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Andreoli MF, Gentreau M, Rukh G, Perello M, Schiöth HB. Genetic variants of LEAP2 are associated with anthropometric traits and circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration: A UK Biobank study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3565-3575. [PMID: 38888057 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) genetic variants might influence the susceptibility to human obesity. METHODS Using data from the UK Biobank, we identified independent LEAP2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and examined their associations with obesity traits and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration. These associations were evaluated for both individual SNPs and after combining them into a genetic risk score (GRSLEAP2) using linear and logistic regression models. Sex-stratified analyses were also conducted. RESULTS Five SNPs showed positive associations with obesity-related traits. rs57880964 was associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), in the total population and among women. Four independent SNPs were positively associated with higher serum IGF-1 concentrations in both men and women. GRSLEAP2 was associated with BMI and WHRadjBMI only in women and with serum IGF-1 concentration in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal sex-specific associations between key LEAP2 gene variants and several obesity traits, while also indicating a strong independent association of LEAP2 variants with serum IGF-1 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Andreoli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP). HIAEP Sor María Ludovica de La Plata, Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mélissa Gentreau
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gull Rukh
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mario Perello
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Grupo de Neurofisiología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE). Universidad Nacional La Plata (UNLP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y CIC-PBA, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Ciulei G, Orășan OH, Cozma A, Negrean V, Alexescu TG, Țărmure S, Casoinic FE, Lucaciu RL, Hangan AC, Procopciuc LM. Exploring Vitamin D Deficiency and IGF Axis Dynamics in Colorectal Adenomas. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1922. [PMID: 39200386 PMCID: PMC11351595 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death, with colorectal adenomas (CRAs) serving as precursors. Identifying risk factors such as vitamin D deficiency and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is crucial for prevention. (2) This case-control study included 85 participants (53 CRA patients and 32 controls) who underwent colonoscopy. We measured serum vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), calcidiol (vitamin D metabolite), calcitriol (active vitamin D metabolite), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to explore their associations with CRA risk. (3) Results: We found that lower cholecalciferol levels were a significant risk factor for CRA (OR = 4.63, p = 0.004). Although no significant differences in calcidiol and calcitriol levels were observed between CRA patients and controls, calcidiol deficiency was common in the study population. IGF-1 levels inversely correlated with age, calcitriol, and IGFBP-3 in CRA patients. (4) This study highlights the potential of lower cholecalciferol levels to detect patients at risk of CRA when calcidiol values cannot, suggesting the importance of evaluating different vitamin D metabolites in cancer prevention research. Our findings underscore the need to further investigate the interactions between calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, and the IGF axis in colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Ciulei
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Olga Hilda Orășan
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Angela Cozma
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Vasile Negrean
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Teodora Gabriela Alexescu
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Simina Țărmure
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Florin Eugen Casoinic
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.C.); (A.C.); (V.N.); (T.G.A.); (S.Ț.); (F.E.C.)
