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Domacassé D, de Rooij SR, Vrijkotte T, de Jonge A, Henrichs J. Associations Between Early-Pregnancy Vitamin D Status and Postpartum Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:648-657. [PMID: 38973743 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms are risk factors for subsequent maternal and child mental health problems. Little is known about the potential role of antepartum vitamin D and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the etiology of maternal postpartum affective symptoms. We investigated associations between antepartum vitamin D status and postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms and whether antepartum CRP mediated these associations. METHODS In 2483 participants of the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development prospective cohort, maternal serum vitamin D and CRP were measured at a median of 13 weeks' gestation. Vitamin D status was defined as deficient (≤29.9 nM), insufficient (30-49.9 nM), sufficient (50-79.9 nM), or normal (≥80 nM). Maternal depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) were assessed 3 months postpartum. RESULTS After adjustments for confounders, vitamin D deficiency was only associated with increased postpartum anxiety symptoms ( B = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03-0.30, p = .017) compared to normal vitamin D levels (≥80 nM). In women not taking vitamin D supplementation ( n = 2303), vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms ( B = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.03-0.28, p = .045; and B = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.03-0.32, p = .015). Antepartum CRP did not mediate these links. CONCLUSIONS We found some evidence that antepartum vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased postpartum affective symptoms, especially in women not taking vitamin D supplementation. Clinical trials should determine whether vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk for postpartum affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Domacassé
- From the Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Midwifery Science (de Jonge, Henrichs); Midwifery Academy Amsterdam Groningen, InHolland (de Jonge, Henrichs); Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health (de Jonge, Henrichs), Amsterdam; Department of Primary and Long-term Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen (Domacassé, de Jonge, Henrichs), Groningen; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science (de Rooij); Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Reproduction and Development Research Institute (de Rooij, Vrijkotte); Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Aging and Later Life, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases (de Rooij, Vrijkotte); and Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam (Vrijkotte), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Arabi A, Nasrallah D, Mohsen S, Abugharbieh L, Al-Hashimi D, AlMass S, Albasti S, Al-Ajmi SA, Zughaier SM. The interplay between vitamin D status, subclinical inflammation, and prediabetes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35764. [PMID: 39170232 PMCID: PMC11337041 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D's role extends beyond classical calcium and phosphate homeostasis to encompass a pivotal influence on immune modulation and metabolic health. The mechanisms by which vitamin D exerts these effects involve its conversion to hormonally active calcitriol, which binds intracellular vitamin D receptors, initiating various downstream cascades. In this review, we tease out the evidence showing the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and prediabetes within the context of subclinical inflammation, with a special focus on the novel monocyte-to-HDL ratio (MHR), a novel inflammatory marker reflecting subclinical inflammation. This was based on a thorough literature review using reputable databases covering the period from 1980 to 2024. In light of this, we discuss calcitriol's anti-inflammatory effects and consequently link vitamin D deficiency to both overt and subclinical inflammation. Additionally, the utility of several biomarkers, notably MHR, in investigating this association is also discussed. We further reviewed the role of vitamin D deficiency in precipitating prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via insulin resistance, decreased insulin synthesis and secretion, and subclinical inflammation. Taken together, this mini review highlights that vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with subclinical inflammation, playing a critical role in the development of prediabetes and the progression to T2DM. Addressing vitamin D deficiency through appropriate interventions may serve as a preventative measure against the development of prediabetes and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Mohsen
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lana Abugharbieh
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dana Al-Hashimi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaikha AlMass
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahd Albasti
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saeed A. Al-Ajmi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susu M. Zughaier
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Cyna W, Wojciechowska A, Szybiak-Skora W, Lacka K. The Impact of Environmental Factors on the Development of Autoimmune Thyroiditis-Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1788. [PMID: 39200253 PMCID: PMC11351723 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) is the most common autoimmune disease. It most often manifests itself as hypothyroidism but may also present with euthyroidism or even hyperthyroidism. The etiopathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis is still unclear. However, in addition to genetic and epigenetic factors, many environmental factors are known to increase the risk of developing AIT. In this review, we aimed to collect and analyze data connected with environmental factors and autoimmune thyroiditis development. Our review indicates iodine intake, vitamin D deficiency, selenium deficiency, viral infections caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human parvovirus B19 (PVB19), Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), bacterial infection caused by Helicobacter pylori, microbiome disruption, medications such as interferon-alpha and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as stress, climate, and smoking can influence the risk of the occurrence of autoimmune thyroiditis. Having knowledge of risk factors allows for making changes to one's diet and lifestyle that will reduce the risk of developing the disease and alleviate the course of autoimmune thyroiditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Cyna
- Student’s Scientific Society, Endocrinology Section at the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (W.C.); (A.W.); (W.S.-S.)
| | - Aleksandra Wojciechowska
- Student’s Scientific Society, Endocrinology Section at the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (W.C.); (A.W.); (W.S.-S.)
| | - Weronika Szybiak-Skora
- Student’s Scientific Society, Endocrinology Section at the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (W.C.); (A.W.); (W.S.-S.)
| | - Katarzyna Lacka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
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Li SY, Lu ZH, Su Y, Leung JCS, Kwok TCY. Dietary inflammatory index, mediating biomarkers and incident frailty in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100304. [PMID: 38924861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diet can modulate systemic inflammation, while inflammation is a critical contributory factor of frailty. However, longitudinal data on the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and frailty are limited, and the intermediate mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between DII and incident frailty and the potential mediating roles of frailty-related biomarkers. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING The Mr. OS and Ms. OS (Hong Kong) study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3,035 community-dwelling men and women aged above 65 years without frailty at baseline were included. MEASUREMENTS DII scores were calculated using the locally validated food frequency questionnaire. Incident frailty at year four was defined using the Fried frailty phenotype. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between DII and frailty onset. Mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating roles of frailty-related biomarkers in the DII-frailty association. RESULTS During four years of follow-up, 208 individuals developed frailty. Compared with the lowest tertile of DII, the highest tertile was associated with an increased risk of incident frailty (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.17-2.82; p = 0.008) after adjustment for relevant confounders. The DII-frailty association was significant in men but not in women. Furthermore, increasing serum homocysteine, decreasing serum folate, and reducing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) mediated 11.6%, 7.1%, and 9.6 % of the total relation between DII and frailty onset, respectively. CONCLUSION In this cohort study, a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a higher risk of frailty onset, mediated by homocysteine, folate, and renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Lu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jason C S Leung
