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Lee H, Park J, Kwon SH, Jeon JS, Noh H, Kim H. Dietary cholesterol intake is not associated with the development of chronic kidney disease: Results from two Korean cohort studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1198-1206. [PMID: 38218709 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), the relationship between dietary cholesterol and CKD remains unknown. We investigated the association between cholesterol intake and CKD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2019-2021 (n = 13,769) and the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) (n = 9225) data were used for this study. Cholesterol intake was assessed using a 24-h recall food frequency questionnaire, and participants were categorized into three groups (T1, T2, and T3) based on cholesterol intake. Primary outcomes were prevalence and incidence of CKD. Higher cholesterol intake was modestly associated with increased serum levels of total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the KNHANES. However, we found no significant association between cholesterol intake and CKD prevalence in the KNHANES, regardless of a history of hypercholesterolemia. In the KoGES, during a median follow-up of 11.4 years, cholesterol intake was not associated with incident CKD in participants without hypercholesterolemia (hazard ratio [HR] per 10 mg increase, 1.00; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.01) and in those with hypercholesterolemia (HR, 1.01; 95 % CI, 0.98-1.04). Egg consumption also showed no significant association with the risk of incident CKD. Additionally, cholesterol intake had no significant interaction on the relationships between serum cholesterol levels and incident CKD. CONCLUSION Although cholesterol intake was associated with increased serum cholesterol levels, it was not associated with CKD prevalence and incidence. Our findings suggest that reducing cholesterol intake alone may not be sufficient to prevent CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haekyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonbyung Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyo Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Jeon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Noh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungnae Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea.
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Ramel A, Nwaru BI, Lamberg-Allardt C, Thorisdottir B, Bärebring L, Söderlund F, Arnesen EK, Dierkes J, Åkesson A. White meat consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:9543. [PMID: 38187786 PMCID: PMC10770644 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.9543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim was to systematically review the associations among white meat consumption, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Databases MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus were searched (15th October 2021) for randomized intervention trials (RCTs, ≥ 4 weeks of duration) and prospective cohort studies (≥12 month of follow-up) assessing the consumption of white meat as the intervention/exposure. Eligible outcomes for RCTs were cardiometabolic risk factors and for cohorts, fatal and non-fatal CVD and incident T2D. Risk of bias was estimated using the Cochrane's RoB2 and Risk of Bias for Nutrition Observational Studies. Meta-analysis was conducted in case of ≥3 relevant intervention studies or ≥5 cohort studies using random-effects models. The strength of evidence was evaluated using the World Cancer Research Fund's criteria. Results The literature search yielded 5,795 scientific articles, and after screening 43 full-text articles, 23 cohort studies and three intervention studies were included. All included intervention studies matched fat content of intervention and control diets, and none of them showed any significant effects on the selected outcomes of white meat when compared to red meat. Findings from the cohort studies generally did not support any associations between white meat intake and outcomes. Meta-analyses were conducted for CVD mortality (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.87-1.02, P = 0.23, I2 = 25%) and T2D incidence (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.87-1.11, P = 0.81, I2 = 82%). Conclusion The currently available evidence does not indicate a role, beneficial or detrimental, of white meat consumption for CVD and T2D. Future studies investigating potentially different health effects of processed versus unprocessed white meat and substitution of red meat with white meat are warranted.Registration: Prospero registration CRD42022295915.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfons Ramel
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bright I. Nwaru
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Linnea Bärebring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Söderlund
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristoffer Arnesen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jutta Dierkes
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Connolly G, Campbell WW. Poultry Consumption and Human Cardiometabolic Health-Related Outcomes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3550. [PMID: 37630747 PMCID: PMC10459134 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry meats, in particular chicken, have high rates of consumption globally. Poultry is the most consumed type of meat in the United States (US), with chicken being the most common type of poultry consumed. The amounts of chicken and total poultry consumed in the US have more than tripled over the last six decades. This narrative review describes nutritional profiles of commonly consumed chicken/poultry products, consumption trends, and dietary recommendations in the US. Overviews of the scientific literature pertaining to associations between, and effects of consuming chicken/poultry on, body weight and body composition, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are provided. Limited evidence from randomized controlled trials indicates the consumption of lean unprocessed chicken as a primary dietary protein source has either beneficial or neutral effects on body weight and body composition and risk factors for CVD and T2DM. Apparently, zero randomized controlled feeding trials have specifically assessed the effects of consuming processed chicken/poultry on these health outcomes. Evidence from observational studies is less consistent, likely due to confounding factors such as a lack of a description of and distinctions among types of chicken/poultry products, amounts consumed, and cooking and preservation methods. New experimental and observational research on the impacts of consuming chicken/poultry, especially processed versions, on cardiometabolic health is sorely needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wayne W. Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
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4
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Ma W, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wang S, Xie K, Deng S, Wang R, Guo C, Qin P, Wu X, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Hu F. Association of Egg Consumption with Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Nutr 2022; 152:2227-2237. [PMID: 35524693 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported conflicting associations between egg consumption and the risk of all-cause or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, including ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality and stroke mortality. With accumulating evidence, up-to-date evidence about the association should be synthesized. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the association of the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality with egg consumption. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases through 3 November, 2021 for observational studies conducted in participants ≥18 y of age and which provided ORs, RRs, or HRs and 95% CIs for ≥3 egg consumption categories or for increased intake of egg addressing the associations of interest. A random-effects model was used to pool the reported risk estimates. Restricted cubic splines were used to examine the dose-response association. RESULTS Twenty-four articles with 48 reports (25 for all-cause mortality, 11 for CVD mortality, 6 for IHD mortality, and 6 for stroke mortality) involving 11,890,695 participants were included. Intake of each 1-egg/d increment was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10; P = 0.008), but the association was restricted to women, Americans, and studies with adjustments for hyperlipidemia. Egg consumption was linearly associated with CVD mortality only in participants >60 y of age, Americans, studies with follow-up duration ≥15 y, and studies with adjustments for hyperlipidemia (P ≤ 0.018). No significant association was found between egg consumption and IHD or stroke mortality (P ≥ 0.080). CONCLUSIONS Egg consumption was linearly associated with a modestly increased risk of all-cause mortality and, in older participants, Americans, and studies with longer follow-up or adjustments for hyperlipidemia, CVD mortality. These findings suggest that it may be prudent to avoid high egg consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancheng Ma
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Pan
- Department of Comprehensive Ward, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kui Xie
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Deng
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunjiang Guo
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Luohu Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pei Qin
- Department of Medical Record Management, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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Darooghegi Mofrad M, Naghshi S, Lotfi K, Beyene J, Hypponen E, Pirouzi A, Sadeghi O. Egg and Dietary Cholesterol Intake and Risk of All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:878979. [PMID: 35711545 PMCID: PMC9195585 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.878979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies examined the associations between egg and dietary cholesterol intake and the risk of mortality from all causes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar until April 2021, as well as references to the relevant articles retrieved. Random-effects models were used to calculate summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest vs. lowest categories of egg and dietary cholesterol intake. Also, linear and non-linear dose–response analyses were conducted to examine the dose-response relationships. Results We included 55 studies, comprising data from 2,772,486 individuals with 228,425, 71,745, and 67,211 cases of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality, respectively. Intake of each additional egg per day was associated with a 7% higher risk of all-cause (1.07, 95% CI: 1.02–1.12, I2 = 84.8%) and a 13% higher risk of cancer mortality (1.13, 95% CI: 1.06–1.20, I2 = 54.2%), but was not associated with CVD mortality (1.00, 95% CI: 0.92–1.09, I2 = 81.5%). Non-linear analyses showed increased risks for egg consumption of more than 1.5 and 0.5 eggs/day, respectively. Each 100 mg/day increment in dietary cholesterol intake was associated with a 6% higher risk of all-cause mortality (1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.08, I2 = 34.5%) and a 6% higher risk of cancer mortality (1.06, 95% CI: 1.05–1.07, I2 = 0%), but was not associated with CVD mortality (1.04, 95% CI: 0.99–1.10, I2 = 85.9%). Non-linear analyses demonstrated elevated risks of CVD and cancer mortality for intakes more than 450 and 250 mg/day, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance High-dietary intake of eggs and cholesterol was associated with all-cause and cancer mortality. Little evidence for elevated risks was seen for intakes below 0.5 egg/day or 250 mg/day of dietary cholesterol. Our findings should be considered with caution because of small risk estimates and moderate between-study heterogeneity. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=252564, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021252564.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manije Darooghegi Mofrad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Naghshi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elina Hypponen
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Aliyar Pirouzi
- Cellular and Molecular Department, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Shirota M, Watanabe N, Suzuki M, Kobori M. Japanese-Style Diet and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102008. [PMID: 35631146 PMCID: PMC9147868 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis elucidate the effects of the Japanese-style diet and characteristic Japanese foods on the mortality risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), and heart disease (HD). This review article followed the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search in PubMed, The Cochrane Library, JDreamIII, and ICHUSHI Web identified prospective cohort studies on Japanese people published till July 2020. The meta-analysis used a random-effects model, and heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated with I2 statistic and Egger’s test, respectively. Based on inclusion criteria, we extracted 58 articles, including 9 on the Japanese-style diet (n = 469,190) and 49 (n = 2,668,238) on characteristic Japanese foods. With higher adherence to the Japanese-style diet, the pooled risk ratios (RRs) for CVD, stroke, heart disease/ischemic heart disease combined (HD/IHD) mortality were 0.83 (95% CI, 0.77–0.89, I2 = 58%, Egger’s test: p = 0.625, n = 9 studies), 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69–0.93, I2 = 66%, Egger’s test: p = 0.602, n = 6 studies), and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75–0.88, I2 = 0%, Egger’s test: p = 0.544, n = 6 studies), respectively. Increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, green tea, and milk and dairy products decreased the RR for CVD, stroke, or HD mortality. Increased salt consumption elevated the RR for CVD and stroke mortality. Increased consumption of dietary fiber and plant-derived protein decreased the RR for CVD, stroke, and HD/IHD mortality. The Japanese-style diet and characteristic Japanese foods may reduce CVD mortality. Most studies conducted diet surveys between 1980 and the 1990s. This meta-analysis used articles that evaluated the same cohort study by a different method. A new large-scale cohort study matching the current Japanese dietary habits is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shirota
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi 305-8642, Ibaraki, Japan;
| | - Norikazu Watanabe
- Yakujihou Marketing Jimusho Inc., Level 3, Sanno Park Tower, 2-11-1 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-6162, Japan; (N.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Masataka Suzuki
- Yakujihou Marketing Jimusho Inc., Level 3, Sanno Park Tower, 2-11-1 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-6162, Japan; (N.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Masuko Kobori
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi 305-8642, Ibaraki, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-838-8011
