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Dahlmo LS, Velle G, Nilsen CI, Pulg U, Lennox RJ, Vollset KW. Behaviour of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a hydropower regulated freshwater system. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2023; 11:63. [PMID: 37838718 PMCID: PMC10576395 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Many Norwegian rivers and lakes are regulated for hydropower, which affects freshwater ecosystems and anadromous fish species, such as sea trout (Salmo trutta). Lakes are an important feature of many anadromous river systems. However, there is limited knowledge on the importance of lakes as habitat for sea trout and how hydropower affects the behaviour of sea trout in lakes. To investigate this, we conducted an acoustic telemetry study. A total of 31 adult sea trout (532 ± 93 mm total length) were captured by angling in river Aurlandselva, Norway, and tagged between July 20 and August 12, 2021. The tags were instrumented with accelerometer, temperature, and depth sensors, which provided information on the sea trout's presence and behaviour in lake Vassbygdevatnet. Our results indicate that there was a large prevalence of sea trout in the lake during the spawning migration, and that the sea trout were less active in the lake compared to the riverine habitats. An increase in activity of sea trout in the lake during autumn might indicate that sea trout spawn in the lake. However, the discharge from the high-head storage plant into the lake did not affect the depth use or activity of sea trout in the lake. Furthermore, the large prevalence of spawners in the lake during autumn will likely cause an underestimation of the size of the sea trout population in rivers with lakes during annual stock assessment. In conclusion, our results could not find evidence of a large impact of the discharge on the behaviour of sea trout in the lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte S Dahlmo
- LFI Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlens Gate 53A, 5008, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Gaute Velle
- LFI Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlens Gate 53A, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie I Nilsen
- LFI Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlens Gate 53A, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ulrich Pulg
- LFI Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert J Lennox
- LFI Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
- NINA Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Knut W Vollset
- LFI Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
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2
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Cooke SJ, Bergman JN, Twardek WM, Piczak ML, Casselberry GA, Lutek K, Dahlmo LS, Birnie-Gauvin K, Griffin LP, Brownscombe JW, Raby GD, Standen EM, Horodysky AZ, Johnsen S, Danylchuk AJ, Furey NB, Gallagher AJ, Lédée EJI, Midwood JD, Gutowsky LFG, Jacoby DMP, Matley JK, Lennox RJ. The movement ecology of fishes. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 101:756-779. [PMID: 35788929 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Movement of fishes in the aquatic realm is fundamental to their ecology and survival. Movement can be driven by a variety of biological, physiological and environmental factors occurring across all spatial and temporal scales. The intrinsic capacity of movement to impact fish individually (e.g., foraging) with potential knock-on effects throughout the ecosystem (e.g., food web dynamics) has garnered considerable interest in the field of movement ecology. The advancement of technology in recent decades, in combination with ever-growing threats to freshwater and marine systems, has further spurred empirical research and theoretical considerations. Given the rapid expansion within the field of movement ecology and its significant role in informing management and conservation efforts, a contemporary and multidisciplinary review about the various components influencing movement is outstanding. Using an established conceptual framework for movement ecology as a guide (i.e., Nathan et al., 2008: 19052), we synthesized the environmental and individual factors that affect the movement of fishes. Specifically, internal (e.g., energy acquisition, endocrinology, and homeostasis) and external (biotic and abiotic) environmental elements are discussed, as well as the different processes that influence individual-level (or population) decisions, such as navigation cues, motion capacity, propagation characteristics and group behaviours. In addition to environmental drivers and individual movement factors, we also explored how associated strategies help survival by optimizing physiological and other biological states. Next, we identified how movement ecology is increasingly being incorporated into management and conservation by highlighting the inherent benefits that spatio-temporal fish behaviour imbues into policy, regulatory, and remediation planning. Finally, we considered the future of movement ecology by evaluating ongoing technological innovations and both the challenges and opportunities that these advancements create for scientists and managers. As aquatic ecosystems continue to face alarming climate (and other human-driven) issues that impact animal movements, the comprehensive and multidisciplinary assessment of movement ecology will be instrumental in developing plans to guide research and promote sustainability measures for aquatic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and the Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordanna N Bergman
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and the Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William M Twardek
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and the Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morgan L Piczak
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and the Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace A Casselberry
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keegan Lutek
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lotte S Dahlmo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kim Birnie-Gauvin
- Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Lucas P Griffin
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacob W Brownscombe
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham D Raby
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily M Standen
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrij Z Horodysky
- Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia, USA
| | - Sönke Johnsen
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Caroline, USA
| | - Andy J Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathan B Furey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | - Elodie J I Lédée
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jon D Midwood
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lee F G Gutowsky
