1
|
Bardales R, Boron V, Passos Viana DF, Sousa LL, Dröge E, Porfirio G, Jaramillo M, Payán E, Sillero-Zubiri C, Hyde M. Neotropical mammal responses to megafires in the Brazilian Pantanal. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17278. [PMID: 38655695 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The increasing frequency and severity of human-caused fires likely have deleterious effects on species distribution and persistence. In 2020, megafires in the Brazilian Pantanal burned 43% of the biome's unburned area and resulted in mass mortality of wildlife. We investigated changes in habitat use or occupancy for an assemblage of eight mammal species in Serra do Amolar, Brazil, following the 2020 fires using a pre- and post-fire camera trap dataset. Additionally, we estimated the density for two naturally marked species, jaguars Panthera onca and ocelots Leopardus pardalis. Of the eight species, six (ocelots, collared peccaries Dicotyles tajacu, giant armadillos Priodontes maximus, Azara's agouti Dasyprocta azarae, red brocket deer Mazama americana, and tapirs Tapirus terrestris) had declining occupancy following fires, and one had stable habitat use (pumas Puma concolor). Giant armadillo experienced the most precipitous decline in occupancy from 0.431 ± 0.171 to 0.077 ± 0.044 after the fires. Jaguars were the only species with increasing habitat use, from 0.393 ± 0.127 to 0.753 ± 0.085. Jaguar density remained stable across years (2.8 ± 1.3, 3.7 ± 1.3, 2.6 ± 0.85/100 km2), while ocelot density increased from 13.9 ± 3.2 to 16.1 ± 5.2/100 km2. However, the low number of both jaguars and ocelots recaptured after the fire period suggests that immigration may have sustained the population. Our results indicate that the megafires will have significant consequences for species occupancy and fitness in fire-affected areas. The scale of megafires may inhibit successful recolonization, thus wider studies are needed to investigate population trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Bardales
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Valeria Boron
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
- The Living Planet Centre, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) UK, Woking, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Lara L Sousa
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
| | - Egil Dröge
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
- Zambian Carnivore Programme, Mfuwe, Zambia
| | | | | | - Esteban Payán
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
- Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, New York, USA
| | - Claudio Sillero-Zubiri
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
| | - Matthew Hyde
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Center for Human-Carnivore Coexistence, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues NT, Saranholi BH, Inforzato AR, Silveira L, Desbiez ALJ, Galetti PM. Reduced gene flow and bottleneck in the threatened giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus): implications for its conservation. Genet Mol Biol 2024; 47:e20230252. [PMID: 38446984 PMCID: PMC10917080 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The progressive fragmentation and loss of habitats represent the main threats for endangered species, causing genetic consequences that may have potential implications for a population's long-term persistence. Large mammals are the most affected species among vertebrates. The giant armadillo Priodontes maximus is a large South American mammal threatened species, showing nocturnal, solitary and fossorial behavior, occurring at low population densities, and its population dynamics are still poorly known. In this study, we carried out the first assessment of genetic variability and population genetic structure of the species, using a panel of 15 polymorphic microsatellites developed by high-throughput genome sequencing. The spatial Bayesian clustering, Fst and Dest results indicated the presence of two genetic clusters (K = 2) in the study area. These results suggest a reduction in gene flow between individuals inhabiting the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) and the Pantanal wetlands, with the increased human-driven habitat modifications possibly contributing for this scenario. A bottleneck signal was detected in both populations, and a subpopulation structuring in the Cerrado may also be reflecting consequences of the extensive habitat modifications. Findings from this study provide important and useful information for the future maintenance of genetic diversity and long-term conservation of this flagship species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayra T. Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno H. Saranholi
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, Ascot, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre R. Inforzato
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS), Murrayfield, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPE), Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M. Galetti
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cullen JA, Attias N, Desbiez AL, Valle D. Biologging as an important tool to uncover behaviors of cryptic species: an analysis of giant armadillos ( Priodontes maximus). PeerJ 2023; 11:e14726. [PMID: 36691484 PMCID: PMC9864128 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in biologging have increased the understanding of how animals interact with their environment, especially for cryptic species. For example, giant armadillos (Priodontes maximus) are the largest extant species of armadillo but are rarely encountered due to their fossorial and nocturnal behavior. Through the analysis of speed, turning angles, and accelerometer activity counts, we estimated behavioral states, characterized activity budgets, and investigated the state-habitat associations exhibited by individuals monitored with GPS telemetry in the Brazilian Pantanal from 2019 to 2020. This methodology