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Nadimpalli HP, Katsioudi G, Arpa ES, Chikhaoui L, Arpat AB, Liechti A, Palais G, Tessmer C, Hofmann I, Galy B, Gatfield D. Diurnal control of iron responsive element containing mRNAs through iron regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2 is mediated by feeding rhythms. Genome Biol 2024; 25:128. [PMID: 38773499 PMCID: PMC11106963 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular iron homeostasis is regulated by iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 and IRP2) that sense iron levels (and other metabolic cues) and modulate mRNA translation or stability via interaction with iron regulatory elements (IREs). IRP2 is viewed as the primary regulator in the liver, yet our previous datasets showing diurnal rhythms for certain IRE-containing mRNAs suggest a nuanced temporal control mechanism. The purpose of this study is to gain insights into the daily regulatory dynamics across IRE-bearing mRNAs, specific IRP involvement, and underlying systemic and cellular rhythmicity cues in mouse liver. RESULTS We uncover high-amplitude diurnal oscillations in the regulation of key IRE-containing transcripts in the liver, compatible with maximal IRP activity at the onset of the dark phase. Although IRP2 protein levels also exhibit some diurnal variations and peak at the light-dark transition, ribosome profiling in IRP2-deficient mice reveals that maximal repression of target mRNAs at this timepoint still occurs. We further find that diurnal regulation of IRE-containing mRNAs can continue in the absence of a functional circadian clock as long as feeding is rhythmic. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest temporally controlled redundancy in IRP activities, with IRP2 mediating regulation of IRE-containing transcripts in the light phase and redundancy, conceivably with IRP1, at dark onset. Moreover, we highlight the significance of feeding-associated signals in driving rhythmicity. Our work highlights the dynamic nature and regulatory complexity in a metabolic pathway that had previously been considered well-understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgia Katsioudi
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Enes Salih Arpa
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Lies Chikhaoui
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alaaddin Bulak Arpat
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Angelica Liechti
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Gaël Palais
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Claudia Tessmer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Core Facility Antibodies, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ilse Hofmann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Core Facility Antibodies, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - David Gatfield
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
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2
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Özdöl U, Özdemir ZC, Töret E, Özen H, Bör Ö. Thrombin generation assay in platelet-poor plasma in children with iron deficiency anemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2024; 46:345-353. [PMID: 38041255 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia in childhood and it leads to a hypercoagulable state. We investigated endogenous thrombin production in platelet-poor plasma before and after oral iron replacement in children with IDA using the thrombin generation assay (TGA). METHODS A total of 72 children diagnosed with IDA (IDA group) and 60 healthy children (control group) were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from the patients before and 1 month after oral iron replacement. TGA parameters [lag time, time to peak, peak height, endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)] were studied. RESULTS In the IDA group, the lag time and time to peak decreased by 8.3% and 10.6%, respectively, and the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and peak height both increased by 30% compared to those of the control group. Compared to the values before iron replacement, 1 month after iron replacement, the lag time and time to peak increased by 8.7% and 5%, respectively, and the ETP and peak height decreased by 31% and 31.3%, respectively, and became similar to those of the control group. CONCLUSION Children with IDA have increased endogenous thrombin production in platelet-poor plasma and a tendency for hypercoagulability. These changes are reversible, and the ETP values become similar to those of healthy children 1 month after iron replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umur Özdöl
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkıye
| | - Zeynep Canan Özdemir
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkıye
| | - Ersin Töret
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkıye
| | - Hülya Özen
- Department of Medical Informatics, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkıye
| | - Özcan Bör
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkıye
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3
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Habib MR, Bu L, Posavi M, Zhong D, Yan G, Zhang SM. Yolk proteins of the schistosomiasis vector snail Biomphalaria glabrata revealed by multi-omics analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1820. [PMID: 38245605 PMCID: PMC10799875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenesis is the most important process in animal reproduction, in which yolk proteins play a vital role. Among multiple yolk protein precursors, vitellogenin (Vtg) is a well-known major yolk protein (MYP) in most oviparous animals. However, the nature of MYP in the freshwater gastropod snail Biomphalaria glabrata remains elusive. In the current study, we applied bioinformatics, tissue-specific transcriptomics, ovotestis-targeted proteomics, and phylogenetics to investigate the large lipid transfer protein (LLTP) superfamily and ferritin-like family in B. glabrata. Four members of LLTP superfamily (BgVtg1, BgVtg2, BgApo1, and BgApo2), one yolk ferritin (Bg yolk ferritin), and four soma ferritins (Bg ferritin 1, 2, 3, and 4) were identified in B. glabrata genome. The proteomic analysis demonstrated that, among the putative yolk proteins, BgVtg1 was the yolk protein appearing in the highest amount in the ovotestis, followed by Bg yolk ferritin. RNAseq profile showed that the leading synthesis sites of BgVtg1 and Bg yolk ferritin are in the ovotestis (presumably follicle cells) and digestive gland, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that BgVtg1 is well clustered with Vtgs of other vertebrates and invertebrates. We conclude that, vitellogenin (BgVtg1), not yolk ferritin (Bg yolk ferritin), is the major yolk protein precursor in the schistosomiasis vector snail B. glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Habib
- Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Lijing Bu
- Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Marijan Posavi
- Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Si-Ming Zhang
- Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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4
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Lardelli M, Baer L, Hin N, Allen A, Pederson SM, Barthelson K. The Use of Zebrafish in Transcriptome Analysis of the Early Effects of Mutations Causing Early Onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease and Other Inherited Neurodegenerative Conditions. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S367-S381. [PMID: 37742650 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The degree to which non-human animals can be used to model Alzheimer's disease is a contentious issue, particularly as there is still widespread disagreement regarding the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative dementia. The currently popular transgenic models are based on artificial expression of genes mutated in early onset forms of familial Alzheimer's disease (EOfAD). Uncertainty regarding the veracity of these models led us to focus on heterozygous, single mutations of endogenous genes (knock-in models) as these most closely resemble the genetic state of humans with EOfAD, and so incorporate the fewest assumptions regarding pathological mechanism. We have generated a number of lines of zebrafish bearing EOfAD-like and non-EOfAD-like mutations in genes equivalent to human PSEN1, PSEN2, and SORL1. To analyze the young adult brain transcriptomes of these mutants, we exploited the ability of zebrafish to produce very large families of simultaneous siblings composed of a variety of genotypes and raised in a uniform environment. This "intra-family" analysis strategy greatly reduced genetic and environmental "noise" thereby allowing detection of subtle changes in gene sets after bulk RNA sequencing of entire brains. Changes to oxidative phosphorylation were predicted for all EOfAD-like mutations in the three genes studied. Here we describe some of the analytical lessons learned in our program combining zebrafish genome editing with transcriptomics to understand the molecular pathologies of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lardelli
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lachlan Baer
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nhi Hin
- Alkahest Inc., San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Angel Allen
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stephen Martin Pederson
- Black Ochre Data Labs, Indigenous Genomics, Telethon Kinds Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Karissa Barthelson
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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5
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Shenoy G, Kheirabadi S, Ataie Z, Sahu AP, Palsa K, Wade Q, Khunsriraksakul C, Khristov V, Slagle-Webb B, Lathia JD, Wang HG, Sheikhi A, Connor JR. Iron inhibits glioblastoma cell migration and polarization. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23307. [PMID: 37983646 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202202157rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the deadliest malignancies facing modern oncology today. The ability of glioblastoma cells to diffusely spread into neighboring healthy brain makes complete surgical resection nearly impossible and contributes to the recurrent disease faced by most patients. Although research into the impact of iron on glioblastoma has addressed proliferation, there has been little investigation into how cellular iron impacts the ability of glioblastoma cells to migrate-a key question, especially in the context of the diffuse spread observed in these tumors. Herein, we show that increasing cellular iron content results in decreased migratory capacity of human glioblastoma cells. The decrease in migratory capacity was accompanied by a decrease in cellular polarization in the direction of movement. Expression of CDC42, a Rho GTPase that is essential for both cellular migration and establishment of polarity in the direction of cell movement, was reduced upon iron treatment. We then analyzed a single-cell RNA-seq dataset of human glioblastoma samples and found that cells at the tumor periphery had a gene signature that is consistent with having lower levels of cellular iron. Altogether, our results suggest that cellular iron content is impacting glioblastoma cell migratory capacity and that cells with higher iron levels exhibit reduced motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Shenoy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sina Kheirabadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zaman Ataie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aurosman Pappus Sahu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kondaiah Palsa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Quinn Wade
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chachrit Khunsriraksakul
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vladimir Khristov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Becky Slagle-Webb
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amir Sheikhi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Guo J, Lyu S, Qi Y, Chen X, Yang L, Zhao C, Wang H. Molecular evolution and gene expression of ferritin family involved in immune defense of lampreys. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 146:104729. [PMID: 37187445 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin, one of the key regulators of iron homeostasis, is widely present throughout almost all species. The vertebrate ferritin family, which originates from a single gene in the ancestral invertebrates, contains the widest variety of ferritin subtypes among all animal species. However, the evolutionary history of the vertebrate ferritin family remains to be further clarified. In this study, genome-wide identification of the ferritin homologs is performed in lampreys, which are the extant representatives of jawless vertebrates that diverged from the future jawed vertebrates more than 500 million years ago. Molecular evolutionary analyses show that four members of the lamprey ferritin family, L-FT1-4, are derived from a common ancestor with jawed vertebrate ferritins prior to the divergence of the jawed vertebrate ferritin subtypes. The lamprey ferritin family shares evolutionarily conserved characteristics of the ferritin H subunit with higher vertebrates, but certain members such as L-FT1 additionally accumulate some features of the M or L subunits. Expression profiling reveals that lamprey ferritins are highly expressed in the liver. The transcription of L-FT1 is significantly induced in the liver and heart during lipopolysaccharide stimulation, indicating that L-FTs may play a role in the innate immune response to bacterial infection in lampreys. Furthermore, the transcriptional expression of L-FT1 in quiescent and LPS-activated leukocytes is up- and down-regulated by the lamprey TGF-β2, an essential regulator of the inflammatory response, respectively. Our results provide new insights into the origin and evolution of the vertebrate ferritin family and reveal that lamprey ferritins may be involved in immune regulation as target genes of the TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfu Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Shuangyu Lyu
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Yanchen Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Xuanyi Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Chunhui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116081, China.
