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Kutyrieva-Nowak N, Leszczuk A, Denic D, Bellaidi S, Blazakis K, Gemeliari P, Lis M, Kalaitzis P, Zdunek A. In vivo and ex vivo study on cell wall components as part of the network in tomato fruit during the ripening process. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae145. [PMID: 38988613 PMCID: PMC11233857 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Ripening is a process involving various morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in fruits. This process is affected by modifications in the cell wall structure, particularly in the composition of polysaccharides and proteins. The cell wall assembly is a network of polysaccharides and proteoglycans named the arabinoxylan pectin arabinogalactan protein1 (APAP1). The complex consists of the arabinogalactan protein (AGP) core with the pectin domain including arabinogalactan (AG) type II, homogalacturonan (HG), and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). The present paper aims to determine the impact of a disturbance in the synthesis of one constituent on the integrity of the cell wall. Therefore, in the current work, we have tested the impact of modified expression of the SlP4H3 gene connected with proline hydroxylase (P4H) activity on AGP presence in the fruit matrix. Using an immunolabelling technique (CLSM), an immunogold method (TEM), molecular tools, and calcium mapping (SEM-EDS), we have demonstrated that disturbances in AGP synthesis affect the entire cell wall structure. Changes in the spatio-temporal AGP distribution may be related to the formation of a network between AGPs with other cell wall components. Moreover, the modified structure of the cell wall assembly induces morphological changes visible at the cellular level during the progression of the ripening process. These results support the hypothesis that AGPs and pectins are required for the proper progression of the physiological processes occurring in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Leszczuk
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dusan Denic
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Samia Bellaidi
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Blazakis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Petroula Gemeliari
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Biomedicine and Environmental Research, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Panagiotis Kalaitzis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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Gao Y, Regad F, Li Z, Pirrello J, Bouzayen M, Van Der Rest B. Class I TCP in fruit development: much more than growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1411341. [PMID: 38863555 PMCID: PMC11165105 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1411341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Fruit development can be viewed as the succession of three main steps consisting of the fruit initiation, growth and ripening. These processes are orchestrated by different factors, notably the successful fertilization of flowers, the environmental conditions and the hormones whose action is coordinated by a large variety of transcription factors. Among the different transcription factor families, TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (TCP) family has received little attention in the frame of fruit biology despite its large effects on several developmental processes and its action as modulator of different hormonal pathways. In this respect, the comprehension of TCP functions in fruit development remains an incomplete puzzle that needs to be assembled. Building on the abundance of genomic and transcriptomic data, this review aims at collecting available TCP expression data to allow their integration in the light of the different functional genetic studies reported so far. This reveals that several Class I TCP genes, already known for their involvement in the cell proliferation and growth, display significant expression levels in developing fruit, although clear evidence supporting their functional significance in this process remains scarce. The extensive expression data compiled in our study provide convincing elements that shed light on the specific involvement of Class I TCP genes in fruit ripening, once these reproductive organs acquire their mature size. They also emphasize their putative role in the control of specific biological processes such as fruit metabolism and hormonal dialogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuo Gao
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Veígeítales - Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Universiteí de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Toulouse, France
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Farid Regad
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Veígeítales - Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Universiteí de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Toulouse, France
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Julien Pirrello
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Veígeítales - Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Universiteí de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Toulouse, France
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Veígeítales - Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Universiteí de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Toulouse, France
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Benoît Van Der Rest
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Veígeítales - Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Universiteí de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Toulouse, France
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Nizampatnam NR, Sharma K, Gupta P, Pamei I, Sarma S, Sreelakshmi Y, Sharma R. Introgression of a dominant phototropin1 mutant enhances carotenoids and boosts flavour-related volatiles in genome-edited tomato RIN mutants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2227-2242. [PMID: 38151719 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) ripening inhibitor (rin) mutation is known to completely repress fruit ripening. The heterozygous (RIN/rin) fruits have extended shelf life, ripen normally, but have inferior taste/flavour. To address this, we used genome editing to generate newer alleles of RIN (rinCR ) by targeting the K-domain. Unlike previously reported CRISPR alleles, the rinCR alleles displayed delayed onset of ripening, suggesting that the mutated K-domain represses the onset of ripening. The rinCR fruits had extended shelf life and accumulated carotenoids at an intermediate level between rin and progenitor line. Besides, the metabolites and hormonal levels in rinCR fruits were more akin to rin. To overcome the negative attributes of rin, we crossed the rinCR alleles with Nps1, a dominant-negative phototropin1 mutant, which enhances carotenoid levels in tomato fruits. The resulting Nps1/rinCR hybrids had extended shelf life and 4.4-7.1-fold higher carotenoid levels than the wild-type parent. The metabolome of Nps1/rinCR fruits revealed higher sucrose, malate, and volatiles associated with tomato taste and flavour. Notably, the boosted volatiles in Nps1/rinCR were only observed in fruits bearing the homozygous Nps1 mutation. The Nps1 introgression into tomato provides a promising strategy for developing cultivars with extended shelf life, improved taste, and flavour.