is proposed as a useful framework for the identification of priority habitat. Using the non-parametric Bayesian mixture model for movement (M3), we estimated four latent behavioral states that were named 'vigilance-excavation', 'local search', 'exploratory', and 'transit'. These states appeared to correspond with behavior near burrows or termite mounds, foraging, ranging, and rapid movements, respectively. The first and last hours of activity presented relatively high proportions of the vigilance-excavation state, while most of the activity period was dominated by local search and exploratory states. The vigilance-excavation state occurred more frequently in regions between forest and closed savannas, whereas local search was more likely in high proportions of closed savanna. Exploratory behavior probability increased in areas with high proportions of both forest and closed savanna. Our results establish a baseline for behavioral complexity, activity budgets, and habitat associations in a relatively pristine environment that can be used for future work to investigate anthropogenic impacts on giant armadillo behavior and fitness. The integration of accelerometer and GPS-derived movement data through our mixture model has the potential to become a powerful methodological approach for the conservation of other cryptic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Cullen
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America,School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Nina Attias
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil,Department of Wildlife Ecology & Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Arnaud L.J. Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil,Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Valle
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Magioli M, Attias N, Massocato G, Kluyber D, Moreira MZ, Ferraz KMPMDB, Chiarello AG, Desbiez ALJ. What a few hairs can tell us about the resource use of giant armadillos. Integr Zool 2023; 18:129-142. [PMID: 35278278 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of resource requirements of vulnerable species is key for conservation planning. Here, we used stable carbon (δ13 C) and nitrogen isotopes (δ15 N) of hair from giant armadillos (Priodontes maximus) to understand individual resource use. We collected hair from 19 giant armadillos analyzing 34 samples from the Brazilian Pantanal and compared the resource use between sexes and age classes. We also assessed the relationship of isotopic values with individuals' body mass and the habitat type used. We observed a wide variation in resource use by giant armadillos, showing that individuals consume prey that feeds on distinct resources and occupies different habitat types, indicating that there is individual variation in foraging behavior. Most giant armadillos presented a mixed diet (C3 /C4 resources, forests/open areas), but a quarter of individuals had strictly C4 diets (open areas). Males are more prone to forage on C4 resources, presenting an isotopic niche 2.6-times larger than that of females. Subadults presented diets more associated with habitats with high arboreal cover (C3 resources, forests), while adults foraged more in open areas (C4 resources). This result is mirrored by the positive relationship between δ13 C values and body mass, suggesting that larger giant armadillos tend to feed more in open areas. We observed that δ13 C values decreased as individuals increased the use of habitats with high arboreal cover. We stress the importance of conserving the natural mosaic in the Pantanal landscape for the species persistence, given that giant armadillos require all habitat types to fulfill their dietary, spatial, and developmental needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Magioli
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Carnívoros (CENAP), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Atibaia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nina Attias
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Massocato
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Organização Não Governamental, Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.,Houston Zoo, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Danilo Kluyber
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Organização Não Governamental, Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.,Naples Zoo at Caribbean Gardens, Naples, Florida, USA
| | - Marcelo Zacharias Moreira
- Laboratório de Ecologia Isotópica, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Carnívoros (CENAP), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Atibaia, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratório de Ecologia, Manejo e Conservação de Fauna Silvestre (LEMaC), Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Garcia Chiarello
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arnaud L J Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Organização Não Governamental, Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.,RZSS-Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS), Murrayfield, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Di Blanco YE, Quiroga VA, Desbiez AL, Insaurralde A, Di Bitetti MS. High dependence on protected areas by the endangered giant armadillo in Argentina. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
6
|
Density, habitat use and activity patterns of the last giant armadillo population in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Mamm Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-022-00277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
7
|
Butler MJ, Stewart DR, Harris GM, Bidwell MT, Pearse AT. Space use and site fidelity of wintering whooping cranes on the Texas Gulf Coast. J Wildl Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Butler
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System Biological Services 500 Gold Avenue SW Albuquerque NM 87102 USA
| | - David R. Stewart
