1
|
Liu Y, Yuan H, Fan J, Wang H, Xie H, Wan J, Hu X, Zhou J, Liu L. The pathogenesis mechanism and potential clinical value of lncRNA in gliomas. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:266. [PMID: 38967893 PMCID: PMC11226588 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system, and its unique pathogenesis often leads to poor treatment outcomes and prognosis. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) divided gliomas into five categories based on their histological characteristics and molecular changes. Non-coding RNA is a type of RNA that does not encode proteins but can exert biological functions at the RNA level, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA with a length exceeding 200 nt. It is controlled by various transcription factors and plays an indispensable role in the regulatory processes in various cells. Numerous studies have confirmed that the dysregulation of lncRNA is critical in the pathogenesis, progression, and malignancy of gliomas. Therefore, this article reviews the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, immune regulation, glycolysis, stemness, and drug resistance changes caused by the dysregulation of lncRNA in gliomas, and summarizes their potential clinical significance in gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - JingJia Fan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - HuiYu Xie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - JunFeng Wan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - XueYing Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Dept Neurosurg, Affiliated Hosp, Southwest Med Univ, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Dept Neurosurg, Affiliated Hosp, Southwest Med Univ, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hart WS, Myers PJ, Purow BW, Lazzara MJ. Divergent transcriptomic signatures from putative mesenchymal stimuli in glioblastoma cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:851-860. [PMID: 38337036 PMCID: PMC11192628 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In glioblastoma, a mesenchymal phenotype is associated with especially poor patient outcomes. Various glioblastoma microenvironmental factors and therapeutic interventions are purported drivers of the mesenchymal transition, but the degree to which these cues promote the same mesenchymal transitions and the uniformity of those transitions, as defined by molecular subtyping systems, is unknown. Here, we investigate this question by analyzing publicly available patient data, surveying commonly measured transcripts for mesenchymal transitions in glioma-initiating cells (GIC), and performing next-generation RNA sequencing of GICs. Analysis of patient tumor data reveals that TGFβ, TNFα, and hypoxia signaling correlate with the mesenchymal subtype more than the proneural subtype. In cultured GICs, the microenvironment-relevant growth factors TGFβ and TNFα and the chemotherapeutic temozolomide promote expression of commonly measured mesenchymal transcripts. However, next-generation RNA sequencing reveals that growth factors and temozolomide broadly promote expression of both mesenchymal and proneural transcripts, in some cases with equal frequency. These results suggest that glioblastoma mesenchymal transitions do not occur as distinctly as in epithelial-derived cancers, at least as determined using common subtyping ontologies and measuring response to growth factors or chemotherapeutics. Further understanding of these issues may identify improved methods for pharmacologically targeting the mesenchymal phenotype in glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William S Hart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Paul J Myers
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Benjamin W Purow
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Matthew J Lazzara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong M, Zhang X, Peng P, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Wan L, Xiang W, Liu G, Guo Y, Xiao Q, Wang B, Guo D, Zhu M, Yu X, Wan F. Hypoxia-induced TREM1 promotes mesenchymal-like states of glioma stem cells via alternatively activating tumor-associated macrophages. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216801. [PMID: 38479552 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma (GBM) cells characterized by aggressive invasion and therapeutic resistance is thought to be dependent on cell-intrinsic alteration and extrinsic cellular crosstalk. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are pivotal in tumor progression, chemo-resistance, angiogenesis, and stemness maintenance. However, the impact of TAMs on the shifts in glioma stem cells (GSCs) states remains largely uncovered. Herein, we showed that the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM1) preferentially expressed by M2-like TAMs and induced GSCs into mesenchymal-like states by modulating the secretion of TGFβ2, which activated the TGFβR/SMAD2/3 signaling in GSCs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TREM1 was transcriptionally regulated by HIF1a under the hypoxic environment and thus promoted an immunosuppressive type of TAMs via activating the TLR2/AKT/mTOR/c-MYC axis. Collectively, this study reveals that cellular communication between TAMs and GSCs through the TREM1-mediated TGFβ2/TGFβR axis is involved in the mesenchymal-like transitions of GSCs. Our study provides valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms between the tumor immune microenvironment and the malignant characteristics of GBM, which can lead to potential novel strategies targeting TAMs for tumor control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhai Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Zirong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lijun Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guohao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qungen Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dongsheng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xingjiang Yu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peñate L, Carrillo-Beltrán D, Spichiger C, Cuevas-Zhbankova A, Torres-Arévalo Á, Silva P, Richter HG, Ayuso-Sacido Á, San Martín R, Quezada-Monrás C. The Impact of A3AR Antagonism on the Differential Expression of Chemoresistance-Related Genes in Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:579. [PMID: 38794149 PMCID: PMC11124321 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and common primary malignant tumor of the brain and central nervous system. Without treatment, the average patient survival time is about six months, which can be extended to fifteen months with multimodal therapies. The chemoresistance observed in GB is, in part, attributed to the presence of a subpopulation of glioblastoma-like stem cells (GSCs) that are characterized by heightened tumorigenic capacity and chemoresistance. GSCs are situated in hypoxic tumor niches, where they sustain and promote the stem-like phenotype and have also been correlated with high chemoresistance. GSCs have the particularity of generating high levels of extracellular adenosine (ADO), which causes the activation of the A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) with a consequent increase in the expression and activity of genes related to chemoresistance. Therefore, targeting its components is a promising alternative for treating GB. This analysis determined genes that were up- and downregulated due to A3AR blockades under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In addition, possible candidates associated with chemoresistance that were positively regulated by hypoxia and negatively regulated by A3AR blockades in the same condition were analyzed. We detected three potential candidate genes that were regulated by the A3AR antagonist MRS1220 under hypoxic conditions: LIMD1, TRIB2, and TGFB1. Finally, the selected markers were correlated with hypoxia-inducible genes and with the expression of adenosine-producing ectonucleotidases. In conclusion, we detected that hypoxic conditions generate extensive differential gene expression in GSCs, increasing the expression of genes associated with chemoresistance. Furthermore, we observed that MRS1220 could regulate the expression of LIMD1, TRIB2, and TGFB1, which are involved in chemoresistance and correlate with a poor prognosis, hypoxia, and purinergic signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuba Peñate
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Diego Carrillo-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Carlos Spichiger
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Alexei Cuevas-Zhbankova
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Ángelo Torres-Arévalo
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Y Recursos Naturales, Sede Talca, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 347-3620, Chile
| | - Pamela Silva
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Hans G Richter
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Ángel Ayuso-Sacido
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Brain Tumour Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rody San Martín
- Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Claudia Quezada-Monrás
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao M, Dong Q, Yang Z, Zou D, Han Y, Chen Z, Xu R. Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells in a mouse model of closed head injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:872-880. [PMID: 37843223 PMCID: PMC10664125 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as a potential treatment for neural regeneration following closed head injury. We previously reported that induced neural stem cells exert beneficial effects on neural regeneration via cell replacement. However, the neural regeneration efficiency of induced neural stem cells remains limited. In this study, we explored differentially expressed genes and long non-coding RNAs to clarify the mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells. We found that H19 was the most downregulated neurogenesis-associated lncRNA in induced neural stem cells compared with induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that H19 levels in induced neural stem cells were markedly lower than those in induced pluripotent stem cells and were substantially higher than those in induced neural stem cell-derived neurons. We predicted the target genes of H19 and discovered that H19 directly interacts with miR-325-3p, which directly interacts with Ctbp2 in induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells. Silencing H19 or Ctbp2 impaired induced neural stem cell proliferation, and miR-325-3p suppression restored the effect of H19 inhibition but not the effect of Ctbp2 inhibition. Furthermore, H19 silencing substantially promoted the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells and did not induce apoptosis of induced neural stem cells. Notably, silencing H19 in induced neural stem cell grafts markedly accelerated the neurological recovery of closed head injury mice. Our results reveal that H19 regulates the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells. H19 inhibition may promote the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells, which is closely associated with neurological recovery following closed head injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mou Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Zhongsai Stem Cell Genetic Engineering Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan Province, China
| | - Qin Dong
- Department of Neurology, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Zhongsai Stem Cell Genetic Engineering Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan Province, China
| | - Dan Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yajuan Han