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de Medeiros GCBS, Mesquita GXB, Lima SCVC, Silva DFDO, de Azevedo KPM, Pimenta IDSF, de Oliveira AKDSG, Lyra CDO, Martínez DG, Piuvezam G. Associations of the consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat with the incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality, and the dose-response relationship: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8443-8456. [PMID: 35491892 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2058461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the associations of unprocessed red meat and processed meat consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality, and the dose-response relationship. METHODS Published literature was retrieved through a structured search of 10 electronic databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane (CENTRAL), WHOLIS, PAHO and Embase, without language or year of publication restrictions. In addition, we searched the references of published studies. This systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes: The PRISMA Statement. RESULTS Twenty-one prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review. The CVDs evaluated in the inserted studies were stroke, heart failure (HF) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Considering the heterogeneity found in the studies, for the meta-analysis, 9 articles were included. The results presented in the meta-analysis of the association of consumption of unprocessed red meat and CVD indicated that there was a significant association with total stroke incidence (RR 1.10; 95%; CI 1.01 to 1.19; p = 0.02). There was no association with Ischemic stroke incidence, nor CHD Mortality with consumption of unprocessed red meat. However, for Hemorrhagic Stroke Mortality the assessment in the consumption of unprocessed red meat showed an association of protection for women (RR 0.64; 95%; CI 0.45 to 0.91; p = 0.01). As for the results of the meta-analysis of the association between consumption of processed meat and CVD, they indicated that there was a significant association with total stroke incidence (RR 1.17; 95%; CI 1.08 to 1.26; p < 0.0001). There was no association with Ischemic stroke, nor with CHD Mortality with consumption of processed meat. Some studies that showed no association of risk, presented a significant linear trend dose response for the association of the consumption of unprocessed red meat (Bernstein et al. 2010; Nagao et al. 2012) or processed meat (Bernstein et al. 2012) and CVD. CONCLUSION According to the results found in the meta-analysis, the consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat are associated with the incidence of stroke, however, no positive association was observed in relation to mortality from CVD. This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (number: CRD42019100914).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program (PPGSCoL), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | | | - Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - David Franciole de Oliveira Silva
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program (PPGSCoL), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Kesley Pablo Morais de Azevedo
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program (PPGSCoL), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Isac Davidson Santiago Fernandes Pimenta
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program (PPGSCoL), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Ana Katherine da Silveira Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Clélia de Oliveira Lyra
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program (PPGSCoL), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Daniel Guillén Martínez
- Department of Nursing, San Antonio de Murcia Catholic University, Spain
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Grasiela Piuvezam
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program (PPGSCoL), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN , Brasil
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
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Kondo K, Arima H, Fujiyoshi A, Sekikawa A, Kadota A, Hisamatsu T, Torii S, Shiino A, Morino K, Miyagawa N, Segawa H, Watanabe Y, Maegawa H, Nozaki K, Miura K, Ueshima H. Differential Association of Serum n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Various Cerebrovascular Lesions in Japanese Men. Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 51:774-780. [PMID: 35477146 DOI: 10.1159/000524243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between a high intake of marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) with a lower risk of coronary heart disease was previously reported. However, the association between n-3 PUFAs and cerebrovascular lesions remains unclear. We evaluated this association in a general-population-based sample of Japanese men. METHODS Participants were community-dwelling men (40-79 years old) living in Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan. Serum concentrations of n-3 PUFAs, defined as the sum of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, were measured via gas-liquid chromatography between 2006 and 2008. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess cerebrovascular lesions (including intracerebral large-artery stenosis, lacunar infarction, and microbleeds) and white matter lesions between 2012 and 2015. Logistic regression adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors was used to estimate the odds ratio of prevalent cerebrovascular lesions per 1 standard deviation higher serum concentration of n-3 PUFAs. RESULTS Of a total of 739 men, the numbers (crude prevalence in %) of prevalent cerebral large-artery stenoses, lacunar infarctions, microbleeds, and white matter lesions were 222 (30.0), 162 (21.9), 103 (13.9), and 164 (22.2), respectively. A 1 standard deviation higher concentration of n-3 PUFAs (30.5 μmol/L) was independently associated with lower odds of cerebral large-artery stenosis (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 0.80; 95% confidential interval, 0.67-0.97). There were no significant associations of n-3 PUFAs with the other types of lesions. CONCLUSIONS n-3 PUFAs may have protective effects against large-artery stenosis, but not small vessel lesions, in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kondo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Fujiyoshi
- Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akira Sekikawa
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Hisamatsu
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sayuki Torii
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shiino
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Katsutaro Morino
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyagawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Segawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maegawa
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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9
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Ma Z, Wu W, Zhang D, Wu P, Guo Y, Li D, Yang F. Daily intake of up to two eggs for 11 weeks does not affect the cholesterol balance of Chinese young adults. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1081-1092. [PMID: 35432976 PMCID: PMC9007305 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 90% of the cholesterol content of the body is derived from de novo synthesis and the enterohepatic circulation. As numerous studies have shown previously, one egg per day intake has little impact of cholesterol balance in human body. Therefore, this study assumed that intake of up two eggs a day has little effect on biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk in Chinese young adults. With the increase in egg intake, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), and choline all increased among all the groups as the study progressed from autumn to winter (p < .05). However, there were no differences in the plasma triglycerides, LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio, glucose, liver enzymes, C‐reactive protein, and urinary microalbumin during the diet periods. Subjects who ate eggs at breakfast felt less hungry and more satisfied, which were relative with decreased fasting plasma ghrelin level (p < .05). Furthermore, egg‐derived cholesterol appeared to upregulate the mRNA levels of low‐density lipoprotein receptor and lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase, and downregulate cholesteryl ester transfer protein and flavin‐containing monooxygenase 3 mRNA levels in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results demonstrate that intake of up to two eggs a day had little effect on biomarkers of CVDs in young, healthy Chinese college students and provided useful evidence for the dietary guidelines regarding egg consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Ma
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
| | - Dexin Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
| | - Yuanhua Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
| | - Deyuan Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China
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10
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Mousavi SM, Zargarzadeh N, Rigi S, Persad E, Pizarro AB, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B, Willett WC, Esmaillzadeh A. Egg Consumption and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1762-1773. [PMID: 35396834 PMCID: PMC9526855 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between egg consumption and mortality is extremely debatable. This study aimed to investigate the potential dose-response association of egg consumption with risk of mortality from all causes and cause-specific in the general population. The primary comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Embase up to March 2021, as well as reference lists of relevant original papers and key journals. We calculated summary RRs and their 95% CIs for the highest and lowest categories, as well as the linear trend estimation of egg intake, using the random-effects model. Thirty-three (32 publications) cohort studies were included. These studies enrolled 2,216,720 participants and recorded 232,408 deaths from all causes. Comparing highest versus lowest egg intake categories was not associated with the risk of mortality from all causes (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.11; n = 25), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.23, n = 11), coronary heart disease (CHD) (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.16; n = 10), stroke (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.02; n = 9), and respiratory disease (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.53, 1.71; n = 3); however, it was associated with a higher risk of cancer mortality (RR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.39; n = 13). In the linear dose-response analysis, an additional intake of 1 egg per week was associated with a 2% and 4% increased risk of all-cause and cancer mortality, respectively, and a 4% decreased risk of stroke mortality. The certainty of the evidence was rated as low to moderate. Higher egg consumption was not associated with an increased risk of mortality from all causes, CVD, CHD, stroke, or respiratory disease, whereas an elevated risk was observed for cancer mortality. These findings suggest that eggs be consumed in low to moderate amounts (≤1 egg/d) as part of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikan Zargarzadeh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Rigi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emma Persad
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | | | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Walter C Willett
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Wang K, Wang L, Liu L, Zhou P, Mo S, Luo S, Zhang Y, Wang K, Yuan Y, Yin Z, Zhang Y. Longitudinal association of egg intake frequency with cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:908-917. [PMID: 35168825 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Reducing dietary cholesterol is generally acceptable for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Eggs are nutrient-dense and common food items across the world, while rich in cholesterol. The potential effects of egg intake on cardiovascular health remain uncertainty and have been under debate in past decades. METHODS AND RESULTS A nationwide cohort of 20,688 participants aged 16-110 years without CVD at baseline were derived from the China Family Panel Studies. Egg consumption was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We adopted stratified Cox proportional hazards model with random intercepts for provinces to evaluate associations of egg intake with CVD incidence. During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, we identified 2395 total CVD incidence and mean egg consumption was 3 times/week. Egg intakes were associated lower risks of CVD incidence in the multivariate-adjusted model. Compared with the non-consumers, the corresponding HRs (95% confidence interval) for total CVD events were 0.84 (0.74-0.94) for 1-2 times per week, 0.78 (0.69-0.88) for 3-6/week, and 0.83 (0.72-0.95) for ≥7/week. Similar relationships were found in hypertension. Approximately non-linear relationships were observed between egg consumption with total CVD and hypertension incidence, identifying the lowest risk in 3-6 times/week. Subgroup analyses estimated lower risks of total CVD and hypertension in females only, with significant effect modification by sex (P for interaction = 0.008 and 0.020). CONCLUSION Egg consumption may be associated with lower risks of CVD incidence among Chinese adults. Our findings could have implications in CVD prevention and might be considered in the development of dietary guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Nursing, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Nursing, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Linjiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Peixuan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Shaocai Mo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Siqi Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhouxin Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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12