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy C Y Kwok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Mukherjee D, Mikhailidis DP. From remnant cholesterol to lipoprotein(a) - emerging risk factors for cardiovascular diseases beyond low density lipoprotein. Curr Opin Cardiol 2024; 39:279. [PMID: 38832818 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK
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Sun H, Shen G, Dong H, Shang M, Zhou W, Wang L, Li Z, Gong J, Hu B. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and erectile dysfunction: a causal relationship? Findings from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1390814. [PMID: 38933368 PMCID: PMC11200040 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1390814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) in observational studies. However, whether there is a causal association between them remains uncertain. Objective Conduct a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effect between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and ED risk. Method Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels comprising 6,896,093 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from 496,949 people of European ancestry were regarded as exposure for the MR analysis. Additional GWAS data involving 9,310,196 SNPs of 6,175 European ED cases and 217,630 controls were used as outcome data. The MR-Egger, inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed to evaluate causal effects, among which IVW was the primary MR analysis method. The stability of the MR analysis results was confirmed by a heterogeneity test, a horizontal pleiotropy test, and the leave-one-out method. Result There were 103 SNPs utilized as instrumental variables (p < 5 × 10-8). The results of MR analysis showed no causal effects of serum 25(OH) D concentration on ED risks (IVW; OR = 0.9516, 95% CI = 0.7994 to 1.1328, p = 0.5772). There was no heterogeneity and pleiotropy in the statistical models. Conclusion The present MR study did not support a causal association for genetically predicted serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in the risk of ED in individuals of European descent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiao Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Shan R, Zhang Q, Ding Y, Zhang L, Dong Y, Gao W. Vitamin D deficiency and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes: Big data insights. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220787. [PMID: 38840890 PMCID: PMC11151388 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and its association with inflammatory markers and type 2 diabetes. We conducted our research at Qingdao Endocrine and Diabetes Hospital, where serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were determined for 2,806 individuals with type 2 diabetes aged 30 and older between January 2018 and December 2019. Medical records were analyzed, and data on health, blood lipids, HbA1c, and inflammation were collected. Our results revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the population. Among male and female patients, median serum 25(OH)D3 levels were 22.46 and 19.00 ng/mL, respectively. More than 60% of female patients had vitamin D deficiency, with over 80% having levels below 30 ng/mL. We observed a favorable connection between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 25(OH)D3, while triglycerides and HbA1c showed negative correlations. As 25(OH)D3 levels increased, inflammatory markers such as hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and monocyte count decreased (trend test, p < 0.05), although peripheral blood lymphocytes initially increased and then decreased. After controlling for age and gender, multiple linear regression analysis indicated negative correlations between ESR, hsCRP, and white blood cell count with 25(OH)D3 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that individuals with type 2 diabetes often exhibit vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, which is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujie Shan
- Weifang Medical University, Clinical Medical, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Weifang Medical University, Clinical Medical, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Yusen Ding
- Qingdao Endocrine Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Qingdao Endocrine Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yanhu Dong
- Qingdao Endocrine Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Weiguo Gao
- Qingdao Endocrine Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
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Chen CW, Han YY, Hwang JS, Rizzo M, Yamashita S, Huey-Jen Hsu S, Su TC. Association Between Adequate Serum 25(OH)D Levels and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Young Adults. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:524-539. [PMID: 38057082 PMCID: PMC11079497 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and novel biomarkers of atherogenic dyslipidemia among young adults. METHOD A total of 976 young adults were recruited between 2011 and 2019. Their serum 25(OH)D levels were measured, and lipid profile markers, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), low-density lipoprotein triglyceride (LDL-TG), and small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), were assessed as novel biomarkers of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the association between vitamin D levels and lipid profile markers. Odds ratios were calculated to assess the risk of atherogenic dyslipidemia in individuals with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL compared to those with levels above 30 ng/mL. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to explore potential mediation pathways. RESULTS The study found a significant association between vitamin D levels and lower levels of LDL-C, LDL-TG, sdLDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Individuals with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL exhibited significantly higher odds ratios for developing atherogenic dyslipidemia in a dose-response pattern compared to those with vitamin D levels above 30 ng/mL. Notably, structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that vitamin D did not affect atherogenic lipid markers through the mediation of insulin resistance markers or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of an association between vitamin D deficiency and atherogenic dyslipidemia in young adults. It further highlights that individuals with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL are at a significantly higher risk of developing atherogenic dyslipidemia in a dose-response manner compared to those with higher vitamin D levels. These findings underscore the potential role of vitamin D in dyslipidemia management and emphasize the importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels for cardiovascular health in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Way Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yi Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Traumatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMIS), Universita degli Studi di Palermo UNIPA, Palermo, Italy
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sandy Huey-Jen Hsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hamilton FW, Hughes DA, Spiller W, Tilling K, Davey Smith G. Non-linear Mendelian randomization: detection of biases using negative controls with a focus on BMI, Vitamin D and LDL cholesterol. Eur J Epidemiol 2024; 39:451-465. [PMID: 38789826 PMCID: PMC11219394 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-024-01113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Mendelian randomisation (MR) is an established technique in epidemiological investigation, using the principle of random allocation of genetic variants at conception to estimate the causal linear effect of an exposure on an outcome. Extensions to this technique include non-linear approaches that allow for differential effects of the exposure on the outcome depending on the level of the exposure. A widely used non-linear method is the residual approach, which estimates the causal effect within different strata of the non-genetically predicted exposure (i.e. the "residual" exposure). These "local" causal estimates are then used to make inferences about non-linear effects. Recent work has identified that this method can lead to estimates that are seriously biased, and a new method-the doubly-ranked method-has been introduced as a possibly more robust approach. In this paper, we perform negative control outcome analyses in the MR context. These are analyses with outcomes onto which the exposure should have no predicted causal effect. Using both methods we find clearly biased estimates in certain situations. We additionally examined a situation for which there are robust randomised controlled trial estimates of effects-that of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction onto myocardial infarction, where randomised trials have provided strong evidence of the shape of the relationship. The doubly-ranked method did not identify the same shape as the trial data, and for LDL-C and other lipids they generated some highly implausible findings. Therefore, we suggest there should be extensive simulation and empirical methodological examination of performance of both methods for NLMR under different conditions before further use of these methods. In the interim, use of NLMR methods needs justification, and a number of sanity checks (such as analysis of negative and positive control outcomes, sensitivity analyses excluding removal of strata at the extremes of the distribution, examination of biological plausibility and triangulation of results) should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus W Hamilton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Road, BS8 2PS, Bristol, UK.
