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Chen C, Wang C, Liu W, Chen J, Chen L, Luo X, Wu J. Prognostic value and gene regulatory network of CMSS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:361-370. [PMID: 38160346 PMCID: PMC11191500 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cms1 ribosomal small subunit homolog (CMSS1) is an RNA-binding protein that may play an important role in tumorigenesis and development. OBJECTIVE RNA-seq data from the GEPIA database and the UALCAN database were used to analyze the expression of CMSS1 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and its relationship with the clinicopathological features of the patients. METHODS LinkedOmics was used to identify genes associated with CMSS1 expression and to identify miRNAs and transcription factors significantly associated with CMSS1 by GSEA. RESULTS The expression level of CMSS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. In addition, the expression level of CMSS1 in advanced tumors was significantly higher than that in early tumors. The expression level of CMSS1 was higher in TP53-mutated tumors than in non-TP53-mutated tumors. CMSS1 expression levels were strongly correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with LIHC, and high CMSS1 expression predicted poorer OS (P< 0.01) and DFS (P< 0.01). Meanwhile, our results suggested that CMSS1 is associated with the composition of the immune microenvironment of LIHC. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that CMSS1 is a potential molecular marker for the diagnosis and prognostic of LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Caiming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Operation Room, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Breast, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiangxiang Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jincai Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Park J, Jeong K, Kim M, Kim W, Park JH. Enhanced osteogenesis of human urine-derived stem cells by direct delivery of 30Kc19α-Lin28A protein. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1215087. [PMID: 37383520 PMCID: PMC10293758 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1215087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are a promising source for regenerative medicine because of their advantages such as easy and non-invasive collection from the human body, stable expansion, and the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages, including osteoblasts. In this study, we propose a strategy to enhance the osteogenic potential of human USCs using Lin28A, a transcription factor that inhibits let-7 miRNA processing. To address concerns regarding the safety of foreign gene integration and potential risk of tumorigenicity, we intracellularly delivered Lin28A as a recombinant protein fused with a cell-penetrating and protein-stabilizing protein, 30Kc19α. 30Kc19α-Lin28A fusion protein exhibited improved thermal stability and was delivered into USCs without significant cytotoxicity. 30Kc19α-Lin28A treatment elevated calcium deposition and upregulated several osteoblast-specific gene expressions in USCs derived from multiple donors. Our results indicate that intracellularly delivered 30Kc19α-Lin28A enhances the osteoblastic differentiation of human USCs by affecting the transcriptional regulatory network involved in metabolic reprogramming and stem cell potency. Therefore, 30Kc19α-Lin28A may provide a technical advancement toward developing clinically feasible strategies for bone regeneration.
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3
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Extracellular Vesicles in Lung Cancer: Bystanders or Main Characters? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020246. [PMID: 36829523 PMCID: PMC9953694 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer still represents the main cause of cancer death worldwide. The poor survival is mainly related to the diagnosis which is often obtained in advanced stages when the disease is unresectable and characterized by the worst prognosis. Only in the last decades have great discoveries led to the development of new therapies targeted to oncogenes and to boost the host immune response against the tumor. Tumor identification and molecular/immunological characterization rely on bioptic samples which represent the gold standard for diagnosis. Nonetheless, less invasive procedures providing small samples will be more and more common in the future. Extracellular vesicles (EV), submicron particles released by any cell type, are candidates for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. EV are mediators of intercellular communication and can convey cytokines, miRNAs, antigens, and many other factors of tumorigenesis. This review summarizes the most appealing findings on lung-cancer-related EV, debating the evidence on circulating versus airway EV as potential biomarkers in disease management and the main studies on the role of these particles on lung cancer pathogenesis. Overall, the available results point toward a wide range of possible applications, supported by the promising achievements of genotyping on BAL fluid EV and proteomic analysis on pleural effusion EV. Nonetheless, the study of lung EV is still affected by remarkable methodological issues, especially when in vitro evidence is translated into humans. Whether EV still represent an "information fog" or can be useful in lung cancer management will be discussed, with possible hints on how to improve their usage.
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Jeyananthan P. Role of different types of RNA molecules in the severity prediction of SARS-CoV-2 patients. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154311. [PMID: 36657221 PMCID: PMC9840815 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is the current threat of the world with enormous number of deceases. As most of the countries have constraints on resources, particularly for intensive care and oxygen, severity prediction with high accuracy is crucial. This prediction will help the medical society in the selection of patients with the need for these constrained resources. Literature shows that using clinical data in this study is the common trend and molecular data is rarely utilized in this prediction. As molecular data carry more disease related information, in this study, three different types of RNA molecules ( lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA) of SARS-COV-2 patients are used to predict the severity stage and treatment stage of those patients. Using seven different machine learning algorithms along with several feature selection techniques shows that in both phenotypes, feature importance selected features provides the best accuracy along with random forest classifier. Further to this, it shows that in the severity stage prediction miRNA and lncRNA give the best performance, and lncRNA data gives the best in treatment stage prediction. As most of the studies related to molecular data uses mRNA data, this is an interesting finding.
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5
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Yu J, Zhu D, Zeng C, Zhang Y, Yang H, Xu Y. MicroRNA expression profiles in the granulosa cells of infertile patients undergoing progestin primed ovarian stimulation. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022; 276:228-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Molecular Investigation of miRNA Biomarkers as Chemoresistance Regulators in Melanoma: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13010115. [PMID: 35052456 PMCID: PMC8775297 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Melanoma is a global disease that is predominant in Western countries. However, reliable data resources and comprehensive studies on the theragnostic efficiency of miRNAs in melanoma are scarce. Hence, a decisive study or comprehensive review is required to collate the evidence for profiling miRNAs as a theragnostic marker. This protocol details a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of miRNAs on chemoresistance and their association with theragnosis in melanoma. Methods and analysis: The articles will be retrieved from online bibliographic databases, including Cochrane Review, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, with different permutations of ‘keywords’. To obtain full-text papers of relevant research, a stated search method will be used, along with selection criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P) standards were used to create this study protocol. The hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval will be analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software 3.0. (CI). The pooled effect size will be calculated using a random or fixed-effects meta-analysis model. Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic will be used to determine heterogeneity. Egger’s bias indicator test, Orwin’s and the classic fail-safe N tests, the Begg and Mazumdar rank collection test, and Duval and Tweedie’s trim and fill calculation will all be used to determine publication bias. The overall standard deviation will be evaluated using Z-statistics. Subgroup analyses will be performed according to the melanoma participants’ clinicopathological and biological characteristics and methodological factors if sufficient studies and retrieved data are identified and available. The source of heterogeneity will be assessed using a meta-regression analysis. A pairwise matrix could be developed using either a pairwise correlation or expression associations of miRNA with patients’ survival for the same studies.
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Gomes LC, Resende RR, Parreira RC, Ferreira CN, Reis EA, Duarte RCF, Alves LCV, Araújo SSDS, Carvalho MDG, Sabino ADP. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): evaluation of AKT protein kinase and microRNA gene expression related to disease pathogenesis. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Tarazón E, de Unamuno Bustos B, Murria Estal R, Pérez Simó G, Sahuquillo Torralba A, Simarro J, Palanca Suela S, Botella Estrada R. MiR-138-5p Suppresses Cell Growth and Migration in Melanoma by Targeting Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121931. [PMID: 34946880 PMCID: PMC8701232 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests the existence of a miRNA regulatory network involving human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT), with miR-138-5p playing a central role in many types of cancers. However, little is known about the regulation of hTERT expression by microRNA (miRNAs) in melanocytic tumors. Here, we investigated the effects of miR-138-5p in hTERT regulation in melanoma cells lines. In vitro studies demonstrated higher miR-138-5p and lower hTERT messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in human epidermal melanocytes, compared with melanoma cell lines (A2058, A375, SK-MEL-28) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) observing a negative correlation between them. A2058 melanoma cells were selected to be transfected with miR-138-5p mimic or inhibitor. Using luciferase assay, hTERT was identified as a direct target of this miRNA. Overexpression of miR-138-5p detected by Western blot revealed a decrease in hTERT protein expression (p = 0.012), and qPCR showed a reduction in telomerase activity (p < 0.001). Moreover, suppressions in cell growth (p = 0.035) and migration abilities (p = 0.015) were observed in A2058-transfected cells using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide and flow cytometry, respectively. This study identifies miR-138-5p as a crucial tumor suppressor miRNA involved in telomerase regulation. Targeting it as a combination therapy with immunotherapy or targeted therapies could be used in advanced melanoma treatment; however, more preclinical studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Tarazón
- Dermatology and Tisular Regeneration Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.T.); (B.d.U.B.); (R.M.E.); (A.S.T.); (R.B.E.)
