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Vorloeper J, Coenen FA, Lang NA, Niederau C, Knaup I, Craveiro RB, Wolf M. Digital analyses of Bolton tooth size ratios and their association to gender, angle class, and other occlusal traits: a study using a partially automated digital 3D model analysis. Eur J Orthod 2024; 46:cjae046. [PMID: 39233488 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to verify Bolton's values for tooth size ratios and to evaluate possible relationships to different occlusal traits using precise digital measurement methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Including 1000 consecutively selected patients from three study centres a digital, partially automated model analysis was performed utilizing the software OnyxCeph. The measurements comprised tooth width for calculation of anterior (AR) and overall ratio (OR) as a percentage, arch width, length, perimeter, overjet, overbite, space analysis in millimetre and the assessment of the angle classification. RESULTS AR and OR were significantly increased compared to Bolton's ratios of 77.2% (AR) and 91.3% (OR). In the gender comparison, male patients showed larger tooth size ratios, especially in the OR. Patients with Angle Class II/1 and II/2 had smaller tooth size ratios than patients with Angle Class III and I. Thus, patients with Angle Class II/1 had the largest tooth diameters in all maxillary teeth and with Angle Class II/2 the smallest tooth sizes in the mandible. The largest tooth widths in the lower jaw were observed in the Angle Class III patient group. Furthermore, a negative correlation from AR/OR to overjet, overbite, and available space in lower jaw as well as a positive correlation to available space in upper jaw was detected. CONCLUSIONS There is a clear correlation between the tooth size ratios and the present dysgnathia as well as other orthodontically relevant occlusal traits. This prior knowledge about our patients is extremely important to create an individualized treatment plan and enable sufficient occlusion. To achieve a functionally good occlusion with correct overjet and overbite, it is essential that the maxillary and mandibular teeth are proportional in size. Any deviation from the ideal patient in terms of tooth size, number, shape, or arch must be considered in the pre-therapeutic treatment plan in combination with the existing dysgnathia in order to be able to achieve a stable anterior and posterior occlusion with appropriate adjustments to the therapy post-therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Vorloeper
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska A Coenen
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Norbert A Lang
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Niederau
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Isabel Knaup
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rogerio B Craveiro
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Hussein FA, Mohamed RE, El-Awady AA, Ali MM, Al-Khalifa HN, Abdallah KF, Abouelnour AM. Digital evaluation of Bolton's tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusions categories of Egyptian adolescent orthodontic population: A retrospective study. Int Orthod 2022; 20:100660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Karadede Ünal B, Dellaloğlu D. Digital analysis of tooth sizes among individuals with different malocclusions: A study using three-dimensional digital dental models. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211038186. [PMID: 34490798 PMCID: PMC10367186 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211038186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is aimed to examine the tooth sizes of digital models of patients with different malocclusions with the help of three-dimensional measurement software. METHODS Digital models of 252 patients aged between 13 and 25 years of age were included. According to the Angle classification, three different malocclusion groups were allocated such that there were 84 patients in each group, plaster models of patients scanned with the three-dimensional model browser 3Shape R700 3D Scanner (3Shape A/S Copenhagen, Denmark) and transferred to the digital format. 3Shape Ortho Analyzer (3Shape A/S Copenhagen, Denmark) software was used for making the necessary tooth size measurements. RESULTS When the measurements were evaluated, it was determined that significant changes occurred between tooth sizes of individuals with different malocclusions. Generally, higher values were observed in mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth dimensions of class II individuals compared to other groups. There was no difference between the groups in the anterior ratio values, but when the overall ratio values were evaluated among the groups, a statistically significant difference was determined. Class II malocclusion group was found to have a significantly lower overall ratio of occurrence. CONCLUSION Individuals with different malocclusions differ in tooth size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Karadede Ünal
- Faculty of Dentistry Department of
Orthodontics, İzmir Katip Çelebi
University, Turkey
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Hasanin M, ElNaghy R. Dental anomaly patterns in mixed dentition: Illustrating the role of interceptive orthodontics in the management of mandibular lateral incisor-canine transpositions and palatally displaced maxillary canines. Int Orthod 2021; 19:310-318. [PMID: 33967012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dental anomalies of size, number, and position have been suggested to have a genetic background and frequently complicate the orthodontic treatment. Early intervention is a paramount step in managing patients with dental anomaly patterns (DAPs) to decrease the complexity of the case during the later stages of comprehensive orthodontic care. This case report highlights the importance of the detailed diagnosis in a case with several dental anomalies (mandibular lateral incisor-canine transposition, palatally displaced canines, small-sized maxillary lateral incisors and congenitally missing second premolar), utilizing interceptive orthodontic management in the mixed dentition stage in order to minimize the complexity and complications of comprehensive orthodontic care in the permanent dentition stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd Hasanin