- Infection Science, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
| | - David A Hughes
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Road, BS8 2PS, Bristol, UK
| | - Wes Spiller
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Road, BS8 2PS, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Tilling
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Road, BS8 2PS, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Road, BS8 2PS, Bristol, UK
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Christodoulou M, Aspray TJ, Piec I, Fraser WD, Schoenmakers I. Alterations in regulators of the renal-bone axis, inflammation and iron status in older people with early renal impairment and the effect of vitamin D supplementation. Age Ageing 2024; 53:afae096. [PMID: 38770543 PMCID: PMC11106582 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to alterations in fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and the renal-bone axis. This may be partly driven by altered inflammation and iron status. Vitamin D supplementation may reduce inflammation. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS Older adults with early CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30-60 ml/min/1.73 m2; CKDG3a/b; n = 35) or normal renal function (eGFR >90 ml/min/1.73 m2; CKDG1; n = 35) received 12,000, 24,000 or 48,000 IU D3/month for 1 year. Markers of the renal-bone axis, inflammation and iron status were investigated pre- and post-supplementation. Predictors of c-terminal and intact FGF23 (cFGF23; iFGF23) were identified by univariate and multivariate regression. RESULTS Pre-supplementation, comparing CKDG3a/b to CKDG1, plasma cFGF23, iFGF23, PTH, sclerostin and TNFα were significantly higher and Klotho, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and iron were lower. Post-supplementation, only cFGF23, 25(OH)D and IL6 differed between groups. The response to supplementation differed between eGFR groups. Only in the CKDG1 group, phosphate decreased, cFGF23, iFGF23 and procollagen type I N-propeptide increased. In the CKDG3a/b group, TNFα significantly decreased, and iron increased. Plasma 25(OH)D and IL10 increased, and carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks decreased in both groups. In univariate models cFGF23 and iFGF23 were predicted by eGFR and regulators of calcium and phosphate metabolism at both time points; IL6 predicted cFGF23 (post-supplementation) and iFGF23 (pre-supplementation) in univariate models. Hepcidin predicted post-supplementation cFGF23 in multivariate models with eGFR. CONCLUSION Alterations in regulators of the renal-bone axis, inflammation and iron status were found in early CKD. The response to vitamin D3 supplementation differed between eGFR groups. Plasma IL6 predicted both cFGF23 and iFGF23 and hepcidin predicted cFGF23.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terence J Aspray
- Freeman Hospital, Bone Clinic, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Isabelle Piec
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, UK
| | - William D Fraser
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, UK
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Inez Schoenmakers
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norwich, UK
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, UK
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Hauta-Alus HH, Rosendahl J, Holmlund-Suila EM, Valkama SM, Enlund-Cerullo M, Nurhonen M, Kajantie E, Mäkitie O, Andersson S. Low-grade inflammation from prenatal period to age 6-8 years in a Vitamin D trial. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1578-1586. [PMID: 38225452 PMCID: PMC11126391 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-grade systemic inflammation measured as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been associated with non-communicable disease risk. We assessed whether prenatal inflammation and early-childhood vitamin D are associated with inflammation until age 6-8. METHODS We analyzed blood hs-CRP and 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] in pregnancy, at birth from umbilical cord blood (UCB), from offspring at ages 1, 2, and 6-8 years in the Vitamin D Intervention in Infants (VIDI) study. VIDI was a randomized-controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation of 10 μg/day or 30 μg/day from age 2 weeks until 2 years in 975 infants recruited in 2013-14, with follow-up at age 6-8 in 2019-21 (n = 283). RESULTS Pregnancy hs-CRP was associated with UCB hs-CRP (r = 0.18, p < 0.001) but not independently with childhood hs-CRP (Estimate [95% CI] 0.04 [<-0.00, 0.09]). Higher UCB hs-CRP was associated independently with higher hs-CRP until 6-8 years (0.20 [0.12, 0.29]). Infant vitamin D dose had no effect on longitudinal hs-CRP (6-8 years, 0.11 [-0.04, 0.25]). Childhood 25(OH)D were associated positively with hs-CRP until age 6-8 (0.01 [>0.00, 0.01]). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that in children, inflammation, assessed by hs-CRP, persists from birth until 6-8 years. We observed positive associations between 25(OH)D and hs-CRP in vitamin D-sufficient children. IMPACT High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations tract from birth to age 8 years Our novel finding suggests a long-lasting pro-inflammatory phenotype in the child Higher vitamin D concentration - but not dose - is associated with higher childhood hs-CRP Chronic disease risk related to inflammation may in part originate from the prenatal period or early childhood Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of inflammation on long-term clinical health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena H Hauta-Alus
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Population Health unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Jenni Rosendahl
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa M Holmlund-Suila
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara M Valkama
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Enlund-Cerullo
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Nurhonen
- Population Health unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Population Health unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Hands JM, Frame LA. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Therapy: Is the Vehicle Important? A Hypothesis. J Diet Suppl 2024; 21:563-566. [PMID: 38591992 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2336212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Hands
- The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Leigh A Frame
- The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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13
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Nekoukar Z, Manouchehri A, Zakariaei Z. Accidental vitamin D3 overdose in a young man. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:82-85. [PMID: 37975856 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a fat-soluble vitamin that can accumulate in the body and lead to toxicity by increasing 25(OH) D levels when consumed in large amounts. Maintaining 25(OH) D levels greater than 30 ng/mL is crucial for overall health due to the significant role of vitamin D in the body. The most common causes of VD3 intoxication are manufacturing errors or self-administration. Currently, there is no definitive data on the dose and duration of VD3 consumption that leads to toxicity. The maximum daily doses of VD3 that can be tolerated without causing adverse effects are not established. The maximum recommended amount for long-term supplementation is 2,000 units per day. Vitamin D3 toxicity (VDT) can present in various scenarios, ranging from asymptomatic to gastrointestinal, and in severe cases with neuropsychiatric and life-threatening symptoms. We report the case of a 29-year-old man who presented with symptoms of VDT following an accidental overdose of VD3 over 2 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Nekoukar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Manouchehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zakaria Zakariaei
- Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Division, Mazandaran Registry Center for Opioids Poisoning, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Centers, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Jain SK, Stevens CM, Margret JJ, Levine SN. Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Pathology, Current Treatments, and the Potential Therapeutic Effect of Decreasing Oxidative Stress by Combined Vitamin D and l-Cysteine Supplementation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:663-678. [PMID: 37756366 PMCID: PMC11001507 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Excess oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are risk factors in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its association with amyloid-β plaque accumulation. Oxidative stress impairs acetylcholine (ACH) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor signaling in brain areas that function in memory and learning. Glutathione (GSH) antioxidant depletion positively correlates with the cognitive decline in AD subjects. Treatments that upregulate GSH and ACH levels, which simultaneously decrease oxidative stress and inflammation, may be beneficial for AD. Recent Advances: Some clinical trials have shown a benefit of monotherapy with vitamin D (VD), whose deficiency is linked to AD or with l-cysteine (LC), a precursor of GSH biosynthesis, in reducing mild cognitive impairment. Animal studies have shown a simultaneous decrease in ACH esterase (AChE) and increase in GSH; combined supplementation with VD and LC results in a greater decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation, and increase in GSH levels compared with monotherapy with VD or LC. Therefore, cosupplementation with VD and LC has the potential of increasing GSH, downregulation of oxidative stress, and decreased inflammation and AChE levels. Future Directions: Clinical trials are needed to determine whether safe low-cost dietary supplements, using combined VD+LC, have the potential to alleviate elevated AChE, oxidative stress, and inflammation levels, thereby halting the onset of AD. Goal of Review: The goal of this review is to highlight the pathological hallmarks and current Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for AD, and discuss the potential therapeutic effect that cosupplementation with VD+LC could manifest by increasing GSH levels in patients. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 663-678.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K. Jain
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Christopher M. Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey Justin Margret
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Steven N. Levine
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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15
