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Kazakova OB, Giniyatullina GV, Mustafin AG, Babkov DA, Sokolova EV, Spasov AA. Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Amide and Polyamino-Derivatives of Lupane Triterpenoids. Molecules 2020; 25:E4833. [PMID: 33092246 PMCID: PMC7587962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of two new and twenty earlier synthesized branched extra-amino-triterpenoids obtained by the direct coupling of betulinic/betulonic acids with polymethylenpolyamines, or by the cyanoethylation of lupane type alcohols, oximes, amines, and amides with the following reduction were evaluated for cytotoxicity toward the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel, α-glucosidase inhibitory, and antimicrobial activities. Lupane carboxamides, conjugates with diaminopropane, triethylenetetramine, and branched C3-cyanoethylated polyamine methyl betulonate showed high cytotoxic activity against most of the tested cancer cell lines with GI50 that ranged from 1.09 to 54.40 µM. Betulonic acid C28-conjugate with triethylenetetramine and C3,C28-bis-aminopropoxy-betulin were found to be potent micromolar inhibitors of yeast α-glucosidase and to simultaneously inhibit the endosomal reticulum α-glucosidase, rendering them as potentially capable to suppress tumor invasiveness and neovascularization, in addition to the direct cytotoxicity. Plausible mechanisms of cytotoxic action and underlying disrupted molecular pathways were elucidated with CellMinner pattern analysis and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, according to which the lead compounds exert multi-target antiproliferative activity associated with oxidative stress induction and chromatin structure alteration. The betulonic acid diethylentriamine conjugate showed partial activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and the fungi C. neoformans. These results show that triterpenic polyamines, being analogs of steroidal squalamine and trodusquemine, are important substances for the search of new drugs with anticancer, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana B. Kazakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (G.V.G.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Gul’nara V. Giniyatullina
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (G.V.G.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Akhat G. Mustafin
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (G.V.G.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Denis A. Babkov
- Laboratory of Metabotropic Drugs, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Novorossiyskaya st. 39, 400087 Volgograd, Russia; (D.A.B.); (E.V.S.)
| | - Elena V. Sokolova
- Laboratory of Metabotropic Drugs, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Novorossiyskaya st. 39, 400087 Volgograd, Russia; (D.A.B.); (E.V.S.)
| | - Alexander A. Spasov
- Laboratory of Metabotropic Drugs, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Novorossiyskaya st. 39, 400087 Volgograd, Russia; (D.A.B.); (E.V.S.)
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Esumi M, Sakurai S, Tanaka M. The effect of spermidine on guanine decomposition via photoinduced electron transfer in DNA. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:47-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01860c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of spermidine caused the attenuation of guanine decomposition via photoinduced electron transfer in pyrene-modified DNA, and higher added concentrations of spermidine resulted in the promotion of decomposition in condensed DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Esumi
- Department of Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering
- The University of Electro-Communications
- Chofu
- Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sakurai
- Department of Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering
- The University of Electro-Communications
- Chofu
- Japan
| | - Makiko Tanaka
- Department of Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering
- The University of Electro-Communications
- Chofu
- Japan
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Effect of Chromatographic Conditions on Supercoiled Plasmid DNA Stability and Bioactivity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9235170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The dysfunction of the tumor suppressor gene TP53 has been associated with the pathogenesis of the majority of the cases of cancer reported to date, leading the cell to acquire different features known as the cancer hallmarks. In normal situations, the protein p53 protects the cells against tumorigenesis. By detecting metabolic stress or DNA damage in response to stress, p53 can lead the cell to senescence, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis. Thus, in the case of p53 mutations, it is reasonable to assume that the reestablishment of its function, may restrain the proliferation of cancer cells. The concept of cancer gene therapy can be based on this assumption, and suitable biotechnological approaches must be explored to assure the preparation of gene-based biopharmaceuticals. Although numerous procedures have already been established to purify supercoiled plasmid DNA (sc pDNA), the therapeutic application is highly dependent on the biopharmaceutical’s activity, which can be affected by the chromatographic conditions used. Thus, the present work aims at comparing quality and in vitro activity of the supercoiled (sc) isoform of the p53 encoding plasmid purified by three different amino acids-based chromatographic strategies, involving histidine–agarose, arginine–macroporous, and histidine–monolith supports. The B-DNA topology was maintained in all purified pDNA samples, but their bioactivity, related to the induction of protein p53 expression and apoptosis in cancer cells, was higher with arginine–macroporous support, followed by histidine–monolith and histidine–agarose. Despite the purity degree of 92% and recovery yield of 43% obtained with arginine–macroporous, the sc pDNA sample led to a higher expression level of the therapeutic p53 protein (58%) and, consequently, induced a slightly higher apoptotic effect (27%) compared with sc pDNA samples obtained with histidine–monolithic support (26%) and histidine–agarose support (24%). This behavior can be related to the mild chromatographic conditions used with arginine–macroporous support, which includes the use of low salt concentrations, at neutral pH and lower temperatures, when compared to the high ionic strength of ammonium sulfate and acidic pH used with histidine-based supports. These results can contribute to field of biopharmaceutical preparation, emphasizing the need to control several experimental conditions while adapting and selecting the methodologies that enable the use of milder conditions as this can have a significant impact on pDNA stability and biological activity.