| | - Roxana Liana Lucaciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Corina Hangan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Lucia Maria Procopciuc
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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3
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Olwi DI, Kaisinger LR, Kentistou KA, Vaudel M, Stankovic S, Njølstad PR, Johansson S, Perry JRB, Day FR, Ong KK. Likely causal effects of insulin resistance and IGF-1 bioaction on childhood and adult adiposity: a Mendelian randomization study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01605-4. [PMID: 39174749 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations are positively correlated with adiposity. However, the causal effects of insulin and IGF-1 on adiposity are unclear. METHODS We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the likely causal effects of fasting insulin and IGF-1 on relative childhood adiposity and adult body mass index (BMI). To improve accuracy and biological interpretation, we applied Steiger filtering (to avoid reverse causality) and 'biological effect' filtering of fasting insulin and IGF-1 associated variants. RESULTS Fasting insulin-increasing alleles (35 variants also associated with higher fasting glucose, indicative of insulin resistance) were associated with lower relative childhood adiposity (P = 3.8 × 10-3) and lower adult BMI (P = 1.4 × 10-5). IGF-1-increasing alleles also associated with taller childhood height (351 variants indicative of greater IGF-1 bioaction) showed no association with relative childhood adiposity (P = 0.077) or adult BMI (P = 0.562). Conversely, IGF-1-increasing alleles also associated with shorter childhood height (306 variants indicative of IGF-1 resistance) were associated with lower relative childhood adiposity (P = 6.7 × 10-3), but effects on adult BMI were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS Genetic causal modelling indicates negative effects of insulin resistance on childhood and adult adiposity, and negative effects of IGF-1 resistance on childhood adiposity. Our findings demonstrate the need to distinguish between bioaction and resistance when modelling variants associated with biomarker concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa I Olwi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lena R Kaisinger
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Marc Vaudel
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NO-0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stasa Stankovic
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Haukeland University Hospital, NO-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, NO-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Huang R, Shi J, Wei R, Li J. Challenges of insulin-like growth factor-1 testing. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:388-403. [PMID: 38323343 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2306804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), primarily synthesized in the liver, was initially discovered due to its capacity to replicate the metabolic effects of insulin. Subsequently, it emerged as a key regulator of the actions of growth hormone (GH), managing critical processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Notably, IGF-1 displays a longer half-life compared to GH, making it less susceptible to factors that may affect GH concentrations. Consequently, the measurement of IGF-1 proves to be more specific and sensitive when diagnosing conditions such as acromegaly or GH deficiency. The recognition of the existence of IGFBPs and their potential to interfere with IGF-1 immunoassays urged the implementation of various techniques to moderate this issue and provide accurate IGF-1 results. Additionally, in response to the limitations associated with IGF-1 immunoassays and the occurrence of discordant IGF-1 results, modern mass spectrometric methods were developed to facilitate the quantification of IGF-1 levels. Taking advantage of their ability to minimize the interference caused by IGF-1 variants, mass spectrometric methods offer the capacity to deliver robust, reliable, and accurate IGF-1 results, relying on the precision of mass measurements. This also enables the potential detection of pathogenic mutations through protein sequence analysis. However, despite the analytical challenges, the discordance in IGF-1 reference intervals can be attributed to a multitude of factors, potentially leading to distinct interpretations of results. The establishment of reference intervals for each assay is a demanding task, and it requires nationwide multicenter collaboration among laboratorians, clinicians, and assay manufacturers to achieve this common goal in a cost-effective and resource-efficient manner. In this comprehensive review, we examine the challenges associated with the standardization of IGF-1 measurement methods, the minimization of pre-analytical factors, and the harmonization of reference intervals. Particular emphasis will be placed on the development of IGF-1 measurement techniques using "top-down" or "bottom-up" mass spectrometric methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Harris Health System Ben Taub Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junyan Shi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ruhan Wei
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jieli Li
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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5
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Bouras E, Gill D, Zuber V, Murphy N, Dimou N, Aleksandrova K, Lewis SJ, Martin RM, Yarmolinsky J, Albanes D, Brenner H, Castellví-Bel S, Chan AT, Cheng I, Gruber S, Van Guelpen B, Li CI, Le Marchand L, Newcomb PA, Ogino S, Pellatt A, Schmit SL, Wolk A, Wu AH, Peters U, Gunter MJ, Tsilidis KK. Identification of potential mediators of the relationship between body mass index and colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyae067. [PMID: 38725300 PMCID: PMC11082423 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-most-common cancer worldwide and its rates are increasing. Elevated body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for CRC, although the molecular mechanisms behind this association remain unclear. Using the Mendelian randomization (MR) framework, we aimed to investigate the mediating effects of putative biomarkers and other CRC risk factors in the association between BMI and CRC. METHODS We selected as mediators biomarkers of established cancer-related mechanisms and other CRC risk