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7
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Forstmeier PC, Meyer MO, Bevilacqua PC. The Functional RNA Identification (FRID) Pipeline: Identification of Potential Pseudoknot-Containing RNA Elements as Therapeutic Targets for SARS-CoV-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.03.535424. [PMID: 37066195 PMCID: PMC10103974 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.03.535424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic persists despite the development of effective vaccines. As such, it remains crucial to identify new targets for antiviral therapies. The causative virus of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, is a positive-sense RNA virus with RNA structures that could serve as therapeutic targets. One such RNA with established function is the frameshift stimulatory element (FSE), which promotes programmed ribosomal frameshifting. To accelerate identification of additional functional RNA elements, we introduce a novel computational approach termed the Functional RNA Identification (FRID) pipeline. The guiding principle of our pipeline, which uses established component programs as well as customized component programs, is that functional RNA elements have conserved secondary and pseudoknot structures that facilitate function. To assess the presence and conservation of putative functional RNA elements in SARS-CoV-2, we compared over 6,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomic isolates. We identified 22 functional RNA elements from the SARS-CoV-2 genome, 14 of which have conserved pseudoknots and serve as potential targets for small molecule or antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics. The FRID pipeline is general and can be applied to identify pseudoknotted RNAs for targeted therapeutics in genomes or transcriptomes from any virus or organism.
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8
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Lin C, Wang W, Zhang D, Huang K, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Wang J, Zhou B, Cheng J, Xu D, Li W, Zhao L, Ma Z, Yang X, Huang Y, Cui P, Liu J, Zeng X, Zhai R, Sun L, Weng X, Wu W, Zhang X, Zheng W. Polymorphisms in SHISA3 and RFC3 genes and their association with feed conversion ratio in Hu sheep. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1010045. [PMID: 36686193 PMCID: PMC9850526 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In animal husbandry, feed efficiency is a crucial economic trait. In this study, the general linear model was used to perform association analysis for various genotypes and feed conversion ratio (FCR)-related traits. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of SHISA3 and RFC3 mRNA levels in 10 tissues from 6 sheep. The results showed that SNPs in the NC_040257.1:c.625 T > C and NC_040261.1:g.9905 T > C were analyzed whether they were associated to feed efficiency parameters in Hu sheep (body weight, feed intake, average daily growth, and feed conversion ratio). NC_040257.1:c.625 T > C was shown to be significantly associated with body weight at 80, 100, and 120 days as well as feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05), whereas NC_040261.1:g.9905 T > C was found to be significantly associated with average daily weight gain from 80-140 days (ADG80-140) and FCR (P < 0.05). In Hu sheep, the CC genotypes of SHISA3 and RFC3 were the most common genotypes related to feed efficiency traits. Furthermore, the feed conversion ratio of the combined genotypes TT SHISA3-CC RFC3, TT SHISA3-CT RFC3, TT SHISA3-TT RFC3, CT SHISA3-CC RFC3 and CT SHISA3-CT RFC3 was significantly better than the FCR of CC SHISA3-TT RFC3. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression levels of SHISA3 were lower in the lung than in spleen, kidney, muscle and lymph (P < 0.05), and RFC3 was the lung had a highly significant higher expression level than the heart, liver, spleen, and muscle (P < 0.01). In conclusion, SHISA3 and RFC3 polymorphisms can be used as genetic markers for improving feed conversion efficiency in Hu sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Deyin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bubo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiangbo Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zongwu Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Panpan Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Landi Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiuxiu Weng
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoxue Zhang ✉
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Quality Standards, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China,Wenxin Zheng ✉
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New Players in Neuronal Iron Homeostasis: Insights from CRISPRi Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091807. [PMID: 36139881 PMCID: PMC9495848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective regional iron accumulation is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The underlying mechanisms of neuronal iron dyshomeostasis have been studied, mainly in a gene-by-gene approach. However, recent high-content phenotypic screens using CRISPR/Cas9-based gene perturbations allow for the identification of new pathways that contribute to iron accumulation in neuronal cells. Herein, we perform a bioinformatic analysis of a CRISPR-based screening of lysosomal iron accumulation and the functional genomics of human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Consistent with previous studies, we identified mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction as one of the main mechanisms triggering iron accumulation, although we substantially expanded the gene set causing this phenomenon, encompassing mitochondrial complexes I to IV, several associated assembly factors, and coenzyme Q biosynthetic enzymes. Similarly, the loss of numerous genes participating through the complete macroautophagic process elicit iron accumulation. As a novelty, we found that the impaired synthesis of glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) and GPI-anchored protein trafficking also trigger iron accumulation in a cell-autonomous manner. Finally, the loss of critical components of the iron transporters trafficking machinery, including MON2 and PD-associated gene VPS35, also contribute to increased neuronal levels. Our analysis suggests that neuronal iron accumulation can arise from the dysfunction of an expanded, previously uncharacterized array of molecular pathways.
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10
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Zhao Y, Liu L, Liu JB, Wu CY, Duan DY, Cheng TY. Cloning, expression, and function of ferritins in the tick Haemaphysalis flava. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 13:101892. [PMID: 34942560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The full-length cDNA of two ferritins of Haemaphysalis flava were cloned after which recombinant Hf-FER1 and Hf-FER2 were expressed and their function was analyzed. In addition, RNA interference (RNAi) based on the injection of Hf-fer1 or Hf-fer2 dsRNA into fully engorged female ticks was performed. The cDNA encoding Hf-FER1 is 834 bp in length. It contains an iron-responsive element in the 5' untranslated region and encodes 174 amino acid residues. The full-length cDNA of Hf-FER2 contains 696 bp and encodes 199 amino acids, including a putative signal peptide sequence. Hf-FER1 and Hf-FER2 both have the ferroxidase iron center and the ferrihydrite nucleation center. The evolutionary relationship of Hf-FER1 and Hf-FER2 was established, and the predicted quaternary structures were assembled as typical spherical shells composed of 24 subunits which was demonstrated by nature PAGE. Real-time PCR showed that Hf-fer1 and Hf-fer2 were expressed in all developmental stages, with the highest expression in fully engorged females. The expression of Hf-fer1 and Hf-fer2 were relatively high in unfed larvae. Hf-fer1 was expressed in all tissues and was especially abundant in the salivary glands of fully engorged females. In contrast, the highest levels of Hf-fer2 were found in the midgut of fully engorged females, and no expression was found in the salivary glands of this life stage. Both recombinant Hf-FER1 and Hf-FER2 had iron-binding capabilities. Silencing of both Hf-fer1 and Hf-fer2 affected fecundity. Compared to the control, the percentage of ticks that laid eggs in the Hf-fer1 and Hf-fer2 RNAi groups was 73.3% and 66.7%, respectively. The silenced ticks that laid eggs had lower egg weight to body weight ratios, and the eggs had abnormal morphologies. The hatchability of eggs with normal morphology in the Hf-fer1 and Hf-fer2 silenced groups was 47.8% and 22.8%, respectively, which was significantly different from the control group (P < 0.005). These findings indicate that Hf-FER1 and Hf-FER2 play important roles in the iron storage of H. flava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Bao Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Cong-Ying Wu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - De-Yong Duan
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Tian-Yin Cheng
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China.
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11
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Hin N, Newman M, Pederson S, Lardelli M. Iron Responsive Element-Mediated Responses to Iron Dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:1597-1630. [PMID: 34719489 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron trafficking and accumulation is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the role of iron dyshomeostasis in early disease stages is uncertain. Currently, gene expression changes indicative of iron dyshomeostasis are not well characterized, making it difficult to explore these in existing datasets. OBJECTIVE To identify sets of genes predicted to contain iron responsive elements (IREs) and use these to explore possible iron dyshomeostasis-associated gene expression responses in AD. METHODS Comprehensive sets of genes containing predicted IRE or IRE-like motifs in their 3' or 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) were identified in human, mouse, and zebrafish reference transcriptomes. Further analyses focusing on these genes were applied to a range of cultured cell, human, mouse, and zebrafish gene expression datasets. RESULTS IRE gene sets are sufficiently sensitive to distinguish not only between iron overload and deficiency in cultured cells, but also between AD and other pathological brain conditions. Notably, changes in IRE transcript abundance are among the earliest observable changes in zebrafish familial AD (fAD)-like brains, preceding other AD-typical pathologies such as inflammatory changes. Unexpectedly, while some IREs in the 3' untranslated regions of transcripts show significantly increased stability under iron deficiency in line with current assumptions, many such transcripts instead display decreased stability, indicating that this is not a generalizable paradigm. CONCLUSION Our results reveal IRE gene expression changes as early markers of the pathogenic process in fAD and are consistent with iron dyshomeostasis as an important driver of this disease. Our work demonstrates how differences in the stability of IRE-containing transcripts can be used to explore and compare iron dyshomeostasis-associated gene expression responses across different species, tissues, and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhi Hin
- South Australian Genomics Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Morgan Newman
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stephen Pederson
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Lardelli
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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12
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Conservation in the Iron Responsive Element Family. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091365. [PMID: 34573347 PMCID: PMC8466369 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron responsive elements (IREs) are mRNA stem-loop targets for translational control by the two iron regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2. They are found in the untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes that code for proteins involved in iron metabolism. There are ten “classic” IRE types that define the conserved secondary and tertiary structure elements necessary for proper IRP binding, and there are 83 published “IRE-like” sequences, most of which depart from the established IRE model. Here are structurally-guided discussions regarding the essential features of an IRE and what is important for IRE family membership.