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Muramatsu A, Shimizu Y, Yoshikawa Y, Fukuda W, Umezawa N, Horai Y, Higuchi T, Fujiwara S, Imanaka T, Yoshikawa K. Naturally occurring branched-chain polyamines induce a crosslinked meshwork structure in a giant DNA. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:235103. [PMID: 28010109 DOI: 10.1063/1.4972066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the effect of branched-chain polyamines on the folding transition of genome-sized DNA molecules in aqueous solution by the use of single-molecule observation with fluorescence microcopy. Detailed morphological features of polyamine/DNA complexes were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM observations indicated that branched-chain polyamines tend to induce a characteristic change in the higher-order structure of DNA by forming bridges or crosslinks between the segments of a DNA molecule. In contrast, natural linear-chain polyamines cause a parallel alignment between DNA segments. Circular dichroism measurements revealed that branched-chain polyamines induce the A-form in the secondary structure of DNA, while linear-chain polyamines have only a minimum effect. This large difference in the effects of branched- and linear-chain polyamines is discussed in relation to the difference in the manner of binding of these polyamines to negatively charged double-stranded DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Muramatsu
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuta Shimizu
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Wakao Fukuda
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yuhei Horai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujiwara
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei-Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1337, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Imanaka
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
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Li W, Xin X, Jing S, Zhang X, Chen K, Chen D, Hu H. Organic metal complexes based on zoledronate–calcium: a potential pDNA delivery system. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1601-1610. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03041f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Organic metal complexes as a type of hybrid materials have been used for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Xiu Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Shasha Jing
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Xirui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- No. 103
- Shenyang 110016
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Tamoxifen metabolite endoxifen interferes with the polyamine pathway in breast cancer. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2293-302. [PMID: 27438264 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen is the most widely used drug to treat women with estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer. Endoxifen is recognized as the active metabolite of tamoxifen in humans. We studied endoxifen effects on ERα-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Estradiol increased the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by two- to threefold and endoxifen suppressed its effects. Endoxifen suppressed c-myc, c-fos and Tff1 oncogene expression, as revealed by RT-PCR. Estradiol increased the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and adenosyl methioninedecarboxylase (AdoMetDC), whereas endoxifen suppressed these enzyme activities. Endoxifen increased activities of spermine oxidase (SMO) and acetyl polyamine oxidase (APAO) significantly, and reduced the levels of putrescine and spermidine. These data suggest a possible mechanism for the antiestrogenic effects of tamoxifen/endoxifen, involving the stimulation of polyamine oxidase enzymes. Therefore, SMO and APAO stimulation might be useful biomarkers for the efficacy of endoxifen treatment of breast cancer.
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Sousa Â, Pereira P, Sousa F, Queiroz JA. Binding mechanisms for histamine and agmatine ligands in plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid purifications. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1366:110-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Brzezinska J, Gdaniec Z, Popenda L, Markiewicz WT. Polyaminooligonucleotide: NMR structure of duplex DNA containing a nucleoside with spermine residue, N-[4,9,13-triazatridecan-1-yl]-2'-deoxycytidine. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:1163-70. [PMID: 24361616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of the polyamine-DNA interactions at a molecular level is not clearly understood. METHODS In order to shed light on the binding preferences of polyamine with nucleic acids, the NMR solution structure of the DNA duplex containing covalently bound spermine was determined. RESULTS The structure of 4-N-[4,9,13-triazatridecan-1-yl]-2'-deoxycytidine (dCSp) modified duplex was compared to the structure of the reference duplex. Both duplexes are regular right-handed helices with all attributes of the B-DNA form. The spermine chain which is located in a major groove and points toward the 3' end of the modified strand does not perturb the DNA structure. CONCLUSION In our study the charged polyamine alkyl chain was found to interact with the DNA surface. In the majority of converged structures we identified the presumed hydrogen bonding interactions between O6 and N7 atoms of G4 and the first internal -NH2(+)- amino group. Additional interaction was found between the second internal -NH2(+)- amino group and the oxygen atom of the phosphate of C3 residue. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The knowledge of the location and nature of a structure-specific binding site for spermine in DNA should be valuable in understanding gene expression and in the design of new therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Brzezinska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, PL-61704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zofia Gdaniec
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, PL-61704 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Lukasz Popenda
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, PL-61704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech T Markiewicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, PL-61704 Poznan, Poland.
