in good accordance with the effect of JTX on gene expression of type 1 IFN-related genes. Conclusions Microarray analysis revealed that the target of JTX might be the transcription machinery regulating the steady-state level of genes involved in the ISGF3-IRF7 cascade, whose effect is bi-directional in a strain- and microbiota-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Munakata
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang G, Lee K, Lee MH, Kim SH, Ham IH, Choi HY. Inhibitory effects of Chelidonium majus extract on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 138:398-403. [PMID: 21963561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Chelidonium majus (CM) has traditionally been used for treatment of various inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). However its action on atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of CM on AD using NC/Nga mice as an AD model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of CM on 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) induced NC/Nga mice was evaluated by examining skin symptom severity, itching behavior, ear thickness, levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interlukin-4 (IL-4), skin histology. RESULTS The CM significantly reduced the total clinical severity score, itching behavior, ear thickness and the level of serum IgE in AD mouse model. CM not only decreased TNF-α but also IL-4. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CM may be a potential therapeutic modality for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabsik Yang
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Kang MJ, Eum JY, Jeong MS, Park SH, Moon KY, Kang MH, Kim MS, Choi SE, Lee MW, Lee DI, Bang H, Lee CS, Joo SS, Li K, Lee MK, Seo SJ, Choi YW. Tat peptide-admixed elastic liposomal formulation of hirsutenone for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2459-67. [PMID: 22072881 PMCID: PMC3205140 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to enhance a topical delivery of hirsutenone (HST), a naturally occuring immunomodulator, employing Tat peptide-admixed elastic liposomes (EL/T). METHODS HST-loaded EL, consisting of phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80 (85:15 w/w%), were prepared using thin film hydration method. By adding Tat peptide to EL (0.16 w/w%), EL/T were formulated. The in vitro skin permeation of HST was examined using a Franz diffusion cell mounted with depilated mouse skin. Lesions for atopic dermatitis (AD) were induced by a topical application of diphenylcyclopropenone to NC/Nga mice. Therapeutic improvements of AD were evaluated by clinical skin severity scores. Immunological analyses on inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 levels in the skin and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, immunoglobulin E, and eosinophil levels in the blood were also performed. RESULTS EL systems were superior to conventional cream, revealing greater flux values in a permeation study. The addition of Tat peptide further increased the skin permeation of HST. In an efficacy study with AD-induced NC/Nga mice, an HST-containing EL/T formulation brought a significant improvement in both skin severity score and immune-related responses for the levels of nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-4, IL-13, immunoglobulin E, and eosinophils. CONCLUSION A novel EL/T formulation was successfully developed for topical delivery of HST to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Joo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung- Ang University, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Pfab F, Athanasiadis GI, Huss-Marp J, Fuqin J, Heuser B, Cifuentes L, Brockow K, Schober W, Konstantinow A, Irnich D, Behrendt H, Ring J, Ollert M. Effect of Acupuncture on Allergen-Induced Basophil Activation in Patients with Atopic Eczema:A Pilot Trial. J Altern Complement Med 2011; 17:309-14. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2009.0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Pfab
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Georgios I. Athanasiadis
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Research Division of Molecular and Clinical Allergotoxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Huss-Marp
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Jiang Fuqin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate Heuser
- Clinical Research Division of Molecular and Clinical Allergotoxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Liliana Cifuentes
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schober
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Irnich
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heidrun Behrendt
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Research Division of Molecular and Clinical Allergotoxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Sung YY, Yoon T, Jang JY, Park SJ, Kim HK. Topical application of Rehmannia glutinosa extract inhibits mite allergen-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:37-44. [PMID: 21129471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Rehmannia glutinosa is known in Asia as a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease associated with enhanced T-helper 2 (Th2) lymphocyte responses to allergens that results in elevated serum IgE levels and leukocyte infiltration. Although some studies have shown that Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RGE) has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities, these properties have not been demonstrated in AD. This study investigated the effectiveness of RGE as a therapeutic candidate in an AD model as well as its underlying mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of RGE on mite allergen (Dermatophagoides farinae)-treated NC/Nga mice were evaluated by skin symptom severity, ear thickness, production of serum IgE and histamine, and expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules in the ear lesions. In addition, the levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) produced in both TNF-α- and IFN-γ-stimulated human keratinocytes were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS RGE treatment of NC/Nga mice significantly reduced dermatitis scores, ear thicknesses, and serum histamine levels. Histological analyses demonstrated decreased thickening of the epidermis/dermis as well as dermal infiltration by inflammatory cells. In the ear lesions, mRNA expression levels of IL-4, TNF-α, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 were inhibited by RGE treatment. RGE also suppressed the production of TARC, MDC, and RANTES in both the ear lesions and keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS RGE inhibits the development of AD in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Young Sung
- Center of Herbal Resources Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Inhibitory effect of Kyungohkgo in the development of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:317-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Funakushi N, Yamaguchi T, Jiang J, Imamura S, Kuhara T, Suto H, Ueki R, Kase Y, Kobayashi H, Ogawa H, Ikeda S. Ameliorating effect of Yokukansan on the development of atopic dermatitis-like lesions and scratching behavior in socially isolated NC/Nga mice. Arch Dermatol Res 2011; 303:659-67. [PMID: 21365206 PMCID: PMC3197922 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Yokukansan (YKS) has been used in Japan as a remedy for neurosis, insomnia, and children with night crying. In a previous study, we reported that YKS controls scratching behavior and inhibits the development of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like lesions in NC/Nga mice. In this study, we investigated the effects of YKS on the development of AD-like lesions in socially isolated NC/Nga mice compared with the effects of fexofenadine and elucidated the mechanism of the ameliorating effect of YKS on the skin lesions. Ten-week-old male NC/Nga mice were divided into three groups (n = 5/group): the conventional control, the YKS-treated, and the fexofenadine-treated groups, and were kept isolated under conventional conditions for 6 weeks. Measurements were made of dermatitis scores and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), scratching and grooming behaviors. Immunohistochemistry and mRNA levels were also evaluated. We performed similar experiments under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions that served as a SPF control. YKS and fexofenadine inhibited the aggravation of skin lesions and decreased TEWL, but only YKS decreased the numbers of scratching and pathologic grooming behaviors. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR revealed that N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor expression was increased in the skin of conventional control mice and was decreased in YKS-treated mice. Glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) mRNA levels were decreased in the skin of conventional control mice and were increased in YKS-treated mice. The results indicate that YKS ameliorates AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice through a mechanism distinct from that of fexofenadine. Furthermore, the effects of YKS are suggested to be mediated via glutamate signaling in the skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Funakushi
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hong CE, Lyu SY. Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Effects of Korean Red Ginseng Extract in Human Keratinocytes. Immune Netw 2011; 11:42-9. [PMID: 21494373 PMCID: PMC3072674 DOI: 10.4110/in.2011.11.1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we have investigated the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extracts on the production of TNF-α and IL-8 in human keratinocytes. Also, to examine the antioxidative effect of red ginseng extracts, free radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in human dermal fibroblasts was measured. METHODS To investigate the effect of KRG in atopic dermatitis, we measured the level of TNF-α and IL-8 secretion in LPS-stimulated human keratinocytes after the treatment of KRG extracts using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-oxidative activity was investigated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and SOD activity. RESULTS The stimulation of human keratinocytes with KRG extracts shifted the LPS-induced cytokine secretion toward a more immunosuppressive response. KRG dose-dependently decreased TNF-α and IL-8 production in HaCaT cells and a significant inhibition of TNF-α was shown when cells were treated with 500 and 1,000 µg/ml of KRG extracts. Additionally, KRG extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging and SOD activity in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, SOD activities of concentrations higher than 60 µg/ml of KRG extracts were significantly different in human dermal fibroblast cells. CONCLUSION Based on this study, KRG extracts may be a useful immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Eui Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