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13
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Conservative and Atypical Ferritins of Sponges. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168635. [PMID: 34445356 PMCID: PMC8395497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritins comprise a conservative family of proteins found in all species and play an essential role in resistance to redox stress, immune response, and cell differentiation. Sponges (Porifera) are the oldest Metazoa that show unique plasticity and regenerative potential. Here, we characterize the ferritins of two cold-water sponges using proteomics, spectral microscopy, and bioinformatic analysis. The recently duplicated conservative HdF1a/b and atypical HdF2 genes were found in the Halisarca dujardini genome. Multiple related transcripts of HpF1 were identified in the Halichondria panicea transcriptome. Expression of HdF1a/b was much higher than that of HdF2 in all annual seasons and regulated differently during the sponge dissociation/reaggregation. The presence of the MRE and HRE motifs in the HdF1 and HdF2 promotor regions and the IRE motif in mRNAs of HdF1 and HpF indicates that sponge ferritins expression depends on the cellular iron and oxygen levels. The gel electrophoresis combined with specific staining and mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of ferric ions and ferritins in multi-subunit complexes. The 3D modeling predicts the iron-binding capacity of HdF1 and HpF1 at the ferroxidase center and the absence of iron-binding in atypical HdF2. Interestingly, atypical ferritins lacking iron-binding capacity were found in genomes of many invertebrate species. Their function deserves further research.
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14
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CD63 is Regulated by Iron via the IRE-IRP System and is Important for Ferritin Secretion by Extracellular Vesicles. Blood 2021; 138:1490-1503. [PMID: 34265052 PMCID: PMC8667049 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021010995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CD63 is involved in EV secretion from cells and is shown herein to be regulated by iron via the IRE-IRP system. Iron-loading increased secretion of CD63+ EVs containing iron-loaded ferritin.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) transfer functional molecules between cells. CD63 is a widely recognized EV marker that contributes to EV secretion from cells. However, the regulation of its expression remains largely unknown. Ferritin is a cellular iron storage protein that can also be secreted by the exosome pathway, and serum ferritin levels classically reflect body iron stores. Iron metabolism–associated proteins such as ferritin are intricately regulated by cellular iron levels via the iron responsive element-iron regulatory protein (IRE-IRP) system. Herein, we present a novel mechanism demonstrating that the expression of the EV-associated protein CD63 is under the regulation of the IRE-IRP system. We discovered a canonical IRE in the 5′ untranslated region of CD63 messenger RNA that is responsible for regulating its expression in response to increased iron. Cellular iron loading caused a marked increase in CD63 expression and the secretion of CD63+ EVs from cells, which were shown to contain ferritin-H and ferritin-L. Our results demonstrate that under iron loading, intracellular ferritin is transferred via nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) to CD63+ EVs that are then secreted. Such iron-regulated secretion of the major iron storage protein ferritin via CD63+ EVs, is significant for understanding the local cell-to-cell exchange of ferritin and iron.
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15
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Ducamp S, Luscieti S, Ferrer-Cortès X, Nicolas G, Manceau H, Peoc'h K, Yien YY, Kannengiesser C, Gouya L, Puy H, Sanchez M. A mutation in the iron-responsive element of ALAS2 is a modifier of disease severity in a patient suffering from CLPX associated erythropoietic protoporphyria. Haematologica 2021; 106:2030-2033. [PMID: 33596641 PMCID: PMC8252951 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.272450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ducamp
- INSERM U1149 CNRS ERL 8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, site Bichat, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Paris; Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris
| | - Sara Luscieti
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC). Badalona
| | - Xènia Ferrer-Cortès
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Department of Basic Sciences, Iron metabolism: Regulation and Diseases. Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona; BloodGenetics S.L. Diagnostics in Inherited Blood Diseases. Esplugues de Llobregat
| | - Gaël Nicolas
- INSERM U1149 CNRS ERL 8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, site Bichat, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Paris; Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris
| | - Hana Manceau
- Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris, France; Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC). Badalona, Barcelona; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Department of Basic Sciences, Iron metabolism: Regulation and Diseases. Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona; BloodGenetics S.L. Diagnostics in Inherited Blood Diseases. Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona; AP-HP, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes
| | - Katell Peoc'h
- Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris, France; Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC). Badalona, Barcelona; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Department of Basic Sciences, Iron metabolism: Regulation and Diseases. Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona; BloodGenetics S.L. Diagnostics in Inherited Blood Diseases. Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona; AP-HP, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes
| | - Yvette Y Yien
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Caroline Kannengiesser
- INSERM U1149 CNRS ERL 8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, site Bichat, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Paris; Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris, France; Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC). Badalona
| | - Laurent Gouya
- INSERM U1149 CNRS ERL 8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, site Bichat, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Paris; Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris, France; AP-HP, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes
| | - Herve Puy
- INSERM U1149 CNRS ERL 8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, site Bichat, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Paris; Laboratory of excellence, GR-EX, Paris, France; AP-HP, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes.
| | - Mayka Sanchez
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Department of Basic Sciences, Iron metabolism: Regulation and Diseases. Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona; BloodGenetics S.L. Diagnostics in Inherited Blood Diseases. Esplugues de Llobregat.
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16
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Wang B, Thompson MS, Adkins KM. Characteristics of the Iron-responsive Element (IRE) Stems in the Untranslated Regions of Animal mRNAs. Open Biochem J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874091x02115010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Iron-responsive Elements (IREs) are hairpin structures located in the 5’ or 3’ untranslated region of some animal mRNAs. IREs have a highly conserved terminal loop and a UGC/C or C bulge five bases upstream of the terminal loop, which divides the hairpin stem into an upper stem and a lower stem.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate the base-pair composition of the upper and lower stems of IREs to determine whether they are highly conserved among mRNAs from different genes.
Methods:
The mRNA sequences of six 5’IREs and five 3’IREs from several animal species were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The folding free energy of each IRE mRNA sequence was predicted using the RNAfold WebServer.
Results:
We found that the upper and lower stems of IREs are not highly conserved among the mRNAs of different genes. There are no statistically significant differences in the IRE structures or folding free energies between mammalian and non-mammalian species relative to either the ferritin heavy chain 5’IRE or ferroportin 5’IRE. There are no overall significant differences in the folding free energies between UGC/C-containing 5’IREs and C-bulge-containing 5’IREs, or between 5’IREs and 3’IREs.
Conclusion:
Further studies are needed to investigate whether the variations in IRE stem composition are responsible for fine-tuning the IRE/Iron-Regulatory Protein interactions among different mRNAs to maintain the balance of cellular iron metabolism, and to identify whether evolutionary processes drive the base-pair composition of the upper and lower stems of IREs toward any particular configuration.
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17
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Dong Y, Newman M, Pederson SM, Barthelson K, Hin N, Lardelli M. Transcriptome analyses of 7-day-old zebrafish larvae possessing a familial Alzheimer's disease-like mutation in psen1 indicate effects on oxidative phosphorylation, ECM and MCM functions, and iron homeostasis. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:211. [PMID: 33761877 PMCID: PMC7992352 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOfAD) is promoted by dominant mutations, enabling the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenic mechanisms through generation of EOfAD-like mutations in animal models. In a previous study, we generated an EOfAD-like mutation, psen1Q96_K97del, in zebrafish and performed transcriptome analysis comparing entire brains from 6-month-old wild type and heterozygous mutant fish. We identified predicted effects on mitochondrial function and endolysosomal acidification. Here we aimed to determine whether similar effects occur in 7 day post fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larvae that might be exploited in screening of chemical libraries to find ameliorative drugs. RESULTS We generated clutches of wild type and heterozygous psen1Q96_K97del 7 dpf larvae using a paired-mating strategy to reduce extraneous genetic variation before performing a comparative transcriptome analysis. We identified 228 differentially expressed genes and performed various bioinformatics analyses to predict cellular functions. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses predicted a significant effect on oxidative phosphorylation, consistent with our earlier observations of predicted effects on ATP synthesis in adult heterozygous psen1Q96_K97del brains. The dysregulation of minichromosome maintenance protein complex (MCM) genes strongly contributed to predicted effects on DNA replication and the cell cycle and may explain earlier observations of genome instability due to PSEN1 mutation. The upregulation of crystallin gene expression may be a response to defective activity of mutant Psen1 protein in endolysosomal acidification. Genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) were downregulated, consistent with previous studies of EOfAD mutant iPSC neurons and postmortem late onset AD brains. Also, changes in expression of genes controlling iron ion transport were observed without identifiable changes in the prevalence of transcripts containing iron responsive elements (IREs) in their 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). These changes may, therefore, predispose to the apparent iron dyshomeostasis previously observed in 6-month-old heterozygous psen1Q96_K97del EOfAD-like mutant brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Dong
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Morgan Newman
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen M Pederson
- Bioinformatics Hub, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Karissa Barthelson
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Nhi Hin
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Bioinformatics Hub, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Michael Lardelli
- Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
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18
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The Role of Butyrylcholinesterase and Iron in the Regulation of Cholinergic Network and Cognitive Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042033. [PMID: 33670778 PMCID: PMC7922581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia in elderly individuals, is marked by progressive neuron loss. Despite more than 100 years of research on AD, there is still no treatment to cure or prevent the disease. High levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain are neuropathological hallmarks of AD. However, based on postmortem analyses, up to 44% of individuals have been shown to have high Aβ deposits with no clinical signs, due to having a “cognitive reserve”. The biochemical mechanism explaining the prevention of cognitive impairment in the presence of Aβ plaques is still unknown. It seems that in addition to protein aggregation, neuroinflammatory changes associated with aging are present in AD brains that are correlated with a higher level of brain iron and oxidative stress. It has been shown that iron accumulates around amyloid plaques in AD mouse models and postmortem brain tissues of AD patients. Iron is required for essential brain functions, including oxidative metabolism, myelination, and neurotransmitter synthesis. However, an imbalance in brain iron homeostasis caused by aging underlies many neurodegenerative diseases. It has been proposed that high iron levels trigger an avalanche of events that push the progress of the disease, accelerating cognitive decline. Patients with increased amyloid plaques and iron are highly likely to develop dementia. Our observations indicate that the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) level seems to be iron-dependent, and reports show that BChE produced by reactive astrocytes can make cognitive functions worse by accelerating the decay of acetylcholine in aging brains. Why, even when there is a genetic risk, do symptoms of the disease appear after many years? Here, we discuss the relationship between genetic factors, age-dependent iron tissue accumulation, and inflammation, focusing on AD.