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Lu Y, Matsuyama S, Sugawara Y, Sone T, Tsuji I. Dairy intake and incident functional disability among older Japanese adults: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2627-2637. [PMID: 35246747 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have investigated the association between dairy intake and functional disability, but their results were inconsistent. Our study aimed to investigate whether dairy intake may protect against incident functional disability among Japanese older adults. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal analysis of dairy intake with incident functional disability in a prospective cohort study of 11,911 Japanese individuals aged ≥ 65 years who were followed up for 8.2 years on average. Data on milk, yogurt, and cheese intake were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Total dairy intake was the sum of the daily intake of milk, yogurt, and cheese, which was sex-specifically categorized in quintiles. Data on functional disability were retrieved from the public Long-term Care Insurance database. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for incident functional disability. RESULTS During 97,234 person-years of follow-up, 4874 persons (40.9%) were ascertained as having functional disability. Our study suggested a null association between total dairy intake and incident risk of functional disability; compared to Q1 (the lowest quintile) group, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95%CIs) were 0.96 (0.88-1.05) for Q2, 0.93 (0.85-1.02) for Q3, 0.93 (0.85-1.02) for Q4, and 1.01 (0.92-1.10) for Q5 (p-trend = 0.840). We did not find any associations between milk, yogurt, or cheese intake and incident risk of functional disability. CONCLUSION We found no evidence showing that dairy intake was associated with functional disability among Japanese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Lu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sanae Matsuyama
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yumi Sugawara
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Toshimasa Sone
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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13
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Tanno K, Yonekura Y, Okuda N, Kuribayashi T, Yabe E, Tsubota-Utsugi M, Omama S, Onoda T, Ohsawa M, Ogasawara K, Tanaka F, Asahi K, Itabashi R, Ito S, Ishigaki Y, Takahashi F, Koshiyama M, Sasaki R, Fujimaki D, Takanashi N, Takusari E, Sakata K, Okayama A. Association between Milk Intake and Incident Stroke among Japanese Community Dwellers: The Iwate-KENCO Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113781. [PMID: 34836038 PMCID: PMC8623161 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the association between the milk consumption and incident stroke in a Japanese population, where milk consumption is lower than that of Western countries. In total, 14,121 participants (4253 men and 9868 women) aged 40–69 years, free from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were prospectively followed for 10.7 years. Participants were categorized into four groups according to the milk intake frequency obtained from a brief-type self-administered diet questionnaire. The adjusted HRs of total stroke, ischemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke associated with milk intake frequency were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow-up, 478 stroke cases were detected (208 men and 270 women). Compared to women with a milk intake of <2 cups/week, those with an intake of 7 to <12 cups/week had a significantly low risk of ischemic stroke in a model adjusting CVD risk factors; the HR (95% CI) was 0.53 (0.32–0.88). No significant associations were found in men. This study suggested that milk intake of 7 to <12 cups/week decreased the risk of ischemic stroke in Japanese women. Milk intake of about 1 to <2 cups/day may be effective in the primary prevention of ischemic stroke in a population with low milk intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Tanno
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (M.T.-U.); (D.F.); (N.T.); (E.T.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-19-651-5110
| | - Yuki Yonekura
- Department of Nursing Informatics, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan;
| | - Nagako Okuda
- Department of Health Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan;
| | - Toru Kuribayashi
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan;
| | - En Yabe
- Department of Health Food Sciences, University of Human Arts and Sciences, Saitama 399-8539, Japan;
| | - Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (M.T.-U.); (D.F.); (N.T.); (E.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Shinichi Omama
- Iwate Prefectural Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan;
| | - Toshiyuki Onoda
- Health Care Center, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan;
| | - Masaki Ohsawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morioka Tsunagi Onsen Hospital, Morioka 020-0055, Japan;
| | - Kuniaki Ogasawara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3695, Japan;
| | - Fumitaka Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3695, Japan; (F.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Koichi Asahi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3695, Japan; (F.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Ryo Itabashi
- Stroke Center, Division of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3695, Japan;
| | - Shigeki Ito
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3695, Japan;
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3695, Japan;
| | - Fumiaki Takahashi
- Department of Information Science, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan;
| | | | - Ryohei Sasaki
- Center for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Department of Human Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Fujimaki
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (M.T.-U.); (D.F.); (N.T.); (E.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Nobuyuki Takanashi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (M.T.-U.); (D.F.); (N.T.); (E.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Eri Takusari
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (M.T.-U.); (D.F.); (N.T.); (E.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Kiyomi Sakata
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (M.T.-U.); (D.F.); (N.T.); (E.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Akira Okayama
- The Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan;
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14
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Chen Z, Ahmed M, Ha V, Jefferson K, Malik V, Ribeiro PAB, Zuchinali P, Drouin-Chartier JP. Dairy Product Consumption and Cardiovascular Health: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Adv Nutr 2021; 13:S2161-8313(22)00071-0. [PMID: 34550320 PMCID: PMC8970833 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between dairy product consumption and cardiovascular health remains highly debated. We quantitatively synthesized prospective cohort evidence on the associations between dairy consumption and risk of hypertension (HTN), coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through August 1st, 2020 to retrieve prospective cohort studies that reported on dairy consumption and risk of HTN, CHD or stroke. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the highest vs the lowest category of intake and for 1 serving/day increase in consumption. We rated the quality of evidence using NutriGrade. Fifty-five studies were included. Total dairy consumption was associated with a lower risk of HTN (RR for highest vs lowest level of intake: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95, I2 = 73.5%; RR for 1 serving/day increase: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.97, I2 = 66.5%), CHD (highest vs lowest level of intake: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-1.00, I2 = 46.6%; 1 serving/day increase: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00, I2 = 56.7%), and stroke (highest vs lowest level of intake: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.96, I2 = 60.8%; 1 serving/day increase: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99, I2 = 74.7%). Despite moderate to considerable heterogeneity, these associations remained consistent across multiple subgroups. Evidence on the relationship between total dairy and risk of HTN and CHD were of moderate quality and of low quality for stroke. Low-fat dairy consumption was associated with lower risk of HTN and stroke, and high-fat dairy with a lower risk of stroke. Milk, cheese, or yogurt consumption showed inconsistent associations with the cardiovascular outcomes in high vs. low intake and dose-response meta-analyses. Total dairy consumption was associated with a modestly lower risk of hypertension, CHD and stroke. Moderate to considerable heterogeneity was observed in the estimates and the overall quality of the evidence was low to moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangling Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mavra Ahmed
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa Ha
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Vasanti Malik
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paula A B Ribeiro
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada,Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Priccila Zuchinali
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
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15
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Papp RE, Hasenegger V, Ekmekcioglu C, Schwingshackl L. Association of poultry consumption with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2366-2387. [PMID: 34542332 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1975092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
According to previous cohort studies it is suggested that a high intake of poultry does not adversely affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and analyze the association between dietary poultry intake and the risk for CVDs, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and all-cause mortality (ACM). Twenty-four cohort studies were included, and the results showed a trivial inverse association for the highest vs. lowest intake category between poultry and ACM (risk ratio [RR] = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.98; I2 = 5%). For all other outcomes no association was observed in the high vs. low intake meta-analysis. The results from the primary pooled data for each 100 g/d increase in poultry intake indicated no association for all outcomes. Further, the non-linear dose-response analysis showed some evidence for non-linearity between poultry consumption and risk for CVD and ACM. Additionally, substituting red and/or processed meat with poultry was inversely associated with the risk for ACM, CVDs, CHD and stroke. The certainty of evidence was rated as very low or low. This meta-analysis suggests that based upon the results from the substitution analyses poultry could be a healthier alternative to red and processed meat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Verena Hasenegger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Cem Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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16
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Zhang J, Hayden K, Jackson R, Schutte R. Association of red and processed meat consumption with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in participants with and without obesity: A prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:3643-3649. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Hahn J, Dehghan M, Drouin-Chartier JP, Mentz RJ, Jneid H, Virani SS, Tang WHW, Krittanawong C. Egg Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: a Critical Review. CURRENT EMERGENCY AND HOSPITAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40138-021-00225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Lupoli R, Vitale M, Calabrese I, Giosuè A, Riccardi G, Vaccaro O. White Meat Consumption, All-Cause Mortality, and Cardiovascular Events: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020676. [PMID: 33672599 PMCID: PMC7924043 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of meat consumption with mortality and morbidity for non-communicable diseases has been extensively studied. However, the relation of white meat consumption with health outcomes remains controversial. The present meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively analyze the available evidence on the consistency and strength of the association between the consumption of white meat, death from any cause and incidence of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular (CV) events. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase databases were searched for articles published up to April 30, 2020. We included prospective cohort studies reporting relative risks and pertinent 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause mortality and/or CV events (fatal or non-fatal). A total of 22 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Eleven studies (14 data sets) reported data on all-cause mortality, 10 studies (15 datasets) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 10 studies (11 datasets) on non-fatal CV events. When comparing the highest versus the lowest consumption of white meat, the pooled OR and pertinent 95% CI were 0.94 (0.90, 0.97, p < 0.001) for all-cause mortality, 0.95 (0.89, 1.01, p = 0.13) for CV mortality, and 0.99 (0.95, 1.02, p = 0.48) for non-fatal CV events. In conclusion, the study shows for the first time a robust and inverse association between white meat consumption and all-cause mortality and a neutral association with CV mortality and morbidity. This highlights the importance of differentiating the meat types for what concerns their health effects and suggests that white meat might be a healthier alternative to read and processed meat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lupoli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.L.); (M.V.); (I.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.L.); (M.V.); (I.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Ilaria Calabrese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.L.); (M.V.); (I.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Annalisa Giosuè
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.L.); (M.V.); (I.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.L.); (M.V.); (I.C.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +390817462117; Fax: +390817464736
| | - Olga Vaccaro
- Department of Pharmacy, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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19
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Role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in ischemic stroke - A perspective of specialized pro-resolving mediators. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2974-2987. [PMID: 33509668 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been proposed as beneficial for cardiovascular health. However, results from both epidemiological studies and clinical trials have been inconsistent, whereas most of the animal studies showed promising benefits of PUFAs in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. In recent years, it has become clear that PUFAs are metabolized into various types of bioactive derivatives, including the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). SPMs exert multiple biofunctions, such as to limit excessive inflammatory responses, regulate lipid metabolism and immune cell functions, decrease production of pro-inflammatory factors, increase anti-inflammatory mediators, as well as to promote tissue repair and homeostasis. Inflammation has been recognised as a key contributor to the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke. Owing to their potent pro-resolving actions, SPMs are potential for development of novel anti-stroke therapy. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge of epidemiological studies, basic research and clinical trials concerning PUFAs in stroke prevention and treatment, with special attention to SPMs as the unsung heroes behind PUFAs.
