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Romero MB, Polizzi PS, Chiodi L, Dolagaratz A, Gerpe M. Legacy and emerging contaminants in marine mammals from Argentina. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167561. [PMID: 37802361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Marine mammals are recognized sentinels of ecosystem health. They are susceptible to the accumulation and biomagnification of pollutants, which constitute one of the greatest threats to their survival. Legacy, such as organochlorine pesticides, and emerging contaminants, like microplastics and pharmaceuticals, may have effects on marine mammals' health at individual and population levels. Therefore, the evaluation of the risks associated with pollutants in this group is of great importance. The aim of this review is to provide information on the occurrence of legacy and emerging contaminants in marine mammals that inhabit Argentine waters. Also, to identify knowledge gaps and suggest best practices for future research. Reports of legacy contaminants referring to organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls were found in five species of cetaceans and two of pinnipeds. With respect to emerging pollutants, the presence of plastics was only evaluated in three species. Reported data was from at least a decade ago. Therefore, it is necessary to update existing information and conduct continuous monitoring to assess temporary trends in pollutants. All the studies were carried out in the province of Buenos Aires and Northern Patagonia indicating a knowledge gap in the southern zone of the Argentine Sea. In addition, pollutants of global environmental concern that have not been studied in Argentina are discussed. Future studies should fill these gaps and a greater effort to understand the relationships between pollutants and their effects on marine mammals is suggested. This issue will make it possible to determine thresholds for all the substances and species evaluated in order to carry out more detailed risk assessments and make decisions for the conservation of marine mammals in Argentine waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Romero
- Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, CC7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - P S Polizzi
- Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, CC7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - L Chiodi
- Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, CC7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - A Dolagaratz
- Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, CC7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - M Gerpe
- Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, CC7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
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2
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Phylogeography of the Endangered Franciscana Dolphin: Timing and Geological Setting of the Evolution of Populations. J MAMM EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-022-09607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Pratt EAL, Beheregaray LB, Bilgmann K, Zanardo N, Diaz-Aguirre F, Brauer C, Sandoval-Castillo J, Möller LM. Seascape genomics of coastal bottlenose dolphins along strong gradients of temperature and salinity. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:2223-2241. [PMID: 35146819 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous seascapes and strong environmental gradients in coastal waters are expected to influence adaptive divergence, particularly in species with large population sizes where selection is expected to be highly efficient. However, these influences might also extend to species characterized by strong social structure, natal philopatry and small home ranges. We implemented a seascape genomic study to test this hypothesis in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) distributed along the environmentally heterogeneous coast of southern Australia. The datasets included oceanographic and environmental variables thought to be good predictors of local adaptation in dolphins and 8,081 filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped for individuals sampled from seven different bioregions. From a neutral perspective, population structure and connectivity of the dolphins were generally influenced by habitat type and social structuring. Genotype-environment association analysis identified 241 candidate adaptive loci and revealed that sea surface temperature and salinity gradients influenced adaptive divergence in these animals at both large- (1,000s km) and fine-scales (<100 km). Enrichment analysis and annotation of candidate genes revealed functions related to sodium-activated ion transport, kidney development, adipogenesis and thermogenesis. The findings of spatial adaptive divergence and inferences of putative physiological adaptations challenge previous suggestions that marine megafauna is most likely to be affected by environmental and climatic changes via indirect, trophic effects. Our work contributes to conservation management of coastal bottlenose dolphins subjected to anthropogenic disturbance and to efforts of clarifying how seascape heterogeneity influences adaptive diversity and evolution in small cetaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A L Pratt
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.,Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luciano B Beheregaray
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kerstin Bilgmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 2109, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nikki Zanardo
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.,Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Environment and Water, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Fernando Diaz-Aguirre
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.,Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chris Brauer
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan Sandoval-Castillo
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luciana M Möller
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.,Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
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4