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Wen LN, Xie MX. Evidence of different G-quadruplex DNA binding with biogenic polyamines probed by electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, circular dichroism and atomic force microscopy. Biochimie 2013; 95:1185-95. [PMID: 23352964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Wen
- Analytical & Testing Center of Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwaidajie No. 19, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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Yuann JMP, Tseng WH, Lin HY, Hou MH. The effects of loop size on Sac7d-hairpin DNA interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2012; 1824:1009-15. [PMID: 22683438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Pérez-Flores L, Ruiz-Chica AJ, Delcros JG, Sánchez-Jiménez FM, Ramírez FJ. Effect of spermine conjugation on the interaction of acridine with alternating purine-pyrimidine oligodeoxyribonucleotides studied by CD, fluorescence and absorption spectroscopies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 69:1089-96. [PMID: 17644401 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We studied by electronic spectroscopies the interaction between double-stranded oligonucleotides containing either adenine-thymine or guanine-cytosine alternating sequences and N(1)-(acridin-9-yl)-1,16-diamino-4,8,13-triazahexadecane, which is a conjugated molecule formed by the covalent binding of spermine and 9-aminoacridine moieties via a trimethylene chain. Solutions containing the oligonucleotides and the conjugate, at different molar ratios, were studied by using electronic absorption, fluorescence emission and circular dichroism. Calculated association constants and fluorescence emission spectra showed that spermine conjugation induces sequence selectivity. The orientation of the intercalated acridine rings with respect to the oligonucleotide base planes was deduced from the electronic circular dichroism spectra. Evidence of the formation of spermine-induced aggregated structures, with potential applications to DNA packaging, gene therapy and anti-tumor therapy, was also achieved. Our data demonstrates that this spermine-acridine conjugate adds several specific characteristics provided by the polyamine moiety, as sequence selectivity, to the interesting properties of acridine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Pérez-Flores
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Abstract
Physiological polyamines are ubiquitous polycations with pleiotropic biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation and modulation of cell signalling. Reports that the polyamines with cytoprotective activities were induced by diverse stresses raised the hypothesis that physiological polyamines may play a role in inducing stress response. In a wide range of organisms, physiological polyamines were not only induced by diverse stresses, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), heat, ultraviolet (UV) and psychiatric stress but were able to confer beneficial effects for survival. Recent biochemical and genetic evidences show that polyamines can function as an ROS scavenger, acid tolerance factor and chemical chaperone, and positive regulators for expression of stress response genes which may explain their protective functions against diverse stresses. Taken together, these data suggest that physiological polyamines can function as primordial stress molecules in bacteria, plants and mammals, and may play an essential role in regulation of pathogen-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Rhee
- Department of Life Science and Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
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Sousa F, Prazeres D, Queiroz J. Circular dichroism investigation of the effect of plasmid DNA structure on retention in histidine chromatography. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007; 467:154-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2007.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Keniry MA, Owen EA. An investigation of the dynamics of spermine bound to duplex and quadruplex DNA by (13)C NMR spectroscopy. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2007; 36:637-46. [PMID: 17598053 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-007-0136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Revised: 01/14/2007] [Accepted: 01/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A detailed analysis of the (13)C relaxation of (13)C-labelled spermine bound to duplex and quadruplex DNA is presented. T(1), T(2) and heteronuclear NOE data were collected at four (13)C frequencies (75.4, 125.7, 150.9 and 201.2 MHz). The data were analyzed in terms of a frequency-dependent order parameter, S (2)(omega), to estimate the generalized order parameter and the contributions to the relaxation from different motional frequencies in the picosecond-nanosecond timescale and from any exchange processes that may be occurring on the microsecond-millisecond timescale. The relaxation data was surprisingly similar for spermine bound to two different duplexes and a linear parallel quadruplex. Analysis of the relaxation data from these complexes confirmed the conclusions of previous studies that the dominant motion of spermine is independent of the macroscopic tumbling of the DNA and has an effective correlation time of approximately 50 ps. In contrast, spermine bound to a folded antiparallel quadruplex had faster relaxation rates, especially R (2). As with the other complexes, a fast internal motion of the order of 50 ps makes a substantial contribution to the relaxation. The generalized order parameter for spermine bound to duplex DNA and the linear quadruplex is small but is larger for spermine bound to the folded quadruplex. In the latter case, there is evidence for exchange between at least two populations of spermine occurring on the microsecond-millisecond timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max A Keniry