- University of Detroit Mercy, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rahma ElNaghy
- University of Detroit Mercy, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Detroit, MI, USA; Nahda University in Beni-Suef (NUB), Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Ozturk T, Yagci A. Association between incisor positions and amount of interdental stripping in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 159:e439-e448. [PMID: 33678467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study aimed to investigate the effect of a nonextraction treatment approach with interdental stripping (IDS) on the dentofacial structures in patients with dental and skeletal Class I, II, and III malocclusions. METHODS A total of 60 patients with mild-to-moderate crowding of the teeth and nonsevere skeletal malocclusion were included and divided into 3 groups: Class I, Class II, and Class III groups (n = 20 per group). In all patients, nonextraction orthodontic treatment was administered, and those who underwent IDS at the jaw quadrants as needed were evaluated. For pretreatment and posttreatment evaluation, lateral cephalometric radiography and 3-dimensional dental model scans were acquired for each patient. For statistical analysis, paired-samples t test and 1-way analysis of variance with Tukey post-hoc test were used for parametric variables, whereas the Wilcoxon paired signed rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn post-hoc test were used for nonparametric variables. RESULTS An increase in the maxillary incisor angle was observed in patients with Class I and Class III malocclusions, whereas a decrease was observed in patients with a Class II malocclusion (P < 0.05). Mandibular incisor angles were significantly increased in the Class II malocclusion group (P < 0.05) but unchanged in the other groups. IDS was more frequently applied to the posterior aspect of the maxilla and mandible in patients with a Class II malocclusion than in patients with other malocclusion types, and the amount of IDS at the anterior aspect of the mandible was significantly higher in the Class III group. CONCLUSIONS Combined nonextraction orthodontic treatment and IDS yielded successful treatment outcomes. IDS application was localized to different jaw regions according to the different malocclusion types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Ozturk
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Yagci
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Alshahrani AA, Alshahrani I, Addas MK, Shaik S, Binhomran FM, AlQahtani J. The Tooth Size Discrepancy among Orthodontic Patients and Normal Occlusion Individuals from Saudi Arabia: A Three-Dimensional Scan Analysis of Diagnostic Casts. Contemp Clin Dent 2020; 11:141-149. [PMID: 33110327 PMCID: PMC7583543 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_455_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose: Tooth size discrepancy is one of the causative factors of malocclusion. This study aimed to establish the TDS among various malocclusion classes and normal occlusion subjects in a Southern Saudi population. Materials and Methods: The study casts of orthodontic patients from Southern Saudi Arabia (mean age: 19.6 years ± 2.45; n = 120) were randomly selected and grouped into eight equal classes based on Angle's classification and gender. An additional 30 study casts, devoid of malocclusion, having excellent intercuspation and class I occlusion, were grouped into two controls (n = 15) based on gender. The study casts were three-dimensional scanned to measure mesiodistal widths of all the teeth. The calculated anterior ratios (AR) and overall ratio (OR) were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance and t-tests. Results: There were no significant differences in “OR” and “AR” between the genders (P > 0.05) and among the malocclusion and control subgroups (P > 0.05). The mean “OR” (92.01 ± 0.18) and “AR” (78.60 ± 0.27) of the malocclusion group were significantly higher than that of Bolton's ratios (P > 0.05). The “AR” of the control group was significantly higher than Bolton's standards (P = 0.048). However, “OR” was no different (P = 0.105). Malocclusion patients displayed a discrepancy (±2 standard deviation) in “AR” of 22.5% and 'OR' of 6.7% from Bolton's mean (BM). Similarly, the control group displayed a discrepancy in “AR” of 20% and “OR” of 10% from BM. Conclusion: The mean “OR” and “AR” of the Southern Saudi population showed no sexual dimorphism and no significant difference among various malocclusion and control subgroups. The “AR” of the malocclusion and control subgroups did not comply with Bolton's standards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Khaled Addas
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharaz Shaik
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jaber AlQahtani
- Consultant Restorative Dentist, M.O.H, Asir Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Al Ayoubi A, Dalla Torre D, Madléna M. Craniofacial characteristics of Syrian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9545. [PMID: 32742806 PMCID: PMC7368432 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malocclusion characteristics vary across different ethnic groups and populations. Limited data are available regarding the characteristics of Syrian adolescents with Class II division 1 (Class II-1) malocclusion, and the recent inflow of Syrian refugees and immigrants into Europe and many areas worldwide demonstrate the need for updated studies to discover the craniofacial characteristics of these new immigrants. Objectives The present compound cephalometric and tooth-size study sought to assess the dentofacial morphology, upper-airway dimensions, and tooth-size characteristics of Syrian adolescents with Class II-1 malocclusion and compare the results with established Syrian population norms. Materials and Methods The study sample consisted of 43 Syrian patients including 24 females and 19 males with Class II-1 malocclusion (age: 14.3 (±1.5) years, mean (±SD)). Cephalometric radiographs and orthodontic casts were analyzed using special orthodontic software (OnyxCeph3™) and a universal digital caliper, respectively. Statistics were calculated using the SPSS software. Results In Syrian adolescents with Class II-1 malocclusion, the position of the mandible relative to the nasion perpendicular (mean (95% confidence interval)) was −11.01 (−12.45, −9.57) mm. Facial axis angle showed a negative value: −6.25 (−7.65, −4.85) degrees. An obtuse nasolabial angle was observed: 104.05 (101.77, 106.33) degrees. The average width of the upper pharynx was 11.50 (10.53, 12.47) mm; however, there was no prevalence of an upper-pharyngeal width of 5 mm or less. The average value of the anterior tooth-size ratio was 80.69 (79.85, 81.53) percent. In total, 39.5% of the investigated subjects had anterior ratios outside two standard deviations from Bolton’s norm, while 25.6% of the investigated subjects had anterior ratios outside two standard deviations from Syrian population norm. Conclusions In this study, the inter-maxillary discrepancy of Class II-1 Syrian adolescents was a consequence of their hyperdivergent facial pattern. The observed small pharyngeal widths were not clinically significant, while the anterior tooth-size discrepancy might be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Al Ayoubi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Daniel Dalla Torre
- University Clinic of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Melinda Madléna
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Machado V, Botelho J, Mascarenhas P, Mendes JJ, Delgado A. A systematic review and meta-analysis on Bolton's ratios: Normal occlusion and malocclusion. J Orthod 2019; 47:7-29. [PMID: 31718451 DOI: 10.1177/1465312519886322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to seek and summarise the Bolton overall index (OI) and anterior index (AI) regarding normal occlusion and Angle's malocclusion according to gender, and to assess if these indices support Bolton's standards as general references. METHODS PubMed, LILACS, Embase, CENTRAL and Google Scholar databases were searched up to June 2019 (CRD42018088438). Non-randomised clinical studies, published in English and assessing Bolton's OI and/or AI in normal occlusion and Angle's malocclusion groups, were included. OI and AI means, sample size and SDs were collected. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the risk of bias. Pairwise random-effects and multilevel Bayesian network meta-analyses were used to synthesise available data. RESULTS Fifty-three observational studies were included (11,411 participants; 3746 men, 4430 women; 15 studies lacked gender information). For normal occlusion, pooled estimates for OI and AI means were 91.78% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 91.42-92.14; I2 = 92.87%) and 78.25% (95% CI = 77.87-78.62; I2 = 90.67%), respectively. We could identify in Angle's Class III patients meaningful OI and AI mean deviations from normal occlusion (0.76, 95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.55-0.98 and 0.61, 95% CrI = 0.35-0.87, respectively), while in Class II patients we found a meaningful mean deviation from normal occlusion only for OI (-0.28, 95% CrI = -0.52--0.05). Concerning gender impact, male patients presented higher OI (0.30, 95% CI = 0.00-0.59) and AI (0.41, 95% CI = 0.00-0.83) mean values than female patients in Class I. CONCLUSION Normal occlusion OI and AI mean values differ from Bolton's original values. Class II division 2, for OI mean values, and Class III, for both OI and AI, are proportionally larger than normal occlusion patients. Gender had almost no impact on teeth mesiodistal proportion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Orthodontics Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Delgado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Orthodontics Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, C.R.L., Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal
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Fallis DW. Assessing the accuracy of two posterior tooth-size discrepancy prediction methods based on virtual occlusal setups. Angle Orthod 2019; 90:239-246. [PMID: 31613145 DOI: 10.2319/053019-371.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess accuracy of the Bolton and Johnson/Bailey (JB) analyses in identifying clinically significant posterior tooth-size discrepancies using virtually constructed occlusal setups. MATERIALS AND METHODS Virtual models and cone-beam computed tomography data sets from 30 patients were utilized to construct 60 (two per patient) virtual posterior occlusal setups. Observed discrepancies in cusp-embrasure relationships were compared to estimated posterior interarch tooth-size discrepancies (ITSDs) calculated via Bolton and JB posterior analyses. Clinical significance for discrepancies was established at >1 mm from ideal cusp-embrasure relationships in accordance with current American Board of Orthodontics methodology. Data within groups were normally distributed, thus comparisons were completed via paired t-tests. Paired nominal data were analyzed utilizing McNemar's test, and simple linear regression was used to model the relationship of predicted to observed discrepancies. RESULTS McNemar's test revealed significant differences (P ≤ .05) between the Bolton and JB groups' frequencies in matching the virtual setups correctly. JB predictions matched 100% (right) and 97% (left) setups; whereas, Bolton predictions matched only 23% (right and left) setups. A positive correlation was observed between JB predictions and cusp-embrasure discrepancies, demonstrating that average posterior discrepancy values increased 0.28 mm for every 1 mm predicted via the JB analysis. CONCLUSIONS The JB analysis correctly characterized, but overestimated, the degree of posterior ITSDs corresponding to a clinically significant discrepancy in the virtual setups. Algebraically calculated posterior ITSDs based on the Overall and Anterior Bolton ratios were not accurate predictors of discrepancies observed in the virtual setups. Both Bolton and JB demonstrated weaknesses that limit precise identification of clinically significant ITSDs.