| | - Blanca de Unamuno Bustos
- Dermatology and Tisular Regeneration Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.T.); (B.d.U.B.); (R.M.E.); (A.S.T.); (R.B.E.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Murria Estal
- Dermatology and Tisular Regeneration Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.T.); (B.d.U.B.); (R.M.E.); (A.S.T.); (R.B.E.)
| | - Gema Pérez Simó
- Clinical and Translational Cancer Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.P.S.); (J.S.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Sahuquillo Torralba
- Dermatology and Tisular Regeneration Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.T.); (B.d.U.B.); (R.M.E.); (A.S.T.); (R.B.E.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Simarro
- Clinical and Translational Cancer Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.P.S.); (J.S.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sarai Palanca Suela
- Clinical and Translational Cancer Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.P.S.); (J.S.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9612-44586
| | - Rafael Botella Estrada
- Dermatology and Tisular Regeneration Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.T.); (B.d.U.B.); (R.M.E.); (A.S.T.); (R.B.E.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Yan Y, Yu Z, Lu J, Jin P, Tang Z, Hu Y. Predictive values profiling of interleukin-2, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein in critical gastrointestinal cancer patients. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1398-1406. [PMID: 34532097 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic values of serum cytokines in cancer have not yet been fully determined. The objective of this study was to identify potential biomarkers associated with clinical outcomes in critical gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to quantify serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) for correlation with clinical outcomes in GI cancer patients. The patients were divided into tertiles or quartiles based on the cytokine levels: Q1, Q2, and Q3, or Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to determine the optimal cutoff values of the cytokines. Results Trend analysis showed that IL-2, IL-8, TNF-α, PCT, and CRP levels had significant positive correlations with mortality in GI cancer patients (all P-values were lower than 0.05). The significance was observed in Q3 vs. Q1 in IL-2 (P=0.026), Q3 vs. Q1 in IL-8 (P=0.003), Q2 and Q3 vs. Q1 in TNF-α (P=0.012 and P=0.002, respectively), Q4 vs. Q1 in PCT (P=0.031), Q3 and Q4 vs. Q1 in CRP (P=0.011 and P=0.001, respectively). The area under curve (AUC) of IL-2, IL-8, TNF-α, PCT, and CRP were 0.706, 0.729, 0.743, 0.769, and 0.736, and the optimal cutoff points were determined at 838 U/mL, 46.15 pg/mL, 11.95 pg/mL, 0.77 pg/mL, and 109.38 mg/L, respectively. Under these critical values, the sensitivity was 73.3%, 66.7%, 80.0%, 93.3%, and 86.7%, and the specificity was 64.9%, 72.0%, 60.4%, 61.8%, and 68.9%, respectively. Conclusions In GI cancer patients, serum IL-2, IL-8, TNF-α, PCT, and CRP levels can provide potential prognostic values for predicting clinical outcomes. The results may facilitate the exploration of cancer-related cytokine networks and development of novel therapy for GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Yan
- Nursing Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghong Yu
- Nursing Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Nursing Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peili Jin
- Nursing Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqing Tang
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Nursing Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Wu Y, Huang HC, Qin LX. Making External Validation Valid for Molecular Classifier Development. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:PO.21.00103. [PMID: 34377885 PMCID: PMC8345919 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate assessment of a molecular classifier that guides patient care is of paramount importance in precision oncology. Recent years have seen an increasing use of external validation for such assessment. However, little is known about how it is affected by ubiquitous unwanted variations in test data because of disparate experimental handling and by the use of data normalization for alleviating such variations. METHODS In this paper, we studied these issues using two microarray data sets for the same set of tumor samples and additional data simulated by resampling under various levels of signal-to-noise ratio and different designs for array-to-sample allocation. RESULTS We showed that (1) unwanted variations can lead to biased classifier assessment and (2) data normalization mitigates the bias to varying extents depending on the specific method used. In particular, frozen normalization methods for test data outperform their conventional forms in terms of both reducing the bias in accuracy estimation and increasing robustness to handling effects. We make available our benchmarking tool as an R package on GitHub for performing such evaluation on additional methods for normalization and classification. CONCLUSION Our findings thus highlight the importance of proper test-data normalization for valid assessment by external validation and call for caution on the choice of normalization method for molecular classifier development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Huei-Chung Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Li-Xuan Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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11
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Wu Y, Gao Y, Chen L, Jin X, Chen P, Mo Q. Prognostic implications of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes for recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 206:36-46. [PMID: 34195995 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The recurrence of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is largely attributed to tumour cells escaping from the surveillance of immune cells. However, to date there is a lack of studies that have systematically evaluated the associations between the infiltration fraction of immune cells and the recurrence risk of EOC. Based on the micro-ribonucleic acid (microRNA) expression profiles of 441 EOC patients, we constructed a microRNA-based panel with recurrence prediction potential using non-negative matrix factorization consensus clustering. Then, we evaluated the association between recurrence risk and infiltration proportions among 10 immune cell types by CIBERSORT and a multivariable Cox regression model. As a result, we identified a 72-microRNA-based panel that could stratify patients into high and low risk of recurrence. The infiltration of plasma cells and M1 macrophages was consistently significantly associated with the risk of recurrence in patients with EOC. Plasma cells were significantly associated with a decreased risk of relapse [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.58, p = 0.006), while M1 macrophages were associated with an increased risk of relapse (HR = 1.59, p = 0.003). Therefore, the 72-microRNA-based panel, M1 macrophages and plasma cells may hold potential to serve as recurrence predictors of EOC patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingxi Chen
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Xin Jin
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingbo Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Mo
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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The Role of miRNAs, miRNA Clusters, and isomiRs in Development of Cancer Stem Cell Populations in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031424. [PMID: 33572600 PMCID: PMC7867000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have a critical role in regulating stem cells (SCs) during development and altered expression can cause developmental defects and/or disease. Indeed, aberrant miRNA expression leads to wide-spread transcriptional dysregulation which has been linked to many cancers. Mounting evidence also indicates a role for miRNAs in the development of the cancer SC (CSC) phenotype. Our goal herein is to provide a review of: (i) current research on miRNAs and their targets in colorectal cancer (CRC), and (ii) miRNAs that are differentially expressed in colon CSCs. MicroRNAs can work in clusters or alone when targeting different SC genes to influence CSC phenotype. Accordingly, we discuss the specific miRNA cluster classifications and isomiRs that are predicted to target the ALDH1, CD166, BMI1, LRIG1, and LGR5 SC genes. miR-23b and miR-92A are of particular interest because our previously reported studies on miRNA expression in isolated normal versus malignant human colonic SCs showed that miR-23b and miR-92a are regulators of the LGR5 and LRIG1 SC genes, respectively. We also identify additional miRNAs whose expression inversely correlated with mRNA levels of their target genes and associated with CRC patient survival. Altogether, our deliberation on miRNAs, their clusters, and isomiRs in regulation of SC genes could provide insight into how dysregulation of miRNAs leads to the emergence of different CSC populations and SC overpopulation in CRC.