factors for which a plausible association with obesity exists, such as inflammatory biomarkers, glucose homeostasis traits, lipids, adipokines, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), sex hormones, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, smoking, physical activity (PA) and alcohol consumption. We used inverse-variance weighted MR in the main univariable analyses and performed sensitivity analyses (weighted-median, MR-Egger, Contamination Mixture). We used multivariable MR for the mediation analyses. RESULTS Genetically predicted BMI was positively associated with CRC risk [odds ratio per SD (5 kg/m2) = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08-1.24, P-value = 1.4 × 10-5] and robustly associated with nearly all potential mediators. Genetically predicted IGF1, fasting insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, PA and alcohol were associated with CRC risk. Evidence for attenuation was found for IGF1 [explained 7% (95% CI: 2-13%) of the association], smoking (31%, 4-57%) and PA (7%, 2-11%). There was little evidence for pleiotropy, although smoking was bidirectionally associated with BMI and instruments were weak for PA. CONCLUSIONS The effect of BMI on CRC risk is possibly partly mediated through plasma IGF1, whereas the attenuation of the BMI-CRC association by smoking and PA may reflect confounding and shared underlying mechanisms rather than mediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dipender Gill
- Chief Scientific Advisor Office, Research and Early Development, Novo Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Verena Zuber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Niki Dimou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Department Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol
| | - James Yarmolinsky
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Gruber
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Center for Precision Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christopher I Li
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Pellatt
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Population and Cancer Prevention Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna H Wu
- University of Southern California, Preventative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, London, UK
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, London, UK
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Gulej R, Csik B, Faakye J, Tarantini S, Shanmugarama S, Chandragiri SS, Mukli P, Conley S, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Yabluchanskiy A, Nyúl-Tóth Á. Endothelial deficiency of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor leads to blood-brain barrier disruption and accelerated endothelial senescence in mice, mimicking aspects of the brain aging phenotype. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12840. [PMID: 38082450 PMCID: PMC10922445 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Age-related blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, cerebromicrovascular senescence, and microvascular rarefaction substantially contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies established a causal link between age-related decline in circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), cerebromicrovascular dysfunction, and cognitive decline. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of IGF-1 signaling on senescence, BBB permeability, and vascular density in middle-age and old brains. METHODS Accelerated endothelial senescence was assessed in senescence reporter mice (VE-Cadherin-CreERT2 /Igf1rfl/fl × p16-3MR) using flow cytometry. To determine the functional consequences of impaired IGF-1 input to cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells, BBB integrity and capillary density were studied in mice with endothelium-specific knockout of IGF1R (VE-Cadherin-CreERT2 /Igf1rfl/fl ) using intravital two-photon microscopy. RESULTS In VE-Cadherin-CreERT2 /Igf1rfl/fl mice: (1) there was an increased presence of senescent endothelial cells; (2) cumulative permeability of the microvessels to fluorescent tracers of different molecular weights (0.3-40 kDa) is significantly increased, as compared to that of control mice, whereas decline in cortical capillary density does not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the notion that IGF-1 signaling plays a crucial role in preserving a youthful cerebromicrovascular endothelial phenotype and maintaining the integrity of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Boglarka Csik
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janet Faakye
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Santny Shanmugarama
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Siva Sai Chandragiri
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shannon Conley
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Zhang Y, Chen GC, Sotres-Alvarez D, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Pirzada A, Gallo LC, Llabre MM, Cai J, Xue X, Isasi CR, Kaplan R, Qi Q. General or Central Obesity and Mortality Among US Hispanic and Latino Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2351070. [PMID: 38227314 PMCID: PMC10792478 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.51070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The Hispanic and Latino population is the second largest ethnic group in the US, but associations of obesity parameters with mortality in this population remain unclear. Objective To investigate the associations of general and central obesity with mortality among US Hispanic and Latino adults. Design, Setting, and Participants The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is an ongoing, multicenter, population-based cohort study with a multistage probability sampling method performed in Hispanic and Latino adults aged 18 to 74 years with a baseline between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2011. Active follow-up for this analyses extended from baseline through February 17, 2022. All analyses accounted for complex survey design (ie, stratification and clustering) and sampling weights to generate estimates representing the noninstitutionalized, 18- to 74-year-old Hispanic or Latino populations from selected communities. Exposures Body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Main Outcome and Measure Deaths were ascertained via death certificates, the National Death Index, and active follow-up. Results Of 15 773 adults (mean [SE] age, 40.9 [0.3] years; 52.8% female), 686 deaths occurred during a median (IQR) follow-up