- Zhongsai Stem Cell Genetic Engineering Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhanfeng Chen
- Zhongsai Stem Cell Genetic Engineering Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruxiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodrigues-Junior DM, Moustakas A. Unboxing the network among long non-coding RNAs and TGF-β signaling in cancer. Ups J Med Sci 2024; 129:10614. [PMID: 38571882 PMCID: PMC10989219 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v129.10614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Deeper analysis of molecular mechanisms arising in tumor cells is an unmet need to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat tumors. The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling has been steadily featured in tumor biology and linked to poor prognosis of cancer patients. One pro-tumorigenic mechanism induced by TGF-β is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which can initiate cancer dissemination, enrich the tumor stem cell population, and increase chemoresistance. TGF-β signals via SMAD proteins, ubiquitin ligases, and protein kinases and modulates the expression of protein-coding and non-coding RNA genes, including those encoding larger than 500 nt transcripts, defined as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Several reports have shown lncRNAs regulating malignant phenotypes by directly affecting epigenetic processes, transcription, and post-transcriptional regulation. Thus, this review aims to update and summarize the impact of TGF-β signaling on the expression of lncRNAs and the function of such lncRNAs as regulators of TGF-β signaling, and how these networks might impact specific hallmarks of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jegathesan Y, Stephen PP, Sati ISEE, Narayanan P, Monif M, Kamarudin MNA. MicroRNAs in adult high-grade gliomas: Mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance and their clinical relevance. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116277. [PMID: 38377734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Notorious for its high mortality rate, the current standard treatment for high-grade gliomas remains a challenge. This is largely due to the complex heterogeneity of the tumour coupled with dysregulated molecular mechanisms leading to the development of drug resistance. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered to provide important information about the pathogenesis and prognostication of gliomas. miRNAs have been shown to play a specific role in promoting oncogenesis and regulating resistance to anti-glioma therapeutic agents through diverse cellular mechanisms. These include regulation of apoptosis, alterations in drug efflux pathways, enhanced activation of oncogenic signalling pathways, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-like process (EMT-like) and a few others. With this knowledge, upregulation or inhibition of selected miRNAs can be used to directly affect drug resistance in glioma cells. Moreover, the clinical use of miRNAs in glioma management is becoming increasingly valuable. This comprehensive review delves into the role of miRNAs in drug resistance in high-grade gliomas and underscores their clinical significance. Our analysis has identified a distinct cluster of oncogenic miRNAs (miR-9, miR-21, miR-26a, miR-125b, and miR-221/222) and tumour suppressive miRNAs (miR-29, miR-23, miR-34a-5p, miR 181b-5p, miR-16-5p, and miR-20a) that consistently emerge as key players in regulating drug resistance across various studies. These miRNAs have demonstrated significant clinical relevance in the context of resistance to anti-glioma therapies. Additionally, the clinical significance of miRNA analysis is emphasised, including their potential to serve as clinical biomarkers for diagnosing, staging, evaluating prognosis, and assessing treatment response in gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yugendran Jegathesan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Taiping Hospital, Jalan Taming Sari, Perak, Taiping 34000, Malaysia
| | - Pashaun Paveen Stephen
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Isra Saif Eldin Eisa Sati
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Prakrithi Narayanan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mastura Monif
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Muhamad Noor Alfarizal Kamarudin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramzy A, Soliman AH, Hassanein SI, Sebak AA. Multitarget, multiagent PLGA nanoparticles for simultaneous tumor eradication and TME remodeling in a melanoma mouse model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:491-509. [PMID: 37612575 PMCID: PMC10761550 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that chemoimmunotherapy has emerged as a key component in the era of cancer immunotherapy, it is challenged by the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that is jam-packed with cellular and non-cellular immunosuppressive components. The aim of this study was to design a nanoparticulate system capable of sufficiently accumulating in the tumor and spleen to mediate local and systemic immune responses, respectively. The study also aimed to remodel the immunosuppressive TME. For such reasons, multi-functional polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were engineered to simultaneously eradicate the cancer cells, silence the tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs), and re-educate the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) using doxorubicin, losartan, and metformin, respectively. These agents were also selected for their ability to tip the balance of the splenic immune cells towards immunostimulatory phenotypes. To establish TAM and TAF cultures, normal macrophages and fibroblasts were incubated with B16F10 melanoma cell (Mel)-derived secretome. Drug-loaded PLGA NPs were prepared, characterized, and tested in the target cell types. Organ distribution of fluorescein-loaded PLGA NPs was evaluated in a mouse model of melanoma. Finally, the local and systemic effects of different combination therapy programs were portrayed. The in vitro studies showed that the drug-loaded PLGA NPs could significantly ablate the immunosuppressive nature of Mel and skew TAMs and TAFs towards more favorable phenotypes. While in vivo, PLGA NPs were proven to exhibit long blood circulation time and to localize preferentially in the tumor and the spleen. The combination of either metformin or losartan with doxorubicin was superior to the monotherapy, both locally and systemically. However, the three-agent combo produced detrimental effects in the form of compromised well-being, immune depletion, and metastasis. These findings indicate the potential of TME remodeling as means to prime the tumors for successful chemoimmunotherapy. In addition, they shed light on the importance of the careful use of combination therapies and the necessity of employing dose-reduction strategies. D-NPs doxorubicin-loaded NPs, M-NPs metformin-loaded NPs, L-NPs losartan-loaded NPs, TAMs tumor-associated macrophages, TAFs tumor-associated fibroblasts, PD-L1 programmed death ligand 1, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, TGF-β transforming growth factor beta, CD206/40/86 cluster of differentiation 206/40/86, α-SMA alpha-smooth muscle actin, MMPs matrix metalloproteases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Ramzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11511, Egypt
| | - Aya H Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11511, Egypt
| | - Sally I Hassanein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11511, Egypt
| | - Aya A Sebak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Golán-Cancela I, Caja L. The TGF-β Family in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1067. [PMID: 38256140 PMCID: PMC10816220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family have been implicated in the biology of several cancers. In this review, we focus on the role of TGFβ and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in glioblastoma. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults; it presents at a median age of 64 years, but can occur at any age, including childhood. Unfortunately, there is no cure, and even patients undergoing current treatments (surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) have a median survival of 15 months. There is a great need to identify new therapeutic targets to improve the treatment of GBM patients. TGF-βs signaling promotes tumorigenesis in glioblastoma, while BMPs suppress tumorigenic potential by inducing tumor cell differentiation. In this review, we discuss the actions of TGF-βs and BMPs on cancer cells as well as in the tumor microenvironment, and their use in potential therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laia Caja
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Q, Zheng C, Hou H, Bao X, Tai H, Huang X, Li Z, Li Z, Wang Q, Pan Q, Wang L, Zhou S, Bian Y, Pan Q, Gong A, Xu M. Interplay of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Predicting Prognosis of GBM Patients: Towards Precision Immunotherapy. J Cancer 2024; 15:275-292. [PMID: 38164288 PMCID: PMC10751665 DOI: 10.7150/jca.89338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In spite of numerous existing bio-surveillance systems for predicting glioma (GBM) prognosis, enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy remains an ongoing conundrum. The continual scrutiny of the dynamic interplay between the sphingolipid metabolic pathway and tumor immunophenotypes has unveiled potential implications. However, the intricate orchestration of functional and regulatory mechanisms by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in GBM, particularly in the context of sphingolipid metabolism, remains cryptic. Methods: We harnessed established R packages to intersect gene expression profiles of GBM patients within the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database with the compilation of sphingolipid metabolism genes from GeneCards. This enabled us to discern markedly distinct lncRNAs, which were subsequently deployed to construct a robust prognostic model utilizing Lasso-Cox regression analysis. We then scrutinized the immune microenvironment across various risk strata using the ssGSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms. To evaluate mutation patterns and drug resistance profiles within patient subgroups, we devised the "Prophytic" and "Maftools" packages, respectively. Results: Our investigation scrutinized lncRNAs linked to sphingolipid metabolism, utilizing glioma specimens from TCGA. We meticulously curated 1224 sphingolipid-associated genes gleaned from GeneCards and pinpointed 272 differentially expressed mRNAs via transcriptomic analysis. Enrichment analyses underscored their significance in sphingolipid processes. A prognostic model founded on 17 meticulously selected lncRNAs was systematically constructed and validated. This model adeptly stratified GBM patients into high- and low-risk categories, yielding highly precise prognostic insights. We also discerned correlations between immune cell infiltration and genetic mutation discrepancies, along with distinct therapeutic responses through drug sensitivity analysis. Notably, computational findings were corroborated through experimental validation by RT-PCR. Conclusion: In summation, our exhaustive inquiry underscores the multifaceted utility of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway as an autonomous diagnostic and prognostic indicator for glioma patients. Furthermore, we amalgamate a profusion of substantiated evidence concerning immune infiltration and gene mutations, thereby reinforcing the proposition that sphingolipid metabolism may function as a pivotal determinant in the panorama of immunotherapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chuanhua Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Hanjin Hou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xin Bao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huading Tai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xufeng Huang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zhengrui Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangzuo Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiaowei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qi Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Longbin Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shujing Zhou