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Abstract
While the processing of mRNA is essential for gene expression, recent findings have highlighted that RNA processing is systematically altered in cancer. Mutations in RNA splicing factor genes and the shortening of 3' untranslated regions are widely observed. Moreover, evidence is accumulating that other types of RNAs, including circular RNAs, can contribute to tumorigenesis. In this Review, we highlight how altered processing or activity of coding and non-coding RNAs contributes to cancer. We introduce the regulation of gene expression by coding and non-coding RNA and discuss both established roles (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) and emerging roles (selective mRNA processing and circular RNAs) for RNAs, highlighting the potential mechanisms by which these RNA subtypes contribute to cancer. The widespread alteration of coding and non-coding RNA demonstrates that altered RNA biogenesis contributes to multiple hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Vihandha O Wickramasinghe
- RNA Biology and Cancer Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Li Y, Li W, Lin J, Lv C, Qiao G. miR-146a Enhances the Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel by Downregulating IRAK1. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 37:624-635. [PMID: 33259730 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-146a on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel (PTX). Materials and Methods: The mRNA expressions of miR-146a in normal breast cancer cells, MCF-7, and PTX-resistant breast cancer cells, MCF-7/PTX, were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). MTS was used to analyze the cytotoxicity treated with different concentrations of PTX. Overexpressed and silenced cell lines of miR-146a and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) were constructed, respectively. Cells were treated with PTX and observed the changes of cell morphology. Proliferation was detected by clone formation assay. Invasion and migration were measured by transwell. RT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of IRAK1 gene. Dual luciferase report was performed to validate the target relationship between miR-146a and IRAK1. Salvage experiments were used to further verify the relationship between miR-146a and IRAK1. Results: PTX reduces the viability of MCF-7 and MCF-7/PTX cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of PTX in MCF-7 cells was significantly lower compared with MCF-7/PTX cells (p < 0.05). Compared with MCF-7/PTX cells, the expression of miR-146a gene in MCF-7 cells was significantly increased, while the expression of IRAK1 gene was significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were decreased after miR-146a overexpression or IRAK1 silencing. Whereas, miR-146a silencing and IRAK1 overexpression can increase cell proliferation, invasion, and migration ability. Salvage experiments further verify that IRAK1 can weaken the role of miR-146a. Conclusion: miR-146a can enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to PTX; the mechanism may be related to the downregulation of IRAK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Weilong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunjing Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Guangdong Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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15
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The tumor suppressor microRNA let-7 inhibits human LINE-1 retrotransposition. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5712. [PMID: 33177501 PMCID: PMC7658363 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly half of the human genome is made of transposable elements (TEs) whose activity continues to impact its structure and function. Among them, Long INterspersed Element class 1 (LINE-1 or L1) elements are the only autonomously active TEs in humans. L1s are expressed and mobilized in different cancers, generating mutagenic insertions that could affect tumor malignancy. Tumor suppressor microRNAs are ∼22nt RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate oncogene expression and are frequently downregulated in cancer. Here we explore whether they also influence L1 mobilization. We show that downregulation of let-7 correlates with accumulation of L1 insertions in human lung cancer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that let-7 binds to the L1 mRNA and impairs the translation of the second L1-encoded protein, ORF2p, reducing its mobilization. Overall, our data reveals that let-7, one of the most relevant microRNAs, maintains somatic genome integrity by restricting L1 retrotransposition. Human Long INterspersed Element class 1 (LINE-1) elements are expressed and mobilized in many types of cancer, contributing to malignancy. Here the authors show that the tumor suppressor microRNA let-7 targets the LINE-1 mRNA and reduces LINE-1 mobilization.
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16
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Ke R, Lv L, Zhang S, Zhang F, Jiang Y. Functional mechanism and clinical implications of MicroRNA-423 in human cancers. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9036-9051. [PMID: 33174687 PMCID: PMC7724490 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a vital role in the regulatory mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Current research indicates that microRNA-423 (miR-423) is abnormally expressed in various human tumors and participates in multiple signaling pathways of cancer progression. In most studies, miR-423 was confirmed as oncomiR, while a few contradictory reports considered miR-423 as an anticancer miRNA. The paradoxical role in cancer may hinder the application of miR-423 as a diagnostic and therapeutic target. Simultaneously, the interaction mechanism between miR-423 and lncRNA also needs attention. In this review, we have summarized the dual role of aberrant miR-423 expression and its mechanisms in tumorigenesis, and the therapeutic potential of miR-423 in human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- RuiSheng Ke
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,The Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, China
| | - LiZhi Lv
- The Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou City, China
| | - SiYu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - FuXing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- The Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou City, China
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17
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Zhang H, Shen Z, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Zhang M, Jiang K, Wang S, Ye Y, Wang B. Downregulation of miR-654-3p in Colorectal Cancer Indicates Poor Prognosis and Promotes Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting SRC. Front Genet 2020; 11:577948. [PMID: 33193697 PMCID: PMC7554538 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.577948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-654-3p, regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level affecting malignant tumor behavior. However, the expression levels, function, and mechanism of miR-654-3p in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unknown. Methods The expression levels of miR-654-3p and SRC in 103 CRC tissues and matched normal colorectal tissues were detected by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). miR-654-3p was overexpressed by RNA mimics and SRC knockdown by siRNA. Function-based experiments were carried out to detect the proliferation and migration abilities in CRC cell lines. Flow cytometry assay was performed to evaluate the effect of miR-654-3p on cell apoptosis and cycle distribution. Xenograft tumor models in nude mice were utilized to evaluate miR-654-3p functions in vivo. Dual-fluorescence reporter assay was used to verify the direct binding between miR-654-3p and SRC. Results miR-654-3p was downregulated in CRC tissues as compared to matched normal colorectal tissues. The expression levels of miR-654-3p were closely associated with distant metastasis. In addition, elevated expression of miR-654-3p in CRC patients prolonged the overall survival. Upregulated miR-654-3p significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration capacity of CRC cells by enhancing apoptosis and promoting G0/G1 phase arrest. The direct binding between miR-654-3p and SRC was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter gene. Furthermore, the suppression of proliferation and migration capacity by elevated miR-654-3p level could be reversed by overexpressing SRC. Conclusion miR-654-3p acts as a tumor suppressor through regulating SRC. It might also serve as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator and a novel molecular target for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanlong Shen
- Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yushi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kewei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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18
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Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186975. [PMID: 32972022 PMCID: PMC7555847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal malignancies found in the gastrointestinal tract. At a molecular level, most GISTs are characterized by gain-of-function mutations in V-Kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KIT) and Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha (PDGFRA), leading to constitutive activated signaling through these receptor tyrosine kinases, which drive GIST pathogenesis. In addition to surgery, treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib forms the mainstay of GIST treatment, particularly in the advanced setting. Nevertheless, the majority of GISTs develop imatinib resistance. Biomarkers that indicate metastasis, drug resistance and disease progression early on could be of great clinical value. Likewise, novel treatment strategies that overcome resistance mechanisms are equally needed. Non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, can be employed as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarkers and have therapeutic potential. Here we review which non-coding RNAs are deregulated in GISTs, whether they can be linked to specific clinicopathological features and discuss how they can be used to improve the clinical management of GISTs.
