1
|
Schulz H, Beck W, Lausch A. Atmospheric depositions affect the growth patterns of Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.)-a long-term cause-effect monitoring study using biomarkers. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:159. [PMID: 30762135 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recording the causes, effects, and effect mechanisms of vegetation health is crucial to understand process-pattern interactions in ecosystem processes. NOX and SOX in the form of air pollution are both triggers and sources of vegetation health that can have an effect on the local or the global level and whose impacts need to be monitored. In this study, the growth patterns in Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) were studied in the context of changing atmospheric depositions in the lowlands of north-eastern Germany. Under the influence of atmospheric sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) depositions, pine stands showed temporal variations in their normal growth behavior. In such cases, the patterns of normal growth can be suppressed or accelerated. Pine stands which were influenced by high S deposition up until 1990 changed from suppressed growth to accelerated growth by decreasing S, but increasing N depositions between 1990 and 2003. The cause of these changes in pine growth patterns was imbalances in S and N nutrition, in particular, enrichments of sulfate, non-protein nitrogen or arginine, and finally, also imbalances and deficiencies in phosphorus, glucose, and adenosine triphosphate in the needles. Our long-term monitoring study shows that biochemical markers (traits) are crucial bioindicators for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of tree vitality and growth patterns in Scots pines. Furthermore, we were able to show that NOX and SOX depositions need to be monitored locally to be able to assess the local effects of biomolecular markers on the growth patterns in Scots pine stands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Horst Schulz
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 6120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Beck
- Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fischeries, Institute for Forest Ecology Inventory, Alfred-Möller-Strasse 1, 16225, Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Angela Lausch
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoser Strasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Geography, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 16, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sulzbacher MA, Grebenc T, García MÁ, Silva BD, Silveira A, Antoniolli ZI, Marinho P, Münzenberger B, Telleria MT, Baseia IG, Martín MP. Molecular and morphological analyses confirm Rhizopogon verii as a widely distributed ectomycorrhizal false truffle in Europe, and its presence in South America. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:377-88. [PMID: 26763005 PMCID: PMC4909799 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The genus Rhizopogon includes species with hypogeous or subepigeus habit, forming ectomycorrhizae with naturally occurring or planted pines (Pinaceae). Species of the genus Rhizopogon can be distinguished easily from the other hypogeous basidiomycetes by their lacunose gleba without columella and their smooth elliptical spores; however, the limit between species is not always easy to establish. Rhizopogon luteolus, the type species of the genus, has been considered one of the species that are more abundant in Europe, as well as it has been cited in pine plantation of North and South America, different parts of Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. However, in this study, based on molecular analyses of the ITS nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) sequences (19 new sequences; 37 sequences from GenBank/UNITE, including those from type specimens), we prove that many GenBank sequences under R. luteolus were misidentified and correspond to Rhizopogon verii, a species described from Tunisia. Also, we confirm that basidiomes and ectomycorrhizae recently collected in Germany under Pinus sylvestris, as well as specimens from South of Brazil under Pinus taeda belong to R. verii. Thanks to the numerous ectomycorrhizal tips collected in Germany, a complete description of R. verii/P. sylvestris ectomycorrhiza is provided. Moreover, since in this paper the presence of R. verii in South America is here reported for the first time, a short description of basidiomes collected in Brazil, compared with collections located in different European herbaria, is included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A Sulzbacher
- Departamento de Micologia/CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, CEP: 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tine Grebenc
- Slovenian Forestry Institute Večna pot 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miguel Á García
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississagua Road, Mississagua, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Bianca D Silva
- Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP: 59072-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Andressa Silveira
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CCR, Campus Universitário, 971050-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Zaida I Antoniolli
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CCR, Campus Universitário, 971050-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Marinho
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP: 59072-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Babette Münzenberger
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - M Teresa Telleria
- Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico, RJB-CSIC, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid, 28014, Spain
| | - Iuri G Baseia
- Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP: 59072-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - María P Martín
- Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico, RJB-CSIC, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid, 28014, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|