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Cunha HA, Dos Santos TEC, Alvarenga LC, Cavaleiro NP, Cremer MJ, Colósio A, Barbosa LA, Lazoski C. Microsatellite markers for the endangered franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei). Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3011-3016. [PMID: 33725282 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) is the most threatened small cetacean in the South Atlantic. In this study we report the development of 13 microsatellite markers for franciscanas through next-generation sequencing, and the characterization of those loci in 38 samples from the species' northernmost population (Espírito Santo, Brazil). Besides providing diversity indices for the new, specific loci, we also report on the transferability of heterologous loci which had not been screened in franciscanas before, and review all loci used in previous studies. Expected heterozygosity in the new loci ranged between 0.107 and 0.595, and all but one were in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. These are the first microsatellite loci isolated from franciscanas, and they are an important addition to heterologous markers that were available previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydée A Cunha
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Teresa E C Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luísa C Alvarenga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia P Cavaleiro
- Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Marta J Cremer
- Universidade da Região de Joinville, São Francisco do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristiano Lazoski
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Genômica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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5
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Gravena W, Hrbek T, da Silva VMF, Farias IP. Boto ( Inia geoffrensis-Cetacea: Iniidae) aggregations in two provisioning sites in the lower Negro River-Amazonas, Brazil: are they related? PeerJ 2019; 7:e6692. [PMID: 31024759 PMCID: PMC6475133 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Negro River currently has seven floating houses where tourists can feed and interact with botos, each with its own history of how these aggregations were formed. Some keepers say these groups are familial, even reporting individuals being born into the group. However, behavioral studies have shown that botos are solitary, only forming groups at feeding areas and during the mating season. In the present study we used 12 microsatellite and molecular sex markers to characterize relationships within and between two boto aggregations (ten and seven botos each) in the lower Negro River. Molecular sexing revealed that all botos sampled from both aggregations were males. This may be explained by habitat preference, as male botos are primarily found in the main channels of large rivers, whereas females prefer more protected areas, such as flooded forests and its channels and lakes. Most of the animals were unrelated within each aggregation, demonstrating that these aggregations are not normally formed due to kinship bonds, but are exclusively for feeding, as botos learn that these places provide easy access to food. This study provides important information that helps us understand how human interaction is affecting the social structure and behavior of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska Gravena
- Instituto de Saúde e Biotecnologia (ISB), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Coari, Amazonas, Brazil
- Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LMA), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LMA), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Izeni Pires Farias
- Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Artecona F, De María M, Bergamino L, Szteren D. A historical perspective of niche differentiation between two top predators in the Uruguayan coastal area. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/wr17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
As top predators, marine mammals play a key role consuming in different trophic levels and the trophic niche characterization may help to understand how species utilize and share resources . On the coast of the Río de la Plata and the South-west Atlantic, the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) and the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) are two important predators.
Aims
The present study investigated potential trophic overlap of both species by measuring stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes over two periods: historical (1959–79) and recent (2002–15) on the Uruguayan coast.
Methods
Bone samples of P. blainvillei and O. flavescens were used to determine the isotopic niche using the Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipses in R (SIBER) analysis.
Key results
The isotopic niche did not overlap between species in any period. δ15N was higher in O. flavescens in both periods (20.29‰±0.73 in the historical and 19.95‰±1.0 in the recent period), indicating that it feeds at a higher trophic level than P. blainvillei. The δ13C was also significantly higher in O. flavescens than in P. blainvillei during the two periods (O. flavescens: –11.43±0.6‰ historic, –12.72±0.4‰ recent, and P. blainvillei: –12.69±1.1‰ historic, –13.84±1.3‰ recent). The isotopic niche areas of P. blainvillei in recent and historic periods confirmed they forage in 2 distinct environments, marine and estuarine, with low isotopic overlap. This overlap was higher in the recent period.
Conclusions and Implications
O. flavescens and both P. blainvillei groups were segregated in both periods, with a higher overlap in the recent. These species appear to reduce competition by using different resources in the same coastal habitat. O. flavescens preferentially feeds on benthic fish and showed wider trophic amplitude in both periods, whereas P. blainvillei has a more coastal–pelagic diet and included a greater variability of resources in its diet. The differences between species trophic niches can still be detected after both marine mammals species abundance has declined and after the development of fisheries.