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19
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Tifoun N, De las Heras JM, Guillaume A, Bouleau S, Mignotte B, Le Floch N. Insights into the Roles of the Sideroflexins/SLC56 Family in Iron Homeostasis and Iron-Sulfur Biogenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:103. [PMID: 33494450 PMCID: PMC7911444 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sideroflexins (SLC56 family) are highly conserved multi-spanning transmembrane proteins inserted in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes. Few data are available on their molecular function, but since their first description, they were thought to be metabolite transporters probably required for iron utilization inside the mitochondrion. Such as numerous mitochondrial transporters, sideroflexins remain poorly characterized. The prototypic member SFXN1 has been recently identified as the previously unknown mitochondrial transporter of serine. Nevertheless, pending questions on the molecular function of sideroflexins remain unsolved, especially their link with iron metabolism. Here, we review the current knowledge on sideroflexins, their presumed mitochondrial functions and the sparse-but growing-evidence linking sideroflexins to iron homeostasis and iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis. Since an imbalance in iron homeostasis can be detrimental at the cellular and organismal levels, we also investigate the relationship between sideroflexins, iron and physiological disorders. Investigating Sideroflexins' functions constitutes an emerging research field of great interest and will certainly lead to the main discoveries of mitochondrial physio-pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Tifoun
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - José M. De las Heras
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Arnaud Guillaume
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Sylvina Bouleau
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Bernard Mignotte
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Le Floch
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
- GCGP Department, IUT de Vélizy/Rambouillet, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78120 Rambouillet, France
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20
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Varney RM, Speiser DI, McDougall C, Degnan BM, Kocot KM. The Iron-Responsive Genome of the Chiton Acanthopleura granulata. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evaa263. [PMID: 33320175 PMCID: PMC7850002 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Molluscs biomineralize structures that vary in composition, form, and function, prompting questions about the genetic mechanisms responsible for their production and the evolution of these mechanisms. Chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) are a promising system for studies of biomineralization because they build a range of calcified structures including shell plates and spine- or scale-like sclerites. Chitons also harden the calcified teeth of their rasp-like radula with a coat of iron (as magnetite). Here we present the genome of the West Indian fuzzy chiton Acanthopleura granulata, the first from any aculiferan mollusc. The A. granulata genome contains homologs of many genes associated with biomineralization in conchiferan molluscs. We expected chitons to lack genes previously identified from pathways conchiferans use to make biominerals like calcite and nacre because chitons do not use these materials in their shells. Surprisingly, the A. granulata genome has homologs of many of these genes, suggesting that the ancestral mollusc may have had a more diverse biomineralization toolkit than expected. The A. granulata genome has features that may be specialized for iron biomineralization, including a higher proportion of genes regulated directly by iron than other molluscs. A. granulata also produces two isoforms of soma-like ferritin: one is regulated by iron and similar in sequence to the soma-like ferritins of other molluscs, and the other is constitutively translated and is not found in other molluscs. The A. granulata genome is a resource for future studies of molluscan evolution and biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Varney
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Daniel I Speiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Carmel McDougall
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bernard M Degnan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin M Kocot
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
- Alabama Museum of Natural History, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
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21
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Simão M, Leite RB, Cancela ML. Expression of four new ferritins from grooved carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus challenged with Perkinsus olseni and metals (Cd, Cu and Zn). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 229:105675. [PMID: 33197689 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron has a fundamental role in life and in its biochemical reactions but, when in excess, it can promote the formation of free radicals which can lead to cell death. Therefore, managing the levels of iron is essential to regulate the production of oxidative stress related to iron, and ferritins are one of the main protein families involved in this process. Ferritins are ≈480 kDa multimeric proteins composed by 24 subunits, each with 19-26 kDa, which can accumulate up to 4500 iron atoms. Besides their role in managing iron bioavailability, they have also developed a role in organism immunity and defence present throughout evolution. In this work, we identified and characterized, for the first time, four different ferritin subunits in the clam Ruditapes decussatus, a bivalve commercially and ecologically important along the south Atlantic coast and in the Mediterranean basin, which is a major target of the parasitic protozoa Perkinsus olseni, considered one of the main causes of high levels of clam mortality. Following phylogenetic annotation, the four ferritins subunits identified were subdivided into two cytosolic and two secreted forms. All four subunits maintain the canonical ferritin structure with four main helices α (A-D) and a small helix (E), but the secreted ferritins present an additional helix in their N-terminal region (F), located after the signal peptide and with possible antimicrobial properties. Additionally, we identified in ferritin 4 an extra helix α (G) located between helices B and C. These alpha helix domains revealed high degree of similarity with antimicrobial peptides associated with antibacterial and antifungal activities. Analysis of the expression of these subunits showed that ferritins 1 and 2 are ubiquitously expressed while ferritins 3 and 4 are present mainly in visceral mass. Ferritin 1 lacked a putative functional iron response element (IRE) and appeared to be under a tight regulation. Ferritins 2 and 3 showed a strong response to infection by parasite Perkinsus olseni in contrast to ferritin 4, whose main response was related to exposure to a combination of metals. The synergistic effect between metals and infection promoted a general upregulation of the four ferritins. In conclusion, our results suggest that ferritins, besides their function in iron and metals detoxification, may play a determinant role in clam immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Simão
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (DCBM), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo B Leite
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (DCBM), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC) and Center for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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22
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Di Sanzo M, Quaresima B, Biamonte F, Palmieri C, Faniello MC. FTH1 Pseudogenes in Cancer and Cell Metabolism. Cells 2020; 9:E2554. [PMID: 33260500 PMCID: PMC7760355 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin, the principal intracellular iron-storage protein localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria, plays a major role in iron metabolism. The encoding ferritin genes are members of a multigene family that includes some pseudogenes. Even though pseudogenes have been initially considered as relics of ancient genes or junk DNA devoid of function, their role in controlling gene expression in normal and transformed cells has recently been re-evaluated. Numerous studies have revealed that some pseudogenes compete with their parental gene for binding to the microRNAs (miRNAs), while others generate small interference RNAs (siRNAs) to decrease functional gene expression, and still others encode functional mutated proteins. Consequently, pseudogenes can be considered as actual master regulators of numerous biological processes. Here, we provide a detailed classification and description of the structural features of the ferritin pseudogenes known to date and review the recent evidence on their mutual interrelation within the complex regulatory network of the ferritin gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.D.S.); (B.Q.); (F.B.)
| | - Barbara Quaresima
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.D.S.); (B.Q.); (F.B.)
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.D.S.); (B.Q.); (F.B.)
| | - Camillo Palmieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.D.S.); (B.Q.); (F.B.)
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.D.S.); (B.Q.); (F.B.)