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20
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Naghshi S, Sadeghi O, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. High vs. low-fat dairy and milk differently affects the risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer death: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3598-3612. [PMID: 33397132 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Considerable controversy exists regarding the association between milk and dairy consumption and mortality risk. The present systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies was undertaken to examine the association of high vs. low-fat dairy and milk consumption with mortality. We searched PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases through February 2020 for prospective cohort studies that reported the association between milk and dairy consumption and mortality risk. High-fat milk consumption was significantly associated with a greater risk of all-cause (Pooled ES: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.09-1.20, I2=24.5%, p = 0.22), CVD (Pooled ES: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02-1.16, I2=4.5%, p = 0.38) and cancer mortality (Pooled ES: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08-1.28, I2=30.1%, p = 0.19). However, total dairy consumption was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality (Pooled ES: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88-0.98, I2=59.7%, p = 0.001). Dose-response analysis revealed a significant non-linear association of total dairy consumption with all-cause and CVD mortality. Moreover, high-fat milk consumption was significantly associated with risk of cancer mortality in linear and non-linear dose-response analysis. In conclusion, we found high-fat milk consumption was associated with a higher risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. However, total dairy consumption was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Naghshi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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21
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Saito E, Tang X, Abe SK, Sawada N, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Iso H, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Association between meat intake and mortality due to all-cause and major causes of death in a Japanese population. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244007. [PMID: 33320898 PMCID: PMC7737902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the association between meat intake and mortality due to all-cause and major causes of death using a population-based cohort study in Japan. METHODS 87,507 Japanese aged between 45 and 74 years old at 5-year follow-up study were followed for 14.0 years on average. Associations between meat intake and mortality risk were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS A heavy intake of total meat was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality relative to the lowest quartile intake in men (Q4: HR,1.18; 95%CIs, 1.06-1.31). A higher intake of total meat was associated with a lower risk of stroke mortality in women (Q2: HR, 0.70; 95%CIs, 0.51-0.94, Q3: HR, 0.68; 95%CIs, 0.50-0.95, Q4: HR, 0.66; 95%CIs, 0.44-0.99). A heavy intake of red meat was also associated with all-cause mortality (Q4: HR, 1.13; 95%CIs, 1.02-1.26) and heart disease mortality (Q4: HR, 1.51; 95%CIs, 1.11-2.06) in men but not in women. Heavy intake of chicken was inversely associated with cancer mortality in men. CONCLUSIONS Heavy intakes of total and red meat were associated with an increase in all-cause and heart disease mortality in men, while total meat intake was associated with a lower risk of stroke mortality in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Saito
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaohe Tang
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sarah Krull Abe
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women’s University, Nara-shi, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Egg and egg-sourced cholesterol consumption in relation to mortality: Findings from population-based nationwide cohort. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:3520-3527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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23
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Tang H, Cao Y, Yang X, Zhang Y. Egg Consumption and Stroke Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Front Nutr 2020; 7:153. [PMID: 33015124 PMCID: PMC7506150 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study was performed to systematically quantify the association between egg consumption and stroke risk as inconsistent results have been produced. Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library), previous reviews, meta-analyses, and bibliographies of relevant articles were retrieved from prospective cohort studies published before July 1, 2020. The random-effects model was employed to estimate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A dose-response analysis was also performed when data were available. Results: Sixteen publications involving 24 prospective cohort studies were included in our final meta-analysis. No significant association between egg consumption and stroke risk was identified (RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84–1.01) for the highest vs. the lowest quintiles of egg intake. Subgroup analysis indicated that geographic location significantly modified the effect of egg consumption on stroke risk. Higher egg consumption was attributed to a reduced probability of stroke in Asia (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73–0.94), but not in North America (RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.77–1.16) or Europe (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.91–1.16). Dose-response analysis demonstrated a nearly J-shaped curve between egg consumption and risk of stroke. A decreased risk was observed for the intake of one to four eggs weekly and an increased risk for the intake of more than six eggs weekly. The results were significant at an intake of 10 eggs weekly. Conclusions: The evidence from this meta-analysis showed that a J-shaped association exists between egg consumption and stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuekang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Umesawa M, Yamagishi K, Iso H. Intake of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of diseases in a Japanese population: a narrative review. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:902-920. [PMID: 32939045 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1970s, the potential benefit of fish intake in terms of noncommunicable diseases has been one of the most important themes in disease prevention. Epidemiological studies have revealed the extent to which fish consumption affects the incidence of and mortality from diseases. Meta-analyses summarized the effect of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on noncommunicable diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases in Western countries. However, few reviews have spotlighted the effect of fish intake in East-Asian countries that have high population levels of fish intake such as Japan. We narratively reviewed the epidemiological studies concerned with the associations of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake with risk of noncommunicable diseases, mainly of cardiovascular disease, among Japanese, whose fish intake has been twice or more than that of most Westerners. Overall, fish or long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake may be beneficial for prevention of noncommunicable diseases, especially coronary heart disease and heart failure in Japanese as well as in Westerners. However, the beneficial effects of their intakes seemed to be nonlinear and varied according to disease severity and culture. Studies on other noncommunicable disease were also narratively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Umesawa
- Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan.,Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. .,Ibaraki Western Medical Center, Chikusei, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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25
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Wang C, Yatsuya H, Lin Y, Sasakabe T, Kawai S, Kikuchi S, Iso H, Tamakoshi A. Milk Intake and Stroke Mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study-A Bayesian Survival Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092743. [PMID: 32916842 PMCID: PMC7550994 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to further examine the relationship between milk intake and stroke mortality among the Japanese population. We used data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study (total number of participants = 110,585, age range: 40–79) to estimate the posterior acceleration factors (AF) as well as the hazard ratios (HR) comparing individuals with different milk intake frequencies against those who never consumed milk at the study baseline. These estimations were computed through a series of Bayesian survival models that employed a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation process. In total, 100,000 posterior samples were generated separately through four independent chains after model convergency was confirmed. Posterior probabilites that daily milk consumers had lower hazard or delayed mortality from strokes compared to non-consumers was 99.0% and 78.0% for men and women, respectively. Accordingly, the estimated posterior means of AF and HR for daily milk consumers were 0.88 (95% Credible Interval, CrI: 0.81, 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CrI: 0.69, 0.93) for men and 0.97 (95% CrI: 0.88, 1.10) and 0.95 (95% CrI: 0.80, 1.17) for women. In conclusion, data from the JACC study provided strong evidence that daily milk intake among Japanese men was associated with delayed and lower risk of mortality from stroke especially cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochen Wang
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 480-1195 Aichi, Japan; (Y.L.); (T.S.); (S.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-561-62-3311
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan;
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 480-1195 Aichi, Japan; (Y.L.); (T.S.); (S.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Tae Sasakabe
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 480-1195 Aichi, Japan; (Y.L.); (T.S.); (S.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sayo Kawai
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 480-1195 Aichi, Japan; (Y.L.); (T.S.); (S.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Shogo Kikuchi
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 480-1195 Aichi, Japan; (Y.L.); (T.S.); (S.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University, Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo 002-8501, Japan;
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26
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Godos J, Micek A, Brzostek T, Toledo E, Iacoviello L, Astrup A, Franco OH, Galvano F, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Grosso G. Egg consumption and cardiovascular risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1833-1862. [PMID: 32865658 PMCID: PMC8137614 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality globally and is strongly influenced by dietary risk factors. The aim was to assess the association between egg consumption and risk of CVD risk/mortality, including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and heart failure. Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched through April 2020 for prospective studies. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted the data through standardized methods. Size effects were calculated as summary relative risks (SRRs) in a dose–response fashion through random-effects meta-analyses. Results Thirty-nine studies including nearly 2 million individuals and 85,053 CHD, 25,103 stroke, 7536 heart failure, and 147,124 CVD cases were included. The summary analysis including 17 datasets from 14 studies conducted on CVD (incidence and/or mortality) showed that intake of up to six eggs per week is inversely associated with CVD events, when compared to no consumption [for four eggs per week, SRR = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90; 1.00)]; a decreased risk of CVD incidence was observed for consumption of up to one egg per day [SRR = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89; 0.99)]. The summary analysis for CHD incidence/mortality including 24 datasets from 16 studies showed a decreased risk up to two eggs per week [(SRR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.91; 1.00)]. No associations were retrieved with risk of stroke. The summary analysis for heart failure risk including six datasets from four studies showed that intake of one egg per day was associated with increased risk raising for higher intakes compared to no consumption [for 1 egg per day, SRR = 1.15 (95% CI:1.02; 1.30)]. After considering GRADE criteria for strength of the evidence, it was rated low for all outcomes but stroke, for which it was moderate (yet referring to no risk). Conclusion There is no conclusive evidence on the role of egg in CVD risk, despite the fact that higher quality studies are warranted to obtain stronger evidence for a possible protection of CVD associated with moderate weekly egg consumption compared to no intake; equally, future studies may strengthen the evidence for increased heart failure risk associated with high regular egg consumption. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-020-02345-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Department of Nursing Management and Epidemiology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzostek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Community Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Estefania Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Centre in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Campus, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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27