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Reggente MALV, Papale E, McGinty N, Eddy L, de Lucia GA, Bertulli CG. Social relationships and death-related behaviour in aquatic mammals: a systematic review. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:20170260. [PMID: 30012746 PMCID: PMC6053979 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Some aquatic mammals appear to care for their dead, whereas others abandon their live offspring when conditions are unfavourable. This incredible variety in behaviours suggests the importance of comparing and contrasting mechanisms driving death-related behaviours among these species. We reviewed 106 cases of aquatic mammals (81 cetaceans and 25 non-cetaceans) reacting to a death event, and extrapolated 'participant' (age class, sex, relationship and decomposition) and 'social' characteristics (escorting, calf dependence, alloparental care, herding and dispersal patterns) from published and unpublished literature. A multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was performed to explore the relationships between these characteristics and death-related behaviours, with species clustered based on MCA scores. Results showed that both cetaceans and non-cetaceans react to death but in different ways. Non-cetaceans, characterized by a short maternal investment, were observed to protect the dead (defending it from external attacks), while cetaceans spent much longer with their offspring and display carrying (hauling, spinning, mouthing with the carcass and diving with it) and breathing-related (lifting and sinking the carcass) activities with the dead generally in association with other conspecifics. Our work emphasizes the need of increased documentation of death-related cases around the world to improve our understanding of aquatic mammals and their responses to death.This article is part of the theme issue 'Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A L V Reggente
- Department of Biology, University of Milano-Bicocca, piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Papale
- BioacousticsLab, Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), Capo Granitola, National Research Council, via del Mare 3, 91021 Torretta Granitola, Trapani, Italy
| | - Niall McGinty
- Marine Macroecology and Biogeochemistry Lab, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Lavinia Eddy
- Dolphin Biology and Conservation, 33084 Cordenons, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andrea de Lucia
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), Oristano, National Research Council, 09170 Torregrande, Oristano, Italy
| | - Chiara Giulia Bertulli
- Sea Watch Foundation, Paragon House, Wellington Place, New Quay, Ceredigion SA45 9NR, UK
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Henning B, de Sá Carvalho B, Pires MM, Bassoi M, Marigo J, Bertozzi C, Araújo MS. Geographical and intrapopulation variation in the diet of a threatened marine predator,Pontoporia blainvillei(Cetacea). Biotropica 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Henning
- Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Mathias M. Pires
- Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Manuela Bassoi
- Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Marigo
- Departamento de Patologia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Márcio S. Araújo
- Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’; Rio Claro Brazil
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Ywasaki Lima J, Machado FB, Farro APC, Barbosa LDA, da Silveira LS, Medina-Acosta E. Population genetic structure of Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) from the southwestern Atlantic coast of Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183645. [PMID: 28837691 PMCID: PMC5570289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sotalia guianensis is a small dolphin that is vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts. Along the Brazilian Atlantic coast, this species is threatened with extinction. A prioritized action plan for conservation strategies relies on increased knowledge of the population. The scarcity of studies about genetic diversity and assessments of population structure for this animal have precluded effective action in the region. Here, we assessed, for the first time, the genetic differentiation at 14 microsatellite loci in 90 S. guianensis specimens stranded on the southeastern Atlantic coast of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. We estimated population parameters and structure, measured the significance of global gametic disequilibrium and the intensity of non-random multiallelic interallelic associations and constructed a provisional synteny map using Bos taurus, the closest terrestrial mammal with a reference genome available. All microsatellite loci were polymorphic, with at least three and a maximum of ten alleles each. Allele frequencies ranged from 0.01 to 0.97. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.061 to 0.701. The mean inbreeding coefficient was 0.103. Three loci were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium even when missing genotypes were inferred. Although 77 of the 91 possible two-locus associations were in global gametic equilibrium, we unveiled 13 statistically significant, sign-based, non-random multiallelic interallelic associations in 10 two-locus combinations with either coupling (D' values ranging from 0.782 to 0.353) or repulsion (D' values -0.517 to -1.000) forces. Most of the interallelic associations did not involve the major alleles. Thus, for either physically or non-physically linked loci, measuring the intensity of non-random interallelic associations is important for defining the evolutionary forces at equilibrium. We uncovered a small degree of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.010; P-value = 0.463) with a hierarchical clustering into one segment containing members from the southern and northern coastal regions. The data thus support the scenario of little genetic structure in the population of S. guianensis in this geographic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ywasaki Lima
- Laboratory of Morphology and Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JYL); (EMA)
| | - Filipe Brum Machado
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Cazerta Farro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Animal Conservation, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Serafim da Silveira
- Laboratory of Morphology and Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrique Medina-Acosta
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JYL); (EMA)
