1
|
Corral‐Lou A, Perea S, Perdices A, Doadrio I. Quaternary geomorphological and climatic changes associated with the diversification of Iberian freshwater fishes: The case of the genus
Cobitis
(Cypriniformes, Cobitidae). Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8635. [PMID: 35261740 PMCID: PMC8888266 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the population genetic structure of Cobitis vettonica, an endangered freshwater fish species endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, in order to propose a biogeographic model of the responses of species to the multiple changes that occurred in the Iberian hydrological system during the Quaternary period. We also deciphered the relationship of C. vettonica with its sister species C. paludica, particularly in sympatric areas, and provide genetic information for conservation purposes. To achieve this goal, we analyzed both mitochondrial and nuclear data (the cytochrome b and the nuclear recombination activating 1 genes) and a battery of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 248 individuals of C. vettonica or C. paludica from 38 localities, including some sympatric ones, covering the entire distribution area of C. vettonica. We highlight the important role played by the hydrogeomorphological processes and climatic changes that occurred in the Iberian Peninsula during the Quaternary on both the population structure of C. vettonica and its relationship with its sister species C. paludica. Our results support the genetic introgression of populations at the eastern limit of the distribution of C. vettonica. Furthermore, we postulate genetic introgression in sympatric areas. Finally, we propose the establishment or expansion of four Operational Conservation Units (OCUs) for C. vettonica, and highlight the threat faced by its populations due to the low level of genetic diversity detected for some of its populations and genetic introgression with C. paludica, which could eventually displace C. vettonica, resulting in a loss of diversity in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corral‐Lou
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
- Consultores en Biología de la Conservación S.L. Madrid Spain
| | - Silvia Perea
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Biología Departamento de Zoología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Anabel Perdices
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
| | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amoatey P, Izady A, Al-Maktoumi A, Chen M, Al-Harthy I, Al-Jabri K, Msagati TAM, Nkambule TTI, Baawain MS. A critical review of environmental and public health impacts from the activities of evaporation ponds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:149065. [PMID: 34328881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Evaporation ponds (EVPs) are among the most cost-effective, and simple wastewater treatment technologies used in many regions/countries with high solar radiation levels. However, its operational limitations, which include the overflow of wastewater, leakages via liners, and large surface area of the EVP that is exposed to atmosphere, creates a negative feedback to the environment. Therefore, the main aim of this review study of more than a hundred works published a little all over the continents is to provide a summary of various contaminations that are associated with EVPs activities through different environmental compartments. In addition, the impacts of EVP on fauna, human health including the current on-site sustainable mitigation strategies were also reviewed. The first conclusion from this study shows that the most commonly contaminants released into surface waters, groundwater, soil and sediments were heavy metals, pesticides, herbicides, selenium, including several major anions and cations. Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matters (PMs) were the main air pollutants emitted from the surfaces of an EVP. Limited data is available about the emissions of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHGs) especially carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from EVP surfaces. Migratory birds and aquatic organisms are the most vulnerable fauna as EVP wastewaters can cause obstruction of movements, affect diversity, and causes mortalities following the exposure to the toxic wastewater. The study revealed limited data about the potential health risk associated with occupational and environmental exposure to radiological hazards and contaminated drinking water from EVP activities. On-site EVP treatment strategies using bioremediation and electrochemical treatment technologies have shown to be a promising sustainable mitigation approach. Knowledge gaps in areas of GHGs monitoring/modeling, pollution exposure estimation and health risk assessments are urgently required to gain deeper understanding about the impact of EVP activities, and incorporate them into future EVP designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Amoatey
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Azizallah Izady
- Water Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Ali Al-Maktoumi
- Water Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mingjie Chen
- Water Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Issa Al-Harthy
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalifa Al-Jabri
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Titus A M Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Eng. and Technology, University of South Africa, South Africa
| | - Thabo T I Nkambule
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Eng. and Technology, University of South Africa, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alcaraz C, Gholami Z. Diversity and structure of fragmented populations of a threatened endemic cyprinodontid ( Aphanius sophiae) inferred from genetics and otolith morphology: Implications for conservation and management. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeinab Gholami
- Department of Biology University of Isfahan Isfahan Iran