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Vijayanathan V, Thomas TJ, Nair SK, Shirahata A, Gallo MA, Thomas T. Bending of the estrogen response element by polyamines and estrogen receptors alpha and beta: a fluorescence resonance energy transfer study. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2006; 38:1191-1206. [PMID: 16767802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2005.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Estrogenic regulation of gene expression is mediated by the binding of the hormone to its receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta) followed by their binding to estrogen response element (ERE). Previous studies showed that natural polyamines -- putrescine, spermidine, and spermine -- facilitated ERalpha.ERE recognition. We determined the effects of natural and synthetic polyamines on the bending of a 27-mer oligonucleotide (ODN) harboring the ERE (ERE-ODN), using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique. Complementary strands of the ERE-ODN were labeled with fluorescein and tetramethylrhodamine, as donor and acceptor, respectively. The ERE-ODN was intrinsically bent with an end-to-end distance of 76 +/- 2 Angstrom, compared to a theoretical value of 98 Angstrom. The end-to-end distance of the ERE-ODN was reduced to 64 Angstrom in the presence of 250 microM spermine. A control ODN with scrambled sequence did not show intrinsic bending or spermine-induced bending. Alkyl substitution at the pendant amino groups reduced the ability of spermine to bend the ERE-ODN. Both ERalpha and ERbeta decreased the end-to-end distance of the ERE-ODN, although ERalpha was more efficient than ERbeta in inducing ERE bending. Spermine-induced bending of the ERE-ODN was significantly increased by ERalpha. Fluorescence anisotropy measurement showed that the equilibrium association constant of ERalpha-ERE binding increased by 12-fold in the presence of 250 microM spermine compared to control. The free energy change (Delta G) of ERalpha.ERE complex formation was -13.1 kcal/mol at 22 degrees C in the presence of spermine. Our results suggest that polyamine-induced bending of the ERE might be a mechanism for enhancing ERalpha-ERE binding affinity and thereby fine-tuning the transcriptional response of estrogen-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Vijayanathan
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey--Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
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Medina MA, Urdiales JL, Rodríguez-Caso C, Ramírez FJ, Sánchez-Jiménez F. Biogenic amines and polyamines: similar biochemistry for different physiological missions and biomedical applications. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2003; 38:23-59. [PMID: 12641342 DOI: 10.1080/713609209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic amines are organic polycations derived from aromatic or cationic amino acids. All of them have one or more positive charges and a hydrophobic skeleton. Nature has evolved these molecules to play different physiological roles in mammals, but maintains similar patterns for their metabolic and intracellular handling. As deduced from this review, many questions still remain to be solved around their biochemistry and molecular biology, blocking our aims to control the relevant pathologies in which they are involved (cancer and immunological, neurological, and gastrointestinal diseases). Advances in this knowledge are dispersed among groups working on different biomedical areas. In these pages, we put together the most relevant information to remark how fruitful it can be to learn from Nature and to take advantage of the biochemical similarities (key protein structures and their regulation data on metabolic interplays and binding properties) to generate new hypothesis and develop different biomedical strategies based on biochemistry and molecular biology of these compounds.
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Ramírez FJ, Thomas TJ, Antony T, Ruiz-Chica J, Thomas T. Effects of aminooxy analogues of biogenic polyamines on aggregation and stability of calf thymus DNA. Biopolymers 2002; 65:148-57. [PMID: 12209465 DOI: 10.1002/bip.10187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a series of aminooxy analogues of the biogenic polyamines spermidine and spermine on the conformation of calf thymus DNA is studied. These new molecules are isosteric and charge insufficient analogues that are suitable to study the roles of both charge distribution and structural requirements in the molecular physiology of the biogenic polyamines. They are also evidenced as useful tools to inhibit polyamine biosynthesis and cell growth. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra of solutions containing DNA and the aminooxy analogues at different concentrations (100-1000 microM) and different pH values, (5-7.5) are recorded. We use both sonicated and highly polymerized calf thymus DNA. The CD spectra of sonicated DNA showed the formation of Psi-DNA, a highly ordered aggregated structure similar to liquid crystals, in the presence of the aminooxy analogues. Aggregation induced by an aminooxy derivative of spermine is followed by DNA collapse when increasing the polyamine concentration. The features of Psi-DNA are not detected for highly polymerized DNA. Temperature melting measurements support a high degree of structural order of the aggregates. The CD experiments indicate that dications are unable to induce major changes on the macromolecular structure of DNA. In addition, aggregation is only observed when the trimethylene moiety is present between two adjacent positive charges. The observed differences among the CD spectra of DNA solutions with different aminooxy derivatives of spermidine indicate different roles for different amino groups of this biogenic polyamine when interacting with DNA. Our results support the idea that aminooxy analogues can be used as good models in studying the physiological functions of biogenic polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Ramírez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain.