of 10.0 (9.9-10.2) years. When adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and family history covariates, hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality were 1.55 (95% CI, 1.08-2.22) for a BMI of 35.0 or greater vs 18.5 to 24.9, 1.22 (95% CI, 0.92-1.64) for the highest vs lowest body fat percentage groups (defined according to sex-, age-, and Hispanic or Latino background-specific BMI distribution), 1.35 (95% CI, 0.98-1.85) for WC greater than 102 cm (men) or 88 cm (women) vs 94 cm (men) or 80 cm (women) or less, and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.28-2.86) for WHR of 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) or greater vs less than 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women). Only WHR was associated with mortality with additional adjustment for major comorbidities (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.17-2.62). The association of WHR with mortality was stronger among women compared with men (P = .03 for interaction), and the association between BMI and mortality was stronger among men (P = .02 for interaction). The positive association between severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35.0) and mortality was observed only among adults with WHR of 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) or greater but not among those with WHR below 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) (P = .005 for interaction) who had greater hip circumference. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort of US Hispanic and Latino adults, WHR was independently associated with higher all-cause mortality regardless of BMI and prevalent comorbidities. These findings suggest that prioritizing clinical screening and intervention for WHR in this population may be an important public health strategy, with sex-specific strategies potentially being needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
| | | | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois, Chicago
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Maria M. Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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8
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Costa Pereira JPD, da Silva Diniz A, Pinho Ramiro CPS, Cabral PC. Abdominal obesity and hydration status as protective factors against mortality in older adults: A prospective study. Nutrition 2023; 116:112155. [PMID: 37542934 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the association between different anthropometric and body composition techniques for defining obesity status and to investigate their clinical implications in older hospitalized patients, both during their hospitalization and after discharge. METHODS This prospective study included patients ≥60 y of age. They were followed for 18 mo to assess mortality and hospital length of stay. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were evaluated, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, body fat percentage, total body water percentage, and muscle mass. These measurements are associated with prognosis and survival. RESULTS A higher BMI, excessive body fat, higher total body water percentage, and abdominal obesity were associated with a lower risk for death (P < 0.05). Higher hydration levels were identified as an independent protective factor against mortality. Obesity, defined by body fat percentage, was associated with a shorter hospital stay (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The present study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the existence of the obesity paradox in hospitalized older patients. Additionally, our novel finding reveals that higher levels of total body water percentage are associated with decreased odds of mortality. The study emphasizes the importance of considering other anthropometric measurements and body composition in addition to BMI, considering its limitations. These findings have important implications for health care providers when recommending changes in nutritional status for the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Poliana Coelho Cabral
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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9
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Wang W, Sun Y, Mo DG, Li T, Yao HC. Circulating IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 may be biomarkers for risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1740-1747. [PMID: 37414657 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The involvement of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is rarely studied in clinical practice. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the relationship between IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 concentrations at admission and risk stratification based on the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score in patients with ACS. METHODS AND RESULTS In all, 304 patients diagnosed with ACS were included in this study. Plasma IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. The TIMI risk score was calculated and the study population was stratified into high (n = 65), medium (n = 138), and low (n = 101) risk groups. Levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 were analyzed for their predictive ability of risk stratification based on the TIMI risk scores. Correlation analysis showed that IGF-1 levels were negatively correlated with TIMI risk levels (r = -0.144, p = 0.012), while IGFBP-2 levels were significantly and positively correlated with TIMI risk levels (r = 0.309, p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, IGF-1 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.995; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.990-1.000; p = 0.043) and IGFBP-2 (OR: 1.002; 95%CI: 1.001-1.003; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of high TIMI risk levels. In receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve values for IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 in the prediction of high TIMI risk levels were 0.605 and 0.723, respectively. CONCLUSIONS IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 levels are excellent biomarkers for risk stratification in patients with ACS, which provides further guidance for clinicians to identify patients at high risk and to lower their risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, PR China
| | - De-Gang Mo
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, PR China
| | - Tai Li
- Department of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, PR China.