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Zhang F, Huang J, Zhang G, Dai M, Yin T, Huang C, Liu J, Zhang Y. No evidence of a causal relationship between miscarriage and 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a Mendelian randomization study. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae011. [PMID: 38456064 PMCID: PMC10918637 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there a causal relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and miscarriage? SUMMARY ANSWER In this study, little evidence of a causal relationship was found between low serum 25OHD concentration or vitamin D deficiency and the risk of miscarriages. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Associations between low vitamin D levels and increased risk of miscarriage have been reported, but causality is unclear. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION The latest and largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for serum 25OHD concentration (n = 417 580), vitamin D deficiency (426 cases and 354 812 controls), miscarriage (16 906 cases and 149 622 controls), and the number of miscarriages (n = 78 700) were used to explore the causal association between serum vitamin D levels and miscarriage by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS This study was based on summary GWAS results from the FinnGen database and the UK Biobank. The random-effect inverse-variance weighted method was regarded as the primary analysis; MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, simple mode, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) were further employed as complementary methods. MR-Egger intercept analysis and MR-PRESSO were employed to test pleiotropy, and Cochran's Q statistic and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were used to determine the heterogeneity and robustness of the overall estimates, respectively. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There was insufficient evidence of causal associations between serum 25OHD concentration and miscarriage (odds ratio (OR) = 0.995, 95% CI: 0.888 to 1.114, P = 0.927), or the number of miscarriages (β = -0.004, 95% CI: -0.040 to 0.032, P = 0.829). Furthermore, little evidence of causality between genetically determined vitamin D deficiency to miscarriage (OR = 0.993, 95% CI: 0.966 to 1.021, P = 0.624), or the number of miscarriages (β = 0.001, 95% CI: -0.009 to 0.011, P = 0.828), was observed. The results of the sensitivity analysis were robust, and no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION This study is limited by the absence of female-specific GWAS data and the limited amount of GWAS data available for this study, as well as the need for caution in generalizing the findings to non-European ethnic groups. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings enhance the current understanding of the intricate association between vitamin D and pregnancy outcomes, challenging prevailing beliefs regarding the strong association with miscarriage. The results provide a special perspective that may prompt further exploration and potentially offer insights for guiding future research and informing clinical guidelines pertaining to the management of miscarriage. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This project was supported by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Program General Surface Project (2022CFB200), the Key Research & Developmental Program of of Hubei Province (2022BCA042), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042022gf0007, 2042022kf1210), and the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (JCRCWL-2022-001, JCRCYG-2022-009). All authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingtao Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gangting Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Meizhao Health Management Co, Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengyang Dai
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunyu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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16
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Choukroun E, Parnot M, Surmenian J, Gruber R, Cohen N, Davido N, Simonpieri A, Savoldelli C, Afota F, El Mjabber H, Choukroun J. Bone Formation and Maintenance in Oral Surgery: The Decisive Role of the Immune System-A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Solutions. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:191. [PMID: 38391677 PMCID: PMC10886049 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the evidence of a significant communication and connection pathway between the bone and immune systems, a new science has emerged: osteoimmunology. Indeed, the immune system has a considerable impact on bone health and diseases, as well as on bone formation during grafts and its stability over time. Chronic inflammation induces the excessive production of oxidants. An imbalance between the levels of oxidants and antioxidants is called oxidative stress. This physio-pathological state causes both molecular and cellular damage, which leads to DNA alterations, genetic mutations and cell apoptosis, and thus, impaired immunity followed by delayed or compromised wound healing. Oxidative stress levels experienced by the body affect bone regeneration and maintenance around teeth and dental implants. As the immune system and bone remodeling are interconnected, bone loss is a consequence of immune dysregulation. Therefore, oral tissue deficiencies such as periodontitis and peri-implantitis should be regarded as immune diseases. Bone management strategies should include both biological and surgical solutions. These protocols tend to improve immunity through antioxidant production to enhance bone formation and prevent bone loss. This narrative review aims to highlight the relationship between inflammation, oxidation, immunity and bone health in the oral cavity. It intends to help clinicians to detect high-risk situations in oral surgery and to propose biological and clinical solutions that will enhance patients' immune responses and surgical treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Franck Afota
- Private Practice, 06000 Nice, France
- Head and Neck Institute, CHU, 06000 Nice, France
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17
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Malakooti SK, Siddiqui H, Wilson B, Bej T, O’Mara M, Desotelle A, Lange A, Shive CL, Singer NG, McComsey GA, Kostadinova L, Mattar M, Zidar DA, Anthony DD. Higher Vitamin D Levels before Methotrexate Therapy Initiation Are Associated with Lower Subsequent Mortality in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Nutrients 2024; 16:401. [PMID: 38337687 PMCID: PMC10857393 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Vitamin D deficiency is associated with mortality in the general population and has been observed in one rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cohort. Here, we investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels before methotrexate (MTX) therapy initiation in patients with RA and the subsequent all-cause mortality in a national Veterans Affairs (VA) cohort. (2) This is a retrospective study on RA patients time-oriented around the initial MTX prescription and 25(OH)D levels before starting MTX. We examined survival in patients with 25(OH)D levels > 50 nmol/L and ≤50 nmol/L using the Cox Proportional Hazard Model and fully adjusted for risk factors. (3) In total, 15,109 RA patients were included in the nationwide cohort. RA patients with 25(OH)D levels > 50 nmol/L before starting MTX had a 28% reduced risk of mortality when compared to those with levels ≤ 50 nmol/L (HR: 0.72, CI: 0.64-0.80, p < 0.001) after adjusting for traditional risk factors. (4) In this national RA cohort receiving standard-of-care MTX, patients with 25(OH)D levels > 50 nmol/L have a lower subsequent mortality when compared to those with 25(OH)D levels ≤ 50 nmol/L. It remains to be determined whether increasing Vitamin D levels in RA patients initially found to be Vitamin D deficient impacts their all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahdi K. Malakooti
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Hinnah Siddiqui
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Brigid Wilson
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Taissa Bej
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Megan O’Mara
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Alexandra Desotelle
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Alyssa Lange
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Carey L. Shive
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Nora G. Singer
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Grace A. McComsey
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Lenche Kostadinova
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Maya Mattar
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - David A. Zidar
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Donald D. Anthony
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (H.S.); (B.W.)
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18
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Leotta C, Hernandez L, Tothova L, Arefin S, Ciceri P, Cozzolino MG, Barany P, Chromek M, Stenvinkel P, Kublickiene K. Levels of Cell-Free DNA in Kidney Failure Patients before and after Renal Transplantation. Cells 2023; 12:2774. [PMID: 38132094 PMCID: PMC10741614 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has diverse applications in oncological, prenatal, toxicological, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases, diagnostics, and organ transplantation. In particular, mitochondrial cfDNA (mt-cfDNA) is associated with inflammation and linked to early vascular ageing (EVA) in end-stage kidney failure (ESKF), which could be a noninvasive marker for graft rejection and organ damage. Plasma samples from 44 ESKF patients, of whom half (n = 22) underwent either conservative therapy (non-HD) or hemodialysis (HD) before kidney transplantation (KT). These samples were analyzed at baseline and two years after KT. cfDNA was extracted from plasma and quantified using the fluorometric method. qPCR was used to quantify and differentiate the fractions of mt-cfDNA and nuclear cfDNA (nc-cfDNA). mt-cfDNA levels in KT patients decreased significantly from baseline to two years post-KT (p < 0.0268), while levels of total cfDNA and nc-cfDNA did not differ. Depending on therapy modality (HD vs. non-HD) before KT, total cfDNA levels were higher in HD patients at both baseline (p = 0.0133) and two years post-KT (p = 0.0421), while nc-cfDNA levels were higher in HD only at baseline (p = 0.0079). Males showed a nonsignificant trend of higher cfDNA levels. Patients with assessed vascular fibrosis (p = 0.0068), either alone or in combination with calcification plus fibrosis, showed reduced mt-cfDNA post-KT (p = 0.0195). Changes in mt-cfDNA levels suggests the impact of KT on the inflammatory state of ESKF, as evidenced via its correlation with high sensitivity C-reactive protein after KT. Further studies are warranted to assess if cfDNA could serve as a noninvasive method for monitoring the response to organ transplantation and even for amelioration of EVA status per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Leotta
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital Milan, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy (M.G.C.)
| | - Leah Hernandez
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Lubomira Tothova
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Samsul Arefin
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Paola Ciceri
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital Milan, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy (M.G.C.)
| | - Mario Gennaro Cozzolino
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital Milan, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy (M.G.C.)
| | - Peter Barany
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Milan Chromek
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
- Division of Pediatrics, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.L.); (L.H.); (P.B.); (M.C.)