- Environmental & Life Sciences Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M P Jacoby
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Jordan K Matley
- Program in Aquatic Resources, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Robert J Lennox
- Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
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3
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Kolonin AM, Bókony V, Bonner TH, Zúñiga-Vega JJ, Aspbury AS, Guzman A, Molina R, Calvillo P, Gabor CR. Coping with urban habitats via glucocorticoid regulation: physiology, behavior, and life history in stream fishes. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:90-103. [PMID: 35026022 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As environments become urbanized, tolerant species become more prevalent. The physiological, behavioral and life-history mechanisms associated with the success of such species in urbanized habitats are not well understood, especially in freshwater ecosystems. Here we examined the glucocorticoid (GC) profiles, life-history traits, and behavior of two species of fish across a gradient of urbanization to understand coping capacity and associated trade-offs. We studied the tolerant live-bearing Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) for two years and the slightly less tolerant, egg-laying, Blacktail Shiner (Cyprinella venusta) for one year. We used a water-borne hormone method to examine baseline, stress-induced, and recovery cortisol release rates across six streams with differing degrees of urbanization. We also measured life-history traits related to reproduction, and for G. affinis, we measured shoaling behavior and individual activity in a novel arena. Both species showed a trend for reduced stress responsiveness in more urbanized streams, accompanied by higher reproductive output. Although not all populations fit this trend, these results suggest that GC suppression may be adaptive for coping with urban habitats. In G. affinis, GC recovery increased with urbanization, and individuals with the lowest stress response and highest recovery had the greatest reproductive allotment, suggesting that rapid return to baseline GC levels is also an important coping mechanism. In G. affinis, urban populations showed altered life-history trade-offs whereas behavioral traits did not vary systematically with urbanization. Thus, these tolerant species of fish may cope with anthropogenically modified streams by altering their GC profiles and life-history trade-offs. These results contribute to understanding the mechanisms driving species-specific adaptations and thereby community structure in freshwater systems associated with land-use converted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arseniy M Kolonin
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Veronika Bókony
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Timothy H Bonner
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - J Jaime Zúñiga-Vega
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad Universitaria 04510, Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Andrea S Aspbury
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Alex Guzman
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Roberto Molina
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Pilo Calvillo
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Caitlin R Gabor
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA.,The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
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4
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Jeffrey JD, Carlson H, Wrubleski D, Enders EC, Treberg JR, Jeffries KM. Applying a gene-suite approach to examine the physiological status of wild-caught walleye ( Sander vitreus). CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa099. [PMID: 33365129 PMCID: PMC7745715 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular techniques have been increasingly used in a conservation physiology framework to provide valuable information regarding the mechanisms underlying responses of wild organisms to environmental and anthropogenic stressors. In the present study, we developed a reference gill transcriptome for walleye (Sander vitreus), allowing us to pair a gene-suite approach (i.e. multiple genes across multiple cellular processes) with multivariate statistics to examine the physiological status of wild-caught walleye. For molecular analyses of wild fish, the gill is a useful target for conservation studies, not only because of its importance as an indicator of the physiological status of fish but also because it can be biopsied non-lethally. Walleye were non-lethally sampled following short- (~1.5 months) and long-term (~3.5 months) confinement in the Delta Marsh, which is located south of Lake Manitoba in Manitoba, Canada. Large-bodied walleye are confined in the Delta Marsh from late April to early August by exclusion screens used to protect the marsh from invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio), exposing fish to potentially stressful water quality conditions. Principal components analysis revealed patterns of transcript abundance consistent with exposure of fish to increasingly high temperature and low oxygen conditions with longer holding in the marsh. For example, longer-term confinement in the marsh was associated with increases in the mRNA levels of heat shock proteins and a shift in the mRNA abundance of aerobic to anaerobic metabolic genes. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that walleye confined in the Delta Marsh may be exhibiting sub-lethal responses to high temperature and low oxygen conditions. These results provide valuable information for managers invested in mediating impacts to a local species of conservation concern. More broadly, we highlight the usefulness of pairing transcriptomic techniques with multivariate statistics to address potential confounding factors that can affect measured physiological responses of wild-caught fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Jeffrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Hunter Carlson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Dale Wrubleski
- Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada, Stonewall, Manitoba, R0C 2Z0 Canada
| | - Eva C Enders
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N6 Canada
| | - Jason R Treberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Ken M Jeffries
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 Canada
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5
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Nissen BD, Bendik NF. Effects of Season, Gravidity, and Streamflow on Body Condition from Tail Width in Two Federally Listed Salamanders, Eurycea sosorum and E. tonkawae. HERPETOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-76.4.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley D. Nissen
- City of Austin Watershed Protection Department, 505 Barton Springs Road, 11th Floor, Austin, TX 78704, USA
| | - Nathan F. Bendik