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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23
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Zhou J, Liu C, Francis M, Sun Y, Ryu MS, Grider A, Ye K. The Causal Effects of Blood Iron and Copper on Lipid Metabolism Diseases: Evidence from Phenome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3174. [PMID: 33080795 PMCID: PMC7603077 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood levels of iron and copper, even within their normal ranges, have been associated with a wide range of clinical outcomes. The available epidemiological evidence for these associations is often inconsistent and suffers from confounding and reverse causation. This study aims to examine the causal clinical effects of blood iron and copper with Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Genetic instruments for the blood levels of iron and copper were curated from existing genome-wide association studies. Candidate clinical outcomes were identified based on a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) between these genetic instruments and a wide range of phenotypes in 310,999 unrelated individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. All signals passing stringent correction for multiple testing were followed by MR analyses, with replication in independent data sources where possible. We found that genetically predicted higher blood levels of iron and copper are both associated with lower risks of iron deficiency anemia (odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-0.85, p = 1.90 × 10-6 for iron; OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78-0.98, p = 0.032 for copper), lipid metabolism disorders, and its two subcategories, hyperlipidemia (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.96, p = 6.44 × 10-4; OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.98, p = 5.51 × 10-3) and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.95, p = 5.34 × 10-4; OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, p = 0.022). Consistently, they are also associated with lower blood levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multiple sensitivity tests were applied to assess the presence of pleiotropy and the robustness of causal estimates. Regardless of the approaches, consistent evidence was obtained. Moreover, the unique clinical effects of each blood mineral were identified. Notably, genetically predicated higher blood iron is associated with an enhanced risk of varicose veins (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15-1.42, p = 4.34 × 10-6), while blood copper is positively associated with the risk of osteoarthrosis (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.13, p = 0.010). Sex-stratified MR analysis further revealed some degree of sex differences in their clinical effects. Our comparative PheWAS-MR study of iron and copper comprehensively characterized their shared and unique clinical effects, highlighting their potential causal roles in hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. Given the modifiable nature of blood mineral status and the potential for clinical intervention, these findings warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Zhou
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.Z.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.Z.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Michael Francis
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Yitang Sun
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.Z.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Moon-Suhn Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Arthur Grider
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Kaixiong Ye
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.Z.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
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24
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Ghrayeb H, Elias M, Nashashibi J, Youssef A, Manal M, Mahagna L, Refaat M, Schwartz N, Elias A. Appetite and ghrelin levels in iron deficiency anemia and the effect of parenteral iron therapy: A longitudinal study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234209. [PMID: 32497136 PMCID: PMC7272047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is associated with decreased appetite. The ghrelin hormone is one of the major regulators of appetite. OBJECTIVES To evaluate appetite and ghrelin levels in patients with IDA, and to investigate the change in appetite and ghrelin following intravenous iron therapy. METHODS A total of 56 IDA patients and 51 controls were included in the study. Both appetite and ghrelin were assessed at baseline and following intravenous iron therapy. These were assessed at corresponding time intervals in the control group. Appetite was assessed by the SNAQ score (Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire) and fasting ghrelin levels were assessed by acylated ghrelin (AG), unacylated ghrelin (UAG) and their respective ratio AG/UAG. RESULTS IDA patients had significantly lower SNAQ scores, yet higher AG levels and higher AG/UAG ratios compared to healthy controls; the mean SNAQ scores were 12.56 ± 3.45 and 16.1 ± 2, respectively (P<0.01); the median AG levels were 57.5 pg/ml and 43 pg/ml respectively (P = 0.007); and the median AG/UAG ratios were 0.48 and 0.25 respectively (P = 0.04). On multivariate linear regression analysis, IDA remained independently associated with decreased SNAQ score (β = -0.524, P<0.001) and increased acylated ghrelin (β = 0.289, P = 0.013). After IDA was treated, SNAQ scores increased significantly by a mean of 2 points. AG and AG/UAG ratios decreased significantly by a mean of -18.44 pg/ml and -0.2 respectively. The control group showed no significant change in SNAQ scores or ghrelin at corresponding time intervals. CONCLUSIONS IDA patients have a reduced appetite and paradoxically elevated ghrelin hormone activity compared to healthy controls. Treating IDA enhances appetite and lowers ghrelin levels. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanism of this paradoxical ghrelin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanin Ghrayeb
- Department of Internal Medicine C, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
- Rapaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mazen Elias
- Department of Internal Medicine C, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
- Rapaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jeries Nashashibi
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Awni Youssef
- Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Medicine, Azrieli Faculty of medicine, Safed, Israel
| | - Mari Manal
- Nazareth Tower Out Patients Clinic Ambulatory, Clalit, Nazareth, Israel
| | - Liala Mahagna
- Endocrine laboratory, HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Masalha Refaat
- Endocrine laboratory, HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Naama Schwartz
- Clinical Research Unit, HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Adi Elias
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- * E-mail:
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25
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Finoshin AD, Adameyko KI, Mikhailov KV, Kravchuk OI, Georgiev AA, Gornostaev NG, Kosevich IA, Mikhailov VS, Gazizova GR, Shagimardanova EI, Gusev OA, Lyupina YV. Iron metabolic pathways in the processes of sponge plasticity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228722. [PMID: 32084159 PMCID: PMC7034838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to regulate oxygen consumption evolved in ancestral animals and is intrinsically linked to iron metabolism. The iron pathways have been intensively studied in mammals, whereas data on distant invertebrates are limited. Sea sponges represent the oldest animal phylum and have unique structural plasticity and capacity to reaggregate after complete dissociation. We studied iron metabolic factors and their expression during reaggregation in the White Sea cold-water sponges Halichondria panicea and Halisarca dujardini. De novo transcriptomes were assembled using RNA-Seq data, and evolutionary trends were analyzed with bioinformatic tools. Differential expression during reaggregation was studied for H. dujardini. Enzymes of the heme biosynthesis pathway and transport globins, neuroglobin (NGB) and androglobin (ADGB), were identified in sponges. The globins mutate at higher evolutionary rates than the heme synthesis enzymes. Highly conserved iron-regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) presumably interacts with the iron-responsive elements (IREs) found in mRNAs of ferritin (FTH1) and a putative transferrin receptor NAALAD2. The reaggregation process is accompanied by increased expression of IRP1, the antiapoptotic factor BCL2, the inflammation factor NFκB (p65), FTH1 and NGB, as well as by an increase in mitochondrial density. Our data indicate a complex mechanism of iron regulation in sponge structural plasticity and help to better understand general mechanisms of morphogenetic processes in multicellular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D. Finoshin
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kim I. Adameyko
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Mikhailov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- A.A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana I. Kravchuk
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Nicolay G. Gornostaev
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Victor S. Mikhailov
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Oleg A. Gusev
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- KFU-RIKEN Translational Genomics Unit, RIKEN National Science Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yulia V. Lyupina
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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26
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Heggland EI, Tröße C, Eichner C, Nilsen F. Heavy and light chain homologs of ferritin are essential for blood-feeding and egg production of the ectoparasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2019; 232:111197. [PMID: 31251953 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2019.111197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, is a hematophagous ectoparasite of salmonid fish. Due to its blood-feeding activity, the louse is exposed to great amounts of iron, which is an essential, yet potentially toxic mineral. The major known iron storage protein is ferritin, which the salmon louse encodes four genes of (LsFer1-4). Two of the ferritins are predicted to be secreted. These are one of the heavy chain homologs (LsFer1) and the light chain homolog (LsFer2). Here, we perform functional studies and characterize the two secreted ferritins. Our results show that knocking down LsFer1 and LsFer2 both negatively affect the parasite's physiology, as it is not able to properly feed and reproduce. In a starvation experiment, the transcript levels of both LsFer1 and LsFer2 decrease during the starvation period. Combined, these results demonstrate the importance of these genes for the normal parasite biology, and they could thus potentially be targets for pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Irene Heggland
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC), University of Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Christiane Eichner
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Nilsen
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC), University of Bergen, Norway
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27
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Nashashibi J, Avraham GR, Schwartz N, Awni Y, Elias M. Intravenous iron treatment reduces coagulability in patients with iron deficiency anaemia: a longitudinal study. Br J Haematol 2019; 185:93-101. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Youssef Awni
- Faculty of Medicine Bar‐Ilan University Tzfat Israel
| | - Mazen Elias
- Internal Medicine C Emek Medical Centre AfulaIsrael
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28
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Cadenas B, Fita-Torró J, Bermúdez-Cortés M, Hernandez-Rodriguez I, Fuster JL, Llinares ME, Galera AM, Romero JL, Pérez-Montero S, Tornador C, Sanchez M. L-Ferritin: One Gene, Five Diseases; from Hereditary Hyperferritinemia to Hypoferritinemia-Report of New Cases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010017. [PMID: 30678075 PMCID: PMC6469184 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferritin is a multimeric protein composed of light (L-ferritin) and heavy (H-ferritin) subunits that binds and stores iron inside the cell. A variety of mutations have been reported in the L-ferritin subunit gene (FTL gene) that cause the following five diseases: (1) hereditary hyperferritinemia with cataract syndrome (HHCS), (2) neuroferritinopathy, a subtype of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), (3) benign hyperferritinemia, (4) L-ferritin deficiency with autosomal dominant inheritance, and (5) L-ferritin deficiency with autosomal recessive inheritance. Defects in the FTL gene lead to abnormally high levels of serum ferritin (hyperferritinemia) in HHCS and benign hyperferritinemia, while low levels (hypoferritinemia) are present in neuroferritinopathy and in autosomal dominant and recessive L-ferritin deficiency. Iron disturbances as well as neuromuscular and cognitive deficits are present in some, but not all, of these diseases. Here, we identified two novel FTL variants that cause dominant L-ferritin deficiency and HHCS (c.375+2T > A and 36_42delCAACAGT, respectively), and one previously reported variant (Met1Val) that causes dominant L-ferritin deficiency. Globally, genetic changes in the FTL gene are responsible for multiple phenotypes and an accurate diagnosis is useful for appropriate treatment. To help in this goal, we included a diagnostic algorithm for the detection of diseases caused by defects in FTL gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cadenas
- Whole Genix SL., 08021 Barcelona, Spain.
- Iron Metabolism: Regulation and Diseases Group, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain.
- Experimental Sciences and Technology Department, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain.
| | - Josep Fita-Torró
- BloodGenetics SL, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mar Bermúdez-Cortés
- Pediatric OncoHematology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Inés Hernandez-Rodriguez
- Hematology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol (HGTiP), Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Luis Fuster
- Pediatric OncoHematology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain.
| | - María Esther Llinares
- Pediatric OncoHematology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Ana María Galera
- Pediatric OncoHematology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Julia Lee Romero
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | | | - Cristian Tornador
- Whole Genix SL., 08021 Barcelona, Spain.
- BloodGenetics SL, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mayka Sanchez
- BloodGenetics SL, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
- Program of Predictive and Personalised Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain.
- Iron Metabolism: Regulation and Diseases Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08195 Barcelona, Spain.