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19
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Komba S, Hase M, Kotake-Nara E. Organic Synthesis of New Secosteroids from Fucosterol, Its Intestinal Absorption by Caco-2 Cells, and Simulation of the Biological Activities of Vitamin D. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:540. [PMID: 37888475 PMCID: PMC10608315 DOI: 10.3390/md21100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously examined the cellular uptake of six types of vitamin D in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Since vitamins D5-D7 were commercially unavailable, we synthesized these compounds organically before studying them. This process led us to understand that new secosteroids could be generated as vitamin D candidates, depending on the sterol used as the starting material. We obtained two new secosteroids-compounds 3 and 4-from fucosterol in the current study. We investigated the intestinal absorption of these compounds using Caco-2 cells cultured in Transwells and compared the results with vitamin D3, a representative secosteroid. The intestinal absorption of compound 4 was comparable to that of vitamin D3. Compound 3 showed similar uptake levels but transported about half as much as vitamin D3. These compounds demonstrated intestinal absorption at the cellular level. Vitamin D is known for its diverse biological activities manifest after intestinal absorption. Using PASS online simulation, we estimated the biological activity of compound 3's activated form. In several items indicated by PASS, compound 3 exhibited stronger biological activity than vitamins D2-D7 and was also predicted to have unique biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Komba
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8642, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Megumi Hase
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8642, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kotake-Nara
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8642, Ibaraki, Japan
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20
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Jiang M, Yan W, Li X, Zhao L, Lu T, Zhang D, Li J, Wang L. Calcium Homeostasis and Psychiatric Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4051. [PMID: 37764834 PMCID: PMC10535008 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have investigated the impact of calcium homeostasis on psychiatric disorders; however, the causality of associations is yet to be established. Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of calcium homeostasis hormones was conducted on nine psychiatric disorders. Calcium, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (25OHD), parathyroid hormone, and fibroblast growth factor 23 are the major calcium homeostasis hormones. The causality was evaluated by the inverse variance weighted method (IVW) and the MR Steiger test, while Cochran's Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, funnel plot, and the leave-one-out method were used for sensitivity analyses. Bonferroni correction was used to determine the causative association features (p < 6.94 × 10-4). Schizophrenia (SCZ) was significantly associated with decreased 25OHD concentrations with an estimated effect of -0.0164 (Prandom-effect IVW = 2.39 × 10-7). In the Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis adjusting for potentially confounding traits including body mass index, obesity, mineral supplements (calcium, fish oil, and vitamin D) and outdoor time (winter and summer), the relationship between SCZ and 25OHD remained. The genetically predicted autism spectrum disorder and bipolar disorder were also nominally associated with decreased 25OHD. This study provided evidence for a causal effect of psychiatric disorders on calcium homeostasis. The clinical monitoring of 25OHD levels in patients with psychiatric disorders is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weiheng Yan
- Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xianjing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liyang Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tianlan Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation (IBRR), South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Qin J, Zhang L, Ke B, Liu T, Kong C, Jin C. Causal relationships between circulating inflammatory factors and IgA vasculitis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1248325. [PMID: 37753071 PMCID: PMC10518517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1248325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is an immune-associated vasculitis, yet its exact etiology remains unclear. Here, we explore the interaction between IgAV and inflammatory factors using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods We conducted a bidirectional summary-level MR analysis to delineate the causality of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and 41 circulating inflammatory regulators with IgAV. Data on genetic variants related to inflammation were obtained from three genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on CRP, PCT, and human cytokines, whereas data on IgAV was from large meta-analyses of GWAS among 216 569 FinnGen Biobank participants. The primary MR analysis was performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach, and the sensitivity analyses were carried out using MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier. Results This study revealed the association of CRP higher levels with increased risk of IgAV through IVW method (Estimate odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.98, P = 0.04), MR-Egger (OR = 1.87, CI: 1.15-3.02, P = 0.01), weighted median (OR = 2.00, CI: 1.21-3.30, P = 0.01) and weighted mode (OR = 1.74, CI: 1.13-2.68, P = 0.02). Furthermore, elevated IL-8 was strongly implicated with a higher risk of IgAV (IVW OR = 1.42, CI: 1.05-1.92; P = 0.02). Conversely, genetically predicted IgAV was associated with decreased levels of TNF-β (IVW estimate β = -0.093, CI: -0.178 - -0.007; P = 0.033). Additionally, no such significant statistical differences for other inflammatory factors were found. Conclusion Our current study using bidirectional MR analysis provides compelling evidence for a causal effect of CRP, PCT, and circulating inflammatory regulators on IgAV. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of IgAV and emphasize the potential of targeting inflammatory factors for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiading Qin
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Ke
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Key Biologic Laboratory of Blood Tumor Cell of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunfang Kong
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Chenghao Jin
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
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Sha S, Gwenzi T, Chen LJ, Brenner H, Schöttker B. About the associations of vitamin D deficiency and biomarkers of systemic inflammatory response with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a general population sample of almost 400,000 UK Biobank participants. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:957-971. [PMID: 37340242 PMCID: PMC10501954 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
It is unknown whether the well-known association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality could be explained by the immune system modulating effects of vitamin D, which may protect from a systemic inflammatory response (SIR) to adverse health conditions. This study aims to investigate the interrelationships of vitamin D deficiency, biomarkers of SIR, and mortality. We used multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for 51 covariates to assess the associations of vitamin D deficiency with disadvantageous levels of nine biomarkers of SIR in the UK Biobank cohort. Furthermore, we tested with Cox regression and mediation analysis whether biomarkers of SIR and vitamin D deficiency were independently associated with mortality. We included 397,737 participants aged 37-73 years. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with disadvantageous levels of all blood cell count-based biomarkers, but not with C-reactive protein (CRP)-based biomarkers after adjustment for body weight. Vitamin D deficiency and all biomarkers of SIR were significantly associated with all-cause mortality and mortality from cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory disease. The strength of these associations was unaltered if vitamin D deficiency and biomarkers of SIR were put in the same model. This finding was further supported by the mediation analyses. This study showed that vitamin D deficiency is associated with disadvantageous levels of blood cell count-based but not CRP-based biomarkers of SIR. Vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation were independently and strongly associated with mortality. The potential of clinical interventions against both vitamin D deficiency and underlying causes of systemic inflammation should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sha
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tafirenyika Gwenzi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Iwasaki M, Motokawa K, Shirobe M, Hayakawa M, Ohara Y, Motohashi Y, Edahiro A, Kawai H, Fujiwara Y, Sakata Y, Ihara K, Watanabe Y, Obuchi S, Hirano H. Serum levels of vitamin D and periodontal inflammation in community-dwelling older Japanese adults: The Otassha Study. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1167-1175. [PMID: 37317881 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association between vitamin D status and periodontal inflammation as determined by the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) in community-dwelling older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 467 Japanese adults (mean age = 73.1 years) who underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations and measurements of serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). We used linear regression and restricted cubic spline models to analyse the association between exposure (serum 25(OH)D) and outcome (PISA). RESULTS The linear regression model showed that, after adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the lowest quartile of serum 25(OH)D had 41.0 mm2 more PISA (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.6-77.5) than the reference group (the highest quartile of serum 25(OH)D). The spline model showed that the association between serum 25(OH)D and PISA was non-linear and restricted to the low 25(OH)D range. PISA initially sharply decreased as serum 25(OH)D increased, and then the decreasing trend slowed and plateaued. The inflection point with the minimum PISA value was a serum 25(OH)D level of 27.1 ng/mL, above which there was no decreasing trend in PISA with increasing serum 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSIONS Low vitamin D status had an L-shaped association with periodontal inflammation in this cohort of Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misato Hayakawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Motohashi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakata
- Health Care and Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Su YW, Lee AMC, Xu X, Hua B, Tapp H, Wen XS, Xian CJ. Methotrexate Chemotherapy Causes Growth Impairments, Vitamin D Deficiency, Bone Loss, and Altered Intestinal Metabolism-Effects of Calcitriol Supplementation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4367. [PMID: 37686643 PMCID: PMC10486381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is prevalent in childhood cancer patients and survivors after chemotherapy; further studies are needed to investigate the underlying aetiology and effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in preventing chemotherapy-induced bone loss. This study used a rat model of treatment with antimetabolite methotrexate to investigate whether methotrexate chemotherapy causes vitamin D deficiency and if vitamin D supplementation attenuates the resultant bone loss. Methotrexate treatment (five daily injections) decreased serum vitamin D levels (from 52 to <30 ng/mL), reduced body and bone lengthening and tibial trabecular bone volume, and altered intestinal vitamin D metabolism, which was associated with intestinal mucosal damage known to cause malabsorption of nutrients, including dietary vitamin D and calcium. During the early stage after chemotherapy, mRNA expression increased for vitamin D activation enzyme CYP27B1 and for calcium-binding protein TRPV6 in the intestine. During the intestinal healing stage, expression of vitamin D catabolism enzyme CYP24 increased, and that of TRPV6 was normalised. Furthermore, subcutaneous calcitriol supplementation diminished methotrexate-induced bone loss due to its effect suppressing methotrexate-induced increased bone resorption. Thus, in young rats, methotrexate chemotherapy causes vitamin D deficiency, growth impairments, bone loss, and altered intestinal vitamin D metabolism, which are associated with intestinal damage, and vitamin D supplementation inhibits methotrexate-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Su
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (Y.-W.S.); (A.M.C.L.); (X.X.); (B.H.)
| | - Alice M. C. Lee
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (Y.-W.S.); (A.M.C.L.); (X.X.); (B.H.)
| | - Xukang Xu
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (Y.-W.S.); (A.M.C.L.); (X.X.); (B.H.)
| | - Belinda Hua
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (Y.-W.S.); (A.M.C.L.); (X.X.); (B.H.)
| | - Heather Tapp
- Department of Haematology & Oncology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia;
| | - Xue-Sen Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Cory J. Xian
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (Y.-W.S.); (A.M.C.L.); (X.X.); (B.H.)
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25
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Lee SB, Jung SH, Lee H, Lee SM, Jung JE, Kim N, Lee JY. Maternal vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy and perinatal and long-term outcomes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19367. [PMID: 37809851 PMCID: PMC10558340 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women. Some studies have linked vitamin D deficiency to obstetric complications such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the potential impact of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on both perinatal and long-term outcomes. Methods In this retrospective study, conducted between 2017 and 2021, we analyzed the data of 1079 singleton pregnant women with no medical or surgical complications prior to pregnancy. We evaluated obstetric and perinatal outcomes, as well as neurodevelopmental outcomes using Bayley-III tests, Gross Motor Function Measure, or chart review. Results The maternal serum vitamin D level in the first trimester was 18.2 ± 9.0 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was found in 308 (62.0%) women in the first trimester, of which 288 women (26.7%) were in the very deficient group (<10 ng/mL). There were no differences in maternal age, body mass index, and previous preterm birth between the group with vitamin D < 10 ng/mL and ≥10 ng/mL group. There were also no differences in the rates of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth between the two groups, except for the rate of preterm birth before 37 weeks of gestation, which was significantly higher in the very deficient group (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] = 7.78, 95%CI [2.23-27.12], p = 0.001). In the very deficient group, the risk of developmental delay was also higher (aOR = 4.28, 95%CI [1.40-13.05], p = 0.011). Conclusions This is the first study to analyze the effects of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on both long-term developmental outcomes and perinatal prognosis. Vitamin D deficiency, defined as a level lower than 10 ng/mL in the first trimester, may increase the risk of preterm birth and developmental delay in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hanna Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sae Mi Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
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Hassan AA, Abdelbagi O, Osman OE, Adam I. Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and hypertension among adults in North Sudan: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:402. [PMID: 37592222 PMCID: PMC10433536 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, hypertension represents a major public health problem. The association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and hypertension remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and hypertension among adults in Sudan. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in North Sudan. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. Serum 25(OH)D was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Of the total of 391 participants, 202 (51.7%) were females. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of participants' ages was 45(32-55) years. Of the total, 219(56.0%) had hypertension. The median (IQR) of serum25(OH)D was 13.3(9.9-19.7) ng/mL, and 295 (75.4%) participants had vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). In multivariable logistic regression, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for age = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.03‒1.061, the AOR for being female = 2.02, 95% CI, 1.12‒3.66, and body mass index was AOR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.05‒1.14, all of which were significantly associated with hypertension. However, serum 25(OH)D levels were not associated with hypertension (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI 0.99‒1.05, P = 0.317). In multiple linear regression, while systolic blood pressure was negatively associated with 25(OH)D (coefficient = - 0.28, P = 0.017), there was no significant association between serum 25(OH)D level and diastolic blood pressure (coefficient = - 0.10, P = 0.272) or mean blood pressure (coefficient =-0.03, P = 0.686). CONCLUSION The current study revealed a negative association between vitamin D and systolic blood pressure. The mechanism of such an association needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Omer Abdelbagi
- Department of Pathology, AlQunfudhah Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Qunfudhah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osman E. Osman
- Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ishag Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan M, Li Y, Chang J, Zhang X, Wang S, Cao L, Li Y, Wang G, Su P. Vitamin D and suicidality: a Chinese early adolescent cohort and Mendelian randomization study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2023; 32:e52. [PMID: 37553982 PMCID: PMC10465318 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796023000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Previous cross-sectional and case-control studies have proposed that decreased vitamin D levels are positively correlated with the risk of suicidality in adults. However, limited studies have examined the association between vitamin D and suicidality in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D and suicidality risk among early adolescents. METHODS Data were obtained from a Chinese early adolescent cohort. In this cohort, seventh-grade students from a middle school in Anhui Province were invited to voluntarily participate in the baseline assessments and provide peripheral blood samples (in September 2019). The participants were followed up annually (in September 2020 and September 2021). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and vitamin D-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms at baseline were measured in November 2021. Traditional observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D at baseline and the risk of baseline and incident suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideation [SI], plans and attempts). RESULTS Traditional observational analysis did not reveal a significant linear or non-linear association of serum 25(OH)D concentration with the risks of baseline and 2-year incident suicidality in the total sample (P > .05 for all). Sex-stratified analysis revealed a non-linear association between the 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of baseline SI in women (Poverall = .002; Pnon-linear = .001). Moreover, the risk of baseline SI in the 25(OH) insufficiency group was lower than that in the 25(OH) deficiency group in the total sample (odds ratio [OR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51-0.92, P = .012). This difference remained significant in women (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40-0.87, P = .008) but not in men (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.53-1.15, P = .205). Additionally, both linear and non-linear MR analyses did not support the causal effect of serum 25(OH)D concentration on the risk of baseline, 1-year and 2-year incident suicidality (P > .05 for all). CONCLUSIONS This study could not confirm the causal effect of vitamin D on suicidality risk among Chinese early adolescents. Future studies must confirm these findings with a large sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Yuan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yonghan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Junjie Chang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaojie Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Leilei Cao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Gengfu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Bai YJ, Li YM, Hu SM, Zou YG, An YF, Wang LL, Shi YY. Vitamin D supplementation reduced blood inflammatory cytokines expression and improved graft function in kidney transplant recipients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152295. [PMID: 37483634 PMCID: PMC10358325 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic allograft dysfunction(CAD) is the leading cause of graft loss in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Inflammatory process is believed to be one of the major contributors to CAD. The aim of this study is to explore the anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D (VD) supplementation in KTRs and its role in the graft function improvement(protection). Methods A retrospective cohort of 39 KTRs with chronic antibody mediated rejection(CAMR)or stable renal function and a prospective cohort of 42 KTRs treated or untreated with VD were enrolled. Serum levels of vitamin D metabolism and serum inflammatory cytokines, renal graft function, and routine blood biomarkers were tested and dynamically tracked within 12 months post-transplant. Results Compared with the stable group, the CAMR group exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, IP-10, and HMGB1 (P <0.05). The supplementation of vitamin D effectively increased the serum concentration of vitamin D in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) in the treated group. During the course of treatment, the treated group exhibited a gradual increase in eGFR levels, which were significantly higher than those observed in the untreated group at 12 months post-transplant (p<0.05). Notably, as eGFR improved, there was a significant decrease in levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, IP-10 and HMGB1 in the treated group compared to the untreated group (P<0.05). Conclusion This study confirmed that immune-inflammation is a crucial factor in the development of CAD in KTRs.VD deficiency impairs its anti-inflammatory activity. By assisting in the regulation of excessive immune inflammation and restoration of immune homeostasis, effective VD supplementation contributes to protection and maintenance of graft function in KTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Juan Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Mei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Meng Hu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-Gao Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Fei An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan-Lan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Ying Shi
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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29
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Davis GE, Davis MJ, Lowell WE. Triggering multiple sclerosis at conception and early gestation: The variation in ultraviolet radiation is as important as its intensity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16954. [PMID: 37346332 PMCID: PMC10279836 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Medical science needs to further elucidate the role of ultraviolet radiation (UVR), geographic latitude, and the role of vitamin D in the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS). We separated several papers into categories out of the thousands published and used their conclusions to explore the relationship between UVR and MS. Relevance MS is increasing in incidence, particularly in women where MS is two to three times that in men and particularly severe in African Americans. Methods We collected UVR data at our observatory in Central Maine and calculated the average coefficient of variation (CVUVR) for each month for 15 years (2007-2021, inclusive). Results The month of conception (MOC) is more important than the month of birth (MOB) in explaining how UVR triggers the variable genetic predisposition to MS. We hypothesize that the rapidly increasing CVUVR is important in preventing an increase in the activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) from August to December, which then requires a higher intensity of UVR later in life to suppress the immune system, therefore predisposing to more MS. Limitations One observatory at about 44° latitude. Conclusions While variation in UVR is important at the MOC if UVR exceeds a threshold (e.g., if the sunspot number equals or is greater than 90, usually at a solar cycle MAX, or at elevations above approximately 3,000 feet above sea level), the MS mitigating vitamin D-VDR mechanism is overwhelmed and the genotoxic effects of higher-intensity UVR promote MS in those with a genetic predisposition. What is new in this research This paper offers a new concept in MS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E. Davis
- Riverview Psychiatric Center, 250 Arsenal Street, State House Station #11, Augusta, ME, 04333-0011, USA
| | - Matthew J. Davis
- Riverview Psychiatric Center, 250 Arsenal Street, State House Station #11, Augusta, ME, 04333-0011, USA
| | - Walter E. Lowell
- Riverview Psychiatric Center, 250 Arsenal Street, State House Station #11, Augusta, ME, 04333-0011, USA
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Yan L, Xiong Q, Xu Q, Ren P, Li T, Cao H, Shao F. Study on the correlation between mineral bone metabolism and CRP in patients with SHPT during perioperative period. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e828. [PMID: 37102663 PMCID: PMC10091369 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study mainly observes changes in perioperative mineral bone metabolism-related indicators and inflammatory factors in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), and analyzed the correlation between mineral bone metabolism-related indicators and inflammatory factors. METHODS Clinical data were collected. The study detects mineral bone metabolism-related indicators and inflammatory factor of perioperative patients with SHPT before and 4 days after operation. The production of high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in human hepatocytes cells (LO2 cells) stimulated by different concentrations of parathyroid hormone-associated protein was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blot. RESULTS The levels of mineral bone metabolism-related indicators and hs-CRP in SHPT group were significantly higher than those of control group. After operation, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, iPTH, FGF-23 decreased, and the level of osteoblast active biomarkers increased, while the level of osteoclast active biomarkers decreased. The levels of hs-CRP decreased significantly after operation. With the increase of PTHrP concentration, hs-CRP level in supernatant of LO2 cells decreased first and then increased. RT-PCR and western blot shows the same trend. CONCLUSION Parathyroidectomy can significantly improve bone resorption and inflammation in SHPT patients. We speculate that there may be an optimal range of PTH concentrations to minimize inflammation in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
| | - Qiuyue Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
| | - Pengru Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
| | - Tiantian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
| | - Huixia Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and ImmunologyHenan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseZhengzhouChina
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Sharma A. Association of Hs-CRP Levels in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes and it’s Correlation with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Stenosis. INDIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN WOMEN 2023. [DOI: 10.25259/ijcdw_9_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Objectives:
Significant advances have been made toward the development of biomarkers for prognostication of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. One such marker is high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). It is a marker of inflammation mainly used to predict the risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) events. Recent research also supports its role in atherogenesis. It is involved throughout the process of atheromatous plaque development. However, limited information is available about the relationship between levels of hs-CRP levels in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and its association with outcomes. We conducted this study to assess the correlation between the levels of hs-CRP and the coronary angiographic findings in patients presenting with ACS and its correlation with outcomes.
Materials and Methods:
we carried an observational prospective study in patients presenting with ACS admitted to cardiology intensive coronary care unit in a tertiary care hospital. Patients underwent invasive coronary angiogram and serum Hs-CRP levels testing apart from other routine investigations. Correlation between severity of coronary stenosis, Hs-CRP levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at discharge was then assessed using statistical analysis.
Results:
Positive correlation was found between Hs-CRP levels and severity of coronary stenosis. Negative correlation was found between Hs-CRP levels and LVEF at discharge.
