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Sun L, Zhu M, Shi J, Mi K, Ma W, Xu X, Wang H, Pan Y, Tao Y, Liu Z, Huang L. Excretion and Residual Concentration Correlations of Salbutamol Between Edible Tissues and Living Samples in Pigs and Goats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:754876. [PMID: 34899308 PMCID: PMC8655863 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.754876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Illegal use of salbutamol (SAL), a β-adrenergic leanness-enhancing agent, has posed potential threat to human health in China. The excretion and depletion of SAL in pigs and goats were investigated, and the concentration correlations between edible tissues and living samples were analyzed to find out a suitable living sample for pre-slaughter monitoring of SAL in pigs and goats. After a single oral dosage of 1.2 mg/kg SAL, approximately 70% of the dose was excreted by pigs and goats from their excreta. When pigs and goats were supplied feed containing SAL (20 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days, high concentrations of SAL were observed in the liver and kidneys, and the longest persistence was observed in hair. Unlike pigs, SAL was presented primarily as conjugated SAL in goats. Excellent concentration correlations of SAL were observed between urine and edible tissues both in pigs and goats, and in addition, good correlations also were found between hair and edible tissues in pigs and between feces and edible tissues in goats. Hence, urine and hair could accurately predict SAL concentrations in edible tissues of pigs, whereas feces and urine were satisfactory for predicting SAL concentrations in edible tissues of goats. These data make it possible for pre-slaughter monitoring of SAL residues in the edible tissues of pigs and goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minjuan Zhu
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingfei Shi
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Mi
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyue Xu
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfei Tao
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Wuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Möller R, Nürnberg G, Albrecht E, Ruth W, Brockmann GA, Dannenberger D. A Method for Analyzing Fatty Acids in Cattle Hair, with Special Emphasis on Lauric Acid and Myristic Acid. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Möller
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer‐Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin 10099 Germany
| | - Gerd Nürnberg
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology Dummerstorf 18196 Germany
| | - Elke Albrecht
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology Dummerstorf 18196 Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ruth
- Institute of Chemistry Rostock University Rostock 18059 Germany
| | - Gudrun A. Brockmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer‐Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin 10099 Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology Dummerstorf 18196 Germany
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Liu J, Tang C, Long R, Zhang K, Han Y, Zhao Q, Wang H, Zhao F, Meng Q, Zhang J. The use of hair as a long-term indicator of low-dose β 2 agonist treatments in cattle: Implications for growth-promoting purposes monitoring. Drug Test Anal 2018; 11:745-751. [PMID: 30474322 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using hair as a long-term indicator of cocktail (low-dose β2 agonists) treatments in cattle. Six male Simmental cattle were treated with a mixture of low-dose clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol at dosages of 5.3, 223.3, and 50.0 μg/kg, respectively. The trial lasted for 112 days and included 28 days of treatment and 84 days of withdrawal. Plasma and urine samples taken during the treatment period contained the highest residues, with maximum concentrations of clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol in plasma of 1.49 ng/mL (Day 21), 43.78 (Day 14) ng/mL, and 8.07 ng/mL (Day 7), respectively, and in urine of 62.40 ng/mL (Day 28), 3995.77 ng/mL (Day 28), and 503.72 ng/mL (Day 1), respectively. On day 42 of withdrawal, the residues of all three β2 agonists in plasma were below the limit of quantification (LOQ; 0.3 ng/mL for clenbuterol, and 0.5 ng/mL for ractopamine and salbutamol), and in urine samples were below or near the LOQ (the highest being ractopamine at 1.10 ng/mL). The highest concentrations of clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol in hair were 88.36, 1351.92, and 100.58 ng/g, respectively, on day 14 of withdrawal; and the residues were long-lasting, with 7.64, 28.55, and 8.77 ng/g, respectively, on day 84 of withdrawal. The results of this study demonstrate that hair could be utilized as a long-term indicator of the use of a combination of low-dose β2 agonists in cattle, which could have implications for growth-promoting purposes monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijun Long
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Institution of Animal Science, Academy of Land Reclamation Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fuzhong Zhao