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29
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Coba de la Peña T, Cárcamo CB, Díaz MI, Winkler FM, Morales-Lange B, Mercado L, Brokordt KB. Cloning and molecular characterization of two ferritins from red abalone Haliotis rufescens and their expressions in response to bacterial challenge at juvenile and adult life stages. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:279-285. [PMID: 30125708 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferritins are ubiquitous proteins with a pivotal role in iron storage and homeostasis, and in host defense responses during infection by pathogens in several organisms, including mollusks. In this study, we characterized two ferritin homologues in the red abalone Haliotis rufescens, a species of economic importance for Chile, USA and Mexico. Two ferritin subunits (Hrfer1 and Hrfer2) were cloned. Hrfer1 cDNA is an 807 bp clone containing a 516 bp open reading frame (ORF) that corresponds to a novel ferritin subunit in H. rufescens. Hrfer2 cDNA is an 868 bp clone containing a 516 bp ORF that corresponds to a previously reported ferritin subunit, but in this study 5'- and 3'-UTR sequences were additionally found. We detected a putative Iron Responsive Element (IRE) in the 5'-UTR sequence, suggesting a posttranscriptional regulation of Hrfer2 translation by iron. The deduced protein sequences of both cDNAs possessed the motifs and domains required in functional ferritin subunits. Expression patterns of both ferritins in different tissues, during different developmental stages, and in response to bacterial (Vibrio splendidus) exposure were examined. Both Hrfer1 and Hrfer2 are most expressed in digestive gland and gonad. Hrfer1 mRNA levels increased about 34-fold along with larval developmental process, attaining the highest level in the creeping post-larvae. Exogenous feeding is initiated at the creeping larva stage; thus, the increase of Hrfer1 may suggest and immunity-related role upon exposure to bacteria. Highest Hrfer2 expression levels were detected at trochophore stage; which may be related with early shell formation. Upon challenge with, the bacteria an early mild induction of Hrfer2 (2 h post-challenge), followed by a stronger induction of Hrfer1 at 15 h post-challenge, was observed in haemocytes from adult abalones. While maximal upregulation of both genes in the whole individual occurred at 24 h post-challenge, in juveniles. A significant increase in ferritin protein levels from 6 h to 24 h post-challenge was also detected. Our results suggest an involvement of Hrfer1 and Hrfer2, and of ferritin proteins in the immune response of H. rufescens to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Coba de la Peña
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) and Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Claudia B Cárcamo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) and Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile; Centro de Innovación Acuícola AquaPacífico, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - María I Díaz
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) and Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile; Programa de Magíster en Ciencias Del Mar Mención Recursos Costeros, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Federico M Winkler
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) and Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile; Centro de Innovación Acuícola AquaPacífico, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile; Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Byron Morales-Lange
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2373223, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Luis Mercado
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2373223, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Katherina B Brokordt
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) and Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile; Centro de Innovación Acuícola AquaPacífico, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281, Coquimbo, Chile.
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30
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Ishida JK, Caldas DGG, Oliveira LR, Frederici GC, Leite LMP, Mui TS. Genome-wide characterization of the NRAMP gene family in Phaseolus vulgaris provides insights into functional implications during common bean development. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:820-833. [PMID: 30334565 PMCID: PMC6415609 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transporter proteins play an essential role in the uptake, trafficking and storage of metals in plant tissues. The Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Protein (NRAMP) family plays an essential role in divalent metal transport. We conducted bioinformatics approaches to identify seven NRAMP genes in the Phaseolus vulgaris genome, investigated their phylogenetic relation, and performed transmembrane domain and gene/protein structure analyses. We found that the NRAMP gene family forms two distinct groups. One group included the PvNRAMP1, -6, and -7 genes that share a fragmented structure with a numerous exon/intron organization and encode proteins with mitochondrial or plastidial localization. The other group is characterized by few exons that encode cytoplasmic proteins. In addition, our data indicated that PvNRAMP6 and -7 may be involved in mineral uptake and mobilization in nodule tissues, while the genes PvNRAMP1, -2, -3, -4 and -5 are potentially recruited during plant development. This data provided a more comprehensive understanding of the role of NRAMP transporters in metal homeostasis in P. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Karine Ishida
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo (CENA-USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle G G Caldas
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo (CENA-USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Roberto Oliveira
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo (CENA-USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Campos Frederici
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo (CENA-USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Tsai Siu Mui
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo (CENA-USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Kao YR, Chen J, Narayanagari SR, Todorova TI, Aivalioti MM, Ferreira M, Ramos-Marques P, Pallaud C, Mantzaris I, Shastri A, Bussel JB, Verma A, Steidl U, Will B. Thrombopoietin receptor-independent stimulation of hematopoietic stem cells by eltrombopag. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:10/458/eaas9563. [PMID: 30209246 PMCID: PMC9899005 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aas9563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Eltrombopag (EP), a small-molecule thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) agonist and potent intracellular iron chelator, has shown remarkable efficacy in stimulating sustained multilineage hematopoiesis in patients with bone marrow failure syndromes, suggesting an effect at the most immature hematopoietic stem and multipotent progenitor level. Although the functional and molecular effects of EP on megakaryopoiesis have been studied in the past, mechanistic insights into its effects on the earliest stages of hematopoiesis have been limited. We investigated the effects of EP treatment on hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function using purified primary HSCs in separation-of-function mouse models, including a TPO-R-deficient strain, and stem cells isolated from patients undergoing TPO-R agonist treatment. Our mechanistic studies showed a stimulatory effect on stem cell self-renewal independently of TPO-R. Human and mouse HSCs responded to acute EP treatment with metabolic and gene expression alterations consistent with a reduction of intracellular labile iron pools that are essential for stem cell maintenance. Iron preloading prevented the stem cell stimulatory effects of EP. Moreover, comparative analysis of stem cells in the bone marrow of patients receiving EP showed a marked increase in the number of functional stem cells compared to patients undergoing therapy with romiplostim, another TPO-R agonist lacking an iron-chelating ability. Together, our study demonstrates that EP stimulates hematopoiesis at the stem cell level through iron chelation-mediated molecular reprogramming and indicates that labile iron pool-regulated pathways can modulate HSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ruei Kao
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | | | - Tihomira I. Todorova
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Maria M. Aivalioti
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Mariana Ferreira
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | | | | | - Ioannis Mantzaris
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Aditi Shastri
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - James B. Bussel
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College, Bronx, NY 10461,Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College, Bronx, NY 10461,Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461,Corresponding authors: Britta Will or Ulrich Steidl
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College, Bronx, NY 10461,Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461,Corresponding authors: Britta Will or Ulrich Steidl
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32
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Peltier L, Bendavid C, Cavey T, Island ML, Doyard M, Leroyer P, Allain C, De Tayrac M, Ropert M, Loréal O, Guggenbuhl P. Iron excess upregulates SPNS2 mRNA levels but reduces sphingosine-1-phosphate export in human osteoblastic MG-63 cells. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1905-1915. [PMID: 29721575 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We aimed to study the mechanisms involved in bone-related iron impairment by using the osteoblast-like MG-63 cell line. Our results indicate that iron impact the S1P/S1PR signalizing axis and suggest that iron can affect the S1P process and favor the occurrence of osteoporosis during chronic iron overload. INTRODUCTION Systemic iron excess favors the development of osteoporosis, especially during genetic hemochromatosis. The cellular mechanisms involved are still unclear despite numerous data supporting a direct effect of iron on bone biology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize mechanisms involved in the iron-related osteoblast impairment. METHODS We studied, by using the MG-63 cell lines, the effect of iron excess on SPNS2 gene expression which was previously identified by us as potentially iron-regulated. Cell-type specificity was investigated with hepatoma HepG2 and enterocyte-like Caco-2 cell lines as well as in iron-overloaded mouse liver. The SPNS2-associated function was also investigated in MG-63 cells by fluxomic strategy which led us to determinate the S1P efflux in iron excess condition. RESULTS We showed in MG-63 cells that iron exposure strongly increased the mRNA level of the SPNS2 gene. This was not observed in HepG2, in Caco-2 cells, and in mouse livers. Fluxomic study performed concomitantly on MG-63 cells revealed an unexpected decrease in the cellular capacity to export S1P. Iron excess did not modulate SPHK1, SPHK2, SGPL1, or SGPP1 gene expression, but decreased COL1A1 and S1PR1 mRNA levels, suggesting a functional implication of low extracellular S1P concentration on the S1P/S1PR signalizing axis. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that iron impacts the S1P/S1PR signalizing axis in the MG-63 cell line and suggest that iron can affect the bone-associated S1P pathway and favor the occurrence of osteoporosis during chronic iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Peltier
- Service de Biochimie - Toxicologie, CHU Rennes, F-35033, Rennes, France
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - C Bendavid
- Service de Biochimie - Toxicologie, CHU Rennes, F-35033, Rennes, France
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - T Cavey
- Service de Biochimie - Toxicologie, CHU Rennes, F-35033, Rennes, France
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - M-L Island
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - M Doyard
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - P Leroyer
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - C Allain
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - M De Tayrac
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGdR), F-35043, Rennes, France
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU Rennes, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - M Ropert
- Service de Biochimie - Toxicologie, CHU Rennes, F-35033, Rennes, France
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - O Loréal
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - P Guggenbuhl
- INSERM, INRA, Univ Rennes1, Univ Bretagne Loire, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cancer, Rennes, France.
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU Rennes, F-35203, Rennes, France.
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Trace Elements and Healthcare: A Bioinformatics Perspective. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1005:63-98. [PMID: 28916929 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5717-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biological trace elements are essential for human health. Imbalance in trace element metabolism and homeostasis may play an important role in a variety of diseases and disorders. While the majority of previous researches focused on experimental verification of genes involved in trace element metabolism and those encoding trace element-dependent proteins, bioinformatics study on trace elements is relatively rare and still at the starting stage. This chapter offers an overview of recent progress in bioinformatics analyses of trace element utilization, metabolism, and function, especially comparative genomics of several important metals. The relationship between individual elements and several diseases based on recent large-scale systematic studies such as genome-wide association studies and case-control studies is discussed. Lastly, developments of ionomics and its recent application in human health are also introduced.