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System Biological Services 500 Gold Avenue SW Albuquerque NM 87102 USA
| | - Grant M. Harris
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System Biological Services 500 Gold Avenue SW Albuquerque NM 87102 USA
| | - Mark T. Bidwell
- Canadian Wildlife Service Environment and Climate Change Canada Saskatoon SK Canada
| | - Aaron T. Pearse
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Jamestown ND 58401 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fleming CH, Deznabi I, Alavi S, Crofoot MC, Hirsch BT, Medici EP, Noonan MJ, Kays R, Fagan WF, Sheldon DR, Calabrese JM. Population‐level inference for home‐range areas. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. H. Fleming
- University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Front Royal VA USA
| | - I. Deznabi
- University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA
| | - S. Alavi
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
| | - M. C. Crofoot
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
- University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | | | - E. P. Medici
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas Nazaré Paulista Brazil
| | - M. J. Noonan
- The University of British Columbia Okanagan Kelowna BC Canada
| | - R. Kays
- North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh NC USA
| | - W. F. Fagan
- University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - D. R. Sheldon
- University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA
- Mount Holyoke College South Hadley MA USA
| | - J. M. Calabrese
- University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Front Royal VA USA
- Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS), Görlitz Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (HZDR), Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Makuya L, Olivier C, Schradin C. Field studies need to report essential information on social organisation – independent of the study focus. Ethology 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindelani Makuya
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Charlotte‐Anaïs Olivier
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
- IPHCUNISTRACNRS Strasbourg France
| | - Carsten Schradin
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
- IPHCUNISTRACNRS Strasbourg France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Catapani ML, Morsello C, Oliveira B, Desbiez ALJ. Using a Conflict Framework Analysis to Help Beekeepers and Giant Armadillos (Priodontes maximus) Coexist. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.696435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage caused by wildlife is one reason preventing peaceful coexistence between humans and wildlife. To identify the complexity and scope of human-wildlife interactions and to guide conservation interventions, a theoretical framework has been recently proposed, based on the field of conflict analysis and peacebuilding. Despite its importance, to our knowledge, there are no studies yet testing the framework. We therefore adapted and expanded the framework to investigate a wildlife-people interaction scenario, involving damage by giant armadillos (Priodontes maximus) to apiaries in the Brazilian Cerrado biome of Mato Grosso do Sul state. From August to November 2018, we interviewed 111 beekeepers identified through a mixed random and snowball sampling design to assess at which level of conflict this interaction could be framed, and to identify strategies able to promote coexistence. Analysis of the five key areas of the framework suggested the current human-wildlife interaction is a level one conflict. This means the negative relation between beekeepers and giant armadillos is still not rooted in less visible, more complex social disagreements, but founded in a material dispute: destruction of beehives. We used the findings to create an intervention strategy which involves: (i) the implementation of mitigation strategies that prevent giant armadillos from predating beehives; (ii) a certification scheme to acknowledge beekeepers' efforts to implement the mitigation strategies, and (iii) a Citizen Science Program using an app that enables data gathering for adaptive management, as well as maintains beekeeper engagement. We hope beekeepers-giant armadillos' coexistence will become beneficial rather than a challenge with the novel interventions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Silva DS, Ribeiro MV, Soares FH. Medium and large-sized mammals of a private protected wetland in the Cerrado-Amazon biological corridor, Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e243666. [PMID: 34495145 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is the world's richest country in biodiversity, including mammal species. In the Brazilian Cerrado biome, mammalian diversity is vast, with about 251 species, 32 of them are endemic and 22 listed as threatened species. In this work, we investigated species diversity of medium- and large-sized mammals in the private protected area RPPN Pontal do Jaburu (RPPN-PJ) and its surroundings, which is a flooded area located in an important biological corridor in the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone zone, a priority area for biodiversity conservation in Brazil. We used camera-trapping, active search (night and day), and track survey during dry season (Apr - Aug 2016). We recorded 29 mammal species, being the Carnivora order the most representative with 11 species. Regarding threat status, 35.7% of the recorded species were listed as threatened in Brazil and 32.1% worldwide. We highlight the high relative frequency of threatened species records such as Tapirus terrestris, Panthera onca, Blastocerus dichotomus, Pteronura brasiliensis, Priodontes maximus, and other, as well as the presence of the newly described aquatic mammal species Inia araguaiaensis. We stress the importance of RPPN-PJ and its surroundings for mammal conservation, which include complex habitats (wetlands) located in an important ecotone zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D S Silva