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10
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Horwitz A, Birk R. Adipose Tissue Hyperplasia and Hypertrophy in Common and Syndromic Obesity-The Case of BBS Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:3445. [PMID: 37571382 PMCID: PMC10421039 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic state generated by the expansion of adipose tissue. Adipose tissue expansion depends on the interplay between hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and is mainly regulated by a complex interaction between genetics and excess energy intake. However, the genetic regulation of adipose tissue expansion is yet to be fully understood. Obesity can be divided into common multifactorial/polygenic obesity and monogenic obesity, non-syndromic and syndromic. Several genes related to obesity were found through studies of monogenic non-syndromic obesity models. However, syndromic obesity, characterized by additional features other than obesity, suggesting a more global role of the mutant genes related to the syndrome and, thus, an additional peripheral influence on the development of obesity, were hardly studied to date in this regard. This review summarizes present knowledge regarding the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes in common obesity. Additionally, we highlight the scarce research on syndromic obesity as a model for studying adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy, focusing on Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). BBS obesity involves central and peripheral mechanisms, with molecular and mechanistic alternation in adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Thus, we argue that using syndromic obesity models, such as BBS, can further advance our knowledge regarding peripheral adipocyte regulation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Birk
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
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11
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De Santi M, Annibalini G, Marano G, Biganzoli G, Venturelli E, Pellegrini M, Lucertini F, Brandi G, Biganzoli E, Barbieri E, Villarini A. Association between metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and IGF-1 in breast cancer survivors of DIANA-5 study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04755-6. [PMID: 37106164 PMCID: PMC10374719 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is positively associated with the risk of BC recurrence, and is more frequently dysregulated in older people, especially in those with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity. This study aimed to analyze the association between IGF-1 levels and indices of MetS and insulin resistance in BC survivors. METHODS Baseline data of 563 BC survivors enrolled in the DIet and ANdrogen-5 (DIANA-5; NCT05019989) study were analyzed. RESULTS Lower circulating IGF-1 levels in subjects with MetS than in those without MetS were found. After stratification of the patients according to the diagnosis of MetS, we highlighted that the insulin was the main predictor of elevated IGF-1 levels only in subjects without MetS. Moreover, we found an interaction between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glycemia, and IGF-1 levels, showing a positive correlation between HDL-C and IGF-1, especially in subjects with higher values of glycemia and without a diagnosis of MetS. CONCLUSIONS While IGF-1 levels appear to be much more impaired in subjects diagnosed with MetS, in non-MetS subjects, IGF-1 levels may respond better to metabolic parameters and lifestyle changes. Further studies are needed to analyze the role of physical activity and/or dietary intervention in modulating IGF-1 concentrations in BC survivors. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS These results could have important clinical implications for planning customized strategies aimed at modulating IGF-1 levels in BC survivors. In fact, while the IGF-1 system seems to be much more compromised in subjects with a diagnosis of MetS, in noMetS subjects, IGF-1 levels could better respond to lifestyle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro De Santi
- Unit of Hygiene, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giosuè Annibalini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health and DSRC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Biganzoli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health and DSRC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Venturelli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Pellegrini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Lucertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Brandi
- Unit of Hygiene, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Elia Biganzoli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health and DSRC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Anna Villarini
- Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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12
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Nutrition Strategies Promoting Healthy Aging: From Improvement of Cardiovascular and Brain Health to Prevention of Age-Associated Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010047. [PMID: 36615705 PMCID: PMC9824801 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies suggest that diet plays an important role in regulating aging processes and modulates the development of the most important age-related diseases. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the relationship between nutrition and critical age-associated diseases. METHODS A literature review was conducted to survey recent pre-clinical and clinical findings related to the role of nutritional factors in modulation of fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and their role in prevention of the genesis of the diseases of aging. RESULTS Studies show that the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive impairment and dementia can be slowed down or prevented by certain diets with anti-aging action. The protective effects of diets, at least in part, may be mediated by their beneficial macro- (protein, fat, carbohydrate) and micronutrient (vitamins, minerals) composition. CONCLUSIONS Certain diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, may play a significant role in healthy aging by preventing the onset of certain diseases and by improving the aging process itself. This latter can be strengthened by incorporating fasting elements into the diet. As dietary recommendations change with age, this should be taken into consideration as well, when developing a diet tailored to the needs of elderly individuals. Future and ongoing clinical studies on complex anti-aging dietary interventions translating the results of preclinical investigations are expected to lead to novel nutritional guidelines for older adults in the near future.