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34
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Walter-Nuno AB, Taracena ML, Mesquita RD, Oliveira PL, Paiva-Silva GO. Silencing of Iron and Heme-Related Genes Revealed a Paramount Role of Iron in the Physiology of the Hematophagous Vector Rhodnius prolixus. Front Genet 2018; 9:19. [PMID: 29456553 PMCID: PMC5801409 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for most organisms However, free iron and heme, its complex with protoporphyrin IX, can be extremely cytotoxic, due to the production of reactive oxygen species, eventually leading to oxidative stress. Thus, eukaryotic cells control iron availability by regulating its transport, storage and excretion as well as the biosynthesis and degradation of heme. In the genome of Rhodnius prolixus, the vector of Chagas disease, we identified 36 genes related to iron and heme metabolism We performed a comprehensive analysis of these genes, including identification of homologous genes described in other insect genomes. We observed that blood-meal modulates the expression of ferritin, Iron Responsive protein (IRP), Heme Oxygenase (HO) and the heme exporter Feline Leukemia Virus C Receptor (FLVCR), components of major pathways involved in the regulation of iron and heme metabolism, particularly in the posterior midgut (PM), where an intense release of free heme occurs during the course of digestion. Knockdown of these genes impacted the survival of nymphs and adults, as well as molting, oogenesis and embryogenesis at different rates and time-courses. The silencing of FLVCR caused the highest levels of mortality in nymphs and adults and reduced nymph molting. The oogenesis was mildly affected by the diminished expression of all of the genes whereas embryogenesis was dramatically impaired by the knockdown of ferritin expression. Furthermore, an intense production of ROS in the midgut of blood-fed insects occurs when the expression of ferritin, but not HO, was inhibited. In this manner, the degradation of dietary heme inside the enterocytes may represent an oxidative challenge that is counteracted by ferritins, conferring to this protein a major antioxidant role. Taken together these results demonstrate that the regulation of iron and heme metabolism is of paramount importance for R. prolixus physiology and imbalances in the levels of these key proteins after a blood- meal can be extremely deleterious to the insects in their various stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Walter-Nuno
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mabel L Taracena
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael D Mesquita
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela O Paiva-Silva
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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35
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Evaluation of the iron regulatory protein-1 interactome. Biometals 2018; 31:139-146. [PMID: 29330752 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) with mRNAs containing an iron-responsive element (IRE) is a major means through which intracellular iron homeostasis is maintained and integrated with cellular function. Although IRE-IRP interactions have been proposed to modulate the expression of a diverse number of mRNAs, a transcriptome analysis of the interactions that form within the native mRNA structure and cellular environment has not previously been described. An RNA-CLIP study is described here that identified IRP-1 interactions occurring within a primary cell line expressing physiologically relevant amounts of mRNA and protein. The study suggests that only a small subset of the previously proposed IREs interact with IRP-1 in situ. Identifying authentic IRP interactions is not only important to a greater understanding of iron homeostasis and its integration with cell biology but also to the development of novel therapeutics that can compensate for iron imbalances.
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36
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Holmes-Hampton GP, Ghosh MC, Rouault TA. Methods for Studying Iron Regulatory Protein 1: An Important Protein in Human Iron Metabolism. Methods Enzymol 2017; 599:139-155. [PMID: 29746238 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron regulatory proteins 1 and 2 (IRP1 and IRP2) are two cytosolic proteins that maintain cellular iron homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes involved in iron metabolism. IRPs respond to cellular iron deficiency by binding to iron-responsive elements (IREs) found in the mRNAs of iron metabolism transcripts, enhancing iron import, and reducing iron storage, utilization, and export. IRP1, a bifunctional protein, exists in equilibrium between a [Fe4S4] cluster containing cytosolic aconitase, and an apoprotein that binds to IREs. At high cellular iron levels, this equilibrium is shifted more toward iron-sulfur cluster containing aconitase, whereas IRP2 undergoes proteasomal degradation by an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that contains an F-box protein, FBXL5. Irp1-/- mice develop polycythemia and pulmonary hypertension, whereas Irp2-/- mice develop microcytic anemia and progressive neurodegeneration, indicating that Irp1 has important functions in the erythropoietic and pulmonary systems, and Irp2 has essential roles in supporting erythropoiesis and nervous system functions. Mice lacking both Irp1 and Irp2 die during embryogenesis, suggesting that functions of Irp1 and Irp2 are redundant. In this review, we will focus on the methods for studying IRP1 activities and function in cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Holmes-Hampton
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Manik C Ghosh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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37
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The actin-binding protein profilin 2 is a novel regulator of iron homeostasis. Blood 2017; 130:1934-1945. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-11-754382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Pfn2 mRNA has a functional and conserved IRE in the 3′ untranslated region. Pfn2 knockout mice display an iron phenotype with iron accumulation in specific areas of the brain and depletion of liver iron stores.
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38
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Liang H, Huang H, Tan PZ, Liu Y, Nie JH, Zhang YT, Zhang KL, Diao Y, He Q, Hou BY, Zhao TT, Li YZ, Lv GX, Lee KY, Gao X, Zhou LY. Effect of iron on cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression in alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1548-1560. [PMID: 28536109 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m074534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both iron and lipids are involved in the progression of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), but the interaction between iron and lipids in AFLD is unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that iron regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism through iron regulatory proteins (IRPs), which interact with the iron-responsive elements (IREs) in the untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes, resulting in lipid accumulation. Using "RNA structure software", we predicted the mRNA secondary structures of more than 100 genes involved in lipid metabolism to investigate whether the IRE structure exists in novel mRNAs. Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) has an IRE-like stem-loop, a noncanonical IRE structure, in its 3'-UTR. Cyp7a1 expression can be regulated by in vivo and in vitro iron treatment. In addition, the noncanonical IRE motif can efficiently bind both to IRP1 and IRP2. The results indicate that hepatic iron overloading in AFLD mice decreased Cyp7a1 expression and resulted in cholesterol accumulation, providing a new mechanism of iron-regulated gene transcription and translation through the interaction between iron and a noncanonical IRE structure in Cyp7a1 mRNA. This finding has significant implications in studying a proposed mechanism for the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis by an Fe/IRP/noncanonical IRE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Pei-Zhu Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China; Experiment Center of Biotechnology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jun-Hui Nie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Yi-Tong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai-Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Diao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Bao-Yu Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Ze Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China.
| | - Gui-Xiang Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China.
| | - Ling-Yun Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
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Dashti ZJS, Gamieldien J, Christoffels A. Computational characterization of Iron metabolism in the Tsetse disease vector, Glossina morsitans: IRE stem-loops. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:561. [PMID: 27503259 PMCID: PMC4977773 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron metabolism and regulation is an indispensable part of species survival, most importantly for blood feeding insects. Iron regulatory proteins are central regulators of iron homeostasis, whose binding to iron response element (IRE) stem-loop structures within the UTRs of genes regulate expression at the post-transcriptional level. Despite the extensive literature on the mechanism of iron regulation in human, less attention has been given to insect and more specifically the blood feeding insects, where research has mainly focused on the characterization of ferritin and transferrin. We thus, examined the mechanism of iron homeostasis through a genome-wide computational identification of IREs and other enriched motifs in the UTRs of Glossina morsitans with the view to identify new IRE-regulated genes. Results We identified 150 genes, of which two are known to contain IREs, namely the ferritin heavy chain and the MRCK-alpha. The remainder of the identified genes is considered novel including 20 hypothetical proteins, for which an iron-regulatory mechanism of action was inferred. Forty-three genes were found with IRE-signatures of regulation in two or more insects, while 46 were only found to be IRE-regulated in two species. Notably 39 % of the identified genes exclusively shared IRE-signatures in other Glossina species, which are potentially Glossina-specific adaptive measures in addressing its unique reproductive biology and blood meal-induced iron overload. In line with previous findings, we found no evidence pertaining to an IRE regulation of Transferrin, which highlight the importance of ferritin heavy chain and the other proposed transporters in the tsetse fly. In the context of iron-sequestration, key players of tsetse immune defence against trypanosomes have been introduced namely 14 stress and immune response genes, while 28 cell-envelop, transport, and binding genes were assigned a putative role in iron trafficking. Additionally, we identified and annotated enriched motifs in the UTRs of the putative IRE-regulated genes to derive at a co-regulatory network that maintains iron homeostasis in tsetse flies. Three putative microRNA-binding sites namely Gy-box, Brd-box and K-box motifs were identified among the regulatory motifs, enriched in the UTRs of the putative IRE-regulated genes. Conclusion Beyond our current view of iron metabolism in insects, with ferritin and transferrin as its key players, this study provides a comprehensive catalogue of genes with possible roles in the acquisition; transport and storage of iron hence iron homeostasis in the tsetse fly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2932-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jalali Sefid Dashti
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, The South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Street, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Junaid Gamieldien
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, The South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Street, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, The South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Street, Bellville, South Africa.
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40
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Coba de la Peña T, Cárcamo CB, Díaz MI, Brokordt KB, Winkler FM. Molecular characterization of two ferritins of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus and gene expressions in association with early development, immune response and growth rate. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 198:46-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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41
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Introduction to Bioinformatics Resources for Post-transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1358:3-28. [PMID: 26463374 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3067-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Untranslated regions (UTRs) and, to a lesser extent, coding sequences of mRNAs are involved in defining the fate of the mature transcripts through the modulation of three primary control processes, mRNA localization, degradation and translation; the action of trans-factors such as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) combined with the presence of defined sequence and structural cis-elements ultimately determines translation levels. Identifying functional regions in UTRs and uncovering post-transcriptional regulators acting upon these regions is thus of paramount importance to understand the spectrum of regulatory possibilities for any given mRNA. This tasks can now be approached computationally, to reduce the space of testable hypotheses and to drive experimental validation.This chapter focuses on presenting databases and tools allowing to study the various aspects of post-transcriptional regulation, including motif search (sequence and secondary structure), prediction of regulatory networks (e.g., RBP and ncRNA binding sites), profiling of the mRNAs translational state, and other aspects of this level of gene expression regulation. Two analysis pipelines are also presented as practical examples of how the described tools could be integrated and effectively employed.