Conclusion:
We found that hs-CRP levels correlate well with angiographic severity. It was also observed that higher the hs-CRP levels more the number of vessels involved with patients with the left main + triple vessel disease (TVD) and TVD having maximum scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sharma
- Department of Cardiology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
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Ala-Korpela M. The epidemiological quest for the role of vitamin D turned non-linear-and simply made sense. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1-4. [PMID: 36416418 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ala-Korpela
- Systems Epidemiology, Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland and NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Bussa RM, Mora-Plazas M, Marín C, Villamor E. Vitamin D status and leukocyte telomere length in middle childhood. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:295-297. [PMID: 36347948 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Short telomere length is associated with chronic diseases and decreased lifespan. Vitamin D and its binding protein (DBP) may maintain telomeres through anti-inflammatory actions, yet the role of vitamin D on telomere length is uncertain, especially in children. We assessed the cross-sectional associations of plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and DBP with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in a group of 447 children ages 5-12 years from the Bogotá School Children Cohort. We compared the distribution of age-standardized LTL (z-score) between 25(OH)D categories and between DBP quartiles overall and by sex. Overall, 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with LTL. Nonetheless, among boys, 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L was related to an adjusted 0.36 shorter LTL z-score (95% CI: -0.71, -0.01; P = 0.046) compared with 25(OH)D ≥ 75 nmol/L. There was no association among girls. DBP was not significantly related to LTL. Intervention studies are warranted to determine whether increasing vitamin D status enhances telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Bussa
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | | | - Constanza Marín
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Sun YH, Tian DD, Zhou JM, Ye Q. Association between vitamin D level and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1155004. [PMID: 37168807 PMCID: PMC10164952 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1155004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have reported that the incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is related to vitamin D, but it is still unclear. This study intends to calculate the relationship between pediatric IBD and vitamin D. Methods A comprehensive literature search from inception to January 2023 was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Relevant data were extracted as required and used for subsequent calculations. Results Sixteen papers were included, and there was no significant difference between the average vitamin D level in IBD patients and healthy controls. In addition, the overall pooled results showed that C-reactive protein (CRP) was 2.65 higher before vitamin D supplementation than after supplementation [SMD = 2.65, 95% CI = (2.26, 3.04)]. Moreover, patients with IBD in remission were 0.72 higher before vitamin D supplementation than after supplementation [OR = 0.72, 95% CI = (0.52, 1.00)]. Conclusion This study suggested that there was no obvious relationship between pediatric IBD and vitamin D, while vitamin D supplementation can improve disease activity. Therefore, follow-up still needs many prospective studies to confirm the relationship between pediatric IBD and vitamin D.
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Ceolin C, Papa MV, De Rui M, Devita M, Sergi G, Coin A. Micronutrient Deficiency and Its Potential Role in Delirium Onset in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:785-790. [PMID: 37754219 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES One of the pathogenetic hypotheses of delirium is the "neuroinflammatory theory" with consequent neurotoxicity of brain connectivity networks. Micronutrients may play a significant role in the prevention of neuroinflammation. This systematic review addresses the role of micronutrients in the development of delirium in older populations. METHODS The EBSCO, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles on delirium and micronutrients. The methodological quality of the studies included in the review was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scales for observational studies and for case-control studies. RESULTS 1326 papers were identified from the searches, 7 of which met the inclusion criteria (see section 2.3). All the papers included were written in English. Delirium was predominantly secondary to post-operative dysfunction or acute medical conditions. By altering the production of neurotransmitters resulting in an imbalance, and by reducing their immunomodulatory role with a consequent increase in inflammatory oxidative stress, micronutrient deficiency seems to be associated with an increased incidence of delirium. CONCLUSIONS This review supports the existence of an association between micronutrient deficiency (i.e. cobalamin, thiamine, and vitamin D) and an increased incidence of delirium, with a greater prevalence in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ceolin
- Chiara Ceolin, MD, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy. E-mail:
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Boucher BJ. Vitamin D deficiency in British South Asians, a persistent but avoidable problem associated with many health risks (including rickets, T2DM, CVD, COVID-19 and pregnancy complications): the case for correcting this deficiency. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:e220234. [PMID: 36149836 PMCID: PMC9641767 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High vitamin D deficiency rates, with rickets and osteomalacia, have been common in South Asians (SAs) arriving in Britain since the 1950s with preventable infant deaths from hypocalcaemic status-epilepticus and cardiomyopathy. Vitamin D deficiency increases common SA disorders (type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease), recent trials and non-linear Mendelian randomisation studies having shown deficiency to be causal for both disorders. Ethnic minority, obesity, diabetes and social deprivation are recognised COVID-19 risk factors, but vitamin D deficiency is not, despite convincing mechanistic evidence of it. Adjusting analyses for obesity/ethnicity abolishes vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 risk prediction, but both factors lower serum 25(OH)D specifically. Social deprivation inadequately explains increased ethnic minority COVID-19 risks. SA vitamin D deficiency remains uncorrected after 70 years, official bodies using 'education', 'assimilation' and 'diet' as 'proxies' for ethnic differences and increasing pressures to assimilate. Meanwhile, English rickets was abolished from ~1940 by free 'welfare foods' (meat, milk, eggs, cod liver oil), for all pregnant/nursing mothers and young children (<5 years old). Cod liver oil was withdrawn from antenatal clinics in 1994 (for excessive vitamin A teratogenicity), without alternative provision. The take-up of the 2006 'Healthy-Start' scheme of food-vouchers for low-income families with young children (<3 years old) has been poor, being inaccessible and poorly publicised. COVID-19 pandemic advice for UK adults in 'lockdown' was '400 IU vitamin D/day', inadequate for correcting the deficiency seen winter/summer at 17.5%/5.9% in White, 38.5%/30% in Black and 57.2%/50.8% in SA people in representative UK Biobank subjects when recruited ~14 years ago and remaining similar in 2018. Vitamin D inadequacy worsens many non-skeletal health risks. Not providing vitamin D for preventing SA rickets and osteomalacia continues to be unacceptable, as deficiency-related health risks increase ethnic health disparities, while abolishing vitamin D deficiency would be easier and more cost-effective than correcting any other factor worsening ethnic minority health in Britain.
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Al-Toma A, Herman A, Lems WF, Mulder CJJ. The Dietary and Non-Dietary Management of Osteoporosis in Adult-Onset Celiac Disease: Current Status and Practical Guidance. Nutrients 2022; 14:4554. [PMID: 36364816 PMCID: PMC9654202 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired bone mineral density (BMD) is a frequent complication of adult-onset celiac disease (CeD). This is usually due to malabsorption of nutrients, changes in bone metabolism in association with inflammation, and to a lesser extent, decreased overall physical health and mobility. This review aims to highlight the current status concerning surveillance, prevention, and treatment strategies for bone disease in CeD. A practical guidance on these matters is suggested. The available published research on the prevention and treatment of decreased BMD in relation to CeD is scarce. In general, publications were based on expert opinions or extrapolation from studies on postmenopausal women or inflammatory bowel disease. Optimal dietary treatment and an adequate supply of calcium and vitamin D are the cornerstones for the reduction in fracture risk in patients with CeD. In adults with low BMD or fragility fractures, CeD needs to be considered and specifically approached. When osteoporosis is documented, start treatment with an antiresorptive agent; these agents are proven to result in a long-term reduction in fracture risk in high-risk individuals. However, there are some important differences between the management of male and female patients, particularly premenopausal women, that need to be addressed. In patients with persisting diarrhea and malabsorption, parenteral medications may be preferable. Future research specifically focusing on celiac disease and the associated disorders in bone mineralization is mandatory to provide evidence-based recommendations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbaqi Al-Toma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Amin Herman
- Department of Rheumatology, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Willem F. Lems
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J. J. Mulder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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