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Schmutz C, Will F, Varga E, Jaunecker C, Pahlke G, Berger W, Marko D. In Vitro Inhibitory Potential of Different Anthocyanin-Rich Berry Extracts in Murine CT26 Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:7684. [PMID: 38067418 PMCID: PMC10707341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-oxidant, -inflammatory, and -carcinogenic activities of bioactive plant constituents, such as anthocyanins, have been widely discussed in literature. However, the potential interaction of anthocyanin-rich extracts with routinely used chemotherapeutics is still not fully elucidated. In the present study, anthocyanin-rich polyphenol extracts of blackberry (BB), bilberry (Bil), black currant (BC), elderberry (EB), and their respective main anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside) were investigated concerning their cytotoxic and DNA-damaging properties in murine CT26 cells either alone or in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent SN-38. BB exerted potent cytotoxic effects, while Bil, BC, and EB only had marginal effects on cell viability. Single anthocyanins comprised of the extracts could not induce comparable effects. Even though the BB extract further pronounced SN-38-induced cytotoxicity and inhibited cell adhesion at 100-200 µg/mL, no effect on DNA damage was observed. In conclusion, anti-carcinogenic properties of the extracts on CT26 cells could be ranked BB >> BC ≥ Bil ≈ EB. Mechanisms underlying the potent cytotoxic effects are still to be elucidated since the induction of DNA damage does not play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Schmutz
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.S.); (E.V.); (G.P.)
- Doctoral School in Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank Will
- Department of Beverage Research, Hochschule Geisenheim University, P.O. Box 1154, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany;
| | - Elisabeth Varga
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.S.); (E.V.); (G.P.)
| | - Carola Jaunecker
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.J.); (W.B.)
| | - Gudrun Pahlke
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.S.); (E.V.); (G.P.)
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.J.); (W.B.)
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.S.); (E.V.); (G.P.)
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Mostafa H, Behrendt I, Meroño T, González-Domínguez R, Fasshauer M, Rudloff S, Andres-Lacueva C, Kuntz S. Plasma anthocyanins and their metabolites reduce in vitro migration of pancreatic cancer cells, PANC-1, in a FAK- and NF-kB dependent manner: Results from the ATTACH-study a randomized, controlled, crossover trial in healthy subjects. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114076. [PMID: 36516693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is primarily considered to be a metastatic disease with a low 5-year survival rate. We aimed to detect if plasma-isolated anthocyanins and their metabolites (PAMs) modulate pancreatic cancer cells migration and to describe molecular targets of PAMs in this process. Plasma metabolites were isolated by solid-phase extraction before and after a 28-days intervention trial involving 35 healthy subjects comparing effects of a daily anthocyanin-rich juice intake vs. placebo. Plasma extracts were used for migration and mechanistic in vitro studies as well as for metabolomic analysis. Pancreatic PANC-1 and AsPC-1 were used for migration studies in a Boyden chamber co-cultured with endothelial cells. Expression of adhesion molecules on cancer and endothelial cells were determined by flow cytometry and NF-kB (nuclear factor-kappa B) p65 and focal adhesion kinase activation were measured by immunoassays. UHPLC-MS/MS metabolomics was done in plasma and urine samples. Plasma extracts isolated after the intake of the anthocyanin-rich juice significantly reduced PANC-1 migration, but not AsPC-1 migration. In PANC-1, and to a lower extent in endothelial cells, plasma extracts after juice intake decreased the expression of ß1- and ß4-integrins and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Pooled plasma from volunteers with the highest inhibition of PANC-1 migration (n = 10) induced a reduction of NF-kB-p65 and FAK-phosphorylation in cancer and in endothelial cells. Concerning metabolites, 14 were significantly altered by juice intervention and PANC-1 migration was inversely associated with the increase of o-coumaric acid and peonidin-3-galactoside. PAMs were associated with lower PANC-1 cell migration opening new strategies for metastatic pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Mostafa
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Inken Behrendt
- Department of Nutritional Science, Human Nutrition, Justus-Liebig-University, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Tomás Meroño
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mathias Fasshauer
- Department of Nutritional Science, Human Nutrition, Justus-Liebig-University, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Silvia Rudloff
- Department of Nutritional Science, Human Nutrition, Justus-Liebig-University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; Department of Nutritional Science and Department of Pediatrics, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sabine Kuntz
- Department of Nutritional Science, Human Nutrition, Justus-Liebig-University, 35390 Giessen, Germany