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Mollabashi V, Soltani MK, Moslemian N, Akhlaghian M, Akbarzadeh M, Samavat H, Abolvardi M. Comparison of Bolton ratio in normal occlusion and different malocclusion groups in Iranian population. Int Orthod 2019; 17:143-150. [PMID: 30770330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bolton ratio is used as a method for diagnosis of tooth size discrepancy. Tooth size discrepancy has an important role in the stability of results of final orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine and compare Bolton ratio in normal occlusion and different malocclusion groups of Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive-analytic study comprises 240 orthodontic patient casts (for every malocclusion group: class I, class II division 1, class II division 2, class III, 30 males and 30 females) which have fully erupted and complete permanent dentitions from first molar to first molar, and also 60 persons (30 male-30 female) with normal occlusion. The mesiodistal tooth sizes were measured using digital caliper two times with a 4-week interval. RESULTS The average mesiodistal size of all teeth in the malocclusion group was significantly bigger than in the normal occlusion group. Although there was no relationship between anterior ratio and gender or malocclusion groups, but a significant relationship between total ratio in Class II division 1 and normal occlusion was seen. Furthermore, a significant difference between anterior and total ratios in the present study and original Bolton's values was found. CONCLUSIONS In the normal occlusion group, the anterior and total ratios were bigger than those in Bolton's original study. Also, "class II division 1" showed the lowest values of Bolton ratio among the other normal occlusion and malocclusion groups. Therefore, the original Bolton's values should be used conservatively in Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Mollabashi
- Department of orthodontics, Dental research center, Hamadan university of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karim Soltani
- Department of orthodontics, Dental research center, Hamadan university of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Naeime Moslemian
- Dental research center, dentistry research institute, department of prosthodontics, school of dentistry, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Akhlaghian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Akbarzadeh
- Cellular and molecular research center, Research institute for Endocrine sciences, Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesamoddin Samavat
- Department of orthodontics, Dental research center, Hamadan university of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masoud Abolvardi
- Department of orthodontics, Dental research center, Hamadan university of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Cavalcante RC, Corso PFCDL, Trento GDS, Antonini F, Rebellato NLB, Costa DJD, Scariot R, Klüppel LE. Segmental orthognathic surgery for Bolton discrepancy correction. ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY CASES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.omsc.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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WITHDRAWN: Segmental orthognathic surgery for Bolton discrepancy correction. ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY CASES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.omsc.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Guo Y, Han X, Xu H, Ai D, Zeng H, Bai D. Morphological characteristics influencing the orthodontic extraction strategies for Angle's class II division 1 malocclusions. Prog Orthod 2014; 15:44. [PMID: 25033988 PMCID: PMC4884047 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-014-0044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extraction has now been accepted widely in various malocclusions including Angle's class II division 1. However, the levels of scientific evidence in orthodontic treatment planning have been weak, and it is unlikely to systematically provide a rationale and consistent basis in decisions of extraction. This study was retrospectively designed to investigate the initial morphologic characteristics of class II division 1 subjects involving four different extraction strategies, to determine the relevant influential factors when choosing extraction strategies with the most commonly used mechanics and the principle of simplicity in orthodontic treatment based on cases diagnosed and treated by an experienced orthodontist. METHODS One hundred and ten samples of Angle's class II division 1 malocclusion with good facial and occlusal outcomes after orthodontic treatment were selected and divided into four groups according to different extraction patterns. For each case, pretreatment models and the lateral radiographs were analyzed. Significant variables of models and craniofacial structures of each group were identified by comparing the measurements using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of P < 0.05. Then, binary logistic regression analysis was used and a regression equation was established to quantify the correlations among the significant variables and their contributions to the extraction decisions. RESULTS Molar relationship, lower anterior crowding, anterior Bolton index, and anterior overjet measured from models, as well as ANS-Xi-Pm, NBa-PtGn, Li-NsPog', U1-NPog and L1-NPog measured from lateral radiographs were found to be statistically significant. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that lower anterior crowding, molar relationship, and growth pattern were the three most relevant influential factors with a declining impact contributing to the extraction decisions for Angle's class II division 1 malocclusions. CONCLUSIONS Angle's class II division 1 malocclusions exhibit various morphological characteristics. Orthodontists should comprehensively consider the reciprocal impact of multiple factors when choosing different extraction strategies for Angle's class II division 1 malocclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Dongqing Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Huan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Ding Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
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Zerouaoui MF, Bahije L, Zaoui F, Regragui S. Étude des variations de l’indice de Bolton en fonction des malocclusions d’angle dans la population marocaine. Int Orthod 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zerouaoui MF, Bahije L, Zaoui F, Regragui S. Study of variations of the Bolton index in the Moroccan population depending on angle malocclusion class. Int Orthod 2014; 12:213-21. [PMID: 24835012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many difficulties may arise during the finishing phase of orthodontic treatment on account of discrepancy between mandibular and maxillary tooth size. In 1958, Bolton devised the index that bears his name and enables possible tooth-size discrepancy to be diagnosed. Use of this index in practice has shown that it can vary depending on the different angle malocclusion classes. The aim of this work is to study variations of the Bolton index as a function of the malocclusion class in the Moroccan population, and to compare the results obtained with those of other populations. Ninety models were therefore selected in different groups of dental Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions. The mesiodistal (MD) diameters of 12 maxillary and mandibular teeth were measured and the anterior and general Bolton indices were calculated. The results obtained show that there is no significant difference between the various groups of angle malocclusion classes, and that some other populations present results similar to those of the Moroccan sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fadel Zerouaoui
- Department of Dento-Facial Orthopaedics, Mohamed V-Soussi University, School of Dental Medicine Les Instituts, BP 6212, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Loubna Bahije
- Department of Dento-Facial Orthopaedics, Mohamed V-Soussi University, School of Dental Medicine Les Instituts, BP 6212, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zaoui
- Department of Dento-Facial Orthopaedics, Mohamed V-Soussi University, School of Dental Medicine Les Instituts, BP 6212, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Salwa Regragui
- Department of Dento-Facial Orthopaedics, Mohamed V-Soussi University, School of Dental Medicine Les Instituts, BP 6212, Rabat, Morocco
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Kansal A, Kittur N, Keluskar KM. Analysis of Bolton's ratio among different malocclusion groups: A hospital based study. Indian J Dent 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijd.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Manopatanakul S, Watanawirun N. Comprehensive intermaxillary tooth width proportion of Bangkok residents. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25:122-7. [PMID: 21537638 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242011000200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper occlusion depends on the correct width ratio between upper and lower teeth, known as Bolton's ratio. In fact, this ratio can be calculated for each pair of teeth from the central incisor to the first permanent molar. This set of ratios, known as comprehensive cumulative percentage ratios (CPRs), can be used not only to determine which tooth or teeth have a tooth width discrepancy, but can also enable the partial graphical analysis of tooth width discrepancy when there is agenesis of certain permanent teeth. Although CPRs have been calculated for Caucasians, tooth width is known to vary depending on racial origin. Therefore, a test of differences between racial groups should be carried out. If these ratios of the Caucasians and Bangkokians are significantly different, the ratio of the Bangkokians is recommended. The objective of this study was to measure tooth size disproportion for Thai patients and to calculate a corresponding set of CPRs. Thirty-seven pairs of dental models were made from a group of Bangkok residents with normal occlusion. Mesiodistal tooth width was measured for each model. The intra- and inter-examiner measurement errors were ascertained as insignificant (p > 0.05). CPRs were then calculated and compared to those derived from other studies. Ten of thirteen CPRs were significantly different from corresponding values derived from Caucasians. We conclude that tooth width ratios vary between different racial groups, and therefore that these should be calculated specifically for each patient racial group.
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