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19
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Yan J, Wang ZH, Yan Y, Luo HN, Ren XY, Li N, Zheng GX, Hou J. RP11‑156L14.1 regulates SSR1 expression by competitively binding to miR‑548ao‑3p in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2080-2092. [PMID: 33000261 PMCID: PMC7551335 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in tumorigenesis. However, the role and function of lncRNAs in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) have not been completely elucidated. The present study explored the function of a novel lncRNA, RP11-156L14.1, in HSCC. RP11-156L14.1 was revealed to be highly expressed in HSCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of RP11-156L14.1 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in HSCC cells. Furthermore, RP11-156L14.1 regulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by controlling EMT-related protein expression. Mechanistically, RP11-156L14.1 exerted its function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and directly interacted with miR-548ao-3p. The present study also demonstrated that miR-548ao-3p regulated signal sequence receptor subunit 1 (SSR1) expression by targeting SSR1 3′-UTR. Moreover, the xenograft HSCC tumor model revealed that knockdown of RP11-156L14.1 markedly suppressed HSCC tumor growth in vivo. In summary, these findings indicated that the lncRNA RP11-156L14.1 functions as an oncogene in HSCC by competing with miR-548ao-3p in regulating SSR1 expression. The RP11-156L14.1/miR-548ao-3p/SSR1 axis could be utilized as a potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target for HSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Nan Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yong Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Xi Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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20
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Li H, Xu Y, Zhao D. MicroRNA-193b regulates human ovarian cancer cell growth via targeting STMN1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3310-3315. [PMID: 32855702 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common malignancy among women worldwide. Ovarian cancer exhibits no obvious symptoms in the early stage of tumorigenesis and currently, no effective methods for the early detection and treatment of ovarian cancer have been established. Therefore, the identification of novel targets is critical to the early diagnosis and clinical treatment of ovarian cancer. microRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs, which serve an important biological role in a number of physiological processes and in oncogenesis. Previous studies have reported that miRNA-193b is dysregulated in a variety of types of human cancer. However, the roles of miRNA-193b in human ovarian cancer has not been determined. The present study investigated the roles of miRNA-193b in human ovarian cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR results indicated that the expression of miRNA-193b in ovarian cancer cells was significantly down-regulated compared with non-malignant cells. Cell counting kit-8 results indicated that the up-regulation of miRNA-193b inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induced ovarian cancer cell apoptosis. The present study also indicated that stathmin 1 (STMN1) was a direct target of miRNA-193b, and the up-regulation of miRNA-193b significantly decreased the expression of STMN1 in ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that miRNA-193b serves as a tumor suppressor in human ovarian cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Therefore, the assessment of miRNA-193b may provide insight into a novel diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Shi Jia Zhuang The Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Department of Gynaecology, Shi Jia Zhuang The Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Danni Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, Shi Jia Zhuang The Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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21
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Uray K, Major E, Lontay B. MicroRNA Regulatory Pathways in the Control of the Actin-Myosin Cytoskeleton. Cells 2020; 9:E1649. [PMID: 32660059 PMCID: PMC7408560 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key modulators of post-transcriptional gene regulation in a plethora of processes, including actin-myosin cytoskeleton dynamics. Recent evidence points to the widespread effects of miRNAs on actin-myosin cytoskeleton dynamics, either directly on the expression of actin and myosin genes or indirectly on the diverse signaling cascades modulating cytoskeletal arrangement. Furthermore, studies from various human models indicate that miRNAs contribute to the development of various human disorders. The potentially huge impact of miRNA-based mechanisms on cytoskeletal elements is just starting to be recognized. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge about the importance of microRNA modulation of the actin-myosin cytoskeleton affecting physiological processes, including cardiovascular function, hematopoiesis, podocyte physiology, and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Uray
- Correspondence: (K.U.); (B.L.); Tel.: +36-52-412345 (K.U. & B.L.)
| | | | - Beata Lontay
- Correspondence: (K.U.); (B.L.); Tel.: +36-52-412345 (K.U. & B.L.)
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22
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Crawford BM, Wang HN, Stolarchuk C, von Furstenberg RJ, Strobbia P, Zhang D, Qin X, Owzar K, Garman KS, Vo-Dinh T. Plasmonic nanobiosensors for detection of microRNA cancer biomarkers in clinical samples. Analyst 2020; 145:4587-4594. [PMID: 32436503 PMCID: PMC9532004 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00193g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of biological processes and have demonstrated great potential as biomarkers for the early detection of various diseases, including esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and Barrett's esophagus (BE), the premalignant metaplasia associated with EAC. Herein, we demonstrate the direct detection of the esophageal cancer biomarker, miR-21, in RNA extracted from 17 endoscopic tissue biopsies using the nanophotonics technology our group has developed, termed the inverse molecular sentinel (iMS) nanobiosensor, with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. The potential of this label-free, homogeneous biosensor for cancer diagnosis without the need for target amplification was demonstrated by discriminating esophageal cancer and Barrett's esophagus from normal tissue with notable diagnostic accuracy. This work establishes the potential of the iMS nanobiosensor for cancer diagnostics via miRNA detection in clinical samples without the need for target amplification, validating the potential of this assay as part of a new diagnostic strategy. Combining miRNA diagnostics with the nanophotonics technology will result in a paradigm shift in achieving a general molecular analysis tool that has widespread applicability for cancer research as well as detection of cancer. We anticipate further development of this technique for future use in point-of-care testing as an alternative to histopathological diagnosis as our method provides a quick result following RNA isolation, allowing for timely treatment.
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23
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Crawford BM, Wang HN, Strobbia P, Zentella R, Pei ZM, Sun TP, Vo-Dinh T. Plasmonic Nanobiosensing: from in situ plant monitoring to cancer diagnostics at the point of care. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ab9714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nucleic acid biosensing technologies have the capability to provide valuable information in applications ranging from medical diagnostics to environmental sensing. The unique properties of plasmonic metallic nanoparticles have been used for sensing purposes and among them, plasmonic sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offer the advantages of sensitive and muliplexed detection owing to the narrow bandwidth of their characteristic Raman spectral features. This paper describes current applications that employ the unique SERS-based inverse molecular sentinel (iMS) nanobiosensors developed in our laboratory. Herein, we demonstrate the use of label-free iMS nanoprobes for detecting specific nucleic acid biomarkers in a wide variety of applications from cancer diagnostics to genetic monitoring for plant biology in renewable biofuel research.
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24
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Alkoussa S, Hulo S, Courcot D, Billet S, Martin PJ. Extracellular vesicles as actors in the air pollution related cardiopulmonary diseases. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:402-423. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1763252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Alkoussa
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Sébastien Hulo
- IMPact of Environmental ChemicalS on Human Health, ULR 4483 - IMPECS, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Occupational Health, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Perrine J. Martin
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
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25
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Schulz J, Takousis P, Wohlers I, Itua IOG, Dobricic V, Rücker G, Binder H, Middleton L, Ioannidis JPA, Perneczky R, Bertram L, Lill CM. Meta-analyses identify differentially expressed micrornas in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2020; 85:835-851. [PMID: 30990912 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated (dys)regulation of gene expression has been implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD), although results of miRNA expression studies remain inconclusive. We aimed to identify miRNAs that show consistent differential expression across all published expression studies in PD. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search on miRNA expression studies in PD and extracted data from eligible publications. After stratification for brain, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived specimen, we performed meta-analyses across miRNAs assessed in three or more independent data sets. Meta-analyses were performed using effect-size- and p-value-based methods, as applicable. RESULTS After screening 599 publications, we identified 47 data sets eligible for meta-analysis. On these, we performed 160 meta-analyses on miRNAs quantified in brain (n = 125), blood (n = 31), or CSF (n = 4). Twenty-one meta-analyses were performed using effect sizes. We identified 13 significantly (Bonferroni-adjusted α = 3.13 × 10-4 ) differentially expressed miRNAs in brain (n = 3) and blood (n = 10) with consistent effect directions across studies. The most compelling findings were with hsa-miR-132-3p (p = 6.37 × 10-5 ), hsa-miR-497-5p (p = 1.35 × 10-4 ), and hsa-miR-133b (p = 1.90 × 10-4 ) in brain and with hsa-miR-221-3p (p = 4.49 × 10-35 ), hsa-miR-214-3p (p = 2.00 × 10-34 ), and hsa-miR-29c-3p (p = 3.00 × 10-12 ) in blood. No significant signals were found in CSF. Analyses of genome-wide association study data for target genes of brain miRNAs showed significant association (α = 9.40 × 10-5 ) of genetic variants in nine loci. INTERPRETATION We identified several miRNAs that showed highly significant differential expression in PD. Future studies may assess the possible role of the identified brain miRNAs in pathogenesis and disease progression as well as the potential of the top blood miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, progression, or prediction of PD. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:835-851.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schulz
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Petros Takousis
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Inken Wohlers
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ivie O G Itua
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valerija Dobricic
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gerta Rücker
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lefkos Middleton
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Departments of Medicine, Health Research and Policy, Biomedical Data Science, and Statistics, and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, CA
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany.,West London Mental Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Bertram
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christina M Lill
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Role of miR-21 as an authentic oncogene in mediating drug resistance in breast cancer. Gene 2020; 738:144453. [PMID: 32035242 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women that is responsible for the most of the cancer-related death in worldwide. Drug resistance is remaining as a significant clinical obstacle to treat BC patients effectively. Therefore, to help overcome this problem, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of drug resistance. microRNAs classify as highly conserved non-coding RNAs (~22 nucleotides) and interact with mRNAs-coding genes for direct post-transcriptional repression. It has been reported that miR-21 is overexpressed and also acts as oncomiR in many human malignancies by targeting of several tumor suppressor genes-associated with apoptosis, proliferation and metastasis. Specifically, it has been reported that miR-21 is responsible for the drug resistance and its overexpression is related to the development of Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) in breast cancer. In this review, we discussed about the role of miR-21 on the drug resistance of breast cancer.