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Grants
- BT/COE/34/SP15209/2015 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- BT/INF/22/SP44787/2021 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- BT/PR6983/PBD/16/1007/2012 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- BT/PR/7002/PBD/16/1009/2012 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- BT/PR11671/PBD/16/828/2008 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha Rao Nizampatnam
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Kapil Sharma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Prateek Gupta
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, SRM University-AP, Neerukonda, Andhra Pradesh, 522240, India
| | - Injangbuanang Pamei
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Supriya Sarma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Yellamaraju Sreelakshmi
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Rameshwar Sharma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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Shiriaev A, Brizzolara S, Sorce C, Meoni G, Vergata C, Martinelli F, Maza E, Djari A, Pirrello J, Pezzarossa B, Malorgio F, Tonutti P. Selenium Biofortification Impacts the Tomato Fruit Metabolome and Transcriptional Profile at Ripening. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13554-13565. [PMID: 37638888 PMCID: PMC10510400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the effects of enriching tomatoes with selenium were studied in terms of physiological, metabolic, and molecular processes in the last stages of fruit development, particularly during ripening. A selenium concentration of 10 mg L-1 with sodium selenate and selenium nanoparticles was used in the spray treatments on the whole plants. No significant effects of selenium enrichment were detected in terms of ethylene production or color changes in the ripening fruit. However, selenium enrichment had an influence on both the primary and secondary metabolic processes and thus the biochemical composition of ripe tomatoes. Selenium decreased the amount of β-carotene, increased the accumulation of naringenin and chlorogenic acid, and decreased the coumaric acid level. Selenium also affected the volatile organic compound profile, with changes in the level of specific apocarotenoid compounds, such as β-ionone. These metabolomic changes may, to some extent, be due to the impact of selenium treatment on the transcription of genes involved in the metabolism of these compounds. RNA-seq analysis showed that the selenium application mostly impacted the expression of the genes involved in hormonal signaling, secondary metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and glycosaminoglycan degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Shiriaev
- Crop
Science Research Center, Sant’Anna
School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Research
Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Brizzolara
- Crop
Science Research Center, Sant’Anna
School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Sorce
- Department
of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaia Meoni
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Chiara Vergata
- Department
of Biology, University of Florence, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Elie Maza
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Sciences Végétales-Génomique
et Biotechnologie des Fruits − UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anis Djari
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Sciences Végétales-Génomique
et Biotechnologie des Fruits − UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Pirrello
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Sciences Végétales-Génomique
et Biotechnologie des Fruits − UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Fernando Malorgio
- Department
of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University
of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pietro Tonutti
- Crop
Science Research Center, Sant’Anna
School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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5
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Chen X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zheng B, Han Y, Zhang RX. PpARF6 acts as an integrator of auxin and ethylene signaling to promote fruit ripening in peach. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad158. [PMID: 37719277 PMCID: PMC10500152 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Although auxin is known to induce ethylene biosynthesis in some Rosaceae fruit crops, the mechanisms underlying the auxin-ethylene interaction during fruit ripening remain largely unknown. Here, the regulatory role of an auxin response factor, PpARF6, in fruit ripening was investigated in peach. Peach fruits showed accelerated ripening after treatment with auxin and PpARF6 was found to be significantly induced. PpARF6 not only could induce ethylene synthesis by directly activating the transcription of ethylene biosynthetic genes, but also competed with EIN3-binding F-box proteins PpEBF1/2 for binding to ethylene-insensitive3-like proteins PpEIL2/3, thereby keeping PpEIL2/3 active. Moreover, PpARF6 showed an interaction with PpEIL2/3 to enhance the PpEIL2/3-activated transcription of ethylene biosynthetic genes. Additionally, ectopic overexpression of PpARF6 in tomato accelerated fruit ripening by promoting the expression of genes involved in ethylene synthesis and fruit texture. In summary, our results revealed a positive regulatory role of PpARF6 in peach fruit ripening via integrating auxin and ethylene signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yudi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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Tonutti P, Brizzolara S, Beckles DM. Reducing crop losses by gene-editing control of organ developmental physiology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 81:102925. [PMID: 37003167 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Some physiological processes in reproductive organs, if not controlled, can lead to crop loss even in the absence of environmental stress. These processes may occur pre- or post- harvest, and in diverse species and include abscission processes in cereal grain, e.g., shattering and in immature fruit, e.g., preharvest drop, preharvest sprouting of cereals, and postharvest senescence in fruit. Some of the molecular mechanisms and genetic determinants underlying these processes are now better detailed, making it possible to refine them by gene editing. Here, we discuss using advanced genomics to identify genetic determinants underlying crop physiological traits. Examples of improved phenotypes developed for preharvest problems are provided, and suggestions for reducing postharvest fruit losses by gene and promoter editing were made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Tonutti
- Crop Science Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Brizzolara
- Crop Science Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Diane M Beckles
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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