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Ahuja M, Kaidery NA, Dutta D, Attucks OC, Kazakov EH, Gazaryan I, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Sharma SM, Thomas B. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of the Nrf2/Bach1 Signaling Pathway in Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091780. [PMID: 36139853 PMCID: PMC9495572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although a complex interplay of multiple environmental and genetic factors has been implicated, the etiology of neuronal death in PD remains unresolved. Various mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in PD have been proposed, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, α-synuclein proteostasis, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and other cell death pathways. While many drugs individually targeting these pathways have shown promise in preclinical PD models, this promise has not yet translated into neuroprotective therapies in human PD. This has consequently spurred efforts to identify alternative targets with multipronged therapeutic approaches. A promising therapeutic target that could modulate multiple etiological pathways involves drug-induced activation of a coordinated genetic program regulated by the transcription factor, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 regulates the transcription of over 250 genes, creating a multifaceted network that integrates cellular activities by expressing cytoprotective genes, promoting the resolution of inflammation, restoring redox and protein homeostasis, stimulating energy metabolism, and facilitating repair. However, FDA-approved electrophilic Nrf2 activators cause irreversible alkylation of cysteine residues in various cellular proteins resulting in side effects. We propose that the transcriptional repressor of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), which antagonizes Nrf2, could serve as a promising complementary target for the activation of both Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent neuroprotective pathways. This review presents the current knowledge on the Nrf2/Bach1 signaling pathway, its role in various cellular processes, and the benefits of simultaneously inhibiting Bach1 and stabilizing Nrf2 using non-electrophilic small molecules as a novel therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | | | | | - Irina Gazaryan
- Pace University, White Plains, NY 10601, USA
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 111401 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, 111401 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Correspondence:
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Sun J, Hoshino H, Takaku K, Nakajima O, Muto A, Suzuki H, Tashiro S, Takahashi S, Shibahara S, Alam J, Taketo MM, Yamamoto M, Igarashi K. Hemoprotein Bach1 regulates enhancer availability of heme oxygenase-1 gene. EMBO J 2002; 21:5216-24. [PMID: 12356737 PMCID: PMC129038 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdf516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects cells from various insults including oxidative stress. Transcriptional activators, including the Nrf2/Maf heterodimer, have been the focus of studies on the inducible expression of ho-1. Here we show that a heme-binding factor, Bach1, is a critical physiological repressor of ho-1. Bach1 bound to the multiple Maf recognition elements (MAREs) of ho-1 enhancers with MafK in vitro and repressed their activity in vivo, while heme abrogated this repressor function of Bach1 by inhibiting its binding to the ho-1 enhancers. Gene targeting experiments in mice revealed that, in the absence of Bach1, ho-1 became expressed constitutively at high levels in various tissues under normal physiological conditions. By analyzing bach1/nrf2 compound-deficient mice, we documented antagonistic activities of Bach1 and Nrf2 in several tissues. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that small Maf proteins participate in both repression and activation of ho-1. Thus, regulation of ho-1 involves a direct sensing of heme levels by Bach1 (by analogy to lac repressor sensitivity to lactose), generating a simple feedback loop whereby the substrate effects repressor-activator antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Sun
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Hideto Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Kazuaki Takaku
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Osamu Nakajima
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Akihiko Muto
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Satoshi Tashiro
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Shigeki Shibahara
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Jawed Alam
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Makoto M. Taketo
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Department of Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, LA 70121, USA Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and LifeSciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Corresponding author e-mail: J.Sun and H.Hoshino contributed equally to this work
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