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yanjie Bian
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qier Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Aihua Gong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kang H, Luo J, Wang C, Hong Y, Ye M, Ding Y, Zhao Q, Chang Y. miR-192 inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells by targeting Rictor. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230879. [PMID: 38152335 PMCID: PMC10751890 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is regarded as the primary driving factor of liver fibrosis. miR-192, a miRNA associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and enriched in HSCs, has an undisclosed role in HSC activation and liver fibrosis. In this study, a CCl4-induced rat liver fibrosis model and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-treated HSC lines (LX-2 and HSC-T6) were used to detect miR-192 and Rictor levels in vivo and in vitro. Bioinformatic analysis and a dual luciferase assay were used to predict and confirm the interaction of Rictor with miR-192. Gain- and/or loss-of-function methods evaluated molecular changes and HSC activation phenotypes, detected by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. We observed a gradual downregulation of miR-192 and upregulation of Rictor during CCl4-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in rats. Enriched miR-192 was downregulated, while Rictor was upregulated in TGF-β1-activated HSCs. miR-192 inhibited the activation of HSCs by directly targeting Rictor. High miR-192/low Rictor expression attenuated the fibrotic-related gene expression by AKT/mTORC2 signaling. In conclusion, miR-192 could inhibit the activation of HSCs by directly targeting Rictor in the AKT/mTORC2 signaling pathway. This study provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Yinghui Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cao J, Zhang Z, Zhou L, Luo M, Li L, Li B, Nice EC, He W, Zheng S, Huang C. Oncofetal reprogramming in tumor development and progression: novel insights into cancer therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e427. [PMID: 38045829 PMCID: PMC10693315 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that cancer cells can mimic characteristics of embryonic development, promoting their development and progression. Cancer cells share features with embryonic development, characterized by robust proliferation and differentiation regulated by signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, hedgehog, and Hippo signaling. In certain phase, these cells also mimic embryonic diapause and fertilized egg implantation to evade treatments or immune elimination and promote metastasis. Additionally, the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer-resistant protein (BCRP), in drug-resistant cancer cells, analogous to their role in placental development, may facilitate chemotherapy efflux, further resulting in treatment resistance. In this review, we concentrate on the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tumor development and progression from the perspective of embryonic development, encompassing the dysregulation of developmental signaling pathways, the emergence of dormant cancer cells, immune microenvironment remodeling, and the hyperactivation of ABC transporters. Furthermore, we synthesize and emphasize the connections between cancer hallmarks and embryonic development, offering novel insights for the development of innovative cancer treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjun Cao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseasethe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Second Affiliated HospitalInstitute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Maochao Luo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of anorectal surgeryHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurn and Combined InjuryInstitute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Cancer Medical Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, the Hainan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major DiseasesHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of EducationHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nayak R, Mallick B. LncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network analysis uncovered key lncRNAs involved in temozolomide resistance and tumor recurrence of glioblastoma. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e3060. [PMID: 37720935 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is a common alkylating chemotherapeutic agent used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma. GBM patients develop resistance to this drug, which has an unclear and complicated molecular mechanism. The competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and tumor recurrence in cancers. This study aims to predict ceRNAs, their possible involvement, and underlying molecular mechanisms in TMZ resistance. Therefore, we analyzed coding and non-coding RNA expression levels in TMZ-resistant GBM samples compared to sensitive GBM samples and performed pathway analysis of mRNAs differentially expressed (DE) in TMZ-resistant samples. We next applied a mathematical model on 950 DE long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 116 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 7977 mRNAs and obtained 10 lncRNA-associated ceRNAs that may be regulating potential target genes involved in cancer-related pathways by sponging 25 miRNAs in TMZ-resistant GBM. Among these, two lncRNAs named ARFRP1 and RUSC2 regulate five target genes (IRS1, FOXG1, GNG2, RUNX2, and CACNA1E) involved in AMPK, AKT, mTOR, and TGF-β signaling pathways that activate or inhibit autophagy causing TMZ resistance. The novel lncRNA-associated ceRNA network predicted in GBM offers a fresh viewpoint on TMZ resistance, which might contribute to treating this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rojalin Nayak
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Bibekanand Mallick
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Ren P, Cao Y, Wang T, Huang G, Li Y, Zhou S, Yang W, Yang L, Liu G, Xiang Y, Pei Y, Chen Q, Chen J, Lv S. HOXD-AS2-STAT3 feedback loop attenuates sensitivity to temozolomide in glioblastoma. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3430-3445. [PMID: 37308741 PMCID: PMC10580348 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest glioma and its resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) remains intractable. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in that and this study aimed to investigate underlying mechanism of HOXD-AS2-affected temozolomide sensitivity in glioblastoma. METHODS We analyzed and validated the aberrant HOXD-AS2 expression in glioma specimens. Then we explored the function of HOXD-AS2 in vivo and in vitro and a clinical case was also reviewed to examine our findings. We further performed mechanistic experiments to investigate the mechanism of HOXD-AS2 in regulating TMZ sensitivity. RESULTS Elevated HOXD-AS2 expression promoted progression and negatively correlated with prognosis of glioma; HOXD-AS2 attenuated temozolomide sensitivity in vitro and in vivo; The clinical case also showed that lower HOXD-AS2 sensitized glioblastoma to temozolomide; STAT3-induced HOXD-AS2 could interact with IGF2BP2 protein to form a complex and sequentially upregulate STAT3 signaling, thus forming a positive feedback loop regulating TMZ sensitivity in glioblastoma. CONCLUSION Our study elucidated the crucial role of the HOXD-AS2-STAT3 positive feedback loop in regulating TMZ sensitivity, suggesting that this could be provided as a potential therapeutic candidate of glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo‐Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Peng Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yong‐Yong Cao
- School of MedicineChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ting‐Ting Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Guo‐Hao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shuo Zhou
- School of MedicineChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Guo‐Long Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yan Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yu‐Chun Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Qiu‐Zi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Ju‐Xiang Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryChanghai Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Sheng‐Qing Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sharma S, Chepurna O, Sun T. Drug resistance in glioblastoma: from chemo- to immunotherapy. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:688-708. [PMID: 38239396 PMCID: PMC10792484 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
As the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults, glioblastoma is estimated to end over 10,000 lives each year in the United States alone. Stand treatment for glioblastoma, including surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy (i.e., Temozolomide), has been largely unchanged since early 2000. Cancer immunotherapy has significantly shifted the paradigm of cancer management in the past decade with various degrees of success in treating many hematopoietic cancers and some solid tumors, such as melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little progress has been made in the field of neuro-oncology, especially in the application of immunotherapy to glioblastoma treatment. In this review, we attempted to summarize the common drug resistance mechanisms in glioblastoma from Temozolomide to immunotherapy. Our intent is not to repeat the well-known difficulty in the area of neuro-oncology, such as the blood-brain barrier, but to provide some fresh insights into the molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance by summarizing some of the most recent literature. Through this review, we also hope to share some new ideas for improving the immunotherapy outcome of glioblastoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Han X, Abdallah MOE, Breuer P, Stahl F, Bakhit Y, Potthoff AL, Pregler BEF, Schneider M, Waha A, Wüllner U, Evert BO. Downregulation of MGMT expression by targeted editing of DNA methylation enhances temozolomide sensitivity in glioblastoma. Neoplasia 2023; 44:100929. [PMID: 37634280 PMCID: PMC10475512 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system with poor outcome. Current gold standard treatment is surgical resection followed by a combination of radio- and chemotherapy. Efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ), the primary chemotherapeutic agent, depends on the DNA methylation status of the O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which has been identified as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma patients. Clinical studies revealed that glioblastoma patients with hypermethylated MGMT promoter have a better response to TMZ treatment and a significantly improved overall survival. In this study, we thus used the CRISPRoff genome editing tool to mediate targeted DNA methylation within the MGMT promoter region. The system carrying a CRISPR-deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) fused with a methyltransferase (Dnmt3A/3L) domain downregulated MGMT expression in TMZ-resistant human glioblastoma cell lines through targeted DNA methylation. The reduction of MGMT expression levels reversed TMZ resistance in TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cell lines resulting in TMZ induced dose-dependent cell death rates. In conclusion, we demonstrate targeted RNA-guided methylation of the MGMT promoter as a promising tool to overcome chemoresistance and improve the cytotoxic effect of TMZ in glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Han