- City of Austin Watershed Protection Department, 505 Barton Springs Road, 11th Floor, Austin, TX 78704, USA
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6
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Iglesias-Carrasco M, Aich U, Jennions MD, Head ML. Stress in the city: meta-analysis indicates no overall evidence for stress in urban vertebrates. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201754. [PMID: 33023414 PMCID: PMC7657868 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As cities continue to grow it is increasingly important to understand the long-term responses of wildlife to urban environments. There have been increased efforts to determine whether urbanization imposes chronic stress on wild animals, but empirical evidence is mixed. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis to test whether there is, on average, a detrimental effect of urbanization based on baseline and stress-induced glucocorticoid levels of wild vertebrates. We found no effect of urbanization on glucocorticoid levels, and none of sex, season, life stage, taxon, size of the city nor methodology accounted for variation in the observed effect sizes. At face value, our results suggest that urban areas are no more stressful for wildlife than rural or non-urban areas, but we offer a few reasons why this conclusion could be premature. We propose that refining methods of data collection will improve our understanding of how urbanization affects the health and survival of wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Iglesias-Carrasco
- Division of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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7
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Goff CB, Walls SC, Rodriguez D, Gabor CR. Changes in physiology and microbial diversity in larval ornate chorus frogs are associated with habitat quality. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa047. [PMID: 32577287 PMCID: PMC7294888 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental change associated with anthropogenic disturbance can lower habitat quality, especially for sensitive species such as many amphibians. Variation in environmental quality may affect an organism's physiological health and, ultimately, survival and fitness. Using multiple health measures can aid in identifying populations at increased risk of declines. Our objective was to measure environmental variables at multiple spatial scales and their effect on three indicators of health in ornate chorus frog (Pseudacris ornata) tadpoles to identify potential correlates of population declines. To accomplish this, we measured a glucocorticoid hormone (corticosterone; CORT) profile associated with the stress response, as well as the skin mucosal immune function (combined function of skin secretions and skin bacterial community) and bacterial communities of tadpoles from multiple ponds. We found that water quality characteristics associated with environmental variation, including higher water temperature, conductivity and total dissolved solids, as well as percent developed land nearby, were associated with elevated CORT release rates. However, mucosal immune function, although highly variable, was not significantly associated with water quality or environmental factors. Finally, we examined skin bacterial diversity as it aids in immunity and is affected by environmental variation. We found that skin bacterial diversity differed between ponds and was affected by land cover type, canopy cover and pond proximity. Our results indicate that both local water quality and land cover characteristics are important determinants of population health for ornate chorus frogs. Moreover, using these proactive measures of health over time may aid in early identification of at-risk populations that could prevent further declines and aid in management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory B Goff
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Dr.
San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Liberty University, 1971
University Blvd. Lynchburg, VA 24515, USA
| | - Susan C Walls
- Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 7920
NW 71st St. Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
| | - David Rodriguez
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Dr.
San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Caitlin R Gabor
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Dr.
San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
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8
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Carbajal A, Soler P, Tallo-Parra O, Isasa M, Echevarria C, Lopez-Bejar M, Vinyoles D. Towards Non-Invasive Methods in Measuring Fish Welfare: The Measurement of Cortisol Concentrations in Fish Skin Mucus as a Biomarker of Habitat Quality. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110939. [PMID: 31717428 PMCID: PMC6912682 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortisol levels in fish skin mucus have shown to be good stress indicators in farm fish exposed to different stressors. Its applicability in free-ranging animals subject to long-term environmental stressors though remains to be explored. The present study was therefore designed to examine whether skin mucus cortisol levels from a wild freshwater fish (Catalan chub, Squalius laietanus) are affected by the habitat quality. Several well-established hematological parameters and cortisol concentrations were measured in blood and compared to variations in skin mucus cortisol values across three habitats with different pollution gradient. Fluctuations of cortisol in skin mucus varied across the streams of differing habitat quality, following a similar pattern of response to that detected by the assessment of cortisol levels in blood and the hematological parameters. Furthermore, there was a close relationship between cortisol concentrations in skin mucus and several of the erythrocytic alterations and the relative proportion of neutrophils to lymphocytes. Taken together, results of this study provide the first evidence that skin mucus cortisol levels could be influenced by habitat quality. Although results should be interpreted with caution, because a small sample size was collected in one studied habitat, the measurement of cortisol in skin mucus could be potentially used as a biomarker in freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaïs Carbajal
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Patricia Soler
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Oriol Tallo-Parra
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marina Isasa
- Cetaqua, Centro tecnológico del agua, Cornellà de Llobregat, 08940 Barcelona, Spain; (M.I.); (C.E.)
| | - Carlos Echevarria
- Cetaqua, Centro tecnológico del agua, Cornellà de Llobregat, 08940 Barcelona, Spain; (M.I.); (C.E.)
| | - Manel Lopez-Bejar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Dolors Vinyoles
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.S.); (D.V.)