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology & GeoBio‐Center LMU Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gonzalez EG, Cunha C, Ghanavi HR, Oliva-Paterna FJ, Torralva M, Doadrio I. Phylogeography and Population Genetic Analyses in the Iberian Toothcarp (Aphanius iberus Valenciennes, 1846) at Different Time Scales. J Hered 2018; 109:253-263. [PMID: 29036328 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esx076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary freshwater fish species inhabiting fluctuating and extreme environments are susceptible to changes in dispersion, effective population size, and genetic structure. The Iberian toothcarp Aphanius iberus is an endemic cyprinodontid of the Iberian Peninsula restricted to brackish water of salt marshes and coastal lagoons on the eastern Spanish Mediterranean coast. In this study, we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) DNA and microsatellite variation to evaluate ways in which the processes of extinction, dispersal, and colonization of A. iberus across its geographic distribution have affected its population genetic structure over time and space. The A. iberus network reconstruction indicated subtle levels of phylogeographic structuring. This, combined with substantial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genetic diversity, suggests that Pleistocene glaciations had a lesser effect on the demographic structure of its populations than was the case for Iberian freshwater species with a similar distribution. Haplotype network, hierarchical analysis of molecular variance, and pairwise ΦST comparisons involving some Levantine samples showed a relatively high degree of mtDNA differentiation, which could be explained by historical isolation of the Villena Lagoon population. Conversely, significant genetic differentiation that follows an isolation-by-distance pattern, and a reduction in Ne though time was detected with microsatellites, suggesting extensive habitat fragmentation on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula over the past hundreds of years. At a smaller geographical scale (Mar Menor Lagoon), habitat fragmentation, probably due to human activity, appears to have resulted in substantially reduced migration and increased genetic drift, as shown by expanded genetic differentiation of populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena G Gonzalez
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carina Cunha
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hamid R Ghanavi
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, Madrid, Spain.,Biology Department, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Mar Torralva
- Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Casal-López M, Perea S, Sousa-Santos C, Robalo JI, Torralva M, Oliva-Paterna FJ, Doadrio I. Paleobiogeography of an Iberian endemic species,Luciobarbus sclateri(Günther, 1868) (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae), inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Casal-López
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Group; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Silvia Perea
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Group; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Carla Sousa-Santos
- Insituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada; Unidade de Investigaçao em Eco-Etologia; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Joana I. Robalo
- Insituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada; Unidade de Investigaçao em Eco-Etologia; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Mar Torralva
- Department of Zoology; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Group; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC; Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grabowski M, Mamos T, Bącela-Spychalska K, Rewicz T, Wattier RA. Neogene paleogeography provides context for understanding the origin and spatial distribution of cryptic diversity in a widespread Balkan freshwater amphipod. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3016. [PMID: 28265503 PMCID: PMC5333542 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Balkans are a major worldwide biodiversity and endemism hotspot. Among the freshwater biota, amphipods are known for their high cryptic diversity. However, little is known about the temporal and paleogeographic aspects of their evolutionary history. We used paleogeography as a framework for understanding the onset of diversification in Gammarus roeselii: (1) we hypothesised that, given the high number of isolated waterbodies in the Balkans, the species is characterised by high level of cryptic diversity, even on a local scale; (2) the long geological history of the region might promote pre-Pleistocene divergence between lineages; (3) given that G. roeselii thrives both in lakes and rivers, its evolutionary history could be linked to the Balkan Neogene paleolake system; (4) we inspected whether the Pleistocene decline of hydrological networks could have any impact on the diversification of G. roeselii. MATERIAL AND METHODS DNA was extracted from 177 individuals collected from 26 sites all over Balkans. All individuals were amplified for ca. 650 bp long fragment of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). After defining molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU) based on COI, 50 individuals were amplified for ca. 900 bp long fragment of the nuclear 28S rDNA. Molecular diversity, divergence, differentiation and historical demography based on COI sequences were estimated for each MOTU. The relative frequency, geographic distribution and molecular divergence between COI haplotypes were presented as a median-joining network. COI was used also to reconstruct time-calibrated phylogeny with Bayesian inference. Probabilities of ancestors' occurrence in riverine or lacustrine habitats, as well their possible geographic locations, were estimated with the Bayesian method. A Neighbour Joining tree was constructed to illustrate the phylogenetic relationships between 28S rDNA haplotypes. RESULTS We revealed that G. roeselii includes at least 13 cryptic species or molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), mostly of Miocene origin. A substantial Pleistocene diversification within-MOTUs was observed in several cases. We evidenced secondary contacts between very divergent MOTUs and introgression of nDNA. The Miocene ancestors could live in either lacustrine or riverine habitats yet their presumed geographic localisations overlapped with those of the Neogene lakes. Several extant riverine populations had Pleistocene lacustrine ancestors. DISCUSSION Neogene divergence of lineages resulting in substantial cryptic diversity may be a common phenomenon in extant freshwater benthic crustaceans occupying areas that were not glaciated during the Pleistocene. Evolution of G. roeselii could be associated with gradual deterioration of the paleolakes. The within-MOTU diversification might be driven by fragmentation of river systems during the Pleistocene. Extant ancient lakes could serve as local microrefugia during that time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Grabowski
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mamos
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Rewicz
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Remi A. Wattier
- Laboratoire Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6282, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|