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohammed O E Abdallah
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Peter Breuer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Stahl
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yousuf Bakhit
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | | | - Andreas Waha
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ullrich Wüllner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Bernd O Evert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shree B, Sharma V. Role of Non-Coding RNAs in TGF-β Signalling in Glioma. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1376. [PMID: 37891744 PMCID: PMC10605910 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumours and Gliomas, in particular, are among the primary causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Glioma diagnosis and therapy have not significantly improved despite decades of efforts. Autocrine TGF-β signalling promotes glioma proliferation, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance. Non-coding RNAs such as miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNAs have emerged as critical transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of TGF-β pathway components in glioma. Here, we summarize the complex regulatory network among regulatory ncRNAs and TGF-β pathway during Glioma pathogenesis and discuss their role as potential therapeutic targets for Gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078, India;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao Q, Lv X, Dong Y, Hong H, Zheng Y, Yang L, Gong J. IMB5036 overcomes resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs in human cancer cells through pyroptosis by targeting the KH-type splicing regulatory protein. Life Sci 2023; 328:121941. [PMID: 37451400 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS IMB5036 is a pyridazinone compound with antiproliferative and antitumour activity against hepatoma and pancreatic cancer. In this study, we attempted to identify the target protein of IMB5036 and test its potential for overcoming multidrug resistance and inducing pyroptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the effects of IMB5036 on cancer cells by in vitro assays, a molecular docking model and in vivo tumour models. We performed pull-down experiments using biotinylated IMB5036 and identified the binding proteins. Gene knockdown were used to investigate the oncogenic role of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP). Western blot was used to detect for mechanism-associated molecules. KEY FINDINGS IMB5036 could overcome resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs at the cellular level and in vivo. Furthermore, IMB5036 was not a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and downregulated the expression of P-gp. We identified KSRP as a binding protein of IMB5036. The knockdown of KSRP inhibited the proliferation of MCF7 and MCF7/adriamycin (MCF7/ADR) cells. In addition, IMB5036 induced pyroptosis in both MCF7 and MCF7/ADR cells via KSRP. SIGNIFICANCE We found IMB5036 binds to KSRP and overcomes multidrug resistance via gasdermin E (GSDME)-dependent pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanqun Dong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyu Hong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanbo Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jianhua Gong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen Z, Tian D, Chen X, Cheng M, Xie H, Zhao J, Liu J, Fang Z, Zhao B, Bian E. Super-enhancer-driven lncRNA LIMD1-AS1 activated by CDK7 promotes glioma progression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:383. [PMID: 37385987 PMCID: PMC10310775 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are tissue-specific expression patterns and dysregulated in cancer. How they are regulated still needs to be determined. We aimed to investigate the functions of glioma-specific lncRNA LIMD1-AS1 activated by super-enhancer (SE) and identify the potential mechanisms. In this paper, we identified a SE-driven lncRNA, LIMD1-AS1, which is expressed at significantly higher levels in glioma than in normal brain tissue. High LIMD1-AS1 levels were significantly associated with a shorter survival time of glioma patients. LIMD1-AS1 overexpression significantly enhanced glioma cells proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, whereas LIMD1-AS1 knockdown inhibited their proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, and the xenograft tumor growth of glioma cells in vivo. Mechanically, inhibition of CDK7 significantly attenuates MED1 recruitment to the super-enhancer of LIMD1-AS1 and then decreases the expression of LIMD1-AS1. Most importantly, LIMD1-AS1 could directly bind to HSPA5, leading to the activation of interferon signaling. Our findings support the idea that CDK7 mediated-epigenetically activation of LIMD1-AS1 plays a crucial role in glioma progression and provides a promising therapeutic approach for patients with glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Dasheng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Xueran Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - JiaJia Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Zhiyou Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang T, Huang X, Liu J, Liu W, Yang Z, He K, Chen J, Zhao L. Prolonged exposure to the herbicide atrazine promotes kidney fibrosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1143-1152. [PMID: 36773304 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to atrazine (ATR), a widely-used herbicide, is a potential harmful to human health due to its long-term environmental persistence and bioaccumulation. The effects of chronic exposure to ATR on renal function in rats were evaluated in this research. Female Sprague-Dawley rats at 4 weeks of age were treated with different concentrations of ATR for 6 months. No significant differences in terms of renal functions were observed after ATR treatment. In histopathological examination of the kidney, Hematoxylin-Eosin staining indicated the development of degenerative changes in a dose-dependent manner. The results revealed that ATR exposure leads to renal fibrosis and that activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a potential role in ATR-related renal fibrosis. Levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and TGF-β1 levels and the reactive oxygen species were significantly upregulated after ATR treatment. In conclusion, long-term exposure to ATR could cause kidney fibrosis, which is the result of epithelial-mesenchymal transition caused by inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuemiao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Environmental Assessment Center, Jilin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoyun Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kang He
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bertoldo JB, Müller S, Hüttelmaier S. RNA-binding proteins in cancer drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103580. [PMID: 37031812 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are crucial players in tumorigenesis and, hence, promising targets in cancer drug discovery. However, they are largely regarded as 'undruggable', because of the often noncatalytic and complex interactions between protein and RNA, which limit the discovery of specific inhibitors. Nonetheless, over the past 10 years, drug discovery efforts have uncovered RBP inhibitors with clinical relevance, highlighting the disruption of RNA-protein networks as a promising avenue for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the role of structurally distinct RBPs in cancer, and the mechanisms of RBP-directed small-molecule inhibitors (SMOIs) focusing on drug-protein interactions, binding surfaces, potency, and translational potential. Additionally, we underline the limitations of RBP-targeting drug discovery assays and comment on future trends in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean B Bertoldo
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Müller
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sun Y, Liu X, Wu Z, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yan W, You Y. SRSF4 Confers Temozolomide Resistance of Glioma via Accelerating Double Strand Break Repair. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:259-268. [PMID: 37014544 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ)-based chemotherapy plays a central part in glioma treatment. However, prominent resistance to TMZ is a major change by now. In this study, expression and prognosis of SRSF4 were analyzed using multiple public datasets. Therapeutic efficacy against TMZ resistance was determined by assessing colony formation, flow cytometry, and western blot assays. Bio-informational analysis, immunofluorescence (IF), and western blot assays were performed to evaluate double strand break repair. An orthotopic xenograft model was used to exam the functional role of SRSF4. Here, we found that SRSF4 expression was associated with histological grade, IDH1 status, 1p/19q codeletion, molecular subtype, tumor recurrence, and poor prognosis. SRSF4 promotes TMZ resistance through positively regulating MDC1, thereby accelerating double strand break repair. Targeting SRSF4 could significantly improve chemosensitivity. Taken together, our collective findings highlight an important role of SRSF4 in the regulation of TMZ resistance by modulation of double strand break repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingdong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Y, Ma H. LncRNA HOXD-AS2 regulates miR-3681-5p/DCP1A axis to promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:1289-1301. [PMID: 37065560 PMCID: PMC10089871 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common malignancy in lung cancer, with a low survival rate and unfavorable prognosis. Dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital functions in tumor progression. This study intended to probe the expression pattern and function of HOXD-AS2 in NSCLC. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to analyze the expression of HOXD-AS2, miR-3681-5p, CCR1, mRNA-decapping enzyme 1A (DCP1A), and PPP3R1. Cell viability, migration, and invasion were separately examined via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and transwell experiments. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to evaluate the binding of miR-3681-5p with HOXD-AS2 or DCP1A. Protein expression of DCP1A was assessed via Western blot. NSCLC animal models were constructed through injection of H1975 cells transfected with lentivirus (LV)-sh-HOXD-AS2 into nude mice, followed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Results In this study, HOXD-AS2 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells, and high HOXD-AS2 predicted short overall survival (OS). Downregulation of HOXD-AS2 could impair the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of H1975 and A549 cells. MiR-3681-5p was shown to bind with HOXD-AS2 and be lowly expressed in NSCLC. Suppression of miR-3681-5p could abolish the inhibitory effect of HOXD-AS2 silencing on proliferation, migration, and invasion. DCP1A was screened as the target of miR-3681-5p and its overexpression could rescue miR-3681-5p upregulation-repressed proliferation, migration, and invasion activities. Moreover, animal experiments affirmed that HOXD-AS2 promoted tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions HOXD-AS2 modulates the miR-3681-5p/DCP1A axis to boost the progression of NSCLC, which founds the basis of HOXD-AS2 as a new diagnostic biomarker and molecular target for NSCLC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binhai County People’s hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jang Y, Cheong W, Park G, Kim Y, Ha J, Ahn S. Tumor Microenvironment and Genes Affecting the Prognosis of Temozolomide-Treated Glioblastoma. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020188. [PMID: 36836422 PMCID: PMC9966340 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent primary brain tumor in adults and has a poor prognosis due to its resistance to Temozolomide (TMZ). However, there is limited research regarding the tumor microenvironment and genes related to the prognosis of TMZ-treated GBM patients. This study aimed to identify putative transcriptomic biomarkers with predictive value in patients with GBM who were treated with TMZ. Publicly available datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus were analyzed using CIBERSORTx and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to obtain types of highly expressed cell types and gene clusters. Differentially Expressed Genes analysis was performed and was intersected with the WGCNA results to obtain a candidate gene list. Cox proportional-hazard survival analysis was performed to acquire genes related to the prognosis of TMZ-treated GBM patients. Inflammatory microglial cells, dendritic cells, myeloid cells, and glioma stem cells were highly expressed in GBM tissue, and ACP7, EPPK1, PCDHA8, RHOD, DRC1, ZIC3, and PRLR were significantly associated with survival. While the listed genes have been previously reported to be related to glioblastoma or other types of cancer, ACP7 was identified as a novel gene related to the prognosis of GBM. These findings may have potential implications for developing a diagnostic tool to predict GBM resistance and optimize treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yena Jang
- Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyong Cheong
- Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyurin Park
- Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmin Kim
- Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Ha
- Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangzin Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li S, Wang C, Chen J, Lan Y, Zhang W, Kang Z, Zheng Y, Zhang R, Yu J, Li W. Signaling pathways in brain tumors and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:8. [PMID: 36596785 PMCID: PMC9810702 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors, although rare, contribute to distinct mortality and morbidity at all ages. Although there are few therapeutic options for brain tumors, enhanced biological understanding and unexampled innovations in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have considerably improved patients' prognoses. Nonetheless, the reduced response rates and unavoidable drug resistance of currently available treatment approaches have become a barrier to further improvement in brain tumor (glioma, meningioma, CNS germ cell tumors, and CNS lymphoma) treatment. Previous literature data revealed that several different signaling pathways are dysregulated in brain tumor. Importantly, a better understanding of targeting signaling pathways that influences malignant behavior of brain tumor cells might open the way for the development of novel targeted therapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of these brain tumors, which might result in greater progress in therapeutic approaches. This paper began with a brief description of the epidemiology, incidence, risk factors, as well as survival of brain tumors. Next, the major signaling pathways underlying these brain tumors' pathogenesis and current progress in therapies, including clinical trials, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and system therapies, have been systemically reviewed and discussed. Finally, future perspective and challenges of development of novel therapeutic strategies in brain tumor were emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Li
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Can Wang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyi Chen
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Lan
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weichunbai Zhang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Kang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Yu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shree B, Sengar S, Tripathi S, Sharma V. LINC01711 promotes transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) induced invasion in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-34a and promoting ZEB1 expression. Neurosci Lett 2023; 792:136937. [PMID: 36341927 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
GBM is the central nervous system's most aggressive and malignant tumor. TGF-β expression is elevated in GBM, and it promotes invasion and EMT. TGF-β regulates the expression of several lncRNAs, which promote glioma pathogenesis. Here we characterize the role of TGF-β-induced lncRNA- LINC01711 in glioma pathogenesis. We show that LINC01711 expression is significantly upregulated in GBM tissues and is associated with poor overall survival of GBM patients. Loss-of-function studies illustrate that LINC01711 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion in GBM. In addition, LINC01711 depletion sensitizes glioma cells to Temozolomide (TMZ) induced apoptosis by inhibiting ZEB1 expression. LINC01711 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-34a and promotes ZEB1 expression to regulate invasion. Our findings suggest that LINC01711 is an attractive therapeutic target for GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakhya Shree
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, Telangana, India
| | - Suryansh Sengar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, Telangana, India
| | - Shraddha Tripathi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, Telangana, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xu X, Liang Y, Gareev I, Liang Y, Liu R, Wang N, Yang G. LncRNA as potential biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:841-851. [PMID: 36331751 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most frequent type of malignant tumor in the central nervous system, accounting for about 80% of primary malignant brain tumors, usually with a poor prognosis. A number of studies have been conducted on the molecular abnormalities in glioma to further understand its pathogenesis, and it has been found that lncRNAs (long non-coding RNA) play a key role in angiogenesis, tumor growth, infiltration and metastasis of glioma. Since specific lncRNAs have an aberrant expression in brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid as well as peripheral circulation of glioma patients, they are considered to be potential biomarkers. This review focuses on the biological characteristics of lncRNA and its value as a biomarker for glioma diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, in view of the role of lncRNAs in glioma proliferation and chemoradiotherapy resistance, we discussed the feasibility for lncRNAs as therapeutic targets. Finally, the persisting deficiencies and future prospects of using lncRNAs as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets were concluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia, 450008
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
TGF-β1 contributes to the hepatic inflammation in animal models with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by Smad3/TLR2 signaling pathway. Mol Immunol 2022; 152:129-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
29
|
Gan T, Wang Y, Xie M, Wang Q, Zhao S, Wang P, Shi Q, Qian X, Miao F, Shen Z, Nie E. MEX3A Impairs DNA Mismatch Repair Signaling and Mediates Acquired Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4234-4246. [PMID: 36112059 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MutS protein homolog 2 (MSH2) is a key element involved in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, which is responsible for recognizing and repairing mispaired bases. Simultaneously, MSH2 identifies DNA adducts induced by temozolomide (TMZ) and triggers apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells. Previous work has revealed that reduced MSH2 expression is often observed in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) who relapse after chemotherapy. Elucidation of the mechanism behind TMZ-mediated reduction of MSH2 could help improve GBM treatment. Here, we report significant upregulation of Mex-3 RNA binding family member A (MEX3A) in GBM tissues and cell lines following TMZ treatment. MEX3A bound to the MEX3 recognition element (MRE) of MSH2 mRNA, which in turn recruited CCR4-NOT complexes to target MSH2 mRNA for deadenylation and degradation. In addition, ectopic expression of MEX3A significantly decreased cellular DNA MMR activities and reduced the chemosensitivity of GBM cells via downregulation of MSH2, while depletion of MEX3A sensitized GBM cells to TMZ. In MGMT-deficient patients with GBM, MEX3A expression correlated with MSH2 levels, and high MEX3A expression was associated with poor prognosis. Overall, these findings reveal a potential mechanism by which MSH2 expression is reduced in post-TMZ recurrent GBM. SIGNIFICANCE A MEX3A/CCR4-NOT/MSH2 axis plays a crucial role in promoting temozolomide resistance, providing new insights into the function of MEX3A and suggesting MEX3A as a potential therapeutic target in therapy-resistant glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Gan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Manyi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Saisai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Qinyu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xuanchen Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Faan Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Er Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yan Y, Wei W, Long S, Ye S, Yang B, Jiang J, Li X, Chen J. The role of RNA modification in the generation of acquired drug resistance in glioma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1032286. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1032286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system. The clinical treatment strategy is mainly surgery combined with concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy, but patients can develop drug resistance during treatment, which severely limits its therapeutic efficacy. Epigenetic regulation at the RNA level is plastic and adaptable, and it can induce a variety of tumor responses to drugs. The regulators of RNA modification include methyltransferases, demethylases, and methylation binding proteins; these are also considered to play an important role in the development, prognosis, and therapeutic response of gliomas, which provides a basis for finding new targets of epigenetic drugs and resetting the sensitivity of tumor cells to temozolomide. This review discusses the relationship between the development of adaptive drug resistance and RNA modification in glioma and summarizes the progress of several major RNA modification strategies in this field, especially RNA m6A modification, m5C modification, and adenosine-to-inosine editing.