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Associação Guardiões do Cerrado - AGC, Serranópolis, GO, Brasil
| | - M V Ribeiro
- Associação Guardiões do Cerrado - AGC, Serranópolis, GO, Brasil.,Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - F H Soares
- Associação Guardiões do Cerrado - AGC, Serranópolis, GO, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Giroux A, Ortega Z, Oliveira-Santos LGR, Attias N, Bertassoni A, Desbiez ALJ. Sexual, allometric and forest cover effects on giant anteaters' movement ecology. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253345. [PMID: 34407068 PMCID: PMC8372905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing the influence of intrinsic and environmental traits on animals’ movement is a central interest of ecology and can aid to enhance management decisions. The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a vulnerable mammal that presents low capacity for physiological thermoregulation and uses forests as thermal shelters. Here, we aim to provide reliable estimates of giant anteaters’ movement patterns and home range size, as well as untangle the role of intrinsic and environmental drivers on their movement. We GPS-tracked 19 giant anteaters in Brazilian savannah. We used a continuous-time movement model to estimate their movement patterns (described by home range crossing time, daily distance moved and directionality), and provide an autocorrelated kernel density estimate of home range size. Then, we used mixed structural equations to integratively model the effects of sex, body mass and proportion of forest cover on movement patterns and home range size, considering the complex net of interactions between these variables. Male giant anteaters presented more intensive space use and larger home range than females with similar body mass, as it is expected in polygynous social mating systems. Males and females increased home range size with increasing body mass, but the allometric scaling of intensity of space use was negative for males and positive for females, indicating different strategies in search for resources. With decreasing proportion of forest cover inside their home ranges, and, consequently, decreasing thermal quality of their habitat, giant anteaters increased home range size, possibly to maximize the chances of accessing thermal shelters. As frequency and intensity of extreme weather events and deforestation are increasing, effective management efforts need to consider the role of forests as an important thermal resource driving spatial requirements of this species. We highlight that both intrinsic and environmental drivers of animal movement should be integrated to better guide management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Giroux
- Ecology Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Zaida Ortega
- Ecology Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Zoology Department, University of Granada, Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Nina Attias
- Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bertassoni
- Ecology and Evolution Department, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Institute for Research and Conservation of Tamanduas in Brazil (Tamanduá Institute), Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Arnaud Léonard Jean Desbiez
- Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Institute for Ecological Research (IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS), Murrayfield, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Desbiez ALJ, Kluyber D, Massocato GF, Attias N. Methods for the characterization of activity patterns in elusive species: the giant armadillo in the Brazilian Pantanal. J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. J. Desbiez
- ICAS ‐ Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brasil
- IPÊ ‐ Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas Nazaré Paulista São Paulo Brasil
- RZSS ‐ Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Murrayfield Edinburgh UK
| | - D. Kluyber
- ICAS ‐ Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brasil
- Naples Zoo at Caribbean Gardens Naples FL USA
| | - G. F. Massocato
- ICAS ‐ Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brasil
- IPÊ ‐ Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas Nazaré Paulista São Paulo Brasil
- Houston Zoo Houston TX USA
| | - N. Attias
- ICAS ‐ Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brasil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Navas-Suárez PE, Sacristán C, Kluyber D, Yogui DR, Alves AC, Dalazen GT, Díaz-Delgado J, Guerra JM, de Azevedo Fernandes NCC, Réssio RA, da Silva TC, Cogliati B, Desbiez ALJ, Catão-Dias JL. Novel gammaherpesvirus associated with primary gastric T-cell lymphoma in a free-ranging giant armadillo in Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:2045-2051. [PMID: 34132049 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The number of viral-associated neoplasms reported in wildlife has increased over the last decades, likely because of growing research efforts and a potentially greater burden of carcinogenic pathogens. Herein, we describe a primary gastric T-cell lymphoma in one free-ranging giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus) from Brazilian Pantanal infected by a novel gammaherpesvirus, proposed as Cingulatid gammaherpesvirus 1 (CiHV-1). By chromogenic in situ hybridisation against Epstein-Barr virus some neoplastic cells were labeled. Subsequently, a molecular screening was carried out to detect the occurrence of this pathogen in other giant armadillos in the same region. Overall, this novel virus was detected in 14.3% (3/21) of the tested giant armadillos. We suggest this herpesvirus, the first in Xenarthra, as a plausible aetiology of the neoplasm. The implications of CiHV-1 for this species are uncertain; while no outbreaks of disease have been recorded, the present study raises concerns. Further research is warranted to assess the real significance of CiHV-1 and its potential oncogenic role in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Enrique Navas-Suárez