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Lee JH, Cho SH. Korean red ginseng extract ameliorates skin lesions in NC/Nga mice: an atopic dermatitis model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:810-817. [PMID: 21094681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Korean red ginseng (KRG, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has traditionally been considered to harbor anti-allergic effects, however its action on atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of KRG on AD using NC/Nga mice as an AD model. In addition, we examined the effect of aprepitant (substance P specific neurokinin receptor antagonist) on AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The KRG extract and aprepitant were administered orally to NC/Nga mice. The efficacy of KRG and aprepitant was evaluated by assessing total clinical severity score, ear thickness, serum IgE level and histology. In addition, mRNA and protein expression were measured by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS The KRG extract significantly reduced the total clinical severity score, ear thickness and the level of serum IgE in AD mouse model, whereas aprepitant reduced only the serum IgE level. KRG not only decreased TNF-α, IFN-γ and substance P but also reduced the infiltration of FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and CD1a+ Langerhans cells in the lesions, whereas aprepitant decreased only substance P and the infiltration of Treg cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that KRG extract may be a potential therapeutic modality for AD and aprepitant could be used as adjunctive agent to control pruritus in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 665 Bupyung-Dong, Bupyung-Gu, Inchon 403-720, Republic of Korea
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Sung YY, Yoon T, Jang JY, Park SJ, Jeong GH, Kim HK. Inhibitory effects of Cinnamomum cassia extract on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by mite antigen in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:621-628. [PMID: 21035532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) has been traditionally used to treat allergic disease as well as dyspepsia, gastritis, and blood circulation disturbances. However, the antiallergic properties of C. cassia have not been fully verified using scientific tools. This study investigated the effectiveness of C. cassia extract (CCE) as an antiallergic agent in atopic dermatitis model and underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of CCE on mite antigen-treated NC/Nga mice was evaluated by examining skin symptom severity, levels of serum IgE, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and histamine, skin histology, and mRNA expression of cytokines in the skin lesions. Moreover, the effect of CCE on TNF-α-and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced chemokine production in human keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA. RESULTS CCE treatment of NC/Nga mice reduced the dermatitis score and the levels of serum IgE, histamine, and TNF-α. Histological examination showed inhibition of the thickening of the epidermis/dermis and reduced dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells. In skin lesions, mRNA expression of IL-4, TNF-α, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) was inhibited by CCE treatment. The production of TARC, macrophage-derived chemokine, and RANTES from IFN-γ-and TNF-α-stimulated human keratinocytes was suppressed by CCE treatment in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS CCE inhibits the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the T-helper 2 cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Young Sung
- Center of Herbal Resources Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Lee O, Choi M, Ha S, Lee G, Kim J, Park G, Lee M, Choi Y, Kim M, Oh CH. Effect of pedunculagin investigated by non-invasive evaluation on atopic-like dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Skin Res Technol 2010; 16:371-7. [PMID: 20637007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2010.00443.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder that is becoming increasingly prevalent. Experimental animal models have been an indispensable tool for studying its pathological mechanisms and for in vivo testing of novel therapeutic approaches. AD-like lesions can be induced experimentally in NC/Nga mice. Pedunculagin, an ellagitannin purified from the Manchurian alder, Alnus hirsuta var. microphylla, Betulaceae, is a novel immunomodulator. To evaluate the effect of pedunculagin for AD-like lesions in NC/Nga mice, using clinical and non-invasive methods. METHODS AD-like lesions were induced in NC/Nga mice using 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB). A cream containing 0.1% or 0.5% pedunculagin was applied to the positive treatment group, and the base cream without pedunculagin was applied to the negative treatment group. The control group did not receive any kind of topical agents. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of pedunculagin for AD by statistical evaluation of the clinical severity score using non-invasive biomedical engineering tools before treatment, and 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks afterwards. RESULTS An AD-like skin rash was successfully induced using TNCB in NC/Nga mice. The group receiving higher concentrations of pedunculagin showed faster and greater improvement. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that remedies made from natural materials like pedunculagin are now showing promise for medical applications, and many new studies are expected to explore this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onseok Lee
- Research Institute for Skin Image, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, 97 Guro-dong gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