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Wang XY, Liu FC, Yang XL, Li JX, Cao J, Lu XF, Huang JF, Li Y, Chen JC, Zhao LC, Shen C, Hu DS, Zhao YX, Yu L, Liu XQ, Wu XP, Gu DF. Association of cardiovascular diseases with milk intake among general Chinese adults. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:1144-1154. [PMID: 32433046 PMCID: PMC7249710 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of milk intake with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cause-specific mortality remained controversial and evidence among the Chinese population was limited. We aimed to study the relationship between milk intake and CVDs among general Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 104,957 participants received questionnaire survey. Results of physical examination such as anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests during 2007 to 2008, demographic data and their information on milk intake were collected through standardized questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVD incidence, cause-specific mortality and all-cause mortality related to milk intake. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were applied to examine dose-response associations. RESULTS Among the 91,757 participants with a median follow-up period of 5.8 years, we documented 3877 CVD cases and 4091 all-cause deaths. Compared with participants who never consumed milk, the multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of CVD incidence for 1 to 150 g/day, 151 to 299 g/day, and ≥300 g/day were 0.94 (0.86-1.03) (P > 0.05), 0.77 (0.66-0.89) (P < 0.05), and 0.59 (0.40-0.89) (P < 0.05), respectively; each 100 g increase of daily milk intake was associated with 11% lower risk of CVD incidence (HR, 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85-0.94; P < 0.001), and 11% lower risk of CVD mortality (HR, 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82-0.97; P = 0.008) after adjustment for age, sex, residential area, geographic region, education level, family history of CVD, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity level, body mass index, and healthy diet status (ideal or not). RCS analyses also showed a linear dose-response relationship with CVD (P for overall significance of the curve <0.001; P for non-linearity = 0.979; P for linearity <0.001) and stroke (P for overall significance of the curve = 0.010; P for non-linearity = 0.998; P for linearity = 0.002) incidence, and CVD mortality (P for overall significance of the curve = 0.045; P for non-linearity = 0.768; P for linearity = 0.014) within the current range of daily milk intake. CONCLUSIONS Daily milk intake was associated with lower risk of CVD incidence and mortality in a linear inverse relationship. The findings provide new evidence for dietary recommendations in CVD prevention among Chinese adults and people with similar dietary pattern in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Fang-Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xue-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jian-Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ji-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Lian-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhao
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial People's Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xian-Ping Wu
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Dong-Feng Gu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Xia X, Liu F, Yang X, Li J, Chen J, Liu X, Cao J, Shen C, Yu L, Zhao Y, Wu X, Zhao L, Li Y, Huang J, Lu X, Gu D. Associations of egg consumption with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1317-1327. [PMID: 32170624 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Eggs are nutrient-dense while also loaded with abundant cholesterol, thus making the public hesitant about their consumption. We conducted the study to investigate if egg consumption is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Using the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China, we included 102,136 adults free of CVD and assessed their egg consumption with food-frequency questionnaires. CVD endpoints and all-cause mortality were confirmed during follow-ups by interviewing participants or their proxies and checking hospital records/death certificates. The HRs (95% CIs) were calculated using the cohort-stratified Cox regression models. During 777,163 person-years of follow-up, we identified 4,848 incident CVD and 5,511 deaths. U-shaped associations of egg consumption with incident CVD and all-cause mortality were observed. Compared with consumption of 3-<6/week, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of <1/week and ≥10/week for incident CVD were 1.22 (1.11 to 1.35) and 1.39 (1.28 to 1.52), respectively. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality were 1.29 (1.18 to 1.41) and 1.13 (1.04 to 1.24). Our findings identified that both low and high consumption were associated with increased risk of incident CVD and all-cause mortality, highlighting that moderate egg consumption of 3-<6/week should be recommended for CVD prevention in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jichun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 271016, China
| | - Xianping Wu
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Drouin-Chartier JP, Chen S, Li Y, Schwab AL, Stampfer MJ, Sacks FM, Rosner B, Willett WC, Hu FB, Bhupathiraju SN. Egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: three large prospective US cohort studies, systematic review, and updated meta-analysis. BMJ 2020; 368:m513. [PMID: 32132002 PMCID: PMC7190072 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between egg intake and cardiovascular disease risk among women and men in the United States, and to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. DESIGN Prospective cohort study, and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. SETTING Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1980-2012), NHS II (1991-2013), Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2012). PARTICIPANTS Cohort analyses included 83 349 women from NHS, 90 214 women from NHS II, and 42 055 men from HPFS who were free of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incident cardiovascular disease, which included non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, and stroke. RESULTS Over up to 32 years of follow-up (>5.54 million person years), 14 806 participants with incident cardiovascular disease were identified in the three cohorts. Participants with a higher egg intake had a higher body mass index, were less likely to be treated with statins, and consumed more red meats. Most people consumed between one and less than five eggs per week. In the pooled multivariable analysis, consumption of at least one egg per day was not associated with incident cardiovascular disease risk after adjustment for updated lifestyle and dietary factors associated with egg intake (hazard ratio for at least one egg per day v less than one egg per month 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.82 to 1.05). In the updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies (33 risk estimates, 1 720 108 participants, 139 195 cardiovascular disease events), an increase of one egg per day was not associated with cardiovascular disease risk (pooled relative risk 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.93 to 1.03, I2=62.3%). Results were similar for coronary heart disease (21 risk estimates, 1 411 261 participants, 59 713 coronary heart disease events; 0.96, 0.91 to 1.03, I2=38.2%), and stroke (22 risk estimates, 1 059 315 participants, 53 617 stroke events; 0.99, 0.91 to 1.07, I2=71.5%). In analyses stratified by geographical location (P for interaction=0.07), no association was found between egg consumption and cardiovascular disease risk among US cohorts (1.01, 0.96 to 1.06, I2=30.8%) or European cohorts (1.05, 0.92 to 1.19, I2=64.7%), but an inverse association was seen in Asian cohorts (0.92, 0.85 to 0.99, I2=44.8%). CONCLUSIONS Results from the three cohorts and from the updated meta-analysis show that moderate egg consumption (up to one egg per day) is not associated with cardiovascular disease risk overall, and is associated with potentially lower cardiovascular disease risk in Asian populations. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019129650.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda L Schwab
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank M Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shilpa N Bhupathiraju
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chiu THT, Chang HR, Wang LY, Chang CC, Lin MN, Lin CL. Vegetarian diet and incidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke in 2 cohorts in Taiwan. Neurology 2020; 94:e1112-e1121. [PMID: 32102976 PMCID: PMC7220235 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine how a vegetarian diet affects stroke incidence in 2 prospective cohorts and to explore whether the association is modified by dietary vitamin B12 intake. Methods Participants without stroke in the Tzu Chi Health Study (cohort 1, n = 5,050, recruited in 2007–2009) and the Tzu Chi Vegetarian Study (cohort 2, n = 8,302, recruited in 2005) were followed until the end of 2014. Diet was assessed through food frequency questionnaires in both cohorts at baseline. Stroke events and baseline comorbidities were identified through the National Health Insurance Research Database. A subgroup of 1,528 participants in cohort 1 were assessed for serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate. Associations between vegetarian diet and stroke incidences were estimated by Cox regression with age as time scale, adjusted for sex, education, smoking, alcohol, physical activities, body mass index (only in cohort 1), hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and ischemic heart diseases. Results Vegetarians had lower serum vitamin B12 and higher folate and homocysteine than nonvegetarians. In cohort 1, 54 events occurred in 30,797 person-years follow-up. Vegetarians (vs nonvegetarians) experienced lower risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08–0.88). In cohort 2, 121 events occurred in 76,797 person-years follow-up. Vegetarians (vs nonvegetarians) experienced lower risk of overall stroke (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.33–0.82), ischemic stroke (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19–0.88), and hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 034; 95% CI, 0.12–1.00). Our explorative analysis showed that vitamin B12 intake may modify the association between vegetarian diet and overall stroke (p interaction = 0.046). Conclusion Taiwanese vegetarian diet is associated with a lower risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina H T Chiu
- From the Department of Nutritional Science (T.H.T.C.), Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (H.-R.C.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Medical Research (L.-Y.W.), and Department of Pharmacy (L.-Y.W.), Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; School of Medicine (H.-R.C., C.-L.L.), Tzu Chi University; Department of Medical Research (C.-C.C.), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Departments of Family Medicine (M.-N.L.) and Internal Medicine (C.-L.L.), Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi; and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine (M.-N.L.), Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Ren Chang
- From the Department of Nutritional Science (T.H.T.C.), Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (H.-R.C.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Medical Research (L.-Y.W.), and Department of Pharmacy (L.-Y.W.), Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; School of Medicine (H.-R.C., C.-L.L.), Tzu Chi University; Department of Medical Research (C.-C.C.), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Departments of Family Medicine (M.-N.L.) and Internal Medicine (C.-L.L.), Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi; and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine (M.-N.L.), Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yi Wang
- From the Department of Nutritional Science (T.H.T.C.), Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (H.-R.C.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Medical Research (L.-Y.W.), and Department of Pharmacy (L.-Y.W.), Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; School of Medicine (H.-R.C., C.-L.L.), Tzu Chi University; Department of Medical Research (C.-C.C.), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Departments of Family Medicine (M.-N.L.) and Internal Medicine (C.-L.L.), Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi; and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine (M.-N.L.), Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chang