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang L, Qiao C, Cao L, Cai S, Ma X, Song X, Jiang Q, Huang C, Wang J. Significance of HOXD transcription factors family in progression, migration and angiogenesis of cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 179:103809. [PMID: 36108961 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors (TFs) of the HOX family play significant roles during early embryonic development and cellular processes. They also play a key role in tumorigenesis as tumor oncogenes or suppressors. Furthermore, TFs of the HOXD geFIne cluster affect proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumors. Consequently, dysregulated activity of HOXD TFs has been linked to clinicopathological characteristics of cancer. HOXD TFs are regulated by non-coding RNAs and methylation of DNA on promoter and enhancer regions. In addition, HOXD genes modulate the biological function of cancer cells via the MEK and AKT signaling pathways, thus, making HOXD TFs, a suitable molecular marker for cancer prognosis and therapy. In this review, we summarized the roles of HOXD TFs in different cancers and highlighted its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chenyang Qiao
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xinqiu Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li S, Xie X, Peng F, Du J, Peng C. Regulation of temozolomide resistance via lncRNAs: Clinical and biological properties of lncRNAs in gliomas (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:101. [PMID: 35796022 PMCID: PMC9291250 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a primary types of intracranial malignancies and are characterized by a poor prognosis due to aggressive recurrence profiles. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an auxiliary alkylating agent that is extensively used in conjunction with surgical resection and forms the mainstay of clinical treatment strategies for gliomas. However, the frequent occurrence of TMZ resistance in clinical practice limits its therapeutic efficacy. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play key and varied roles in glioma progression. lncRNAs have been reported to inhibit glioma progression by targeting various signaling pathways. In addition, the differential expression of lncRNAs has also been found to mediate the resistance of glioma to several chemotherapeutic agents, particularly to TMZ. The present review article therefore summarizes the findings of previous studies in an aim to report the significance and function of lncRNAs in regulating the chemoresistance of gliomas. The present review may provide further insight into the clinical treatment of gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Fu Peng or Professor Junrong Du, Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 17 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Junrong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Fu Peng or Professor Junrong Du, Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 17 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Goenka A, Tiek DM, Song X, Iglesia RP, Lu M, Hu B, Cheng SY. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Glioma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2031. [PMID: 36009578 PMCID: PMC9405925 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, research in cancer biology has been focused on the protein-coding fraction of the human genome. However, with the discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), it has become known that these entities not only function in numerous fundamental life processes such as growth, differentiation, and development, but also play critical roles in a wide spectrum of human diseases, including cancer. Dysregulated ncRNA expression is found to affect cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance, through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, or epigenetic processes in the cell. In this review, we focus on the recent development and advances in ncRNA biology that are pertinent to their role in glioma tumorigenesis and therapy response. Gliomas are common, and are the most aggressive type of primary tumors, which account for ~30% of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Of these, glioblastoma (GBM), which are grade IV tumors, are the most lethal brain tumors. Only 5% of GBM patients survive beyond five years upon diagnosis. Hence, a deeper understanding of the cellular non-coding transcriptome might help identify biomarkers and therapeutic agents for a better treatment of glioma. Here, we delve into the functional roles of microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in glioma tumorigenesis, discuss the function of their extracellular counterparts, and highlight their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Goenka
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Deanna Marie Tiek
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiao Song
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rebeca Piatniczka Iglesia
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Minghui Lu
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Master of Biotechnology Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu X, Cao Z, Liu N, Gao G, Du M, Wang Y, Cheng B, Zhu M, Jia B, Pan L, Zhang W, Jiang Y, He W, Xu L, Zhang W, An Q, Guo Q, Gu J. Kill two birds with one stone: Engineered exosome-mediated delivery of cholesterol modified YY1-siRNA enhances chemoradiotherapy sensitivity of glioblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:975291. [PMID: 36059990 PMCID: PMC9438942 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.975291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Irradiation (IR) and temozolomide (TMZ) play an extremely important role in the treatment of GBM. However, major impediments to effective treatment are postoperative tumor recurrence and acquired resistance to chemoradiotherapy. Our previous studies confirm that Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is highly expressed in GBM, whereby it is associated with cell dedifferentiation, survival, and therapeutic resistance. Targeted delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) without blood-brain barrier (BBB) restriction for eradication of GBM represents a promising approach for therapeutic interventions. In this study, we utilize the engineering technology to generate T7 peptide-decorated exosome (T7-exo). T7 is a peptide specifically binding to the transferrin receptor. T7-exo shows excellent packaging and protection of cholesterol-modified Cy3-siYY1 while quickly releasing payloads in a cytoplasmic reductive environment. The engineered exosomes T7-siYY1-exo could deliver more effciently to GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, in vitro experiments demonstrate that T7-siYY1-exo can enhance chemoradiotherapy sensitivity and reverse therapeutic resistance. Moreover, T7-siYY1-exo and TMZ/IR exert synergistic anti-GBM effect and significantly improves the survival time of GBM bearing mice. Our findings indicate that T7-siYY1-exo may be a potential approach to reverse the chemoradiotherapy resistance in GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhengcong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guangxun Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mingrui Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yingwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Boyang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Maorong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Jia
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Luxiang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuran Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, The Forth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qunxing An
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qunxing An, ; Qingdong Guo, ; Jintao Gu,
| | - Qingdong Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qunxing An, ; Qingdong Guo, ; Jintao Gu,
| | - Jintao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qunxing An, ; Qingdong Guo, ; Jintao Gu,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang K, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang A, Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhang J. Ferroptosis in Glioma Immune Microenvironment: Opportunity and Challenge. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917634. [PMID: 35832539 PMCID: PMC9273259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor in adults and the 5-year survival rate of glioma patients is extremely poor, even in patients who received Stupp treatment after diagnosis and this forces us to explore more efficient clinical strategies. At this time, immunotherapy shows great potential in a variety of tumor clinical treatments, however, its clinical effect in glioma is limited because of tumor immune privilege which was induced by the glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment, so remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment is a practical way to eliminate glioma immunotherapy resistance. Recently, increasing studies have confirmed that ferroptosis, a new form of cell death, plays an important role in tumor progression and immune microenvironment and the crosstalk between ferroptosis and tumor immune microenvironment attracts much attention. This work summarizes the progress studies of ferroptosis in the glioma immune microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
王 瀚, 王 跃, 刘 志, 徐 建. [Targeted Drug Therapy for Intracranial Tumors]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2022; 53:564-572. [PMID: 35871724 PMCID: PMC10409465 DOI: 10.12182/20220760102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial tumors seriously affect the physical and mental health of humans. Due to variations in the nature and the growth site of tumors, individualized and specific treatment of patients with intracranial tumor has become a hotspot topic of research, and targeted drug therapy of intracranial tumors, an important subspecialty of precision medicine, has become a key issue that scientists are working hard to tackle. At present, the rapid development in molecular biology and genomics has provided corresponding targets for precision therapies of tumors. However, the blood-brain barrier and blood-tumor barrier prevent drugs from reaching intracranial targets. Therefore, finding effective ways to elevate the concentration of intracranial drugs has become the key issue concerning existing targeted therapies for intracranial tumors. Herein, we reviewed the current status of targeted drug therapy for different intracranial tumors and discussed their efficacy, intending to provide new perspectives for the treatment of intracranial tumors with targeted drugs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 瀚 王
- 四川大学华西医院 神经外科 (成都 610041)Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 宜宾市第二人民医院•四川大学华西医院宜宾医院 神经外科 (宜宾 644000)Department of Neurosurgery, the Second People's Hospital of Yibin, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - 跃龙 王