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27
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Torres R, Lang UE, Hejna M, Shelton SJ, Joseph NM, Shain AH, Yeh I, Wei ML, Oldham MC, Bastian BC, Judson-Torres RL. MicroRNA Ratios Distinguish Melanomas from Nevi. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:164-173.e7. [PMID: 31580842 PMCID: PMC6926155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of microRNAs as biomarkers has been proposed for many diseases, including the diagnosis of melanoma. Although hundreds of microRNAs have been identified as differentially expressed in melanomas as compared to benign melanocytic lesions, a limited consensus has been achieved across studies, constraining the effective use of these potentially useful markers. In this study, we applied a machine learning-based pipeline to a dataset consisting of genetic features, clinical features, and next-generation microRNA sequencing from micro-dissected formalin-fixed paraffin embedded melanomas and their adjacent benign precursor nevi. We identified patient age and tumor cellularity as variables that frequently confound the measured expression of potentially diagnostic microRNAs. By employing the ratios of microRNAs that were either enriched or depleted in melanoma compared to the nevi as a normalization strategy, we developed a model that classified all the available published cohorts with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.98. External validation on an independent cohort classified lesions with 81% sensitivity and 88% specificity and was uninfluenced by the tumor content of the sample or patient age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Torres
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ursula E Lang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Miroslav Hejna
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Samuel J Shelton
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nancy M Joseph
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - A Hunter Shain
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Iwei Yeh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Maria L Wei
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael C Oldham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Boris C Bastian
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert L Judson-Torres
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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28
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Boubaker NS, Spagnuolo M, Trabelsi N, Said R, Gurtner A, Regazzo G, Ayed H, Blel A, Karray O, Saadi A, Rammeh S, Chebil M, Rizzo MG, Piaggio G, Ouerhani S. miR-143 expression profiles in urinary bladder cancer: correlation with clinical and epidemiological parameters. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1283-1292. [PMID: 31863330 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hsa-mir-143 and hsa-let-7c have been reported to be deregulated in multiple neoplasms. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of these miRNAs in bladder cancer (BCa) and to analyze the association between their expression profiles and clinical and epidemiological parameters. Ninety BCa specimens were included. Expression patterns of miR-143 and let-7c were assessed by qRT-PCR using Taqman specific probes. Validated and predicted targets of these miRNA's were identified using CSmiRTar and DAVID tools, respectively. miR-143 was downregulated in tumors compared to controls (mean fold-change (FC) = 0.076). Its expression was significantly higher in MIBC compared to NMIBC (p = 0,001). Its value as a potential biomarker discriminating non invasive tumors from the invasive ones was confirmed by ROC curve (AUC = 0.768; p = 0.0001). Also, this down-regulation positively correlates with frequency of tobacco use (p = 0,04) and chronic alcohol consumption (p = 0,04). Let-7c was overexpressed in BCa samples (mean (FC = 9.92) compared to non tumoral ones but was not associated to clinical and epidemiological parameters. A comprehensive overview of miR-143 targets and pathways implicated in BCa initiation, diagnosis or prognosis using bioinformatical analysis, was conducted. While both deregulated miRNAs may contribute to urothelial tumorigenesis, the deregulation of miR-143 was significantly correlated to epidemiological and clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Setti Boubaker
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis (INSAT), The University of Tunis Carthage, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, UOSD SAFU, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Spagnuolo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Nesrine Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis (INSAT), The University of Tunis Carthage, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Said
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis (INSAT), The University of Tunis Carthage, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aymone Gurtner
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, UOSD SAFU, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Regazzo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Haroun Ayed
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis (INSAT), The University of Tunis Carthage, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Tunis, Tunisia.,Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Blel
- Pathology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Omar Karray
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Saadi
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis (INSAT), The University of Tunis Carthage, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Tunis, Tunisia.,Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Rammeh
- Pathology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chebil
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maria Giulia Rizzo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, UOSD SAFU, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Slah Ouerhani
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis (INSAT), The University of Tunis Carthage, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Tunis, Tunisia.
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29
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Yin Q, Wang PP, Peng R, Zhou H. MiR-19a enhances cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness through enhancing lymphangiogenesis by targeting thrombospondin-1 in colorectal cancer. Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 97:731-739. [PMID: 31199884 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a devastating disease with high mortality and morbidity, and the underlying mechanisms of miR-19a in CRC are poorly understood. In our study, dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to evaluate the binding of miR-19a with thrombospondin-1 (THBS1). Cell viability, migration, and invasiveness were assessed using MTT, wound healing, and Transwell assays, respectively. Tube-formation assays with human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) were used to evaluate lymphangiogenesis, and tumor xenograft assays were used to measure tumor growth. The results showed that miR-19a was up-regulated and THBS1 was down-regulated in CRC tissues and cells. Applying an inhibitor of miR-19a suppressed survival, migration, and invasiveness, and inhibited the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC). Further mechanistic study identified that THBS1 is a direct target of miR-19a. THBS1 silencing attenuated the above-mentioned suppressive effects induced with the miR-19a inhibitor. Furthermore, the miR-19a inhibitor suppressed the migration and tube-formation abilities of HLECs via targeting the THBS1–MMP-9/VEGFC signaling pathway. And the inhibition of miR-19a also suppressed tumor growth and lymphatic tube formation in vivo. In conclusion, miR-19a inhibition suppresses the viability, migration, and invasiveness of CRC cells, and suppresses the migration and tube-formation abilities of HLECs, and further, inhibits tumor growth and lymphatic tube formation in vivo via targeting THBS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yin
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Pei Wang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
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30
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Sander M, Herranz H. MicroRNAs in Drosophila Cancer Models. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1167:157-173. [PMID: 31520354 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23629-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MiRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression which have been implicated in virtually all biological processes. MiRNAs are frequently dysregulated in human cancers. However, the functional consequences of aberrant miRNA levels are not well understood. Drosophila is emerging as an important in vivo tumor model, especially in the identification of novel cancer genes. Here, we review Drosophila studies which functionally dissect the roles of miRNAs in tumorigenesis. Ultimately, these advances help to understand the implications of miRNA dysregulation in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Sander
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Héctor Herranz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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31
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The transcribed pseudogene RPSAP52 enhances the oncofetal HMGA2-IGF2BP2-RAS axis through LIN28B-dependent and independent let-7 inhibition. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3979. [PMID: 31484926 PMCID: PMC6726650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One largely unknown question in cell biology is the discrimination between inconsequential and functional transcriptional events with relevant regulatory functions. Here, we find that the oncofetal HMGA2 gene is aberrantly reexpressed in many tumor types together with its antisense transcribed pseudogene RPSAP52. RPSAP52 is abundantly present in the cytoplasm, where it interacts with the RNA binding protein IGF2BP2/IMP2, facilitating its binding to mRNA targets, promoting their translation by mediating their recruitment on polysomes and enhancing proliferative and self-renewal pathways. Notably, downregulation of RPSAP52 impairs the balance between the oncogene LIN28B and the tumor suppressor let-7 family of miRNAs, inhibits cellular proliferation and migration in vitro and slows down tumor growth in vivo. In addition, high levels of RPSAP52 in patient samples associate with a worse prognosis in sarcomas. Overall, we reveal the roles of a transcribed pseudogene that may display properties of an oncofetal master regulator in human cancers.