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Carlos Sacristán
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Danilo Kluyber
- Giant Armadillo Conservation Project, Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo, Grande, Brazil.,Naples Zoo at Caribbeans Gardens, Naples, Florida, USA
| | - Débora Regina Yogui
- Giant Armadillo Conservation Project, Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo, Grande, Brazil.,The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS), Edinburgh Zoo, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Amanda Carolina Alves
- Giant Armadillo Conservation Project, Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo, Grande, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Taimara Dalazen
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Josué Díaz-Delgado
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tereza Cristina da Silva
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez
- Giant Armadillo Conservation Project, Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo, Grande, Brazil., , Nashville Zoo, Nashville, USA
| | - José Luiz Catão-Dias
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Species distribution model reveals only highly fragmented suitable patches remaining for giant armadillo in the Brazilian Cerrado. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
16
|
Fontes BL, Desbiez ALJ, Massocato GF, Srbek-Araujo AC, Sanaiotti TM, Bergallo HG, Ferreguetti ÁC, Noia CHR, Schettino VR, Valls R, Moreira DDO, Gatti A, Mendonça EDS, Banhos A. The local extinction of one of the greatest terrestrial ecosystem engineers, the giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus), in one of its last refuges in the Atlantic Forest, will be felt by a large vertebrate community. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
17
|
Kluyber D, Desbiez ALJ, Attias N, Massocato GF, Gennari SM, Soares HS, Bagagli E, Bosco SMG, Garcés HG, Ferreira JDS, Fontes ANB, Suffys PN, Meireles LR, Jansen AM, Luna EJA, Roque ALR. Zoonotic parasites infecting free-living armadillos from Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:1639-1651. [PMID: 32964690 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Armadillos are specialist diggers and their burrows are used to find food, seek shelter and protect their pups. These burrows can also be shared with dozens of vertebrate and invertebrate species and; consequently, their parasites including the zoonotics. The aim of this study was to diagnose the presence of zoonotic parasites in four wild-caught armadillo species from two different Brazilian ecosystems, the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) and the Pantanal (wetland). The investigated parasites and their correspondent diseases were: Toxoplasma gondii (toxoplasmosis), Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease), Leishmania spp., (leishmaniasis), Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Paracoccidioidomicosis) and Mycobacterium leprae (Hansen's disease). Forty-three free-living armadillos from Pantanal and seven road-killed armadillos from the Cerrado were sampled. Trypanosoma cruzi DTU TcIII were isolated from 2 out of 43 (4.65%) armadillos, including one of them also infected with Trypanosoma rangeli. Antibodies anti-T. gondii were detected in 13 out of 43 (30.2%) armadillos. All seven armadillos from Cerrado tested positive for P. brasiliensis DNA, in the lungs, spleen, liver fragments. Also, by molecular analysis, all 43 individuals were negative for M. leprae and Leishmania spp. Armadillos were infected by T. cruzi, T. rangeli, P. brasiliensis and presented seric antibodies to T. gondii, highlighting the importance of those armadillos could have in the epidemiology of zoonotic parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Kluyber
- Associate Researcher, Naples Zoo at Caribbeans Gardens, Naples, FL, USA.,Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Arnaud L J Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Brazil.,Associate Researcher, The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS), Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Nina Attias
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F Massocato
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Brazil.,Associate Researcher, Houston Zoo, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Solange M Gennari
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Única e Bem-Estar Animal, Universidade Santo Amaro, UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herbert S Soares
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Única e Bem-Estar Animal, Universidade Santo Amaro, UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bagagli
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sandra M G Bosco
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Hans G Garcés
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jessica da S Ferreira
- Laboratório Multi-user do, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia Molecular aplicada à Micobactérias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda N B Fontes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular aplicada à Micobactérias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Philip N Suffys
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular aplicada à Micobactérias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana R Meireles
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana M Jansen
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Expedito J A Luna
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André L R Roque