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Chi B, Sun Y, Zhao J, Guo Y. Deoxyschizandrin Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Bladder Cancer Cells through ALOX5 Regulating PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:3079823. [PMID: 35664354 PMCID: PMC9159825 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3079823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Deoxyschizandrin has a significant inhibitory effect on a variety of tumor cells. However, the effect of Deoxyschizandrin on bladder cancer cells and its mechanism are still unclear. Methods Bladder cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of Deoxyschizandrin for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. The inhibition rate of cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. The changes of cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and Transwell assay. Based on the structure of Deoxyschizandrin, the protein targets of Deoxyschizandrin were predicted by bioinformatics database and verified by RNA and protein. Then, the expressions of ALOX5 and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway proteins were detected by Western blot in bladder cancer cells treated with Deoxyschizandrin. Result Deoxyschizandrin inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Deoxyschizandrin had 100 protein targets; among them, the score of ALOX5 was the highest, and the mRNA and protein levels of ALOX5 decreased after treatment with different concentrations of Deoxyschizandrin. Western blot results showed that compared with the control group, Deoxyschizandrin could significantly reduce the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT, and overexpression of ALOX5 could significantly enhance the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT. Compared with Deoxyschizandrin or overexpression of ALOX5, the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT of Deoxyschizandrin combined with overexpression of ALOX5 recovered. Conclusion Deoxyschizandrin inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells through ALOX5 regulating PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Chi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Jintao Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Yugang Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
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4NQO enhances differential activation of DNA repair proteins in HPV positive and HPV negative HNSCC cells. Oral Oncol 2021; 122:105578. [PMID: 34695758 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco exposure and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are among the main risk factors for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Interestingly, recent studies show that tumors from HPV positive (HPV+) smokers and non-smokers have similar mutational profiles, which suggests that HPV could prevent mutation induction or accumulation in the intermediate risk group composed of HPV+ smokers. Hence, we tested this observation by analyzing the effects of 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO), a mutagen and smoking mimetic, in NOK (normal oral keratinocytes), NOKE6.E7 (NOK cells transfected with E6.E7 oncogenes of HPV), HPV+ and HPV negative (HPV-) HNSCC cells. Oxidative DNA damage, γH2AX foci formation, DNA repair protein activation, cell cycle phase analysis, apoptotic cell death, cell viability and clonogenic cell survival were analyzed after 4NQO treatment in NOK, NOKE6.E7, HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cells. 4NQO increased oxidative base damage and γH2AX foci formation in NOKE6.E7, HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cells. Phosphorylation of homologous recombination (HR) repair proteins was higher in NOKE6.E7 and HPV+ HNSCC cells compared to NOK and HPV- HNSCC cells respectively. HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cells showed differential activation of cell cycle regulatory proteins, increased apoptosis, and decreased cell viability upon 4NQO-induced DNA damage. Taken together, 4NQO (a smoking mimetic), induced higher activation of HR repair in HPV+ HNSCC cells compared to HPV- HNSCC cells. This may allow for increased mutational resistance and help explain why HPV+ smokers have a worse prognosis than HPV+ non-smokers.
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Chen D, Yuan M, Ye Q, Wang X, Xu J, Shi G, Hu Z. Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by upregulating KLF4. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:4240. [PMID: 33240028 PMCID: PMC7672442 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anthocyanins (ACNs) are capable of suppressing breast cancer growth; however, investigation on the effect and mechanism of ACNs on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cells is limited. A complete understanding of those properties may provide useful information on of how to use these natural compounds for cancer prevention and treatment. Objectives The aim of this work was to investigate the role of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G), one of the most widely distributed ACNs in edible fruits, in the EMT process, and cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, and its underlying molecular mechanisms of how Cy3G establishes these functional roles in these cells. Methods MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells were treated with Cy3G (20 μM) for 24 h, and then the cells were used for cell migration and invasion assay. Western blotting, luciferase assay, ubiquitination assay, gene knockdown, and cycloheximide chase assay were performed to analyze the molecular mechanisms of Cy3G in suppressing EMT, and cell migration and invasion. Results Cy3G inhibited the EMT process in these cells and significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells (P ≤ 0.05) by upregulating Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression at protein level. KLF4 knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells did not reveal any change in EMT marker expression, and cell migration and invasion upon treatment with Cy3G (P ≥ 0.05), which strongly indicated that the effects of Cy3G were mediated by KLF4. Furthermore, we determined that Cy3G indirectly upregulated KLF4 expression by downregulating FBXO32, which is the E3 ligase of KLF4. Conclusion Cy3G is a potential anticancer reagent as it can inhibit EMT and breast cancer cell migration and invasion by upregulating KLF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China.,School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qin Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guangyi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhaodi Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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6