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9
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Vreys N, Amé MV, Filippi I, Cazenave J, Valdés ME, Bistoni MA. Effect of Landscape Changes on Water Quality and Health Status of Heptapterus mustelinus (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae). ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 76:453-468. [PMID: 30661090 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-00593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Substances derived from anthropogenic activities induce changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the aquatic environment. Physicochemical and biological studies are necessary to understand how changes in landscape affect the health of the aquatic environment. The main goal of this study was to evaluate how the landscape at different spatial scales affects (1) water quality and (2) the health status of Heptapterus mustelinus, based on several biomarkers. During the dry season, individuals were caught in three sites with different degrees of anthropogenic activity. The quality of the terrestrial environment was assessed using the Riparian Quality and Land Use Indices. The water quality condition was evaluated using a water quality index, and pesticides and pharmaceuticals were measured in water. The following biomarkers were analyzed in the fish: general health status (Condition Factor, Hepatosomatic index and energetic costs), enzymatic activity (GST, CAT, AchE), carbonyl content in proteins and histopathological responses in liver and gills. The most impacted sites by the presence of pesticides showed more alterations in the surrounding landscape; specially, changes in the riparian area. In this area, biomarkers denoted more damage than in sites with protected riparian zone. Conservation status of riparian ecosystems is crucial in the determination of rivers ecological quality. Our results demonstrate the importance of monitoring the environmental quality through an integrated analysis, using native fish to understand the effects of human activities on the biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vreys
- Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Velez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M V Amé
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología de Córdoba (CIBICI), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - I Filippi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología de Córdoba (CIBICI), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - J Cazenave
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina and Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M E Valdés
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología de Córdoba (CIBICI), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M A Bistoni
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Velez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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10
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Sadoul B, Geffroy B. Measuring cortisol, the major stress hormone in fishes. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 94:540-555. [PMID: 30667059 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stress in teleosts is an increasingly studied topic because of its interaction with growth, reproduction, immune system and ultimately fitness of the animal. Whether it is for evaluating welfare in aquaculture, adaptive capacities in fish ecology, or to investigate effects of human-induced rapid environmental change, new experimental methods to describe stress physiology in captive or wild fish have flourished. Cortisol has proven to be a reliable indicator of stress and is considered the major stress hormone. Initially principally measured in blood, cortisol measurement methods are now evolving towards lower invasiveness and to allow repeated measurements over time. We present an overview of recent achievements in the field of cortisol measurement in fishes, discussing new alternatives to blood, whole body and eggs as matrices for cortisol measurement, notably mucus, faeces, water, scales and fins. In parallel, new analytical tools are being developed to increase specificity, sensitivity and automation of the measure. The review provides the founding principles of these techniques and introduces their potential as continuous monitoring tools. Finally, we consider promising avenues of research that could be prioritised in the field of stress physiology of fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Sadoul
- MARBEC, Ifremer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Palavas Les-Flots, France
| | - Benjamin Geffroy
- MARBEC, Ifremer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Palavas Les-Flots, France
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11
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Zhou T, Hu W, Yu S. Characterizing interactions of socioeconomic development and environmental impact at a watershed scale. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5680-5692. [PMID: 30612346 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3875-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide socioeconomic development has resulted in huge irretrievable environmental problems in various ecosystems. This study employed seven coastal watersheds in two provinces, Zhejiang and Fujian, China forming a gradient to testify the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) interactions between socioeconomic development and environmental impact at a watershed scale. Annual socioeconomic indicators, including gross domestic product (GDP) and its components, registered population (agricultural and non-agricultural population), and electricity consumption, and annual discharges of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium were collected at a county level, and land use pattern to generate watershed level dataset in the period of 2011-2016. Results indicated that non-agricultural GDP per capita of the non-agricultural population and discharge of COD or ammonium per unit of total GDP were top-ranked pair-indicators significantly fitting the EKC model instead of the classic GDP per capita and pollutants. The development of seven selected watersheds have passed the turning point of the EKC and entered impact-reducing development stages along the EKC, i.e., the three Zhejiang watersheds are at the low-impact development stage, the Huotong Stream watershed from Fujian province was at impact-declining development stage right, and other three Fujian watersheds were at medium-impact development stage. In term of the environmental impact indicator, pollutant discharge per unit of total GDP serves as a development impact indictor per se. These findings might provide an EKC-based approach to support and strategize the watershed management for sustainable development in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shen Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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12