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32
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Konno M, Koseki J, Asai A, Yamagata A, Shimamura T, Motooka D, Okuzaki D, Kawamoto K, Mizushima T, Eguchi H, Takiguchi S, Satoh T, Mimori K, Ochiya T, Doki Y, Ofusa K, Mori M, Ishii H. Distinct methylation levels of mature microRNAs in gastrointestinal cancers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3888. [PMID: 31467274 PMCID: PMC6715669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological significance of micro (mi)RNAs has traditionally been evaluated according to their RNA expression levels based on the assumption that miRNAs recognize and regulate their targets in an unvarying fashion. Here we show that a fraction of mature miRNAs including miR-17-5p, -21-5p, and -200c-3p and let-7a-5p harbor methyl marks that potentially alter their stability and target recognition. Importantly, methylation of these miRNAs was significantly increased in cancer tissues as compared to paired normal tissues. Furthermore, miR-17-5p methylation level in serum samples distinguished early pancreatic cancer patients from healthy controls with extremely high sensitivity and specificity. These findings provide a basis for diagnostic strategies for early-stage cancer and add a dimension to our understanding of miRNA biology. In cancer it is assumed that microRNAs recognise and regulate their targets uniformly. Here, the authors show that in gastrointestinal cancers methylation of microRNAs may impact their stability, and that levels of microRNA methylation are distinct in pancreatic cancer patients compared to healthy controls with potential diagnostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Konno
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery/ Medical Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayumu Asai
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery/ Medical Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Yamagata
- Prophoenix Division, Food and Life-Science Laboratory, Idea Consultants, Inc., Osaka-city, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taroh Satoh
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Ofusa
- Prophoenix Division, Food and Life-Science Laboratory, Idea Consultants, Inc., Osaka-city, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery/ Medical Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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33
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Zhang X, Ye Y, Fu M, Zheng B, Qiu Q, Huang Z. Implication of viral microRNAs in the genesis and diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3433-3442. [PMID: 31516561 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is tightly associated with a variety of human tumors, including Burkitt lymphoma and acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related lymphoma of B-cell origin, as well as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric cancer of epithelial origin. The virus latently infects the host cells and expresses proteins and non-coding RNAs to achieve malignancy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are small RNAs consisting of 19-25 nucleotides, which directly bind to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNAs to promote degradation and inhibit translation of mRNAs. EBV-encoded miRs are generated from two regions of the viral genome, within the apoptosis regulator BHRF1 gene locus and near the BamHI A region in a latency type-dependent manner. In addition, EBV-encoded miRs epigenetically regulate the expression of molecules that are effectors of the cell cycle progression, migration, apoptosis and innate immunity, serving a vital role in supporting viral replication and occurrence of EBV-associated tumors. The feasibility of using such miRs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of EBV-associated tumors is currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chinese-American Collaborative Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Yudong Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology, Dongguan City People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523059, P.R. China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Dongguan City People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523059, P.R. China
| | - Biying Zheng
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Qianhui Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pearl River Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chinese-American Collaborative Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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34
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Wu Q, Wang H, Gong K, Shang J, Liu X, Wang F. Construction of an Autonomous Nonlinear Hybridization Chain Reaction for Extracellular Vesicles-Associated MicroRNAs Discrimination. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10172-10179. [PMID: 31288510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising tumor biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis, as primary tumor-secreted EVs carry characteristic molecular information on parent cells. It is thus desirable to realize the efficient discrimination of the signatured EVs-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) with low expression and subtle variation. Here, we introduce an autonomous nonlinear enzyme-free signal amplification paradigm for EVs discrimination through a highly sensitive and selective detection of their inherent miRNAs in situ. Our proposed amplifier consists of a modularized DNAzyme-amplified two-stage cascaded hybridization chain reaction (CHCR-DNAzyme) circuit, where the analyte-generated output of the preceding hybridization chain reaction (HCR1) stage serves as input to motivate the following hybridization chain reaction (HCR2) stage and the concomitant assembly of numerous DNAzyme biocatalysts. By incorporating a flexibly configurable sensing module, this modular CHCR-DNAzyme circuit can further extend to "plug-and-play" sensing mode that enables the miRNA assay with high specificity. The sophisticated design and the detecting performance of our CHCR-DNAzyme scheme were systematically investigated in vitro. The optimized CHCR-DNAzyme system was further applied for distinguishing EVs derived from different cells through the amplified detection of a putative miRNA biomarker in EVs. This compact CHCR-DNAzyme amplifier provides a universal and facile toolbox for highly efficient identification of multiple miRNAs-involved EVs and thus holds great potential for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Gong
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , People's Republic of China
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35
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Yu M, Xu B, Yang H, Xue S, Zhang R, Zhang H, Ying X, Dai Z. MicroRNA-218 regulates the chemo-sensitivity of cervical cancer cells through targeting survivin. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6511-6519. [PMID: 31372052 PMCID: PMC6636183 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s199659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies among women in the world. Every year about 311,365 women die because of cervical cancer. Chemo-resistance is the main reason of the lethal malignancies, and the mechanism of chemo-resistance in cervical cancer still remains largely elusive. Purpose: Previous studies reported that microRNAs played important biological roles in the chemo-resistance in many types of cancers, in the present study we tried to investigate the biological roles of microRNA-218 in chemo-resistance in cervical cancer cells. Results: Real-time PCR results indicated microRNA-218 was downregulated in cisplatin-resistant HeLa/DDP and SiHa/DDP cells compared with the mock HeLa and SiHa cells. CCK-8 assay results showed upregulation of microRNA-218 enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity of cervical cancer cells; while downregulation of microRNA-218 decreased the cisplatin sensitivity of cervical cancer cells. Dual-luciferase assay indicated survivin was a direct target of microRNA-218. Western blotting and PCR results indicated the expression of survivin in HeLa/DDP and SiHa/DDP cells was significantly increased compared with HeLa and SiHa cells. Further study indicated induction of microRNA-218 decreased the expression of survivin while inhibition of microRNA-218 increased the expression of survivin in cervical cancer cells. Cell apoptosis results indicated induction of microRNA-218 induced the cell apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Conclusion: Our data revealed microRNA-218 enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity in cervical cancer cells through regulation of cell growth and cell apoptosis, which could potentially benefit to the cervical cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Baozhen Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Nanjing 211200, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huaian 223002, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Dai
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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36
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MicroRNA targeting by quercetin in cancer treatment and chemoprotection. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104346. [PMID: 31295570 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of evidences from clinical and preclinical studies have shown that dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) function contributes to the progression of cancer and thus miRNA can be an effective target in therapy. Dietary phytochemicals, such as quercetin, are natural products that have potential anti-cancer properties due to their proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. Available experimental studies indicate that quercetin could modulate multiple cancer-relevant miRNAs including let-7, miR-21, miR-146a and miR-155, thereby inhibiting cancer initiation and development. This paper reviews the data supporting the use of quercetin for miRNA-mediated chemopreventive and therapeutic strategies in various cancers, with the aim to comprehensively understand its health-promoting benefits and pharmacological potential. Integration of technology platforms for miRNAs biomarker and drug discovery is also presented.