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13
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Toth L, Czigler A, Hegedus E, Komaromy H, Amrein K, Czeiter E, Yabluchanskiy A, Koller A, Orsi G, Perlaki G, Schwarcz A, Buki A, Ungvari Z, Toth PJ. Age-related decline in circulating IGF-1 associates with impaired neurovascular coupling responses in older adults. GeroScience 2022; 44:2771-2783. [PMID: 35869380 PMCID: PMC9768079 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairment of moment-to-moment adjustment of cerebral blood flow (CBF) to the increased oxygen and energy requirements of active brain regions via neurovascular coupling (NVC) contributes to the genesis of age-related cognitive impairment. Aging is associated with marked deficiency in the vasoprotective hormone insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Preclinical studies on animal models of aging suggest that circulating IGF-1 deficiency is causally linked to impairment of NVC responses. The present study was designed to test the hypotheses that decreases in circulating IGF-1 levels in older adults also predict the magnitude of age-related decline of NVC responses. In a single-center cross-sectional study, we enrolled healthy young (n = 31, 11 female, 20 male, mean age: 28.4 + / - 4.2 years) and aged volunteers (n = 32, 18 female, 14 male, mean age: 67.9 + / - 4.1 years). Serum IGF-1 level, basal CBF (phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)), and NVC responses during the trail making task (with transcranial Doppler sonography) were assessed. We found that circulating IGF-1 levels were significantly decreased with age and associated with decreased basal CBF. Age-related decline in IGF-1 levels predicted the magnitude of age-related decline in NVC responses. In conclusion, our study provides additional evidence in support of the concept that age-related circulating IGF-1 deficiency contributes to neurovascular aging, impairing CBF and functional hyperemia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Toth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Andras Czigler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Emoke Hegedus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Komaromy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Amrein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Endre Czeiter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Akos Koller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Orsi
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network (ELKH), Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gabor Perlaki
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network (ELKH), Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Attila Schwarcz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Andras Buki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter J Toth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Insulin-like growth factor-1 levels are associated with high comorbidity of metabolic disorders in obese subjects; a Japanese single-center, retrospective-study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20130. [PMID: 36418379 PMCID: PMC9684525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays important roles in metabolic functions, especially in adulthood. Additionally, obese subjects are reportedly predisposed to having low absolute IGF-1 levels. However, the prevalence and clinical characteristics of obese subjects with low IGF-1 levels are unknown. We examined 64 obese subjects with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2, with no history of endocrinological disorders, receiving inpatient care. IGF-1 levels were interpreted based on the IGF-1 standard deviation score (SDS) clinically used and standardized by age and sex (low IGF-1 group; ≤ - 2.0 SDS and standard IGF-1 group; - 2.0 < and < + 2.0 SDS). Notably, 26.6% of the subjects had low IGF-1. Body fat mass and percentage, but not BMI, were significantly higher in the low than in the standard IGF-1 group. Furthermore, natural log-transformed high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and the frequencies of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia were higher in the low IGF-1 group. Moreover, among the subjects without diabetes, fasting glucose levels were significantly higher in the low IGF-1 group. Stepwise variable selection procedure revealed body fat percentage to be a parameter most strongly associated with low IGF-1. Thus, low IGF-1 levels may be an important marker of adiposity-associated metabolic disorders in obese patients.