- From the Department of Nutritional Science (T.H.T.C.), Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (H.-R.C.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Medical Research (L.-Y.W.), and Department of Pharmacy (L.-Y.W.), Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; School of Medicine (H.-R.C., C.-L.L.), Tzu Chi University; Department of Medical Research (C.-C.C.), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Departments of Family Medicine (M.-N.L.) and Internal Medicine (C.-L.L.), Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi; and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine (M.-N.L.), Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Nan Lin
- From the Department of Nutritional Science (T.H.T.C.), Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (H.-R.C.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Medical Research (L.-Y.W.), and Department of Pharmacy (L.-Y.W.), Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; School of Medicine (H.-R.C., C.-L.L.), Tzu Chi University; Department of Medical Research (C.-C.C.), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Departments of Family Medicine (M.-N.L.) and Internal Medicine (C.-L.L.), Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi; and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine (M.-N.L.), Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Lon Lin
- From the Department of Nutritional Science (T.H.T.C.), Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (H.-R.C.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Medical Research (L.-Y.W.), and Department of Pharmacy (L.-Y.W.), Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; School of Medicine (H.-R.C., C.-L.L.), Tzu Chi University; Department of Medical Research (C.-C.C.), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Departments of Family Medicine (M.-N.L.) and Internal Medicine (C.-L.L.), Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi; and Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine (M.-N.L.), Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Grout L, Baker MG, French N, Hales S. A Review of Potential Public Health Impacts Associated With the Global Dairy Sector. GEOHEALTH 2020; 4:e2019GH000213. [PMID: 32159049 PMCID: PMC7017588 DOI: 10.1029/2019gh000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Strong demand for dairy products has led to a global increase in dairy production. In many parts of the world, dairy systems are undergoing rapid intensification. While increased production may contribute to food security, higher dairy stocking rates in some regions have resulted in increased pressure on natural resources with the potential to affect public health and wellbeing. The aim of this review was to identify and describe the potential health harms and benefits associated with dairy production and consumption. Electronic databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched for published literature that investigated human health impacts of dairy production and consumption. Occupational hazards, environmental health impacts, ecosystem health impacts, foodborne hazards, and diet-related chronic diseases were identified as potential public health hazards. Some impacts, notably climate change, extend beyond directly exposed populations. Dairy production and consumption are also associated with important health benefits through the provision of nutrients and economic opportunities. As the global dairy sector increases production, exposure to a range of hazards must be weighed with these benefits. The review of impacts presented here can provide an input into decision making about optimal levels of dairy production and consumption, local land use, and identification and management of specific hazards from this sector. Future research should consider multiple exposure routes, socioeconomic implications, and environmental factors, particularly in regions heavily dependent on dairy farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Grout
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of OtagoWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Michael G. Baker
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of OtagoWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Nigel French
- School of Veterinary Science, Hopkirk Research InstituteMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | - Simon Hales
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of OtagoWellingtonNew Zealand
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Carson JAS, Lichtenstein AH, Anderson CA, Appel LJ, Kris-Etherton PM, Meyer KA, Petersen K, Polonsky T, Van Horn L. Dietary Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2020; 141:e39-e53. [DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The elimination of specific dietary cholesterol target recommendations in recent guidelines has raised questions about its role with respect to cardiovascular disease. This advisory was developed after a review of human studies on the relationship of dietary cholesterol with blood lipids, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease risk to address questions about the relevance of dietary cholesterol guidance for heart health. Evidence from observational studies conducted in several countries generally does not indicate a significant association with cardiovascular disease risk. Although meta-analyses of intervention studies differ in their findings, most associate intakes of cholesterol that exceed current average levels with elevated total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Dietary guidance should focus on healthy dietary patterns (eg, Mediterranean-style and DASH [Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension]–style diets) that are inherently relatively low in cholesterol with typical levels similar to the current US intake. These patterns emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat or fat-free dairy products, lean protein sources, nuts, seeds, and liquid vegetable oils. A recommendation that gives a specific dietary cholesterol target within the context of food-based advice is challenging for clinicians and consumers to implement; hence, guidance focused on dietary patterns is more likely to improve diet quality and to promote cardiovascular health.
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Ueno Y, Miyamoto N, Yamashiro K, Tanaka R, Hattori N. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Stroke Burden. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225549. [PMID: 31703271 PMCID: PMC6888676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major leading cause of death and disability worldwide. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have potent anti-inflammatory effects, reduce platelet aggregation, and regress atherosclerotic plaques. Since the discovery that the Greenland Eskimo population, whose diet is high in marine n-3 PUFAs, have a lower incidence of coronary heart disease than Western populations, numerous epidemiological studies to explore the associations of dietary intakes of fish and n-3 PUFAs with cardiovascular diseases, and large-scale clinical trials to identify the benefits of treatment with n-3 PUFAs have been conducted. In most of these studies the incidence and mortality of stroke were also evaluated mainly as secondary endpoints. Thus, a systematic literature review regarding the association of dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs with stroke in the epidemiological studies and the treatment effects of n-3 PUFAs in the clinical trials was conducted. Moreover, recent experimental studies were also reviewed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of n-3 PUFAs after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3813-3111; Fax: +81-3-5800-0547
| | - Nobukazu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
| | - Kazuo Yamashiro
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Stroke Center and Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
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Tong TYN, Appleby PN, Bradbury KE, Perez-Cornago A, Travis RC, Clarke R, Key TJ. Risks of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in meat eaters, fish eaters, and vegetarians over 18 years of follow-up: results from the prospective EPIC-Oxford study. BMJ 2019; 366:l4897. [PMID: 31484644 PMCID: PMC6724406 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of vegetarianism with risks of ischaemic heart disease and stroke. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING The EPIC-Oxford study, a cohort in the United Kingdom with a large proportion of non-meat eaters, recruited across the country between 1993 and 2001. PARTICIPANTS 48 188 participants with no history of ischaemic heart disease, stroke, or angina (or cardiovascular disease) were classified into three distinct diet groups: meat eaters (participants who consumed meat, regardless of whether they consumed fish, dairy, or eggs; n=24 428), fish eaters (consumed fish but no meat; n=7506), and vegetarians including vegans (n=16 254), based on dietary information collected at baseline, and subsequently around 2010 (n=28 364). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incident cases of ischaemic heart disease and stroke (including ischaemic and haemorrhagic types) identified through record linkage until 2016. RESULTS Over 18.1 years of follow-up, 2820 cases of ischaemic heart disease and 1072 cases of total stroke (519 ischaemic stroke and 300 haemorrhagic stroke) were recorded. After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle confounders, fish eaters and vegetarians had 13% (hazard ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 0.99) and 22% (0.78, 0.70 to 0.87) lower rates of ischaemic heart disease than meat eaters, respectively (P<0.001 for heterogeneity). This difference was equivalent to 10 fewer cases of ischaemic heart disease (95% confidence interval 6.7 to 13.1 fewer) in vegetarians than in meat eaters per 1000 population over 10 years. The associations for ischaemic heart disease were partly attenuated after adjustment for self reported high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and body mass index (hazard ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.81 to 1.00 in vegetarians with all adjustments). By contrast, vegetarians had 20% higher rates of total stroke (hazard ratio 1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.40) than meat eaters, equivalent to three more cases of total stroke (95% confidence interval 0.8 to 5.4 more) per 1000 population over 10 years, mostly due to a higher rate of haemorrhagic stroke. The associations for stroke did not attenuate after further adjustment of disease risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective cohort in the UK, fish eaters and vegetarians had lower rates of ischaemic heart disease than meat eaters, although vegetarians had higher rates of haemorrhagic and total stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Y N Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Paul N Appleby
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Kathryn E Bradbury
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
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Mazidi M, Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Pencina MJ, Banach M. Egg Consumption and Risk of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality: An Individual-Based Cohort Study and Pooling Prospective Studies on Behalf of the Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 38:552-563. [PMID: 31173548 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1534620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, International College, University of Chinese Academy of Science (IC-UCAS), West Beichen Road, Chaoyang, China
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael J. Pencina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
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López-Romero LA, Gamboa-Delgado EM, Herrán OF, Martínez-Contreras LX, Silva-Sierger FA. Consumo de alimentos y ataque cerebrovascular isquémico agudo. Estudio multicéntrico de casos y controles. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v67n2.67014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. La dieta es uno de los factores asociados al ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) con un impacto particular sobre las diferentes poblaciones.Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación entre el consumo de alimentos y el ACV isquémico en una muestra de pacientes adultos en Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos (n=357) y controles (n=348) con casos incidentes de ACV isquémico agudo. El consumo de alimentos fue evaluado mediante un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. Se calculó el odds ratio (OR) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95% mediante modelos de regresión logística.Resultados. Se identificaron 10 alimentos asociados con el ACV isquémico agudo. Según la escala propuesta (número de modelos con asociación significativa), un solo alimento se ubicó en la categoría de evidencia fuerte de asociación (gallina), cuatro en categoría débil (chocolate, harina de trigo, manteca, aguacate) y cinco en la categoría sospechosa (pollo con piel, pollo sin piel, arroz, arracacha, yuca).Conclusiones. El consumo de chocolate de mesa (preparado en leche con una composición de 70% azúcar y 30% cacao), aguacate y pollo sin piel podría sugerir un efecto protector, mientras la alta ingesta de harina de trigo, gallina, manteca, atún en agua, arroz, pollo con piel, arracacha y yuca podría aumentar el riesgo de presentar ACV isquémico agudo.