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Tucker EK, Suski CD, Philipp MA, Jeffrey JD, Hasler CT. Glucocorticoid and behavioral variation in relation to carbon dioxide avoidance across two experiments in freshwater teleost fishes. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Hook SE, Mondon J, Revill AT, Greenfield PA, Smith RA, Turner RDR, Corbett PA, Warne MSJ. Transcriptomic, lipid, and histological profiles suggest changes in health in fish from a pesticide hot spot. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 140:299-321. [PMID: 29983192 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) were collected at the beginning (1st sampling) and end (2nd sampling) of the wet season from Sandy Creek, an agriculturally impacted catchment in the Mackay Whitsundays region of the Great Barrier Reef catchment area, and from Repulse Creek, located approximately 100 km north in Conway National Park, to assess the impacts of pesticide exposure. Gill and liver histology, lipid class composition in muscle, and the hepatic transcriptome were examined. The first sample of Repulse Creek fish showed little tissue damage and low transcript levels of xenobiotic metabolism enzymes. Sandy Creek fish showed altered transcriptomic patterns, including those that regulate lipid metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism, and immune response; gross histological alterations including lipidosis; and differences in some lipid classes. The second sampling of Repulse Creek fish showed similar alterations in hepatic transcriptome and tissue structure as fish from Sandy Creek. These changes may indicate a decrease in health of pesticide exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Hook
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Julie Mondon
- Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Rachael A Smith
- Queensland Department of Science and Environment, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Ryan D R Turner
- Queensland Department of Science and Environment, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | | | - Michael St J Warne
- Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, United Kingdom; Queensland Department of Science and Environment, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Queensland 4111, Australia; Queensland Alliance of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4108, Australia
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14
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Lennox RJ, Suski CD, Cooke SJ. A macrophysiology approach to watershed science and management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 626:434-440. [PMID: 29353786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Freshwaters are among the most imperiled ecosystems on the planet such that much effort is expended on environmental monitoring to support the management of these systems. Many traditional monitoring efforts focus on abiotic characterization of water quantity or quality and/or indices of biotic integrity that focus on higher scale population or community level metrics such as abundance or diversity. However, these indicators may take time to manifest in degraded systems and delay the identification and restoration of these systems. Physiological indicators manifest rapidly and portend oncoming changes in populations that can hasten restoration and facilitate preventative medicine for degraded habitats. Therefore, assessing freshwater ecosystem integrity using physiological indicators of health is a promising tool to improve freshwater monitoring and restoration. Here, we discuss the value of using comparative, longitudinal physiological data collected at a broad spatial (i.e. watershed) scale (i.e. macrophysiology) as a tool for monitoring aquatic ecosystem health within and among local watersheds to develop timely and effective management plans. There are emerging tools and techniques available for rapid, cost-effective, and non-lethal physiological sampling and we discuss how these can be integrated into management using fish as sentinel indicators in freshwater. Although many examples of this approach are relatively recent, we foresee increasing use of macrophysiology in monitoring, and advocate for the development of more standard tools for consistent and reliable assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Lennox
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Cory D Suski
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana, United States
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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15
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Walls SC. Coping With Constraints: Achieving Effective Conservation With Limited Resources. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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16
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Novarro AJ, Gabor CR, Goff CB, Mezebish TD, Thompson LM, Grayson KL. Physiological responses to elevated temperature across the geographic range of a terrestrial salamander. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.178236. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.178236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Widespread species often possess physiological mechanisms for coping with thermal heterogeneity, and uncovering these mechanisms provides insight into species responses to climate change. The emergence of non-invasive corticosterone (CORT) assays allows us to rapidly assess physiological responses to environmental change on a large scale. We lack, however, a basic understanding of how temperature affects CORT, and whether temperature and CORT interactively affect performance. Here, we examine the effects of elevated temperature on CORT and whole-organism performance in a terrestrial salamander, Plethodon cinereus, across a latitudinal gradient. Using water-borne hormone assays, we found that raising ambient temperature from 15 to 25°C increased CORT release at a similar rate for salamanders from all sites. However, CORT release rate was higher overall in the warmest, southernmost site. Elevated temperatures also affected physiological performance, but the effects differed among sites. Ingestion rate increased in salamanders from the warmer sites but remained the same for those from cooler sites. Mass gain was reduced for most individuals, though this reduction was more dramatic in salamanders from the cooler sites. We also found a temperature-dependent relationship between CORT and food conversion efficiency (i.e., the amount of mass gained per unit food ingested). CORT was negatively related to food conversion efficiency at 25°C but was unrelated at 15°C. Thus, the energetic gains of elevated ingestion rates may be counteracted by elevated CORT release rates experienced by salamanders in warmer environments. By integrating multiple physiological metrics, we highlight the complex relationships between temperature and individual responses to warming climates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caitlin R. Gabor
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Cory B. Goff
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Tori D. Mezebish
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lily M. Thompson
- Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA
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17
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Brooks JL, Boston C, Doka S, Gorsky D, Gustavson K, Hondorp D, Isermann D, Midwood JD, Pratt TC, Rous AM, Withers JL, Krueger CC, Cooke SJ. Use of Fish Telemetry in Rehabilitation Planning, Management, and Monitoring in Areas of Concern in the Laurentian Great Lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 60:1139-1154. [PMID: 28939998 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems provide many ecosystem services; however, they are often degraded as a result of human activity. To address ecosystem degradation in the Laurentian Great Lakes, Canada and the United States of America established the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA). In 1987, 43 highly polluted and impacted areas were identified under the GLWQA as having one or more of 14 Beneficial Use Impairments (BUIs) to the physical and chemical habitat for fish, wildlife and humans, and were designated as Areas of Concern (AOC). Subnational jurisdictions combined with local stakeholders, with support from federal governments, developed plans to remediate and restore these sites. Biotelemetry (the tracking of animals using electronic tags) provides information on the spatial ecology of fish in the wild relevant to habitat management and stock assessment. Here, seven case studies are presented where biotelemetry data were directly incorporated within the AOC Remedial Action Plan (RAP) process. Specific applications include determining seasonal fish-habitat associations to inform habitat restoration plans, identifying the distribution of pollutant-indicator species to identify exposure risk to contamination sources, informing the development of fish passage facilities to enable fish to access fragmented upstream habitats, and assessing fish use of created or restored habitats. With growing capacity for fish biotelemetry research in the Great Lakes, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of incorporating biotelemetry into AOC RAP processes to improve the science and practice of restoration and to facilitate the delisting of AOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Brooks
- Department of Biology, Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Lab, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - C Boston
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - S Doka
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - D Gorsky
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lower Great Lakes Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 1101 Casey Road, Basom, NY, 14013, USA
| | - K Gustavson
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Stationed at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, 5204 P, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. N.W., Washington, DC, 20460, USA
| | - D Hondorp
- U.S. Geological Survey-Great Lakes Science Center, 1451 Green Rd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - D Isermann
- U. S. Geological Survey, Wisconsin Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 800 Reserve St., Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
| | - J D Midwood
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - T C Pratt
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - A M Rous
- Department of Biology, Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Lab, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J L Withers
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lower Great Lakes Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 1101 Casey Road, Basom, NY, 14013, USA
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Fishery Center, 308 Washington Avenue, Lamar, PA, 16848, USA
| | - C C Krueger
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University, 115 Manly Miles Building, 1405 South Harrison Road, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S J Cooke
- Department of Biology, Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Lab, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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18
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Hook SE, Kroon FJ, Greenfield PA, Warne MSJ, Smith RA, Turner RD. Hepatic transcriptomic profiles from barramundi, Lates calcarifer, as a means of assessing organism health and identifying stressors in rivers in northern Queensland. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 129:166-179. [PMID: 28601346 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Resource managers need to differentiate between sites with and without contaminants and those where contaminants cause impacts. Potentially, transcriptomes could be used to evaluate sites where contaminant-induced effects may occur, to identify causative stressors of effects and potential adverse outcomes. To test this hypothesis, the hepatic transcriptomes in Barramundi, a perciforme teleost fish, (Lates calcarifer) from two reference sites, two agriculturally impacted sites sampled during the dry season, and an impacted site sampled during the wet season were compared. The hepatic transcriptome was profiled using RNA-Seq. Multivariate analysis showed that transcriptomes were clustered based on site and by inference water quality, but not sampling time. The largest differences in transcriptomic profile were between reference sites and a site sampled during high run-off, showing that impacted sites can be identified via RNA-Seq. Transcripts with altered abundance were linked to xenobiotic metabolism, peroxisome proliferation and stress responses, indicating putative stressors with the potential for adverse outcomes in barramundi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Hook
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Oceans and Atmosphere, Kirrawee, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Frederieke J Kroon
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia
| | - Paul A Greenfield
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere North Ryde, New South Wales 2113, Australia
| | - Michael St J Warne
- Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, United Kingdom; Queensland Department of Science, Information Technology, and Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Queensland 4111, Australia; National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), University of Queensland, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Rachael A Smith
- Queensland Department of Science, Information Technology, and Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Ryan D Turner
- Queensland Department of Science, Information Technology, and Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Queensland 4111, Australia
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19