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15
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Shen Q, Wang X, Bai H, Tan X, Liu X. Effects of high-dose all-trans retinoic acid on longitudinal bone growth of young rats. Growth Horm IGF Res 2022; 62:101446. [PMID: 35149382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2022.101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The signaling axis consisting of GH-IGF1-IGFBP3 is the primary signal taht acts prepubertally to influence height development. Growth plate thinning and even premature closure have been reported in children with tumors treated with retinoid chemotherapy, resulting in long bone dysplasia. Growth failure may occur despite received GH treatment, but the reason is unknown. This study investigate the effect of high-dose all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the development of long bones in growing SD rats. METHODS A total of 20 three-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group (n = 10). Rats were treated by gavage with or without high-dose ATRA for 10 days. The body weights of the rats were recorded daily. At the end of the experiment, we measured the length of nose-tail and tibia, stained the tibia and liver for pathological tissue and RT-PCR reaction, and measured the levels of serum GH, IGF1 and IGFBP3, and so on. RESULTS Compared with controls, experimental rats exhibited reduced body weight and shortened nasal-tail and radial tibial length. Cyp26b1 enzyme activity in the liver was elevated, and histopathological staining revealed that the cartilaginous epiphyseal plate was narrowed, the medullary cavity of trabecular bone was sparse, the number of trabecular bones was decreased, trabecular separation was increased, bone marrow mineralization was enhanced, osteoclastic activity was increased, and circulating GH-IGF1-IGFBP3 levels were decreased. However, RT-PCR reaction results of localized proximal tibiae showed upregulation of IGF1 and downregulation of IGFBP3. CONCLUSIONS High-dose ATRA intake over a short period of time can reduce GH-IGF1-IGFBP3 levels, affect cartilage and bone homeostasis, and inhibit bone growth in developing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shen
- Department of Orthopedic of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Orthopedic of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Haodi Bai
- Department of Orthopedic of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Orthopedic of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Orthopedic of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
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16
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Zhang WB, Ye K, Barzilai N, Milman S. The antagonistic pleiotropy of insulin-like growth factor 1. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13443. [PMID: 34363732 PMCID: PMC8441393 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
While insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a well-established modulator of aging and longevity in model organisms, its role in humans has been controversial. In this study, we used the UK Biobank (n = 440,185) to resolve previous ambiguities in the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and clinical disease. We examined prospective associations of serum IGF-1 with mortality, dementia, vascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and cancer, finding two generalized patterns: First, IGF-1 interacts with age to modify risk in a manner consistent with antagonistic pleiotropy; younger individuals with high IGF-1 are protected from disease, while older individuals with high IGF-1 are at increased risk for incident disease or death. Second, the association between IGF-1 and risk is generally U-shaped, indicating that both high and low levels of IGF-1 may be detrimental. With the exception of a more uniformly positive relationship between IGF-1 and cancer, these effects were remarkably consistent across a wide range of conditions, providing evidence for a unifying pathway that determines risk for most age-associated diseases. These data suggest that IGF-1 signaling could be harmful in older adults, who may actually benefit from the attenuation of biological growth pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kenny Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sofiya Milman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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17
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Tarantini S, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Yabluchanskiy A, Csipo T, Mukli P, Balasubramanian P, Ungvari A, Toth P, Benyo Z, Sonntag WE, Ungvari Z, Csiszar A. Endothelial deficiency of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) impairs neurovascular coupling responses in mice, mimicking aspects of the brain aging phenotype. GeroScience 2021; 43:2387-2394. [PMID: 34383203 PMCID: PMC8599783 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related impairment of neurovascular coupling (NVC; or "functional hyperemia") compromises moment-to-moment adjustment of regional cerebral blood flow to increased neuronal activity and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Previous studies established a causal link among age-related decline in circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), neurovascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Endothelium-mediated microvascular dilation plays a central role in NVC responses. To determine the functional consequences of impaired IGF-1 input to cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells, endothelium-mediated NVC responses were studied in a novel mouse model of accelerated neurovascular aging: mice with endothelium-specific knockout of IGF1R (VE-Cadherin-CreERT2/Igf1rf/f). Increases in cerebral blood flow in the somatosensory whisker barrel cortex (assessed using laser speckle contrast imaging through a cranial window) in response to contralateral whisker stimulation were significantly attenuated in VE-Cadherin-CreERT2/Igf1rf/f mice as compared to control mice. In VE-Cadherin-CreERT2/Igf1rf/f mice, the effects of the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME were significantly decreased, suggesting that endothelium-specific disruption of IGF1R signaling impairs the endothelial NO-dependent component of NVC responses. Collectively, these findings provide additional evidence that IGF-1 is critical for cerebromicrovascular endothelial health and maintenance of normal NVC responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
| | - Peter Toth
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pécs Clinical Center, 72359, Pecs, Baranya, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Benyo
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - William E Sonntag
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731042, USA.
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Center 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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