IPF, despite considerable advances in clinical management and understanding of its complex pathophysiology, is still a fatal disease without effective treatment. Herbal medicine has been used for more than 5000 years and is the central component of medical practice in many parts of Asia. Not surprisingly, traditional and herbal medicine is also widely applied for treatment of IPF. This review describes the most important herbal medicines that are used for IPF treatment. The relevant experimental studies investigating potential mechanisms of these drugs are discussed. The best conducted clinical studies which have reported beneficial effects of some herbal medications in the management of IPF are also evaluated. Overall, there is considerable experimental support from preclinical studies for some of these herbal medicines, but the translation into clinical practice appears difficult. The clinical trials evaluating their anti-fibrotic potential are not fulfilling the standards expected from 'Western' medicines. Systematic clinical research in this field is still in its infancy, and as such, the routine use of traditional and herbal medicine cannot be recommended for patients suffering from IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yang
- Department of Respirology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zeng H, Liu X, Dou S, Xu W, Li N, Liu X, Zhang W, Hu Z, Liu R. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang exerts anti-inflammatory effects in rats through inhibition of nitric oxide production and eicosanoid biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.12.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of anti-inflammatory use, but its pharmacological effects have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of HLJDT in vivo and in vitro.
Methods
The carrageenan rat air pouch model was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory action of HLJDT after oral administration. Moreover, we exploited a modified method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique to assay the effects of HLJDT on arachidonic acid metabolites.
Key findings
Our data demonstrate that oral administration of HLJDT significantly inhibited the inflammatory responses in carrageenan-injected rat air pouches, and also significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in vivo, without any influence on biosynthesis of cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived eicosanoids. Similar behaviour of HLJDT was also observed by using calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated peritoneal macrophages, where HLJDT markedly inhibited eicosanoids derived from different lipoxygenases. The NO production and the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and chemotactic factors (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL2) were also inhibited by HLJDT in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.
Conclusions
Our data revealed, for the first time, that HLJDT could inhibit biosynthesis of eicosanoids derived from different lipoxygenases. Also, HLJDT may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by its suppression on eicosanoid generation, NO production and gene transcription of chemotactic factors, which supports its effectiveness in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawu Zeng
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shengshan Dou
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlin Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Runhui Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Kobayashi H, Ishii M, Takeuchi S, Tanaka Y, Shintani T, Yamatodani A, Kusunoki T, Furue M. Efficacy and Safety of a Traditional Herbal Medicine,Hochu-ekki-toin the Long-Term Management ofKikyo(Delicate Constitution) Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A 6-Month, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 7:367-73. [PMID: 18955318 PMCID: PMC2887326 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hochu-ekki-to is a traditional herbal (Kampo) medicine that has been shown to be effective for patients with Kikyo (delicate, easily fatigable, or hypersensitive) constitution. Previous case reports have suggested that this herbal drug was effective for a certain subgroup of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Hochu-ekki-to in the long-term management of Kikyo patients with AD. In this multicenter, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 91 Kikyo patients with AD were enrolled. Kikyo condition was evaluated by a questionnaire scoring system. All patients continued their ordinary treatments (topical steroids, topical tacrolimus, emollients or oral antihistamines) before and after their protocol entry. Hochu-ekki-to or placebo was orally administered twice daily for 24 weeks. The skin severity scores, total equivalent amount (TEA) of topical agents used for AD treatment, prominent efficacy (cases with skin severity score = 0 at the end of the study) rate and aggravated rate (more than 50% increase of TEA of topical agents from the beginning of the study) were monitored and evaluated. Seventy-seven out of 91 enrolled patients completed the 24-week treatment course (Hochu-ekki-to: n = 37, placebo: n = 40). The TEA of topical agents (steroids and/or tacrolimus) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the Hochu-ekki-to group than in the placebo group, although the overall skin severity scores were not statistically different. The prominent efficacy rate was 19% (7 of 37) in the Hochu-ekki-to group and 5% (2 of 40) in the placebo group (P = 0.06). The aggravated rate was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the Hochu-ekki-to group (3%; 1 of 37) than in the placebo group (18%; 7 of 39). Only mild adverse events such as nausea and diarrhea were noted in both groups without statistical difference. This placebo-controlled study demonstrates that Hochu-ekki-to is a useful adjunct to conventional treatments for AD patients with Kikyo constitution. Use of Hochu-ekki-to significantly reduces the dose of topical steroids and/or tacrolimus used for AD treatment without aggravating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kobayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Shintani
- Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamatodani
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kusunoki
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Qi XF, Kim DH, Yoon YS, Li JH, Jin D, Deung YK, Lee KJ. Effects of Bambusae caulis in Liquamen on the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in hairless mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 123:195-200. [PMID: 19429362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bambusae caulis in Liquamen (BCL) is a nutritious liquid extracted from heat-treated fresh bamboo stems. It is an important traditional herbal medicine used to treat coughs and asthma in East Asia. In recent years, it has been studied for its anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic, and immune-regulating properties. AIM OF THE STUDY To examine whether BCL suppresses the development of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in hairless mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of BCL were analyzed by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin content, and erythema in the skin, leukocyte numbers and IgE levels in the serum, and mRNA expression of relevant cytokines in the spleen. RESULTS The transdermal administration of BCL to hairless mice inhibited the development of DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions by suppressing TEWL, melanin production and erythema of skin, the number of leukocytes and the level of IgE in serum, and the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-alpha in the spleen. However, BCL administration increased the expression of IFN-gamma in the spleen. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that BCL suppresses the development of DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions in hairless mice, suggesting that BCL may be a potential therapeutic agent for AD in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Feng Qi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon 220-701, Republic of Korea
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Kim DY, Jung JA, Kim TH, Seo SW, Jung SK, Park CS. Oral administration of Uncariae rhynchophylla inhibits the development of DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions via IFN-gamma down-regulation in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 122:567-572. [PMID: 19429328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Uncariae rhynchophylla (UR) is an herb which has blood pressure lowering and anti-inflammatory effects and has been prescribed traditionally to treat stroke and vascular dementia. AIM OF STUDY In the present study, we examined whether UR suppress Atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice treated with 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) under SPF conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The effect of UR in DNFB- treated NC/Nga mice was determined by measuring the skin symptom severity, levels of serum IgE, and of the amounts of IL-4 and IFN-gamma secreted by activated T cells in draining lymph nodes. RESULTS Oral administration of UR to DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice was found to inhibit ear thickness increases and the skin lesions induced by DNFB. IFN-gamma production by CD4+ T cells from the lymph nodes of DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice was significantly inhibited by UR treatment, although levels of IL-4 and total IgE in serum were not. CONCLUSION UR may suppress the development of AD-like dermatitis in DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice by reducing IFN-gamma production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology (BK21), College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Makino T, Hamanaka M, Yamashita H, Mizukami H. Effect of bakumijiogan, an herbal formula in traditional Chinese medicine, on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by mite antigen in NC/Jic mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 31:2108-13. [PMID: 18981582 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effectiveness of bakumijiogan (BJG), an herbal formula in traditional Chinese medicine used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD), using a NC/Jic mouse model of AD. AD symptoms were induced by repeated injections of Dermatophagoides farinae antigen (Df-antigen) into the ear auricle at 2- to 3-d intervals for 16 d. Ear thickness dramatically increased up to 16 d after the first injection of Df-antigen. Daily oral administration of BJG from 7 d before to 16 d after the first injection significantly reduced ear swelling. Serum concentrations of total immunoglobulin (Ig)E and Df-antigen-specific IgG1 were augmented when assayed 17 d after the first injection of Df-antigen, and these increases were slightly suppressed by BJG administration. Serum interferon (IFN)-gamma and lesional IFN-gamma mRNA levels were significantly higher, whereas lesional IL-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA levels were lower in BJG-treated mice than those in control mice. These results suggest that BJG suppressed AD-like symptoms by correcting the Th1/Th2 imbalance skewed toward Th2. Evaluation of herbal constituents in BJG revealed that the combination of two herbal ingredients, ophiopogon tuber and schisandra fruit, mainly contributed to the effects of BJG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