- 四川大学华西医院 神经外科 (成都 610041)Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 志勇 刘
- 四川大学华西医院 神经外科 (成都 610041)Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 建国 徐
- 四川大学华西医院 神经外科 (成都 610041)Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sadrkhanloo M, Entezari M, Orouei S, Ghollasi M, Fathi N, Rezaei S, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Saebfar H, Hashemi M, Goharrizi MASB, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Samarghandian S. STAT3-EMT axis in tumors: modulation of cancer metastasis, stemness and therapy response. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106311. [PMID: 35716914 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism is responsible for metastasis of tumor cells and their spread to various organs and tissues of body, providing undesirable prognosis. In addition to migration, EMT increases stemness and mediates therapy resistance. Hence, pathways involved in EMT regulation should be highlighted. STAT3 is an oncogenic pathway that can elevate growth rate and migratory ability of cancer cells and induce drug resistance. The inhibition of STAT3 signaling impairs cancer progression and promotes chemotherapy-mediated cell death. Present review focuses on STAT3 and EMT interaction in modulating cancer migration. First of all, STAT3 is an upstream mediator of EMT and is able to induce EMT-mediated metastasis in brain tumors, thoracic cancers and gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, STAT3 inhibition significantly suppresses cancer metastasis and improves prognosis of patients. EMT regulators such as ZEB1/2 proteins, TGF-β, Twist, Snail and Slug are affected by STAT3 signaling to stimulate cancer migration and invasion. Different molecular pathways such as miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs modulate STAT3/EMT axis. Furthermore, we discuss how STAT3 and EMT interaction affects therapy response of cancer cells. Finally, we demonstrate targeting STAT3/EMT axis by anti-tumor agents and clinical application of this axis for improving patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Sadrkhanloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Orouei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Fathi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamin Rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- European University Association, League of European Research Universities, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Deforzh E, Uhlmann EJ, Das E, Galitsyna A, Arora R, Saravanan H, Rabinovsky R, Wirawan AD, Teplyuk NM, El Fatimy R, Perumalla S, Jairam A, Wei Z, Mirny L, Krichevsky AM. Promoter and enhancer RNAs regulate chromatin reorganization and activation of miR-10b/HOXD locus, and neoplastic transformation in glioma. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1894-1908.e5. [PMID: 35390275 PMCID: PMC9271318 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
miR-10b is silenced in normal neuroglial cells of the brain but commonly activated in glioma, where it assumes an essential tumor-promoting role. We demonstrate that the entire miR-10b-hosting HOXD locus is activated in glioma via the cis-acting mechanism involving 3D chromatin reorganization and CTCF-cohesin-mediated looping. This mechanism requires two interacting lncRNAs, HOXD-AS2 and LINC01116, one associated with HOXD3/HOXD4/miR-10b promoter and another with the remote enhancer. Knockdown of either lncRNA in glioma cells alters CTCF and cohesin binding, abolishes chromatin looping, inhibits the expression of all genes within HOXD locus, and leads to glioma cell death. Conversely, in cortical astrocytes, enhancer activation is sufficient for HOXD/miR-10b locus reorganization, gene derepression, and neoplastic cell transformation. LINC01116 RNA is essential for this process. Our results demonstrate the interplay of two lncRNAs in the chromatin folding and concordant regulation of miR-10b and multiple HOXD genes normally silenced in astrocytes and triggering the neoplastic glial transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Deforzh
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erik J Uhlmann
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eashita Das
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aleksandra Galitsyna
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143026, Russia
| | - Ramil Arora
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harini Saravanan
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rosalia Rabinovsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aditya D Wirawan
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nadiya M Teplyuk
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sucika Perumalla
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anirudh Jairam
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhiyun Wei
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonid Mirny
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anna M Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Palzer KA, Bolduan V, Käfer R, Kleinert H, Bros M, Pautz A. The Role of KH-Type Splicing Regulatory Protein (KSRP) for Immune Functions and Tumorigenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091482. [PMID: 35563788 PMCID: PMC9104899 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional control of gene expression is one important mechanism that enables stringent and rapid modulation of cytokine, chemokines or growth factors expression, all relevant for immune or tumor cell function and communication. The RNA-binding protein KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) controls the mRNA stability of according genes by initiation of mRNA decay and inhibition of translation, and by enhancing the maturation of microRNAs. Therefore, KSRP plays a pivotal role in immune cell function and tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about KSRP with regard to the regulation of immunologically relevant targets, and the functional role of KSRP on immune responses and tumorigenesis. KSRP is involved in the control of myeloid hematopoiesis. Further, KSRP-mediated mRNA decay of pro-inflammatory factors is necessary to keep immune homeostasis. In case of infection, functional impairment of KSRP is important for the induction of robust immune responses. In this regard, KSRP seems to primarily dampen T helper cell 2 immune responses. In cancer, KSRP has often been associated with tumor growth and metastasis. In summary, aside of initiation of mRNA decay, the KSRP-mediated regulation of microRNA maturation seems to be especially important for its diverse biological functions, which warrants further in-depth examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Alicia Palzer
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (K.-A.P.); (R.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Vanessa Bolduan
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (V.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Rudolf Käfer
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (K.-A.P.); (R.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Hartmut Kleinert
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (K.-A.P.); (R.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (V.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Andrea Pautz
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (K.-A.P.); (R.K.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-179276; Fax: +49-6131-179042
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
To Explore the Stem Cells Homing to GBM: The Rise to the Occasion. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050986. [PMID: 35625723 PMCID: PMC9138893 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple efforts are currently underway to develop targeted therapeutic deliveries to the site of glioblastoma progression. The use of carriers represents advancement in the delivery of various therapeutic agents as a new approach in neuro-oncology. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) are used because of their capability in migrating and delivering therapeutic payloads to tumors. Two of the main properties that carrier cells should possess are their ability to specifically migrate from the bloodstream and low immunogenicity. In this article, we also compared the morphological and molecular features of each type of stem cell that underlie their migration capacity to glioblastoma. Thus, the major focus of the current review is on proteins and lipid molecules that are released by GBM to attract stem cells.
Collapse
|
41
|
Resolving the subtle details of human DNA alkyltransferase lesion search and repair mechanism by single-molecule studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116218119. [PMID: 35259021 PMCID: PMC8931253 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116218119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We directly visualize DNA translocation and lesion recognition by the O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT). Our data show bidirectional movement of AGT monomers and clusters on undamaged DNA that depended on Zn2+ occupancy of AGT. A role of cooperative AGT clusters in enhancing lesion search efficiencies by AGT has previously been proposed. Surprisingly, our data show no enhancement of DNA translocation speed by AGT cluster formation, suggesting that AGT clusters may serve a different role in AGT function. Our data support preferential cluster formation by AGT at alkyl lesions, suggesting a role of these clusters in stabilizing lesion-bound complexes. From our data, we derive a new model for the lesion search and repair mechanism of AGT. The O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) is an important DNA repair protein. AGT repairs highly mutagenic and cytotoxic alkylguanine lesions that result from metabolic products but are also deliberately introduced during chemotherapy, making a better understanding of the working mechanism of AGT essential. To investigate lesion interactions by AGT, we present a protocol to insert a single alkylguanine lesion at a well-defined position in long DNA substrates for single-molecule fluorescence microscopy coupled with dual-trap optical tweezers. Our studies address the longstanding enigma in the field of how monomeric AGT complexes at alkyl lesions seen in crystal structures can be reconciled with AGT clusters on DNA at high protein concentrations that have been observed from atomic force microscopy (AFM) and biochemical studies. A role of AGT clusters in enhancing lesion search efficiencies by AGT has previously been proposed. Surprisingly, our data show no enhancement of DNA translocation speed by AGT cluster formation, suggesting that AGT clusters may serve a different role in AGT function. Interestingly, a possible role of these clusters is indicated by preferential cluster formation at alkyl lesions in our studies. From our data, we derive a model for the lesion search and repair mechanism of AGT.