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Zhao W, Tang H, Yang X, Luo X, Wang X, Shao C, He J. Fish Consumption and Stroke Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:604-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Jayedi A, Zargar MS, Shab-Bidar S. Fish consumption and risk of myocardial infarction: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis suggests a regional difference. Nutr Res 2019; 62:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Qin C, Lv J, Guo Y, Bian Z, Si J, Yang L, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Chen J, Chen Z, Yu C, Li L. Associations of egg consumption with cardiovascular disease in a cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. Heart 2018; 104:1756-1763. [PMID: 29785957 PMCID: PMC6241631 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between egg consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischaemic heart disease (IHD), major coronary events (MCE), haemorrhagic stroke as well as ischaemic stroke. METHODS During 2004-2008, over 0.5 million adults aged 30-79 years were recruited from 10 diverse survey sites in China. Participants were asked about the frequency of egg consumption and were followed up via linkages to multiple registries and active investigation. Among 461 213 participants free of prior cancer, CVD and diabetes, a total of 83 977 CVD incident cases and 9985 CVD deaths were documented, as well as 5103 MCE. Stratified Cox regression was performed to yield adjusted hazard ratios for CVD endpoints associated with egg consumption. RESULTS At baseline, 13.1% of participants reported daily consumption (usual amount 0.76 egg/day) and 9.1% reported never or very rare consumption (usual amount 0.29 egg/day). Compared with non-consumers, daily egg consumption was associated with lower risk of CVD (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.92). Corresponding multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for IHD, MCE, haemorrhagic stroke and ischaemic stroke were 0.88 (0.84 to 0.93), 0.86 (0.76 to 0.97), 0.74 (0.67 to 0.82) and 0.90 (0.85 to 0.95), respectively. There were significant dose-response relationships of egg consumption with morbidity of all CVD endpoints (P for linear trend <0.05). Daily consumers also had an 18% lower risk of CVD death and a 28% lower risk of haemorrhagic stroke death compared to non-consumers. CONCLUSION Among Chinese adults, a moderate level of egg consumption (up to <1 egg/day) was significantly associated with lower risk of CVD, largely independent of other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Si
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Liuyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuyang, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Jili Community Health Service, Liuyang, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Lee YJ, Song S, Song Y. High-Carbohydrate Diets and Food Patterns and Their Associations with Metabolic Disease in the Korean Population. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:834-842. [PMID: 30091316 PMCID: PMC6082982 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.7.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although an Asian diet is typically high in carbohydrate and low in fat, there has been a steady increase in the rate of cardiometabolic disease in Asian countries over the past decade. We evaluated food patterns of a high-carbohydrate diet and examined their associations with metabolic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using data from the 2013-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we included a total of 13106 subjects aged 20 years or older in this study. Diet was divided into seven groups according to the percentage of energy from carbohydrates. Food patterns were evaluated as individual servings per food group. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratios (OR) for metabolic disease. RESULTS The proportions of men and women exceeding the recommended range of carbohydrate intake were 58.0% and 60.0%, respectively. A higher carbohydrate diet was associated with intake of low energy and saturated fats, with more grains and fruit, but less meat, fish, egg, bean (MFEB), and dairy consumption. Carbohydrate intake decreased by 3.0-3.4% per serving of MFEB and milk. In men, the highest carbohydrate group showed an OR of 1.35 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91 to 1.99] for metabolic syndrome, although this failed to show statistical significance. In women, the highest carbohydrate group had an OR of 1.38 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.80) for a reduced level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a very-high-carbohydrate diet for the Korean population is attributable to lower consumption of MFEB and dairy products and is associated with several metabolic risk factors. The appropriate distribution of macronutrients for the prevention and management of metabolic disease should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jung Lee
- Major of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Ecology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - SuJin Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - YoonJu Song
- Major of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Ecology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea.
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Kuang H, Yang F, Zhang Y, Wang T, Chen G. The Impact of Egg Nutrient Composition and Its Consumption on Cholesterol Homeostasis. CHOLESTEROL 2018; 2018:6303810. [PMID: 30210871 PMCID: PMC6126094 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6303810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient deficiencies and excess are involved in many aspects of human health. As a source of essential nutrients, eggs have been used worldwide to support the nutritional needs of human societies. On the other hand, eggs also contain a significant amount of cholesterol, a lipid molecule that has been associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Whether the increase of egg consumption will lead to elevated cholesterol absorption and disruption of cholesterol homeostasis has been a concern of debate for a while. Cholesterol homeostasis is regulated through its dietary intake, endogenous biosynthesis, utilization, and excretion. Recently, some research interests have been paid to the effects of egg consumption on cholesterol homeostasis through the intestinal cholesterol absorption. Nutrient components in eggs such as phospholipids may contribute to this process. The goals of this review are to summarize the recent progress in this area and to discuss some potential benefits of egg consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqian Kuang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tiannan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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Egg consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study and meta-analyses. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:785-796. [PMID: 29680985 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eggs are highly nutritious but concerns over their cholesterol content have led to dietary avoidance among many. There are also important international differences in relevant dietary guidance. We conducted the first prospective study in China investigating the association of egg consumption, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and a meta-analysis. METHODS We included 28,024 participants without CVD at baseline (2003-8) in Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. All-cause and CVD mortality were identified through record linkage. We used Cox proportional hazards regression. We followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines. RESULTS During 275,343 person-years follow-up (average 9.8 years), we found 2685 all-cause and 873 CVD deaths. We found no significant difference in all-cause mortality between higher (7+ eggs/week) and low consumption (< 1 egg/week) [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-1.24], and mortality from CVD (0.99, 95% CI 0.76-1.27), ischemic heart disease (IHD) (0.92, 95% CI 0.63-1.36), or stroke (0.88, 95% CI 0.57-1.35). The updated meta-analyses including our results showed that 7+ eggs/week was not associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.997-1.200) or IHD (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.90-1.05), but associated with a small reduction in stroke (HR 0.91. 95% CI 0.85-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Eating one egg daily is not associated with increase in CVD or all-cause mortality. The small observed reduction in stroke risk needs to be confirmed. Our findings support current guidelines recommending eggs as part of a healthy diet, and should be considered in other dietary recommendations.
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Mohammadi H, Jayedi A, Ghaedi E, Golbidi D, Shab-Bidar S. Dietary poultry intake and the risk of stroke: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2017; 23:25-33. [PMID: 29460808 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We performed a meta-analysis to illuminate and quantify the potential relationship between poultry intake and risk of stroke through summarizing available evidence using a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. METHODS Pertinent prospective cohort studies attained using electronic searches through PubMed, and Scopus up to September 25th, 2017. Relative risks (RR) s with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the highest versus the lowest for cohort studies were evaluated using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models to find combined RRs. We also assessed the dose-response effect of this relationship. RESULTS A total of 7 studies involving 354 718 participants were met inclusion criteria. The pooled RR of total stroke risk was [RR = 0.92 95% CI, 0.82, 1.03, I2 = 19.8%, Pheterogeneity = 0.28] for the highest versus lowest categories of poultry intake. Subgroup analysis showed an inverse associations for the US people [RR = 0.86 95% CI, 0.77, 0.95, I2 = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.38] and women [RR = 0.83, 95% CI, 0.72, 0.93, I2 = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.63]. We did not obtain any significant association in the subtypes of strokes with highest versus lowest poultry intake [Ischemic stroke (RR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.02, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.93), Hemorrhagic (RR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.59, 1.04, I2 = 20.5%, Pheterogeneity = 0.28)]. One serving per week increment in poultry intake was not associated with the risk of stroke (RR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.03, I2 = 69.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.004). Nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis showed lower risk of stroke at consumption ∼1 serving/week. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis revealed that poultry intake is not associated with total stroke risk; furthermore, an inverse relationship in US population and females must be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Cancer, Environmental and Petroleum Pollutant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | | | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Egg consumption, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 72:44-56. [PMID: 28952608 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2017.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Eggs are rich in nutrients and a source of essential fatty- and amino acids, and the food item with highest cholesterol content. Since the 1970s dietary recommendations have advised limiting egg intake to 2-4 a week for the healthy population, and in those diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) an even more restricted consumption. The aim of the present paper was to assess the recommendation to lower the dietary intake of cholesterol and especially the intake of egg to reduce the risk of CVD and T2D. We performed three web-based literature searches on human studies (observational and interventional) published within the past 10 years during spring 2015. High-quality intervention studies have found nonsignificant effects of increasing the consumption of eggs on risk markers for CVD and T2D in healthy subjects and subjects with T2D. The risk associations found in the observational studies are more likely to be attributed to a dietary pattern often accompanying high egg intake and/or the cluster of other risk factors in people with high egg consumption. Dietary patterns, physical activity and genetics affect the predisposition of CVD and T2D more than a single food item as eggs. In conclusion, up to seven eggs per week can safely be consumed, but in patients with established CVD or T2D only with special emphasis on a healthy lifestyle.