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Xiao AY, Maynard MR, Piett CG, Nagel ZD, Alexander JS, Kevil CG, Berridge MV, Pattillo CB, Rosen LR, Miriyala S, Harrison L. Sodium sulfide selectively induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction and radiosensitizes glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101220. [PMID: 31176262 PMCID: PMC6556549 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) has a poor prognosis despite intensive treatment with surgery and chemoradiotherapy. Previous studies using dose-escalated radiotherapy have demonstrated improved survival; however, increased rates of radionecrosis have limited its use. Development of radiosensitizers could improve patient outcome. In the present study, we report the use of sodium sulfide (Na2S), a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, to selectively kill GBM cells (T98G and U87) while sparing normal human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3). Na2S also decreased mitochondrial respiration, increased oxidative stress and induced γH2AX foci and oxidative base damage in GBM cells. Since Na2S did not significantly alter T98G capacity to perform non-homologous end-joining or base excision repair, it is possible that GBM cell killing could be attributed to increased damage induction due to enhanced reactive oxygen species production. Interestingly, Na2S enhanced mitochondrial respiration, produced a more reducing environment and did not induce high levels of DNA damage in hCMEC/D3. Taken together, this data suggests involvement of mitochondrial respiration in Na2S toxicity in GBM cells. The fact that survival of LN-18 GBM cells lacking mitochondrial DNA (ρ0) was not altered by Na2S whereas the survival of LN-18 ρ+ cells was compromised supports this conclusion. When cells were treated with Na2S and photon or proton radiation, GBM cell killing was enhanced, which opens the possibility of H2S being a radiosensitizer. Therefore, this study provides the first evidence that H2S donors could be used in GBM therapy to potentiate radiation-induced killing. Sodium sulfide selectively kills GBM cells by inducing DNA damage. Sodium sulfide induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in GBM cells. Toxicity to sodium sulfide is dependent on mitochondrial respiration. Sodium sulfide radiosensitizes GBM cells to photon and proton radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Y Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA
| | - Matthew R Maynard
- Radiation Oncology, Willis-Knighton Cancer Center, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Cortt G Piett
- Harvard University, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zachary D Nagel
- Harvard University, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - J Steven Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA
| | | | - Christopher B Pattillo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA
| | - Lane R Rosen
- Radiation Oncology, Willis-Knighton Cancer Center, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Sumitra Miriyala
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA
| | - Lynn Harrison
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA.
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Lemes SR, Chaves DA, Silva NJDA, Carneiro CC, Chen-Chen L, Almeida LMDE, Gonçalves PJ, Melo-Reis PRDE. Antigenotoxicity protection of Carapa guianensis oil against mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide in mouse bone marrow. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2043-2051. [PMID: 28678958 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720150797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective of C. guianensis oil against MMC and CP, which are direct- and indirect-acting chemical mutagens, using the micronucleus test. Three experiments were performed. First the C. guianensis oil was co-administered to mice at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw with 4 mg/kg bw MMC or 50 mg/kg bw CP. Second, the mutagenic drug (CP) was administered ip 50 mg/kg bw and after 6 and 12 hours 250 and 500 mg/kg bw of C. guianensis oil were administered. In the last, C. guianensis oil was administrated (250 and 500 mg/kg bw) during five days and after it was administered ip 50 mg/kg bw CP. The results obtained showed that the C. guianensis oil is not cytotoxic neither genotoxic to mouse bone marrow. Regarding the antimutagenic effect, all doses of C. guianensis oil were significantly (p < 0.05) effective in reducing the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes, when compared with MMC or CP alone. Based on these results, our results suggest that the C. guianensis oil shows medicinal potential as an antimutagenic agent, modulating the mutagenicity caused by both direct- and indirect-acting chemical mutagens, in a mammalian model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susy R Lemes
- Laboratório de Estudos Experimentais e Biotecnológicos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás/PUC, Rua 232, 128, 3º andar, Sala 5, 74605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Dwight A Chaves
- Laboratório de Estudos Experimentais e Biotecnológicos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás/PUC, Rua 232, 128, 3º andar, Sala 5, 74605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Nelson J DA Silva
- Laboratório de Estudos Experimentais e Biotecnológicos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás/PUC, Rua 232, 128, 3º andar, Sala 5, 74605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Cristiene C Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás/UFG, Campus-II, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás/UFG, Campus-II, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciane M DE Almeida
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Goiás/UEG, Unidade Universitária de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Caixa Postal 459, 75132-903 Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Pablo J Gonçalves
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás/UFG, Campus-II, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Paulo R DE Melo-Reis