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Gariboldi MC, Túnez JI, Failla M, Hevia M, Panebianco MV, Paso Viola MN, Vitullo AD, Cappozzo HL. Patterns of population structure at microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers in the franciscana dolphin ( Pontoporia blainvillei). Ecol Evol 2016; 6:8764-8776. [PMID: 28035267 PMCID: PMC5192793 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The franciscana dolphin, Pontorporia blainvillei, is an endemic cetacean of the Atlantic coast of South America. Its coastal distribution and restricted movement patterns make this species vulnerable to anthropogenic factors, particularly to incidental bycatch. We used mitochondrial DNA control region sequences, 10 microsatellites, and sex data to investigate the population structure of the franciscana dolphin from a previously established management area, which includes the southern edge of its geographic range. F‐statistics and Bayesian cluster analyses revealed the existence of three genetically distinct populations. Based on the microsatellite loci, similar levels of genetic variability were found in the area; 13 private alleles were found in Monte Hermoso, but none in Claromecó. When considering the mitochondrial DNA control region sequences, lower levels of genetic diversity were found in Monte Hermoso, when compared to the other localities. Low levels of gene flow were found between most localities. Additionally, no evidence of isolation by distance nor sex‐biased dispersal was detected in the study area. In view of these results showing that populations from Necochea/Claromecó, Monte Hermoso, and Río Negro were found to be genetically distinct and the available genetic information for the species previously published, Argentina would comprise five distinct populations: Samborombón West/Samborombón South, Cabo San Antonio/Buenos Aires East, Necochea/Claromecó/Buenos Aires Southwest, Monte Hermoso, and Río Negro. In order to ensure the long‐term survival of the franciscana dolphin, management and conservation strategies should be developed considering each of these populations as different management units.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Constanza Gariboldi
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD) Universidad MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio Túnez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Grupo de Estudios en Ecología de Mamíferos Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Nacional de Luján Luján Argentina
| | | | | | - María Victoria Panebianco
- Laboratorio de Ecología Comportamiento y Mamíferos Marinos Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - María Natalia Paso Viola
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecología Comportamiento y Mamíferos Marinos Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de Vida Silvestre Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Ushuaia Argentina
| | - Alfredo Daniel Vitullo
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD) Universidad MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Humberto Luis Cappozzo
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD) Universidad Maimónides Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecología Comportamiento y Mamíferos Marinos Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina; Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Universidad Maimónides Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
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Genetic diversity and population structure of Synthesium pontoporiae (Digenea, Brachycladiidae) linked to its definitive host stocks, the endangered Franciscana dolphin, Pontoporia blainvillei (Pontoporiidae) off the coast of Brazil and Argentina. J Helminthol 2016; 89:19-27. [PMID: 26262593 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x13000540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais and d'Orbigny, 1844) is an endangered small cetacean endemic to South America with four Franciscana Management Areas (FMA) recognized as different population stocks. The role of the intestinal parasite Synthesium pontoporiae (Digenea: Brachycladiidae) as a possible biological marker to differentiate P. blainvillei stocks was evaluated using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers. Internal transcribed sequence 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) regions of S. pontoporiae did not show intraspecific variability. The mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences suggested lack of population structure in S. pontoporiae and population expansion. The apparent panmixia of S. pontoporiae may be due to the high mobility of one or more of its intermediary hosts. Alternatively, it may be due to the small sample size. This result is incongruent with the previously proposed FMA.
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12
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Tide line versus internal pools: mating system and breeding success of South American sea lion males. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-015-2010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Population Genetics of Franciscana Dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei): Introducing a New Population from the Southern Edge of Their Distribution. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26221960 PMCID: PMC4519281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic factors, the franciscana dolphin, Pontoporia blainvillei, is the most threatened small cetacean on the Atlantic coast of South America. Four Franciscana Management Areas have been proposed: Espiritu Santo to Rio de Janeiro (FMA I), São Paulo to Santa Catarina (FMA II), Rio Grande do Sul to Uruguay (FMA III), and Argentina (FMA IV). Further genetic studies distinguished additional populations within these FMAs. We analyzed the population structure, phylogeography, and demographic history in the southernmost portion of the species range. From the analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences, 5 novel haplotypes were found, totalizing 60 haplotypes for the entire distribution range. The haplotype network did not show an apparent phylogeographical signal for the southern FMAs. Two populations were identified: Monte Hermoso (MH) and Necochea (NC)+Claromecó (CL)+Río Negro (RN). The low levels of genetic variability, the relative constant size over time, and the low levels of gene flow may indicate that MH has been colonized by a few maternal lineages and became isolated from geographically close populations. The apparent increase in NC+CL+RN size would be consistent with the higher genetic variability found, since genetic diversity is generally higher in older and expanding populations. Additionally, RN may have experienced a recent split from CL and NC; current high levels of gene flow may be occurring between the latter ones. FMA IV would comprise four franciscana dolphin populations: Samborombón West+Samborombón South, Cabo San Antonio+Buenos Aires East, NC+CL+Buenos Aires Southwest+RN and MH. Results achieved in this study need to be taken into account in order to ensure the long-term survival of the species.