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37
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Vitali F, Li Q, Schissler AG, Berghout J, Kenost C, Lussier YA. Developing a 'personalome' for precision medicine: emerging methods that compute interpretable effect sizes from single-subject transcriptomes. Brief Bioinform 2019; 20:789-805. [PMID: 29272327 PMCID: PMC6585155 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbx149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of computational methods capable of analyzing -omics data at the individual level is critical for the success of precision medicine. Although unprecedented opportunities now exist to gather data on an individual's -omics profile ('personalome'), interpreting and extracting meaningful information from single-subject -omics remain underdeveloped, particularly for quantitative non-sequence measurements, including complete transcriptome or proteome expression and metabolite abundance. Conventional bioinformatics approaches have largely been designed for making population-level inferences about 'average' disease processes; thus, they may not adequately capture and describe individual variability. Novel approaches intended to exploit a variety of -omics data are required for identifying individualized signals for meaningful interpretation. In this review-intended for biomedical researchers, computational biologists and bioinformaticians-we survey emerging computational and translational informatics methods capable of constructing a single subject's 'personalome' for predicting clinical outcomes or therapeutic responses, with an emphasis on methods that provide interpretable readouts. Key points: (i) the single-subject analytics of the transcriptome shows the greatest development to date and, (ii) the methods were all validated in simulations, cross-validations or independent retrospective data sets. This survey uncovers a growing field that offers numerous opportunities for the development of novel validation methods and opens the door for future studies focusing on the interpretation of comprehensive 'personalomes' through the integration of multiple -omics, providing valuable insights into individual patient outcomes and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qike Li
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Hu Y, Qi C, Liu X, Zhang C, Gao J, Wu Y, Yang J, Zhao Q, Li J, Wang X, Shen L. Malignant ascites-derived exosomes promote peritoneal tumor cell dissemination and reveal a distinct miRNA signature in advanced gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 457:142-150. [PMID: 31075288 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination (PD) is the most frequent metastasis with poor prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the molecular mechanisms of PD remain poorly defined. Exosomes play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of malignant ascites (MA)-derived exosomes from GC patients on tumor cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. In vitro and in vivo analysis showed that compared to exosome-depleted supernatants, exosomes from MA of GC patients promoted invasion of AGS cells by up-regulation of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling. In a mouse abdominal xenograft model, the median survival was shorter after MA-derived exosomes treatment than the control group (35.5 days versus 67 days, p = 0.0005). Moreover, 29 exosomal miRNAs from ascites were identified by high throughput sequencing among 8 paired GC patients before and after peritoneal chemotherapy and 3 individuals with non-malignant disease. In summary, MA-derived exosomes from patients with GC promote EMT signaling in GC cells and in mouse peritoneal tumor model. Differential exosomal miRNAs might be targeted therapeutically for inhibiting peritoneal metastasis, which provides new insights for the molecular mechanisms of PD in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Changsong Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Echo Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital (BTCH), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education/Beijing, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Zhao Q, Chen S, Zhu Z, Yu L, Ren Y, Jiang M, Weng J, Li B. miR-21 promotes EGF-induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by targeting Spry2. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1157. [PMID: 30464258 PMCID: PMC6249286 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant cancer that lacks effective targets for therapy. Alteration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression has been recognized as an essential molecular event in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play critical roles in EGF signaling regulation, tumor initiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Here, we demonstrated that miR-21 expression was induced by EGF in pancreatic cancer cells. miR-21 promoted EGF-induced proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis and accelerated cell cycle progression. In vivo experiments confirmed the influence of miR-21 on tumor growth. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-21 targeted MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways to modulate cell proliferation. In addition, Spry2 was proven to be a target of miR-21. Furthermore, miR-21 and Spry2 were significantly related to clinical features and may be valuable predictors of PDAC patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Sumin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhonglin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, 450003, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lanting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yingchun Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Mingjie Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Junyong Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Baiwen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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40
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Liu JK, Liu HF, Ding Y, Gao GD. Predictive value of microRNA let-7a expression for efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12847. [PMID: 30383637 PMCID: PMC6221706 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a well-known cancer with high mortality, lung cancer has been implied to be closely associated with brain metastasis. Despite notable advances, effective treatment methods are still in urgent need. This study aims to investigate the value of serum microRNA-let-7a (miR-let-7a) expression in predicting efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis. METHODS To begin with, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed for better understand of the correlation between miR-let-7a and lung cancer. Afterwards, the relationship between serum miR-let-7a expression and radiotherapy efficacy was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Following successful transfection, RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were utilized for evaluating the involvement of miR-let-7a in regulation of DICER1 expression in lung cancer cell line. Then, whether miR-let-7a was implicated in proliferation and cell cycle distribution of lung cancer cells were confirmed by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry respectively. RESULTS Initially, it was revealed that serum miR-let-7a expression was decreased in lung cancer. Later, we found that decreased miR-let-7a displayed an unfavorable role in radiotherapy efficacy and overall survival rate of patients with lung cancer brain metastasis. After the successful transfection, the inverse relationship between miR-let-7a and DICER1 expression was uncovered. Meanwhile, biological behaviors of lung cancer cells were presented to be limited after transfection of overexpressed miR-let-7a. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that the lower expression of miR-let-7a in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis was closely related to unfavorable efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy, and it may be an important predictive biomarker by regulation of DICER1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining
| | - Hong-Feng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining
| | - Yong Ding
- Department of Surgery, Weishan People's Hospital, Weishan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Dong Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining
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Yang Y, Qu A, Zhao R, Hua M, Zhang X, Dong Z, Zheng G, Pan H, Wang H, Yang X, Zhang Y. Genome-wide identification of a novel miRNA-based signature to predict recurrence in patients with gastric cancer. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:2072-2084. [PMID: 30242969 PMCID: PMC6275280 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging system is inadequate for identifying high-risk gastric cancer (GC) patients. Using a systematic and comprehensive-biomarker discovery and validation approach, we attempted to build a microRNA (miRNA)-recurrence classifier (MRC) to improve the prognostic prediction of GC. We identified 312 differentially expressed miRNAs in 446 GC tissues compared to 45 normal controls by analyzing high-throughput data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using a Cox regression model, we developed an 11-miRNA signature that could successfully discriminate high-risk patients in the training set (n = 372; P < 0.0001). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction-based validation in an independent clinical cohort (n = 88) of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded clinical GC samples showed that MRC-derived high-risk patients succumb to significantly poor recurrence-free survival in GC patients (P < 0.0001). Cox and stratification analysis indicated that the prognostic value of this signature was independent of clinicopathological risk factors. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that the area under the curve of this signature was significantly larger than that of TNM stage in the TCGA (0.733 vs. 0.589 at 3 years, P = 0.004; 0.802 vs. 0.635 at 5 years, P = 0.005) and validation cohort (0.835 vs. 0.689 at 3 years, P = 0.003). A nomogram was constructed for clinical use, which integrated both MRC and clinical-related variables (depth of invasion, lymph node status and distance metastasis) and did well in the calibration plots. In conclusion, this novel miRNA-based signature is superior to currently used clinicopathological features for identifying high-risk GC patients. It can be readily translated into clinical practice with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens for specific decision-making applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ailin Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Hua
- Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaogang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guixi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongchun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Zhang H, Jiang M, Liu Q, Han Z, Zhao Y, Ji S. miR-145-5p inhibits the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells by targeting TAGLN2. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6355-6360. [PMID: 30405771 PMCID: PMC6202496 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) is found to be involved in tumor development and progression. However, there are few studies on the effects of miR-145-5p on bladder cancer (BC). The role of miR-145-5p in BC was predicted by analysis of cell proliferation and migration in this study. The miR-145-5p and transgelin-2 (TAGLN2) expressions were evaluated via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) or western blot analysis. The MTT and Transwell assay assessed cell proliferation and migration. TAGLN2 targeted to miR-145-5p was determined using luciferase assays. The results showed that the miR-145-5p downregulation was found in BC. miR-145-5p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and migration in BC. Moreover, miR-145-5p directly targeted TAGLN2, and TAGLN2 expression was increased in BC. In addition, the high expression of TAGLN2 promoted cell proliferation and migration in BC. miR-145-5p appeared to regulate TAGLN2 in BC, and it also inhibited the cell proliferation and migration. The novel miR-145-5p/TAGLN2 axis may provide new therapeutic implications for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Meijuan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Zhixing Han
- Department of Urology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Yuqian Zhao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Ji
- Department of Urology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