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Pihan-Le Bars F, Bonnet F, Loréal O, Le Loupp AG, Ropert M, Letessier E, Prieur X, Bach K, Deugnier Y, Fromenty B, Cariou B. Indicators of iron status are correlated with adiponectin expression in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2015; 42:105-11. [PMID: 26677772 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to assess interactions between glucose and iron homoeostasis in the adipose tissue (AT) of obese subjects. METHODS A total of 46 obese patients eligible for bariatric surgery were recruited into the study. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were assessed, and biopsies of subcutaneous (SCAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) performed. The mRNA levels of genes involved in iron and glucose homoeostasis were measured in their AT and compared with a pool of control samples. RESULTS Gene expression of hepcidin (HAMP) was significantly increased in the SCAT and VAT of obese patients, while transferrin receptor (TFRC) expression was reduced, compared with non-obese controls, suggesting a higher iron load in obese patients. Also, mRNA levels of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) were decreased in both SCAT and VAT in obese patients, and correlated negatively with hepcidin expression, while adiponectin expression was positively correlated with TFRC expression in both SCAT and VAT. Interestingly, TFRC expression in VAT correlated negatively with several metabolic parameters, such as fasting blood glucose and LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSION Iron content appears to be increased in the SCAT and VAT of obese patients, and negatively correlated with adiponectin expression, which could be contributing to insulin resistance and the metabolic complications of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pihan-Le Bars
- Inserm, UMR 991, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, CHU de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France
| | - F Bonnet
- Inserm, UMR 991, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, CHU de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - O Loréal
- Inserm, UMR 991, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; Centre National de Référence des surcharges en fer rares d'origine génétique, CHU Pontchaillou, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - A-G Le Loupp
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - M Ropert
- Inserm, UMR 991, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU de Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - E Letessier
- Clinique de Chirurgie Digestive et Endocrinienne, CHU de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - X Prieur
- Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Inserm, UMR 1087-CNRS UMR 6291, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - K Bach
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Y Deugnier
- Inserm, UMR 991, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; Centre National de Référence des surcharges en fer rares d'origine génétique, CHU Pontchaillou, 35000 Rennes, France; Service des maladies du foie, CHU de Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - B Fromenty
- Inserm, UMR 991, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - B Cariou
- Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Inserm, UMR 1087-CNRS UMR 6291, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France; CHU de Nantes, clinique d'Endocrinologie, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
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Tröße C, Kongshaug H, Dondrup M, Nilsen F. Characterisation of iron regulatory protein 1A and 1B in the blood-feeding copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Exp Parasitol 2015; 157:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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You X, Sheng J, Liu L, Nie D, Liao Z. Three ferritin subunit analogs in Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) and their response to microbial stimulation. Mol Immunol 2015; 67:642-51. [PMID: 26319314 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ferritin, an evolutionarily conserved iron-binding protein, plays important roles in iron storage and detoxification and in host immune response to invading stimulus as well. In the present study, we identified three ferritin subunit analog cDNAs from Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus). All the three ferritin subunit cDNAs had a putative iron responsive element in the 5'-untranslated region. Two deduced ferritin subunits (designated as cgsFerH and cgsFerM) had the highest identity of 90% to H type subunit of vertebrate ferritins, while another deduced ferritin subunit (designated as cgsFerL) had the highest identity of 84% to L type subunit of vertebrate ferritins. The Chinese giant salamander ferritin (cgsFer) was widely expressed in various tissues, with highest expression for cgsFerH and cgsFerL in liver and highest expression for cgsFerM in spleen. Infection of Chinese giant salamander with A. davidianus ranavirus showed significant induction of cgsFer expression. Both lipopolysaccharide and iron challenge drastically augmented cgsFer expression in the splenocytes and hepatocytes from Chinese giant salamander. In addition, recombinant cgsFers bound to ferrous iron in a dose-dependent manner, with significant ferroxidase activity. Furthermore, the recombinant cgsFer inhibited the growth of the pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. These results indicated that cgsFer was potential candidate of immune molecules involved in acute phase response to invading microbial pathogens in Chinese giant salamander possibly through its regulatory roles in iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling You
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jianghong Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Dongsong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Zhiyong Liao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Nairz M, Ferring-Appel D, Casarrubea D, Sonnweber T, Viatte L, Schroll A, Haschka D, Fang FC, Hentze MW, Weiss G, Galy B. Iron Regulatory Proteins Mediate Host Resistance to Salmonella Infection. Cell Host Microbe 2015; 18:254-61. [PMID: 26190773 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential for systemic iron recycling, and also control iron availability to pathogens. Iron metabolism in mammalian cells is orchestrated posttranscriptionally by iron-regulatory proteins (IRP)-1 and -2. Here, we generated mice with selective and combined ablation of both IRPs in macrophages to investigate the role of IRPs in controlling iron availability. These animals are hyperferritinemic but otherwise display normal clinical iron parameters. However, mutant mice rapidly succumb to systemic infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, a pathogenic bacterium that multiplies within macrophages, with increased bacterial burdens in liver and spleen. Ex vivo infection experiments indicate that IRP function restricts bacterial access to iron via the EntC and Feo bacterial iron-acquisition systems. Further, IRPs contain Salmonella by promoting the induction of lipocalin 2, a host antimicrobial factor that inhibits bacterial uptake of iron-laden siderophores, and by suppressing the ferritin iron pool. This work reveals the importance of the IRPs in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dunja Ferring-Appel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Casarrubea
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lydie Viatte
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schroll
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Haschka
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ferric C Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7735, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7735, USA
| | - Matthias W Hentze
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, and Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Bruno Galy
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Overexpression of the MRI Reporter Genes Ferritin and Transferrin Receptor Affect Iron Homeostasis and Produce Limited Contrast in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15481-96. [PMID: 26184159 PMCID: PMC4519909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging technologies that allow the non-invasive monitoring of stem cells in vivo play a vital role in cell-based regenerative therapies. Recently, much interest has been generated in reporter genes that enable simultaneous monitoring of the anatomical location and viability of cells using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we investigate the efficacy of ferritin heavy chain-1 (Fth1) and transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1) as reporters for tracking mesenchymal stem cells. The overexpression of TfR1 was well tolerated by the cells but Fth1 was found to affect the cell’s iron homeostasis, leading to phenotypic changes in the absence of iron supplementation and an upregulation in transcript and protein levels of the cell’s endogenous transferrin receptor. Neither the sole overexpression of Fth1 nor TfR1 resulted in significant increases in intracellular iron content, although significant differences were seen when the two reporter genes were used in combination, in the presence of high concentrations of iron. The supplementation of the culture medium with iron sources was a more efficient means to obtain contrast than the use of reporter genes, where high levels of intracellular iron were reflected in transverse (T2) relaxation. The feasibility of imaging iron-supplemented cells by MRI is shown using a 3R-compliant chick embryo model.
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Tejedor J, Papasaikas P, Valcárcel J. Genome-Wide Identification of Fas/CD95 Alternative Splicing Regulators Reveals Links with Iron Homeostasis. Mol Cell 2015; 57:23-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hernández-Cuevas NA, Weber C, Hon CC, Guillen N. Gene expression profiling in Entamoeba histolytica identifies key components in iron uptake and metabolism. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107102. [PMID: 25210888 PMCID: PMC4161402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica is an ameboid parasite that causes colonic dysentery and liver abscesses in humans. The parasite encounters dramatic changes in iron concentration during its invasion of the host, with relatively low levels in the intestinal lumen and then relatively high levels in the blood and liver. The liver notably contains sources of iron; therefore, the parasite's ability to use these sources might be relevant to its survival in the liver and thus the pathogenesis of liver abscesses. The objective of the present study was to identify factors involved in iron uptake, use and storage in E. histolytica. We compared the respective transcriptomes of E. histolytica trophozoites grown in normal medium (containing around 169 µM iron), low-iron medium (around 123 µM iron), iron-deficient medium (around 91 µM iron), and iron-deficient medium replenished with hemoglobin. The differentially expressed genes included those coding for the ATP-binding cassette transporters and major facilitator transporters (which share homology with bacterial siderophores and heme transporters) and genes involved in heme biosynthesis and degradation. Iron deficiency was associated with increased transcription of genes encoding a subset of cell signaling molecules, some of which have previously been linked to adaptation to the intestinal environment and virulence. The present study is the first to have assessed the transcriptome of E. histolytica grown under various iron concentrations. Our results provide insights into the pathways involved in iron uptake and metabolism in this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Weber
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, Paris, France
- INSERM U786, Paris, France
| | - Chung-Chau Hon
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, Paris, France
- INSERM U786, Paris, France
| | - Nancy Guillen
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, Paris, France
- INSERM U786, Paris, France
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Huan P, Liu G, Wang H, Liu B. Multiple ferritin subunit genes of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and their distinct expression patterns during early development. Gene 2014; 546:80-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Lee JH, Pooley NJ, Mohd-Adnan A, Martin SAM. Cloning and characterisation of multiple ferritin isoforms in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). PLoS One 2014; 9:e103729. [PMID: 25078784 PMCID: PMC4117605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin is a highly-conserved iron-storage protein that has also been identified as an acute phase protein within the innate immune system. The iron-storage function is mediated through complementary roles played by heavy (H)-chain subunit as well as the light (L) in mammals or middle (M)-chain in teleosts, respectively. In this study, we report the identification of five ferritin subunits (H1, H2, M1, M2, M3) in the Atlantic salmon that were supported by the presence of iron-regulatory regions, gene structure, conserved domains and phylogenetic analysis. Tissue distribution analysis across eight different tissues showed that each of these isoforms is differentially expressed. We also examined the expression of the ferritin isoforms in the liver and kidney of juvenile Atlantic salmon that was challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida as well as in muscle cell culture stimulated with interleukin-1β. We found that each isoform displayed unique expression profiles, and in certain conditions the expressions between the isoforms were completely diametrical to each other. Our study is the first report of multiple ferritin isoforms from both the H- and M-chains in a vertebrate species, as well as ferritin isoforms that showed decreased expression in response to infection. Taken together, the results of our study suggest the possibility of functional differences between the H- and M-chain isoforms in terms of tissue localisation, transcriptional response to bacterial exposure and stimulation by specific immune factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hoe Lee
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Kebangsaan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nicholas J. Pooley
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Adura Mohd-Adnan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Kebangsaan, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysia Genome Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Samuel A. M. Martin
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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