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Nakatsukasa H, Tago F, Okamoto T, Tsukimoto M, Kojima S. Therapeutic Effects of Gyokuheifusan on NC/Nga Mouse Model of Allergic Dermatitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.55.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nakatsukasa
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science (TUS)
| | - Fumitoshi Tago
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science (TUS)
| | | | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science (TUS)
| | - Shuji Kojima
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science (TUS)
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Pokharel YR, Lim SC, Kim SC, Heo TH, Choi HK, Kang KW. Sopungyangjae-tang inhibits development of dermatitis in nc/nga mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2008; 5:173-80. [PMID: 18604255 PMCID: PMC2396474 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sopungyangjae-Tang (SYT) is a traditional Korean decoction used for the treatment of dermatitis. The aim of this study was to confirm whether or not SYT has a preventive effect on the development of atopic dermatitis in dinitrochlorobenzene-applied Nc/Nga mice. SYT was administered orally to Nc/Nga mice, which led to the remarkable suppression of the development of dermatitis, as determined by a histological examination and the serum IgE levels. Moreover, SYT inhibited the production of thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and its mRNA expression in a keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, which had been stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) or activator protein-1 (AP-1) is one of the key steps in the signaling pathways mediating induction of TARC. In this study, SYT selectively suppressed NF-kappaB activation, which may be essential for TARC expression in TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma treated keratinocytes. The inhibitory effect of SYT on NF-kappaB activation and TARC production might be associated with the anti-dermatitic effects of SYT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuba Raj Pokharel
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Department of Prescription, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 706-060 and College of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lim
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Department of Prescription, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 706-060 and College of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Department of Prescription, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 706-060 and College of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Department of Prescription, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 706-060 and College of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hoo Kyun Choi
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Department of Prescription, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 706-060 and College of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Department of Prescription, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 706-060 and College of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Kim EC, Lee HS, Kim SK, Choi MS, Lee S, Han JB, An HJ, Um JY, Kim HM, Lee NY, Bae H, Min BI. The bark of Betula platyphylla var. japonica inhibits the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 116:270-278. [PMID: 18191513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2006] [Revised: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The bark of Betula platyphylla Sukat. var. japonica Hara (Asian White Birch, AWB) is one of the herbs used in Eastern countries for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). The present study was performed to examine if and how the bark of AWB inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice induced by repeated application of picryl chloride (PC). With this aim, we examined the skin symptom severity, itching behavior, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E level and mRNA expression of cytokines at iliac and cervical lymph nodes in the mice. Oral administration of AWB extracts (25, 100 and 250 mg/kg) to the PC-treated mice inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions as exemplified by a significant decrease in the total skin severity scores, itching behavior and a decrease in hypertrophy and infiltration of inflammatory cells into dermis. The serum IgE level was also significantly reduced by AWB extract. In the RT-PCR results, the expression of interleukin-4 mRNA was reduced by AWB extract, whereas the expression of interferon-gamma mRNA was not changed. These results suggest that AWB inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice through the suppression of the T-helper 2 cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Chul Kim
- Department of East-West Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Inagaki N. [Strategies for regulating allergic responses]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2008; 131:22-7. [PMID: 18187879 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.131.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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TAJIMA S, BANDO M, YAMASAWA H, OHNO S, MORIYAMA H, TERADA M, TAKADA T, SUZUKI E, GEJYO F, SUGIYAMA Y. Preventive effect of hochu-ekki-to, a Japanese herbal medicine, on bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice. Respirology 2007; 12:814-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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