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Zhang P, Pronovost SM, Marchetti M, Zhang C, Kang X, Kandelouei T, Li C, Edgar BA. Inter-cell type interactions that control JNK signaling in the Drosophila intestine. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5493. [PMID: 38944657 PMCID: PMC11214625 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
JNK signaling is a critical regulator of inflammation and regeneration, but how it is controlled in specific tissue contexts remains unclear. Here we show that, in the Drosophila intestine, the TNF-type ligand, Eiger (Egr), is expressed exclusively by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and enteroblasts (EBs), where it is induced by stress and during aging. Egr preferentially activates JNK signaling in a paracrine fashion in differentiated enterocytes (ECs) via its receptor, Grindelwald (Grnd). N-glycosylation genes (Alg3, Alg9) restrain this activation, and stress-induced downregulation of Alg3 and Alg9 correlates with JNK activation, suggesting a regulatory switch. JNK activity in ECs induces expression of the intermembrane protease Rhomboid (Rho), driving secretion of EGFR ligands Keren (Krn) and Spitz (Spi), which in turn activate EGFR signaling in progenitor cells (ISCs and EBs) to stimulate their growth and division, as well as to produce more Egr. This study uncovers an N-glycosylation-controlled, paracrine JNK-EGFR-JNK feedforward loop that sustains ISC proliferation during stress-induced gut regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Stephen M Pronovost
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Marco Marchetti
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Chenge Zhang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Kang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Tahmineh Kandelouei
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Christopher Li
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Bruce A Edgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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Sampilo NF, Song JL. microRNA-1 regulates sea urchin skeletogenesis by directly targeting skeletogenic genes and modulating components of signaling pathways. Dev Biol 2024; 508:123-137. [PMID: 38290645 PMCID: PMC10985635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs are evolutionarily conserved non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional regulation of target transcripts. In vertebrates, microRNA-1 (miR-1) is expressed in muscle and has been found to play critical regulatory roles in vertebrate angiogenesis, a process that has been proposed to be analogous to sea urchin skeletogenesis. Results indicate that both miR-1 inhibitor and miR-1 mimic-injected larvae have significantly less F-actin enriched circumpharyngeal muscle fibers and fewer gut contractions. In addition, miR-1 regulates the positioning of skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) and skeletogenesis of the sea urchin embryo. Interestingly, the gain-of-function of miR-1 leads to more severe PMC patterning and skeletal branching defects than its loss-of-function. The results suggest that miR-1 directly suppresses Ets1/2, Tbr, and VegfR7 of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network, and Nodal, and Wnt1 signaling components. This study identifies potential targets of miR-1 that impacts skeletogenesis and muscle formation and contributes to a deeper understanding of miR-1's function during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Faye Sampilo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Jia L Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Phipps DN, Powell AM, Ables ET. Utilizing the FLP-Out System for Clonal RNAi Analysis in the Adult Drosophila Ovary. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2626:69-87. [PMID: 36715900 PMCID: PMC10044525 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2970-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The ability to conduct spatially controlled RNA interference (RNAi) for gene knockdown using the UAS/Gal4 system is among the most appealing techniques available for analysis of gene function in the Drosophila ovary. While gene knockdown experiments in somatic cells in the developing organism (i.e., embryos and larvae) are effectively and commonly performed, the use of RNAi in adult ovarian cells can be hampered by the unintended deleterious effects of Gal4 expression in "off-target" developing tissues. Mosaic analysis overcomes these problems by imparting temporal and spatial control over gene manipulation, providing a useful tool to compare manipulated cells with wild-type cells in the same tissue. Here, we provide a method to utilize the UAS/Gal4 system in combination with the Flippase (FLP)-Flippase Recognition Target (FRT) system to generate positively labeled "FLP-Out" clones expressing a chosen RNAi in both the germline and the soma in the Drosophila ovary. This protocol outlines each step of the generation of clones and the selection of appropriate fly stocks and reagents, providing a guide to this powerful tool in the Drosophila genetic toolbox. These techniques allow for RNAi analysis within a specific cell type, providing an opportunity to study a variety of unique aspects of cell function that would not be possible in more traditional RNAi-based experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Phipps
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Amanda M Powell
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Ables
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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Yang S, Zhang X, Li X, Yin X, Teng L, Ji G, Li H. Evolutionary and Expression Analysis of MOV10 and MOV10L1 Reveals Their Origin, Duplication and Divergence. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147523. [PMID: 35886872 PMCID: PMC9319325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
MOV10 and MOV10L1 both encode ATP-dependent RNA helicases. In mammals, MOV10 and MOV10L1 participate in various kinds of biological contexts, such as defense of RNA virus invasion, neuron system, germ cell and early development. However, mov10 and mov10l1 in zebrafish are obscure and the evolutionary relationships of mov10 among different species remain unclear. In this study, we found MOV10 and MOV10L1 had some variations despite they possessed the conserved feature of RNA helicase, however, they may originate from a single ancestor although they shared limited homology. A single MOV10L1 gene existed among all species, while MOV10 gene experienced lineage-specific intra-chromosomal gene duplication in several species. Interestingly, the mov10 gene expanded to three in zebrafish, which originating from a duplication by whole genome specific duplication of teleost lineage followed by a specific intra-chromosome tandem duplication. The mov10 and mov10l1 showed distinct expression profiles in early stages, however, in adult zebrafish, three mov10 genes exhibited similar diverse expression patterns in almost all tissues. We also demonstrated mov10 genes were upregulated upon virus challenge, highlighting they had redundant conserved roles in virus infection. These results provide valuable data for the evolution of MOV10 and MOV10L1 and they are important to the further functional exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqi Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xianpeng Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiu Yin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Lei Teng
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Guangdong Ji
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence: (G.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-82032092 (H.L.)
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266003, China
- Correspondence: (G.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-82032092 (H.L.)
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Nath A, Chakrabarti P, Sen S, Barui A. Reactive Oxygen Species in Modulating Intestinal Stem Cell Dynamics and Function. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2328-2350. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Takemura M, Lu YS, Nakato E, Nakato H. Endogenous epitope tagging of a JAK/STAT ligand Unpaired1 in Drosophila. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2021; 2021. [PMID: 34651105 PMCID: PMC8506834 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Unpaired1 (Upd1) is a ligand of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in Drosophila. In this study, using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, we generate a transgenic fly strain in which a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag sequence is inserted into the endogenous locus of the upd1 gene. Anti-HA antibody staining confirms that the distribution of the epitope-tagged Upd1::HA in various tissues is consistent with upd1 expression patterns revealed by previous studies. This transgenic fly strain will be useful in studying the expression, localization, and association partners of Upd1, and thus will contribute to understanding how activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Takemura
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis USA
| | - Yi-Si Lu
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis USA
| | - Eriko Nakato
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakato
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis USA
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