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Casatta N, Stefani F, Viganò L. Hepatic gene expression profiles of a non-model cyprinid (Barbus plebejus) chronically exposed to river sediments. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 196:27-35. [PMID: 28286098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we characterized the gene expression responses of the Padanian barbel (Barbus plebejus), a native benthivorous cyprinid with a very compromised presence within the fish community of the River Po. Barbel juveniles were exposed in the laboratory to two river sediments reflecting an upstream/downstream gradient of increasing contamination and collected from one of the most anthropized tributaries of the River Po. After 7months of exposure, hepatic transcriptional changes that were diagnostic of sediment exposure were assessed. We investigated a set of 24 genes involved in xenobiotic biotransformation (cyp1a, gstα, ugt), antioxidant defense (gpx, sod, cat, hsp70), trace metal exposure (mt-I, mt-II), DNA repair (xpa, xpc), apoptosis (bax, casp3), growth (igf2), and steroid (erα, erβ1, erβ2, ar, vtg) and thyroid (dio1, dio2, trα, trβ, nis) hormone signaling pathways. In a consistent overall picture, the results showed that long-term sediment exposure mainly increased the levels of mRNAs encoding proteins involved in xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress defense, repair of DNA damage and activation of the apoptotic process. Transcript up-regulation of three receptor genes (erβ2, ar, trβ), likely representing compensatory responses to antagonistic/toxic effects, was also observed, confirming the exposure to disruptors of the reproductive and thyroidal axes. In contrast to expectations, a few genes showed no response (e.g., casp3) or even downregulation (vtg), further suggesting that the timing of exposure/assessment, potential compensatory effects or post-transcriptional modifications interact to modify the gene expression profiles, particularly during exposure to mixtures of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Casatta
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, (MB), Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Stefani
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, (MB), Italy
| | - Luigi Viganò
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, (MB), Italy
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20
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Belanger C, Peiman K, Vera-Chang M, Moon T, Cooke S. Pumpkinseed sunfish ( Lepomis gibbosus) from littoral and limnetic habitats differ in stress responsiveness independent of environmental complexity and presence of conspecifics. CAN J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2016-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the face of a changing world, there has been increasing interest in the behavioural and physiological responses of wild animals to stressors. Many factors can influence stress responsiveness, but two that have not been extensively studied during the stress-induced phase are environmental complexity and the presence of conspecifics. Using wild pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)) collected from limnetic and littoral sites, we tested whether glucose and cortisol were affected by environmental complexity and the density of conspecifics during the period of maximum response following a standardized air stressor. Overall, environmental complexity and conspecific density did not have a significant effect on maximum stress. However, in the environmental complexity experiment, fish collected from the littoral site had significantly higher concentrations of maximum glucose and cortisol, and tended to have higher glucose and cortisol responsiveness, than limnetic fish. This indicates that although the collection site did not affect a fish’s baseline values, intraspecific variation in site use is associated with divergent sensitivity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal axis to stressors. The importance of capture location on maximal response from stressors represents a potential sampling bias and source of variation, and may be even more pronounced in species that are habitat specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.B. Belanger
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - K.S. Peiman
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - M.N. Vera-Chang
- Department of Biology and Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - T.W. Moon
- Department of Biology and Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - S.J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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21
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McKenzie DJ, Axelsson M, Chabot D, Claireaux G, Cooke SJ, Corner RA, De Boeck G, Domenici P, Guerreiro PM, Hamer B, Jørgensen C, Killen SS, Lefevre S, Marras S, Michaelidis B, Nilsson GE, Peck MA, Perez-Ruzafa A, Rijnsdorp AD, Shiels HA, Steffensen JF, Svendsen JC, Svendsen MBS, Teal LR, van der Meer J, Wang T, Wilson JM, Wilson RW, Metcalfe JD. Conservation physiology of marine fishes: state of the art and prospects for policy. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 4:cow046. [PMID: 27766156 PMCID: PMC5070530 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The state of the art of research on the environmental physiology of marine fishes is reviewed from the perspective of how it can contribute to conservation of biodiversity and fishery resources. A major constraint to application of physiological knowledge for conservation of marine fishes is the limited knowledge base; international collaboration is needed to study the environmental physiology of a wider range of species. Multifactorial field and laboratory studies on biomarkers hold promise to relate ecophysiology directly to habitat quality and population status. The 'Fry paradigm' could have broad applications for conservation physiology research if it provides a universal mechanism to link physiological function with ecological performance and population dynamics of fishes, through effects of abiotic conditions on aerobic metabolic scope. The available data indicate, however, that the paradigm is not universal, so further research is required on a wide diversity of species. Fish physiologists should interact closely with researchers developing ecological models, in order to investigate how integrating physiological information improves confidence in projecting effects of global change; for example, with mechanistic models that define habitat suitability based upon potential for aerobic scope or outputs of a dynamic energy budget. One major challenge to upscaling from physiology of individuals to the level of species and communities is incorporating intraspecific variation, which could be a crucial component of species' resilience to global change. Understanding what fishes do in the wild is also a challenge, but techniques of biotelemetry and biologging are providing novel information towards effective conservation. Overall, fish physiologists must strive to render research outputs more applicable to management and decision-making. There are various potential avenues for information flow, in the shorter term directly through biomarker studies and in the longer term by collaborating with modellers and fishery biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. McKenzie