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Echeverría F, Valenzuela R, Catalina Hernandez-Rodas M, Valenzuela A. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a fundamental fatty acid for the brain: New dietary sources. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 124:1-10. [PMID: 28870371 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (C22: 6n-3, DHA) is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid of marine origin fundamental for the formation and function of the nervous system, particularly the brain and the retina of humans. It has been proposed a remarkable role of DHA during human evolution, mainly on the growth and development of the brain. Currently, DHA is considered a critical nutrient during pregnancy and breastfeeding due their active participation in the development of the nervous system in early life. DHA and specifically one of its derivatives known as neuroprotectin D-1 (NPD-1), has neuroprotective properties against brain aging, neurodegenerative diseases and injury caused after brain ischemia-reperfusion episodes. This paper discusses the importance of DHA in the human brain given its relevance in the development of the tissue and as neuroprotective agent. It is also included a critical view about the ways to supply this noble fatty acid to the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Alfonso Valenzuela
- Lipid Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile and Faculty of Medicine,, University de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Kim K, Hyeon J, Lee SA, Kwon SO, Lee H, Keum N, Lee JK, Park SM. Role of Total, Red, Processed, and White Meat Consumption in Stroke Incidence and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.005983. [PMID: 28855166 PMCID: PMC5634267 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous meta‐analyses on meat intake and risk of stroke did not report the effect of white meat (poultry meat, excluding fish) and did not examine stroke incidence and mortality separately. We aimed to investigate the relationship of total (red and processed meat), red (unprocessed or fresh red meat), and processed (processed red meat) consumption along with white meat on risk of stroke incidence and mortality. Methods and Results Articles were identified from databases and reference lists of relevant studies up to October 28, 2016. We selected prospective cohort studies on meat consumption specified by types of meat and stroke incidence and mortality reporting relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. The pooled relative risk was estimated using the random‐effects model. Based on the inclusion criteria, 10 articles containing 15 studies (5 articles with 7 studies including 9522 cases of stroke incidence and 254 742 participants and 5 articles with 8 studies containing 12 999 cases of stroke mortality and 487 150 participants) were selected for quantitative synthesis. The pooled relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for total, red, processed and white meat consumption and total stroke incidence were 1.18 (1.09–1.28), 1.11 (1.03–1.20), 1.17 (1.08–1.25), and 0.87 (0.78–0.97), respectively. Total meat consumption (0.97 [0.85–1.11]) and red meat consumption 0.87 (0.64–1.18) were not significantly associated with stroke‐related death. Conclusions The relationship between meat intake and risk of stroke may differ by type of meat. Recommendations for replacing proportions of red and processed meats to white meat for the prevention of stroke may be considered in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuwoong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghyeon Hyeon
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Sung Ok Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Healthcare Technology Development, Bureau of Health Industry, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Sejong-si, Korea
| | - NaNa Keum
- Department of Nutrition, T.H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Dominguez LJ, Bes-Rastrollo M, Basterra-Gortari FJ, Gea A, Barbagallo M, Martínez-González MA. Should we recommend reductions in saturated fat intake or in red/processed meat consumption? The SUN prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1389-1398. [PMID: 28669669 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS While most studies have shown increased mortality associated with excessive red/processed meat consumption, the association of saturated fatty acids (SFA) intake with mortality is less homogeneous. We aimed to prospectively assess the association of both, meat consumption (red, processed, red + processed, and total) and SFA intake, with the risk of all-cause death. METHODS We assessed 18,540 participants of the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) cohort, followed-up for a mean of 9.5 years. A validated 136-item FFQ was administered at baseline. We used Cox models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS We observed 255 deaths during 176,916 person-years of follow-up. Age modified the association between meat consumption and all-cause mortality (p for interaction = 0.027, 0.075, and 0.013, for red, total, and processed meat, respectively). Among participants aged >45 years the fully-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for one additional serving/d of red, total, and red + processed meat consumption were 1.47 (1.06, 2.04), 1.23 (1.05, 1.45), and 1.32 (1.05, 1.65), respectively, with significant linear trends (P for trend 0.022, 0.012, and 0.018, respectively). In these participants, SFA intake was non-significantly associated with mortality. However, isocaloric replacement of monounsaturated fat or carbohydrates by SFA resulted in significantly higher mortality risk. Likewise, replacing 100 g of vegetables, fruits & nuts or cereals by 100 g of red meat resulted in higher mortality risk. No association of meat consumption or SFA with all-cause mortality was observed in participants younger than 46 years. CONCLUSIONS Among highly educated persons, aged >45 years, a high consumption of red, total, and red + processed meat was related to increased all-cause mortality, compared with those with low consumption, whereas no significant associations were found for SFA intake. Dietary guidelines should specifically limit meat consumption and not relying only in limiting SFA intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Basterra-Gortari
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), Hospital Reina Sofia, Osasunbidea-IDISNA, Tudela, Spain
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Fallah-Moshkani R, Saadatnia M, Shakeri F, Keshteli AH, Saneei P, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. A case-control study on egg consumption and risk of stroke among Iranian population. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2017; 36:28. [PMID: 28583161 PMCID: PMC5460545 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-017-0104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most available data that linked intake of egg to risk of stroke came from western countries, with conflicting findings. We aimed to examine the association between egg consumption and risk of stroke among Iranian adults. METHODS In a hospital-based case-control study, 195 stroke patients, hospitalized in Alzahra University Hospital, were selected as cases and 195 control subjects, from patients hospitalized in other wards with no history of cerebrovascular diseases or neurologic disorders, were recruited. A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess participants' usual dietary intake, including egg consumption, over the previous year. Other required information was gathered by the use of questionnaires. RESULTS Consumption of eggs was associated with lower odds of stroke, such that after adjustment for potential confounders, those in the highest category of egg intake (>2 eggs/week) were 77% lower odds to have stroke, compared with those with the lowest category of egg intake (<1 egg/week) (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.11-0.45). Further controlling for body mass index strengthened the association (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.09-0.41). CONCLUSIONS We found evidence indicating that high intake of eggs (>2 eggs/week) during the past 1 year was associated with a lower risk of stroke. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohallah Fallah-Moshkani
- Students' Research Committee, Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saadatnia
- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Forough Shakeri
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Students' Research Committee, Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Park K, Son J, Jang J, Kang R, Chung HK, Lee KW, Lee SM, Lim H, Shin MJ. Unprocessed Meat Consumption and Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in Korean Adults: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050498. [PMID: 28505126 PMCID: PMC5452228 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat consumption has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Western societies; however, epidemiological data are limited on the Korean population. Therefore, we examined the associations between unprocessed meat consumption and CVD incidence in Korea. Data were derived from the Ansung-Ansan cohort (2001-2012), including 9370 adults (40-69 years) without CVD or cancer at baseline. Total unprocessed meat consumption was estimated as the sum of unprocessed red meat (beef, pork, and organ meat) and poultry consumption. In the fully adjusted Cox regression model, the relative risks of CVD across increasing quintiles of total unprocessed meat intake were 1.0 (reference), 0.72 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55, 0.95), 0.57 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.78), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.95), and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.97), but no significant linear trend was detected (p for trend = 0.14). Frequent poultry consumption was significantly associated with a decreased CVD risk; this association showed a dose-response relationship (p for trend = 0.04). This study showed that a moderate intake of total unprocessed meat was inversely associated with CVD risk. A significant inverse association between poultry consumption and incident CVD was observed in Korean adults, requiring further confirmation in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
| | - Jakyung Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
| | - Jiyoung Jang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
| | - Ryungwoo Kang
- Korea National Enterprise for Clinical Trials, Seoul 04143, Korea.
| | - Hye-Kyung Chung
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea.
| | - Kyong Won Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, Korea.
| | - Hyunjung Lim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea.
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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50
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Ozawa M, Yoshida D, Hata J, Ohara T, Mukai N, Shibata M, Uchida K, Nagata M, Kitazono T, Kiyohara Y, Ninomiya T. Dietary Protein Intake and Stroke Risk in a General Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study. Stroke 2017; 48:1478-1486. [PMID: 28487340 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.016059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The influence of dietary protein intake on stroke risk is an area of interest. We investigated the association between dietary protein intake and stroke risk in Japanese, considering sources of protein. METHODS A total of 2400 subjects aged 40 to 79 years were followed up for 19 years. Dietary protein intake was estimated using a 70-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The risk estimates for incident stroke and its subtypes were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS During the follow-up, 254 participants experienced stroke events; of these, 172 had ischemic stroke, and 58 had intracerebral hemorrhage. Higher total protein intake was significantly associated with lower risks of stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (both P for trend <0.05). With regard to sources of protein, the risks of total stroke and ischemic stroke significantly decreased by 40% (95% confidence interval, 12%-59%) and 40% (5%-62%), respectively, in subjects with the highest quartile of vegetable protein intake compared with those with the lowest one. In contrast, subjects with the highest quartile of animal protein intake had a 53% (4%-77%) lower risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. Vegetable protein intake was positively correlated with intakes of soybean products, vegetable, and algae, whereas animal protein intake was positively correlated with intakes of fish, meat, eggs, and milk/dairy products. Both types of protein intakes were negatively correlated with intakes of rice and alcohol. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary protein intake is associated with a reduced risk of stroke in the general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Ozawa
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Jun Hata
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Tomoyuki Ohara
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Naoko Mukai
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Mao Shibata
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Kazuhiro Uchida
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Masashi Nagata
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Yutaka Kiyohara
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.)
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (M.O., D.Y., J.H., T.O., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Center for Cohort Studies (D.Y., J.H., N.M., M.S., T.N.), Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (J.H., N.M., T.K.), and Department of Neuropsychiatry (T.O.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.U.); Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co, Ltd, Odawara, Japan (M.N.); and Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.K.).
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