- Laboratório de Estudos Experimentais e Biotecnológicos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás/PUC, Rua 232, 128, 3º andar, Sala 5, 74605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Wang D, Feng JF, Yuan GY, Yang YH, Liu YS, Yang YW. Association between chromosomal aberration of exfoliated bladder cells in the urine and oxidative stress in patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:137-144. [PMID: 28693145 PMCID: PMC5494805 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the chromosomal aberrations of exfoliated bladder cells in the urine and blood oxidative stress in patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC). A total of 40 healthy controls and 246 patients with BTCC were recruited. Abnormal levels of CSP3, CSP7, CSP17 and GLPp16 were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in exfoliated bladder cells in the urine of patients with BTCC. Serum total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. Significant differences were observed in the abnormal CSP3, CSP7, CSP17, GLPp16 signals and FISH positive rate between patients with BTCC and healthy controls (P<0.001). Serum TOS, TAS and OSI were also significantly different between the two groups (P<0.001). The clinical stage of BTCC was not associated with abnormal CSP3, CSP7, CSP17, GLPp16 or FISH positive rate and oxidative stress (P>0.05). A Gamma rank correlation analysis revealed an association between the pathological grade of BTCC with abnormal CSP3, CSP7 and CSP17 as well as FISH positive rate (P<0.001). In addition, the clinical stage of BTCC was associated with serum TOS, TAS and OSI (P<0.001). Evaluation of the association between chromosomal aberrations and oxidative stress revealed that abnormal CSP3, CSP7 and CSP17 were positively associated with serum TOS and OSI (P<0.001), abnormal CSP7 and CSP17 were negatively associated with serum TAS (P<0.001), but abnormal GLPp16 was not associated with serum TOS, TAS or OSI (P>0.05). Therefore, the chromosomal aberrations of exfoliated bladder cells in the urine are associated with blood oxidative stress in patients with BTCC, and these factors may contribute to the occurrence and development of BTCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Fu Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ya Yuan
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Shuang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Wei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
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Aichinger G, Pahlke G, Nagel LJ, Berger W, Marko D. Bilberry extract, its major polyphenolic compounds, and the soy isoflavone genistein antagonize the cytostatic drug erlotinib in human epithelial cells. Food Funct 2016; 7:3628-36. [PMID: 27485636 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00570e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Erlotinib (Tarceva®) is a chemotherapeutic drug approved for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Its primary mode of action is the inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Recently, RTK-inhibiting polyphenols have been reported to interact synergistically with erlotinib. Furthermore some anthocyanidins and anthocyanin-rich berry extracts have been reported to inhibit tyrosine kinases, including the EGFR, which raises the question of potential interactions with erlotinib. Polyphenol-rich preparations such as berry- or soy-based products are commercially available as food supplements. In the present study we tested a bilberry extract, its major anthocyanin and potential intestinal degradation products, as well as genistein, with respect to possible interactions with erlotinib. Cell growth inhibition was assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay, while interactions with EGFR phosphorylation were analyzed by SDS-PAGE/western blotting with subsequent immunodetection. Genistein, bilberry extract, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside and delphinidin were found to antagonize erlotinib whereas phloroglucinol aldehyde was found to enhance cytostatic effects of the drug on human epithelial A431 cells. Genistein also antagonized the EGFR inhibitory effects of erlotinib, whereas bilberry anthocyanins showed no significant interactions in this regard. Our data indicate that different polyphenols are potentially able to impair the cytostatic effect of erlotinib in vitro. Genistein interacts via the modulation of erlotinib-mediated EGFR inhibition whereas bilberry anthocyanins modulated the growth-inhibitory effect of erlotinib without affecting EGFR phosphorylation, thus indicating a different mechanism of interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aichinger
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Waehringerstr. 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Kuntz S, Kunz C, Rudloff S. Inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell migration by plasma anthocyanins isolated from healthy volunteers receiving an anthocyanin-rich berry juice. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:203-214. [PMID: 26476633 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive cancer type, of which the most important characteristics are migration and metastasis. Anthocyanins (ACN) are discussed to be protective phytochemicals; however, up to now only scarce data are available regarding their effects on cancer prevention. In this study, we aimed to determine whether ACN and their metabolites from plasma (PAM), isolated from blood of healthy volunteers after ingestion of an ACN-rich juice, are effective in modulating cancer cell migration in vitro. METHODS PAM were isolated from blood of healthy volunteers (n = 10) after consumption of an ACN-rich berry juice. Before ingestion (PAM0min) and after 60 min (PAM60min), blood was taken and PAM were isolated from plasma by solid-phase extraction. Migration of pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and AsPC-1 was assayed in a Boyden chamber. The influence of PAM on cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) or mitochondria-specific ROS was measured fluorimetrically. mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and NF-κB mRNA were determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS After application of PAM60min to PANC-1, we observed a reduced cell migration, which was associated with reduced levels of endogenously generated ROS concomitant with reduced NF-κB as well as MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression levels. In AsPC-1 cells, however, migration was not affected by PAM60min. CONCLUSION It can be assumed that physiologically relevant ACN and their metabolites were able to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell migration in dependency of the phenotype of cells and may thus deserve further attention as potential bioactive phytochemicals in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kuntz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Clemens Kunz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silvia Rudloff
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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