- Centre for Marine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation, UMR MARBEC (CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, UM), Place E. Bataillon cc 093, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Axelsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Denis Chabot
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Mont-Joli, QC, CanadaG5H 3Z4
| | - Guy Claireaux
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UMR LEMAR, Unité PFOM-ARN, Centre Ifremer de Bretagne, ZI Pointe du Diable. CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | | | - Gudrun De Boeck
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paolo Domenici
- CNR–IAMC, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, 09072 Torregrande, Oristano, Italy
| | - Pedro M. Guerreiro
- CCMAR – Centre for Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bojan Hamer
- Center for Marine Research, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Christian Jørgensen
- Department of Biology and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Shaun S. Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity,Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical,Veterinary and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sjannie Lefevre
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066,NO-0316 Oslo,Norway
| | - Stefano Marras
- CNR–IAMC, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, 09072 Torregrande, Oristano, Italy
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Göran E. Nilsson
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066,NO-0316 Oslo,Norway
| | - Myron A. Peck
- Institute for Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, Olbersweg 24, Hamburg 22767, Germany
| | - Angel Perez-Ruzafa
- Department of Ecology and Hydrology, Faculty of Biology, Espinardo, Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp
- IMARES, Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies, PO Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands
| | - Holly A. Shiels
- Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - John F. Steffensen
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000 Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Jon C. Svendsen
- Section for Ecosystem-based Marine Management, National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU-Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Jægersborg Allé 1, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - Morten B. S. Svendsen
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000 Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Lorna R. Teal
- IMARES, Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies, PO Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap van der Meer
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Wang
- Department of Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jonathan M. Wilson
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rod W. Wilson
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, ExeterEX4 4QD, UK
| | - Julian D. Metcalfe
- Centre for Environment,Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Lowestoft Laboratory, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
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Jeffrey JD, Hannan KD, Hasler CT, Suski CD. Responses to elevated CO2 exposure in a freshwater mussel, Fusconaia flava. J Comp Physiol B 2016; 187:87-101. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-1023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Belanger CB, Vera-Chang MN, Moon TW, Midwood JD, Suski CD, Cooke SJ. Seasonal variation in baseline and maximum whole-body glucocorticoid concentrations in a small-bodied stream fish independent of habitat quality. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 192:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ward TD, Algera DA, Gallagher AJ, Hawkins E, Horodysky A, Jørgensen C, Killen SS, McKenzie DJ, Metcalfe JD, Peck MA, Vu M, Cooke SJ. Understanding the individual to implement the ecosystem approach to fisheries management. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 4:cow005. [PMID: 27293757 PMCID: PMC4825417 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management (EAFMs) have emerged as requisite for sustainable use of fisheries resources. At the same time, however, there is a growing recognition of the degree of variation among individuals within a population, as well as the ecological consequences of this variation. Managing resources at an ecosystem level calls on practitioners to consider evolutionary processes, and ample evidence from the realm of fisheries science indicates that anthropogenic disturbance can drive changes in predominant character traits (e.g. size at maturity). Eco-evolutionary theory suggests that human-induced trait change and the modification of selective regimens might contribute to ecosystem dynamics at a similar magnitude to species extirpation, extinction and ecological dysfunction. Given the dynamic interaction between fisheries and target species via harvest and subsequent ecosystem consequences, we argue that individual diversity in genetic, physiological and behavioural traits are important considerations under EAFMs. Here, we examine the role of individual variation in a number of contexts relevant to fisheries management, including the potential ecological effects of rapid trait change. Using select examples, we highlight the extent of phenotypic diversity of individuals, as well as the ecological constraints on such diversity. We conclude that individual phenotypic diversity is a complex phenomenon that needs to be considered in EAFMs, with the ultimate realization that maintaining or increasing individual trait diversity may afford not only species, but also entire ecosystems, with enhanced resilience to environmental perturbations. Put simply, individuals are the foundation from which population- and ecosystem-level traits emerge and are therefore of central importance for the ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D. Ward
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
- Corresponding author: Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.
| | - Dirk A. Algera
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | - Austin J. Gallagher
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | - Emily Hawkins
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1N 9B4
| | - Andrij Horodysky
- Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA
| | - Christian Jørgensen
- Department of Biology and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Shaun S. Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - David J. McKenzie
- Equipe Diversité et Ecologie des Poissons, UMR5119 Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers, Université Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier cedex 5 34095, France
| | - Julian D. Metcalfe
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Lowestoft Laboratory, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Myron A. Peck
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Olbersweg 24, Hamburg 22767, Germany
| | - Maria Vu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1N 9B4
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
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