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Attias N, Gurarie E, Fagan WF, Mourão G. Ecology and social biology of the southern three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes matacus; Cingulata: Chlamyphoridae). J Mammal 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Basic knowledge of species biology and ecology is essential for the assessment of species conservation status and planning for efficient conservation strategies; however, this information is not always readily available. Here we use movement behavior to understand the ecology and social biology of the poorly known southern three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes matacus). We used VHF and GPS telemetry to monitor 26 individuals from two sites in the Pantanal wetlands of Brazil. We characterized armadillo activity patterns, evaluated the relationship between sex and body mass with home range size and mean daily distance traveled, and examined home and core range overlap. Three-banded armadillos were active on average for 5.5 ± 2.8 h/day, with most of their activity concentrated in the first half of the night. Adult males were heavier and had larger home ranges than adult females. Home range size scaled positively with body mass for males, but not for females. Core ranges for females overlapped little (< 1%) regardless of age, but home ranges for males overlapped both with other males (12%) and females (18%). Our data suggest that three-banded armadillos are mainly a nocturnal species. Home range and spacing patterns point to a generally asocial behavior and a polygynous or promiscuous mating system. We hope that the data generated as a result of this project will contribute to this species’ conservation in Brazil and elsewhere by guiding future management and research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Attias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Embrapa Pantanal, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - E Gurarie
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - W F Fagan
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - G Mourão
- Embrapa Pantanal, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Size matters: penis size, sexual maturity and their consequences for giant armadillo conservation planning. Mamm Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-020-00065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
20
|
Di Blanco YE, Desbiez ALJ, di Francescantonio D, Di Bitetti MS. Excavations of giant armadillos alter environmental conditions and provide new resources for a range of animals. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. E. Di Blanco
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM) Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
- Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico (CeIBA) Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales UNaM Eldorado Misiones Argentina
| | - A. L. J. Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS) Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brasil
- Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS) Edinburgh UK
| | - D. di Francescantonio
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM) Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
- Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico (CeIBA) Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
| | - M. S. Di Bitetti
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM) Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
- Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico (CeIBA) Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales UNaM Eldorado Misiones Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Banhos A, Fontes BL, Yogui DR, Alves MH, Ardente NC, Valls R, Barreto LM, Damásio L, Ferreguetti ÁC, Carvalho AS, Schettino VR, Santos ARD, Bergallo HG, Srbek‐Araujo AC, Medici EP, Canena A, Desbiez AL. Highways are a threat for giant armadillos that underpasses can mitigate. Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aureo Banhos
- Departamento de Biologia Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoAlto Universitário Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal) Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Vitória Brazil
| | - Bruno L. Fontes
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal) Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Vitória Brazil
| | - Débora Regina Yogui
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Brazil
- Nashville Zoo Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - Mario Henrique Alves
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Brazil
- Houston Zoo Houston Texas USA
| | - Natália Carneiro Ardente
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Renata Valls
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Lucas Mendes Barreto
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo São Mateus Brazil
| | - Lucas Damásio
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Átilla Colombo Ferreguetti
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Vitor Roberto Schettino
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural Centro de Ciências Agrárias e EngenhariasUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo Alto Universitário Alegre Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rosa dos Santos
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural Centro de Ciências Agrárias e EngenhariasUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo Alto Universitário Alegre Brazil
| | - Helena Godoy Bergallo
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara GomesUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Srbek‐Araujo
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Biodiversidade Universidade Vila Velha Vila Velha Brazil
- Instituto SerraDiCal de Pesquisa e ConservaçãoRua José Hemetério Andrade Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | | | - Ariel Canena
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas Nazaré Paulista Brazil
| | - Arnaud L.J. Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres Campo Grande Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas Nazaré Paulista Brazil
- Royal Zoological Society of Scotland Edinburgh UK
| |
Collapse
|