- Institution of Animal Science, Academy of Land Reclamation Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Multiclass screening method to detect more than fifty banned substances in bovine bile and urine. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1032:56-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yang Y, Gu X, Dong Y, Li J, Ni H, Xue M, Zhao Z, Sun Z, Qin Y. Determination of Salbutamol Residues in Goat Various Tissues After Exposure to Growth-promoting Doses. J Anal Toxicol 2018; 42:55-62. [PMID: 28977466 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to monitor salbutamol (SAL) use in goats as a repartitioning, we determined SAL residues in various tissues of goats after repeated oral SAL administration at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg daily for 21 days. SAL concentrations were measured by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in extracts of tissues from goats sacrificed 0.25, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the last dose. Our results showed that on Day 0.25 of the withdrawal period, the residual proportions of SAL (expressed as percentage) in liver, kidney, lung, hair, stomachs and muscle were 19.5%, 15.3%, 3.3%, 9.6%, 28.2% and 0.8%, respectively. As the withdrawal time increased, the SAL concentrations in most tissues (except hair) decreased rapidly over the first 3 days and more slowly in the following 25 days. After a 28-day withdrawal period, hair, lung, muscle, liver, fat, eyes, rumen, kidney and abomasum still contained ~32.3%, 15.3%, 7.1%, 6.5%, 5.6%, 1.5%, 0.8% and 0.5% compared to the initial residual concentrations determined on Day 0.25, respectively. On withdrawal Day 28, the highest concentrations of SAL were found in hair (16.58 ± 9.48 μg/kg), followed by liver (7.01 ± 0.94 μg/kg), lung (2.81 ± 1.23 μg/kg), kidney (0.64 ± 0.56 μg/kg), whereas the concentrations in other tissues were lower than limit of quantification (0.50 μg/kg). SAL residues were not detected in bile, plasma and brain on Days 7, 7 and 3 after discontinuation of dosing. These findings indicated that the distribution and depletion rates of SAL differed between tissues. It should be noted that SAL residues in stomach were higher than those in muscles during the early withdrawal. We conclude that hair is the preferred tissue to monitor the administration of SAL to living goats, whereas liver can be used to monitor SAL in the carcass for determination of compliance with food safety regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12, Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.,Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 12 Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xu Gu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12, Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yingchao Dong
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12, Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Junguo Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12, Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Haiqiu Ni
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12, Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Moyong Xue
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 12 Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12, Zhongguancunnan South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Beijing Institute of Feed Control, No. 15, Beiyuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 110000, PR China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, PR China
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Zhang K, Tang C, Meng Q, Du W, Bo T, Zhao Q, Liang X, Liu S, Zhang Z, Zhang J. Residues of Salbutamol and Identification of Its Metabolites in Beef Cattle. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2867-2875. [PMID: 28322048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Salbutamol, a selective β2-agonist, endangers the safety of animal products because of its illegal use in food animals. In this work, residues of salbutamol and its metabolites were investigated to select appropriate targets and marker residues for monitoring the illegal use of salbutamol. Ten metabolites of salbutamol were identified from plasma, urine, liver, and kidney samples; of these, six were newly identified. There were significant differences (P < 0.01) between the parent (nonconjugated) and total (conjugated + nonconjugated) salbutamol concentrations in plasma, urine, liver, and kidney tissues. Salbutamol residues in urine were relatively higher than those in plasma and other internal tissues during the dosing period and were rapidly eliminated from plasma, heart, spleen, and kidney tissues during the withdrawal time. Total salbutamol was identified as more preferable than parent salbutamol as a marker residue, and urine and eye tissues were found to be more suitable as targets for preslaughter and postslaughter monitoring of the illegal use of salbutamol in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Du
- Agilent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd. , Beijing 100102, China
| | - Tao Bo
- Agilent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd. , Beijing 100102, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Liang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shengsheng Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhixu Zhang
- Agilent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd. , Beijing 100102, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, China
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