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Ruiz-Chica J, Medina MA, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Ramírez FJ. Raman study of the interaction between polyamines and a GC oligonucleotide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285:437-46. [PMID: 11444862 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the oligonucleotide d[G(CG)(7)]. d[C(GC)(7)] and the three biogenic polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine under physiological conditions has been studied by Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate the formation of highly ordered aggregated structures in solution, largely stabilized by electrostatic attractions, which have been described as cholesteric phases. Aggregation seems to be preceded by a partial B --> Z conformational transition for spermidine and spermine, which would allow for a deeper oligonucleotide-polyamine interaction. Interaction with the nucleic bases has also been evidenced for aggregates. At low polyamine concentrations the preferential binding sites are similar to those proposed for their interactions with ct-DNA. With increasing the polyamine concentration, the oligonucleotide-polyamine interactions involve both minor and major grooves, which is consistent with the formation of cholesteric phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ruiz-Chica
- Departamento de Química Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Shah N, Thomas TJ, Lewis JS, Klinge CM, Shirahata A, Gelinas C, Thomas T. Regulation of estrogenic and nuclear factor kappa B functions by polyamines and their role in polyamine analog-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2001; 20:1715-29. [PMID: 11313919 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2000] [Revised: 01/05/2001] [Accepted: 01/09/2001] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The natural polyamines -putrescine, spermidine, and spermine- are essential for cell growth and differentiation. Polyamines are involved in several gene regulatory functions, although their mechanism(s) of action has not been elucidated. We investigated the role of polyamines in the function of NF-kappa B and estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha), two transcription factors implicated in breast cancer cell proliferation and cell survival, using MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We found that spermine facilitated the binding of ER alpha and NF-kappa B to estrogen response element (ERE)- and NF-kappa B response element (NRE), respectively, and enhanced ER alpha-mediated transcriptional activation in transient transfection experiments. We also found that the association of the co-regulatory protein CBP/p300 with ER alpha and NF-kappa B was increased by spermine treatment of MCF-7 cells. Spermine also increased the nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B compared to the control. In contrast, treatment of MCF-7 cells with polyamine analogs, BE-3-4-3 and BE-3-3-3, resulted in transcriptional inhibition of both ERE- and NRE-driven reporter plasmids. In addition, polyamine analogs inhibited the association of ER alpha and NF-kappa B with CBP/p300 and were unable to facilitate nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B. APO-BRDU assay demonstrated that polyamine analogs induced apoptosis, with a loss of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. These data show a gene regulatory function of polyamines involving transcriptional activation of ER alpha and NF-kappa B, potentially leading to the up-regulation of genes involved in breast cancer cell proliferation. Our results with BE-3-4-3 and BE-3-3-3 suggest that down-regulation of ER alpha- and NF-kappa B-regulated genes is a possible mechanism for the action of polyamine analogs in inducing apoptosis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, NJ 08903, USA
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Ruiz-Chica J, Medina MA, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Ramírez FJ. Fourier transform Raman study of the structural specificities on the interaction between DNA and biogenic polyamines. Biophys J 2001; 80:443-54. [PMID: 11159415 PMCID: PMC1301246 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are essential molecules for proliferation in all living organisms. Direct interaction of polyamines with nucleic acids has been proposed in the past based on a series of experimental evidences, such as precipitation, thermal denaturation, or protection. However, binding between polyamines and nucleic acids is not clearly explained. Several interaction models have also been proposed, although they do not always agree with one another. In the present work, we make use of the Raman spectroscopy to extend our knowledge about polyamine-DNA interaction. Raman spectra of highly polymerized calf-thymus DNA at different polyamine concentrations, ranging from 1 to 50 mM, have been studied for putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Both natural and heavy water were used as solvents. Difference Raman spectra have been computed by subtracting the sum of the separated component spectra from the experimental spectra of the complexes. The analysis of the Raman data has supported the existence of structural specificities in the interactions, at least under our experimental conditions. These specificities lead to preferential bindings through the DNA minor groove for putrescine and spermidine, whereas spermine binds by the major groove. On the other hand, spermine and spermidine present interstrand interactions, whereas putrescine presents intrastrand interactions in addition to exo-groove interactions by phosphate moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ruiz-Chica
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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