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del Castillo DL, Flores DA, Cappozzo HL. Ontogenetic development and sexual dimorphism of franciscana dolphin skull: A 3D geometric morphometric approach. J Morphol 2014; 275:1366-75. [PMID: 25052760 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the postnatal ontogenetic development of Pontoporia blainvillei skull, identifying major changes on shape, and relating them to relevant factors in the life history of the species. We analyzed a complete ontogenetic series (73♂, 83♀) with three-dimensional geometric morphometric techniques. Immature dolphins showed a very well-developed braincase and a poorly developed rostrum, and the principal postnatal changes affected the rostrum and the temporal fossa, both structures implied functionally to the feeding apparatus, thus suggesting a specialized mode for catch fast prey in P. blainvillei. Osseous elements associated with sound production were already well developed on immature dolphins, suggesting the importance of this apparatus since the beginning of postnatal life. Sexual dimorphism was detected on both shape and size variables. Females were bigger than males, in accordance with previous studies. Shape differences between sexes were found on the posterior part of premaxillaries and external bony nares (P < 0.01), suggesting that this sexual dimorphism is related to differences on vocalization capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela L del Castillo
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Comportamiento y Mamíferos Marinos, División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" Av, Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cunha HA, Medeiros BV, Barbosa LA, Cremer MJ, Marigo J, Lailson-Brito J, Azevedo AF, Solé-Cava AM. Population structure of the endangered franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei): reassessing management units. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85633. [PMID: 24497928 PMCID: PMC3908959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Franciscanas are the most endangered dolphins in the Southwestern Atlantic. Due to their coastal and estuarine habits, franciscanas suffer from extensive fisheries bycatch, as well as from habitat loss and degradation. Four Franciscana Management Areas (FMA), proposed based on biology, demography, morphology and genetic data, were incorporated into management planning and in the delineation of research efforts. We re-evaluated that proposal through the analysis of control region sequences from franciscanas throughout their distribution range (N = 162), including novel sequences from the northern limit of the species and two other previously unsampled localities in Brazil. A deep evolutionary break was observed between franciscanas from the northern and southern portions of the species distribution, indicating that they must be managed as two Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESU). Furthermore, additional FMAs should be recognised to accommodate the genetic differentiation found in each ESU. These results have immediate consequences for the conservation and management of this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydée A. Cunha
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna V. Medeiros
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marta J. Cremer
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade da Região de Joinville, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliana Marigo
- Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Projeto Biopesca, Praia Grande, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Lailson-Brito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre F. Azevedo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio M. Solé-Cava
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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McCall BS, Mitchell MS, Schwartz MK, Hayden J, Cushman SA, Zager P, Kasworm WF. Combined use of mark-recapture and genetic analyses reveals response of a black bear population to changes in food productivity. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S. McCall
- Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; University of Montana; Natural Sciences Building Room 205 Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Michael S. Mitchell
- U.S. Geological Survey; Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; University of Montana; Natural Sciences Building Room 205 Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; 800 East Beckwith Missoula MT 59801 USA
| | - Jim Hayden
- Idaho Department of Fish and Game; 2885 Kathleen Avenue Coeur d'Alene ID 83815 USA
| | - Samuel A. Cushman
- U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; 2500 S. Pine Knoll Drive Flagstaff AZ 86001 USA
| | - Pete Zager
- Idaho Department of Fish and Game; 3316 16th Street Lewiston ID 83501 USA
| | - Wayne F. Kasworm
- US Fish and Wildlife Service; 475 Fish Hatchery Road Libby MT 59923 USA
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