Liu D, Gao Y, Su X. Self-care ability and associated factors in community-dwelling older adults living with oral frailty using the COM-B model.
J Oral Rehabil 2024;
51:1530-1541. [PMID:
38725254 DOI:
10.1111/joor.13713]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Self-care can improve overall oral health. However, few studies have investigated this in community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) model may be an appropriate framework to identify factors that affect self-care ability.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of and factors influencing self-care ability in community-dwelling older adults living with oral frailty, and to analyse the risk factors of low self-care ability.
METHODS
Two hundred seventy-five community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty participated in this cross-sectional study from October 2022 to March 2023. Participants underwent evaluations of oral health knowledge and behaviour, oral health literacy, nutritional condition, social support, oral health-related quality of life, self-efficacy and self-care ability using questionnaires. The self-care ability of older adults was assessed using the Chinese version of self-care ability scale for the elderly (SASE). The influencing factors were evaluated by single-factor analysis, correlation analysis and multi-factor analysis. Furthermore, we conducted additional analysis, wherein self-care ability was analysed as a categorical variable.
RESULTS
Of the participants, the SASE score was 62.43 ± 7.33, and 73.09% were inadequate at self-care ability. There was a positive correlation between the level of self-care ability and each variable (p < .001). Multiple linear regression showed that health literacy (p < .001), age (p < .001), nutritional condition (p = .001), gender (p = .003), quality of life (p = .014) and self-efficacy (p = .040) were significantly associated with decreased self-care ability (R2 = 0.444, F = 19.241). Binomial logistic regression analysis showed that gender, educational level, nutritional condition, oral health literacy and quality of life (all P<0.05) were risk factors for developing low levels of self-care ability.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that health literacy, age, nutritional condition, quality of life, gender and self-efficacy are important factors that influence self-care ability in community-dwelling older adults living with oral frailty.
Collapse