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Lekka E, Hall J. Noncoding RNAs in disease. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2884-2900. [PMID: 29972883 PMCID: PMC6174949 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs are emerging as potent and multifunctional regulators in all biological processes. In parallel, a rapidly growing number of studies has unravelled associations between aberrant noncoding RNA expression and human diseases. These associations have been extensively reviewed, often with the focus on a particular microRNA (miRNA) (family) or a selected disease/pathology. In this Mini‐Review, we highlight a selection of studies in order to demonstrate the wide‐scale involvement of miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in the pathophysiology of three types of diseases: cancer, cardiovascular and neurological disorders. This research is opening new avenues to novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Lekka
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
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44
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Menezes MR, Balzeau J, Hagan JP. 3' RNA Uridylation in Epitranscriptomics, Gene Regulation, and Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:61. [PMID: 30057901 PMCID: PMC6053540 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates a wide range of post-transcriptional RNA modifications that play crucial roles in fundamental biological processes including regulating gene expression. Collectively, they are known as epitranscriptomics. Recent studies implicate 3' RNA uridylation, the non-templated addition of uridine(s) to the terminal end of RNA, as a key player in epitranscriptomics. In this review, we describe the functional roles and significance of 3' terminal RNA uridylation that has diverse functions in regulating both mRNAs and non-coding RNAs. In mammals, three Terminal Uridylyl Transferases (TUTases) are primarily responsible for 3' RNA uridylation. These enzymes are also referred to as polyU polymerases. TUTase 1 (TUT1) is implicated in U6 snRNA maturation via uridylation. The TUTases TUT4 and/or TUT7 are the predominant mediators of all other cellular uridylation. Terminal uridylation promotes turnover for many polyadenylated mRNAs, replication-dependent histone mRNAs that lack polyA-tails, and aberrant structured noncoding RNAs. In addition, uridylation regulates biogenesis of a subset of microRNAs and generates isomiRs, sequent variant microRNAs that have altered function in specific cases. For example, the RNA binding protein and proto-oncogene LIN28A and TUT4 work together to polyuridylate pre-let-7, thereby blocking biogenesis and function of the tumor suppressor let-7 microRNA family. In contrast, monouridylation of Group II pre-miRNAs creates an optimal 3' overhang that promotes recognition and subsequent cleavage by the Dicer-TRBP complex that then yields the mature microRNA. Also, uridylation may play a role in non-canonical microRNA biogenesis. The overall significance of 3' RNA uridylation is discussed with an emphasis on mammalian development, gene regulation, and disease, including cancer and Perlman syndrome. We also introduce recent changes to the HUGO-approved gene names for multiple terminal nucleotidyl transferases that affects in part TUTase nomenclature (TUT1/TENT1, TENT2/PAPD4/GLD2, TUT4/ZCCHC11/TENT3A, TUT7/ZCCHC6/TENT3B, TENT4A/PAPD7, TENT4B/PAPD5, TENT5A/FAM46A, TENT5B/FAM46B, TENT5C/FAM46C, TENT5D/FAM46D, MTPAP/TENT6/PAPD1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam R Menezes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Julien Balzeau
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P Hagan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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45
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Zhi Y, Zhou H, Mubalake A, Chen Y, Zhang B, Zhang K, Chu X, Wang R. Regulation and functions of MicroRNA-149 in human cancers. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12465. [PMID: 29999552 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in the regulatory mechanisms involving cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Recent research efforts have been conducted to apply these discoveries into clinical functions, including the early diagnosis and therapeutic outcome of patients with cancer. Previous studies have shown that microRNA-149 (miR-149) is dysregulated in various human cancers and exerts its effects on tumorigenesis and tumour progression. In this review, we summarized the potential roles of miR-149 dysregulation and its target genes during tumorigenesis and clinical treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Zhi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Abudoureyimu Mubalake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Jiang S, Liu Y, Huang L, Zhang F, Kang R. Effects of propofol on cancer development and chemotherapy: Potential mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 831:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Macedo F, Ladeira K, Longatto-Filho A, Martins SF. Editor’s Pick: Pyruvate Kinase and Gastric Cancer: A Potential Marker. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10313567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and the 5-year overall survival rate for advanced gastric cancer is ≤25%. Metabolism is a critical process for maintaining growth and other functions in cancer cells; in these cells, the metabolic process shifts from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and the expression of pyruvate kinase (PK) splice isoform M2 (PKM2) is upregulated. A PubMed search focussing on PK in gastric cancer was conducted and 32 articles were initially collected; 12 articles were subsequently excluded from this review. PKM2 is responsible for tumour growth and invasion and correlates with short survival times and cancer differentiation. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 is associated with cell proliferation, lymph node metastasis, and invasion. Measurement of PKM2 or pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 in the blood or stools could be a good marker for gastric cancer in combination with the glycoprotein CA72-4. The review arose from the need for new biomarkers in the management of gastric cancer and had the primary objective of determining whether PK could be used as a marker to diagnose and monitor gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Macedo
- Portuguese Oncology Institute – Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Kátia Ladeira
- Portuguese Oncology Institute – Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Life and Health Science Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Science Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal 5. Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Medical Investigation 14, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra F. Martins
- Life and Health Science Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal; Surgery Department, Coloproctology Unit, Braga Hospital, Braga, Portugal
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Dong XM, Zhu Y, Chen LH. Reduced miR-433 expression is associated with advanced stages and early relapse of colorectal cancer and restored miR-433 expression suppresses the migration, invasion and proliferation of tumor cells in vitro and in nude mice. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7579-7588. [PMID: 29740483 PMCID: PMC5934730 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of microRNA (miR-433) is altered in various types of human cancer. The present study analyzed the prognostic and biological value of miR-433 expression in colorectal cancer using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 125 colorectal tissue specimens (including a test cohort of 40 cases of paired colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosae and a confirmation cohort of 85 cases of stage I–III colorectal cancer). In vitro and nude mouse xenograft experiments were subsequently used to assess the effects of miR-433 expression on the regulation of colorectal cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion. The data indicated that miR-433 expression was significantly downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues in the test and confirmation patient cohorts and that low miR-433 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage and early relapse. Furthermore, the restoration of miR-433 expression was able to significantly inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing G1-S cell cycle arrest, suppressing cyclinD1 and CDK4 expression, and markedly inhibited the migratory and invasive capacities of tumor cells in vitro. The restoration of miR-433 expression or liposome-based delivery of miR-433 mimics suppressed the growth of colorectal cancer cell xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, miR-433 may be a putative tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer, and the detection of low miR-433 expression will be investigated in further studies as a putative biomarker for the detection of early relapse in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Min Dong
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Long-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Bhome R, Del Vecchio F, Lee GH, Bullock MD, Primrose JN, Sayan AE, Mirnezami AH. Exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs): Small molecules with a big role in cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 420:228-235. [PMID: 29425686 PMCID: PMC5831981 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are secreted vesicles which can transmit molecular cargo between cells. Exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) have drawn much attention in recent years because there is increasing evidence to suggest that loading of microRNAs into exosomes is not a random process. Preclinical studies have identified functional roles for exomiRs in influencing many hallmarks of cancer. Mechanisms underpinning their actions, such as exomiR receptors ("miRceptors"), are now becoming apparent. Even more exciting is the fact that exomiRs are highly suitable candidates for use as non-invasive biomarkers in an era of personalized cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhome
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; University Surgical Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | | | - Gui-Han Lee
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; University Surgical Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Marc D Bullock
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; University Surgical Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Alex H Mirnezami
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; University Surgical Unit, University of Southampton, UK.
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Shimagaki T, Yoshizumi T, Harimoto N, Yoshio S, Naito Y, Yamamoto Y, Ochiya T, Yoshida Y, Kanto T, Maehara Y. MicroRNA-125b expression and intrahepatic metastasis are predictors for early recurrence after hepatocellular carcinoma resection. Hepatol Res 2018; 48:313-321. [PMID: 28984009 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after curative resection is a known poor prognostic factor. We aimed to identify microRNAs associated with recurrence after curative HCC resection. METHODS To identify risk factors for early recurrence and metastasis, 694 patients who underwent primary curative HCC resection were analyzed. We evaluated microRNA expression in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues by microarray and quantitative PCR analyses using 16 HCC samples. We defined patients who had a recurrence within 1 year of resection as the early recurrence (ER) group, patients who had a recurrence within 1-5 years as the late recurrence (LR) group, and patients who did not recur during the 5-year observation period as the no recurrence (NR) group. We examined the relationship between microRNA expression and clinical features. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that α-fetoprotein >31 ng/mL, tumor size >4 cm, and intrahepatic metastasis (IM) were significant factors. Afterwards, microarray analyses revealed that microRNA (miR)-125b-5p and miR-148a-3p were significantly downregulated in recurrent cases. The ratio of miR-125b-5p expression in cancerous versus non-cancerous tissue (miR-125b ratio), but not miR-148a-3p, was significantly lower in the ER group. Early recurrence was associated with reduced overall survival compared with the LR and NR group. The miR-125b ratio was significantly lower in the ER group than in the LR and NR groups. Multivariate analysis showed that a low miR-125b ratio and IM were independently associated with ER and disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Assessing tissue miR-125b-5p expression and IM is useful for stratifying patients at risk of early HCC recurrence after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Shimagaki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Harimoto
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Yoshio
- The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Naito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshida
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kanto
- The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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