Collapse
|
42
|
Qin Y, Qi Y, Zhang X, Guan Z, Han W, Peng X. Production and Stabilization of Specific Upregulated Long Noncoding RNA HOXD-AS2 in Glioblastomas Are Mediated by TFE3 and miR-661, Respectively. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052828. [PMID: 35269968 PMCID: PMC8911140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) plays a key role in the development of gliomas. Because gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumor and glioblastomas have poor prognosis, it is urgent to develop new diagnostic methods. We have previously reported that lncRNA HOXD-AS2, which is specifically up-regulated in gliomas, can activate cell cycle and promote the development of gliomas. It is expected to be a new marker for molecular diagnosis of gliomas, but little is known about HOXD-AS2. Here, we demonstrate that TFE3 and miR-661 maintain the high expression level of HOXD-AS2 by regulating its production and degradation. We found that TFE3 acted as a transcription factor binding to the HOXD-AS2 promoter region and raised H3K27ac to activate HOXD-AS2. As the cytoplasmic-located lncRNA, HOXD-AS2 could be degraded by miR-661. This process was inhibited in gliomas due to the low expression of miR-661. Our study explains why HOXD-AS2 was specifically up-regulated in gliomas, helps to understand the molecular characteristics of gliomas, and provids insights for the search for specific markers in gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wei Han
- Correspondence: (W.H.); or (X.P.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shree B, Tripathi S, Sharma V. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-Regulated LncRNA-MUF Promotes Invasion by Modulating the miR-34a Snail1 Axis in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Oncol 2022; 11:788755. [PMID: 35223453 PMCID: PMC8865078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.788755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-regulated long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate several aspects of tumor development such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance in various cancers, including Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We identified several novel differentially expressed lncRNAs upon TGF-β treatment in glioma cells using genome-wide microarray screening. We show that TGF-β induces lncRNA-MUF in glioma cells, and its expression is significantly upregulated in glioma tissues and is associated with poor overall survival of GBM patients. Knockdown of lncRNA-MUF reduces proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma cells and sensitizes them to temozolomide (TMZ)-induced apoptosis. In addition, lncRNA-MUF downregulation impairs TGF-β-induced smad2/3 phosphorylation. In line with its role in regulating invasion, lncRNA-MUF functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-34a and promotes Snail1 expression. Collectively, our findings suggest lncRNA-MUF as an attractive therapeutic target for GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakhya Shree
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shraddha Tripathi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang K, Wu Z, Zhang H, Zhang N, Wu W, Wang Z, Dai Z, Zhang X, Zhang L, Peng Y, Ye W, Zeng W, Liu Z, Cheng Q. Glioma targeted therapy: insight into future of molecular approaches. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:39. [PMID: 35135556 PMCID: PMC8822752 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the common type of brain tumors originating from glial cells. Epidemiologically, gliomas occur among all ages, more often seen in adults, which males are more susceptible than females. According to the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5), standard of care and prognosis of gliomas can be dramatically different. Generally, circumscribed gliomas are usually benign and recommended to early complete resection, with chemotherapy if necessary. Diffuse gliomas and other high-grade gliomas according to their molecule subtype are slightly intractable, with necessity of chemotherapy. However, for glioblastoma, feasible resection followed by radiotherapy plus temozolomide chemotherapy define the current standard of care. Here, we discuss novel feasible or potential targets for treatment of gliomas, especially IDH-wild type glioblastoma. Classic targets such as the p53 and retinoblastoma (RB) pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene alteration have met failure due to complex regulatory network. There is ever-increasing interest in immunotherapy (immune checkpoint molecule, tumor associated macrophage, dendritic cell vaccine, CAR-T), tumor microenvironment, and combination of several efficacious methods. With many targeted therapy options emerging, biomarkers guiding the prescription of a particular targeted therapy are also attractive. More pre-clinical and clinical trials are urgently needed to explore and evaluate the feasibility of targeted therapy with the corresponding biomarkers for effective personalized treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keyang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,One-Third Lab, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wantao Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weijie Ye
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjing Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Dai W, Wu A, Li Y, Yu G, Yan X. XPA Enhances Temozolomide Resistance of Glioblastoma Cells by Promoting Nucleotide Excision Repair. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221092778. [PMID: 35536165 PMCID: PMC9096195 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221092778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent, as well as aggressive kind of high-grade malignant glioma. Chemoresistance is posing a significant clinical barrier to the efficacy of temozolomide-based glioblastoma treatment. By suppressing xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a pivotal DNA damage recognition protein implicated in nucleotide excision repair (NER), we devised a novel method to enhance glioblastoma therapy and alleviate temozolomide resistance. On the basis of preliminary assessment, we found that XPA dramatically increased in glioblastoma compared with normal cells and contributed to temozolomide resistance. By constructing XPA stably knockdown cells, we illustrate that XPA protects glioma cells from temozolomide-triggered reproductive cell death, apoptosis, as well as DNA repair. Besides, XPA silencing remarkably enhances temozolomide efficacy in vivo. This study revealed a crucial function of XPA-dependent NER in the resistance of glioma cells to temozolomide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quzhou Hospital affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - An Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quzhou Hospital affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Yunping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quzhou Hospital affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Guofeng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quzhou Hospital affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Xinjiang Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quzhou Hospital affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kaushik P, Kumar A. Emerging role and function of miR-198 in human health and diseases. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153741. [PMID: 34952425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ever since their discovery, microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have astonished us by the plethora of processes they regulate, and thus adding another dimension to the gene regulation. They have been implicated in several diseases affecting cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, hepatic, autoimmune and inflammatory functions. A primate specific exonic miRNA, miR-198 has been vastly studied during the past decade, and shown to have a critical role in wound healing. The aberrant expression of miR-198 was first reported in schizophrenia, linking it to neural development. Later, its dysregulation and tumor suppressive role was reported in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, this was just a beginning, and after which there was an explosion of reports linking miR-198 deregulation to cancers and other ailments. The first target to be identified for miR-198 was Cyclin T1 in monocytes affecting HIV1 replication. Depending on the type of cancer, miR-198 has been shown to function either as a tumor suppressor or an oncomir. Interestingly, miR-198 is not only known to regulate multiple targets and pathways, but also is itself regulated by several circular RNAs and long-non-coding RNAs, highlighting a complex regulatory network. This review highlights the currently understood mechanism and regulation of miR-198 in different diseases, and its possible diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankhuri Kaushik
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhong X, Cai Y. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXD-AS2 promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating the miR-3681-5p/MALT1 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9113-9127. [PMID: 34802389 PMCID: PMC8810070 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1977104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal type of brain cancer. An increasing number of studies suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in tumor progression. LncRNA HOXD-AS2 was reported to be highly expressed in glioma and associated with glioma grade and poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we first analyzed differentially expressed lncRNAs in glioblastoma using RNA-seq dataset (156 GBM samples and 5 adjacent normal samples in TCGA (Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression) database). HOXD-AS2 was found to be significantly up-regulated in GBM tissues, which was further confirmed in GBM patient tumor samples and GBM cell lines. Silencing HOXD-AS2 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis. We further identified and validated miR-3681-5p as a target of HOXD-AS2, and miR-3681-5p was negatively regulated by HOXD-AS2. By negatively affecting miR-3681-5p, HOXD-AS2 could promote the expression of MALT1 to augment the aggressiveness of GBM cells. miR-3681-5p overexpression or MALT1 knockdown attenuated aggressiveness of GBM cells. Importantly, silencing HOXD-AS2 suppressed tumorigenesis of GBM cells in the xenograft mouse model. Collectively, our study clarified the role of miR-3681-5p/MALT1 axis underlying the oncogenic function of lncRNA HOXD-AS2 in GBM. Future work is required to study the mechanism by which HOXD-AS2 is upregulated in GBM cells, which can provide novel insights into therapeutic intervention for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingming Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lu Y, Tian M, Liu J, Wang K. LINC00511 facilitates Temozolomide resistance of glioblastoma cells via sponging miR-126-5p and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22848. [PMID: 34328678 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for glioblastoma (GBM) but acquired TMZ resistance is frequently observed. Thus, a TMZ resistant GBM cell line U87-R was established to search for potential long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) used in TMZ resistance. In our study, LINC00511 was identified as a TMZ resistance-associated lncRNA in U87-R cells by transcriptome RNA sequencing. The potential functions of LINC00511 were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, cell viability assay, colony formation assay, western blot, soft agar assay, flow cytometry, tumor xenograft model, immunofluorescence, sphere formation assay, fluorescent in situ hybridization, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA pull-down assay. We found that LINC00511 was upregulated in U87-R cells and GBM samples, and correlated with poor prognosis of GBM patients. Silencing LINC00511 impaired TMZ tolerance of U87-R cells, while LINC00511 overexpression increased TMZ resistance of sensitive GBM cells. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated in U87-R cells, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling enhanced TMZ sensitivity. Furthermore, LINC00511 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of GBM cells and regulated Wnt/β-catenin activation by acting as a molecular sponge for miR-126-5p. Multiple genes of Wnt/β-catenin signaling such as DVL3, WISP1, and WISP2 were targeted by miR-126-5p. MiR-126-5p restoration impaired TMZ resistance of GBM cells. In conclusion, our results provided a novel insight into acquired TMZ resistance of GBM cells and suggested LINC00511 as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for GBM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan province, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiongbo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Xinxiang, Xinxiang, Henan province, China
| | - Kuanhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan province, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lin J, Luo Z, Liu S, Chen Q, Liu S, Chen J. Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes myoblast fibrogenesis via regulating the miR-20a-5p-Tgfbr2 axis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:921-931. [PMID: 33615521 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in diverse biological processes, including fibrosis. Here, we report that lncRNA H19 is able to promote skeletal muscle fibrosis. lnc-H19 was identified to be highly expressed in skeletal muscle fibrosis in vivo and in vitro; while lnc-H19 knockdown attenuated fibrosis in vitro. The knockdown of lnc-H19 was proved to inhibit the activation of the TGFβ/Smad pathway in C2C12 myoblasts by sponging miR-20a-5p to regulate Tgfbr2 expression through the competing endogenous RNA function. Our study elucidates the roles of the lnc-H19-miR-20a-5p-Tgfbr2 axis in regulating the TGFβ/Smad pathway of myoblast fibrogenesis, which might provide a promising therapeutic target for skeletal muscle fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyan Chen
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|