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Fagundes-Moreira R, Bezerra-Santos MA, May-Junior JA, Berger L, Baggio-Souza V, Souza UA, Bilhalva LC, Reis AO, Wagner PGC, Peters FB, Favarini MO, Albano APN, Sartorello L, Rampim LE, Tirelli FP, Otranto D, Soares JF. Dirofilaria immitis and Onchocercidae spp. in wild felids from Brazil. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:195. [PMID: 38658460 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Among the species described within the Onchocercidae family, Dirofilaria immitis is regarded as the most common worldwide, causing severe and often fatal conditions in dogs, cats, and occasionally humans. Dirofilaria spp. are vectored by mosquitoes, simulids, and culicoids, with their epidemiology dependent on the geographical distribution of competent vectors. Eight species of Dirofilaria have been reported so far in Brazil, of which six parasitize non-human primates, deer, procyonids, and marsupials. Here, we investigated the occurrence of Onchocercidae in wild felids (i.e., Panthera onca, Puma concolor, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, Leopardus geoffroyi, Leopardus guttulus, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus wiedii, Leopardus munoai) from different locations in Brazil. Overall, 82 samples (n = 63 blood; n = 19 tissues) were molecularly screened for cytochrome c oxidase subunit-1 (cox1) gene. Four (i.e., 4.8%) wild felid samples were positive, and at BLAST analysis, the obtained sequences showed varying percentage of nucleotide identity with the genera Brugia (i.e., 87-88%), Setaria (i.e., 89%), and D. immitis (i.e., 94.4%). Phylogenetic analyses clustered sequences obtained into three distinct clades, one with D. immitis and the remaining two with other Onchocercidae spp. Data herein obtained highlight the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the diversity and biology of Onchocercidae in South America in order to assess the potential impact that these species may have for domestic and wild animals, as well as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Fagundes-Moreira
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | | | - Joares Adenilson May-Junior
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
- Onçafari Association, São Paulo, Brazil
- Panthera Corporation, New York, USA
| | - Laura Berger
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Baggio-Souza
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Ugo Araújo Souza
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Lina Crespo Bilhalva
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Adeyldes Oliveira Reis
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Guilherme Carniel Wagner
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro Do Meio Ambiente E Dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Felipe Bortolotto Peters
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Ochoa Favarini
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula N Albano
- Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flavia Pereira Tirelli
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - João Fabio Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia E Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil.
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Lescroart J, Bonilla-Sánchez A, Napolitano C, Buitrago-Torres DL, Ramírez-Chaves HE, Pulido-Santacruz P, Murphy WJ, Svardal H, Eizirik E. Extensive Phylogenomic Discordance and the Complex Evolutionary History of the Neotropical Cat Genus Leopardus. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad255. [PMID: 37987559 PMCID: PMC10701098 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Even in the genomics era, the phylogeny of Neotropical small felids comprised in the genus Leopardus remains contentious. We used whole-genome resequencing data to construct a time-calibrated consensus phylogeny of this group, quantify phylogenomic discordance, test for interspecies introgression, and assess patterns of genetic diversity and demographic history. We infer that the Leopardus radiation started in the Early Pliocene as an initial speciation burst, followed by another in its subgenus Oncifelis during the Early Pleistocene. Our findings challenge the long-held notion that ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (L. wiedii) are sister species and instead indicate that margay is most closely related to the enigmatic Andean cat (L. jacobita), whose whole-genome data are reported here for the first time. In addition, we found that the newly sampled Andean tiger cat (L. tigrinus pardinoides) population from Colombia associates closely with Central American tiger cats (L. tigrinus oncilla). Genealogical discordance was largely attributable to incomplete lineage sorting, yet was augmented by strong gene flow between ocelot and the ancestral branch of Oncifelis, as well as between Geoffroy's cat (L. geoffroyi) and southern tiger cat (L. guttulus). Contrasting demographic trajectories have led to disparate levels of current genomic diversity, with a nearly tenfold difference in heterozygosity between Andean cat and ocelot, spanning the entire range of variability found in extant felids. Our analyses improved our understanding of the speciation history and diversity patterns in this felid radiation, and highlight the benefits to phylogenomic inference of embracing the many heterogeneous signals scattered across the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lescroart
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Bonilla-Sánchez
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Constanza Napolitano
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Concepción, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Andean Cat Alliance, Villa Carlos Paz, Argentina
| | - Diana L Buitrago-Torres
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Héctor E Ramírez-Chaves
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
- Centro de Museos, Museo de Historia Natural, University of Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | | | - William J Murphy
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics & Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hannes Svardal
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Eizirik
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil
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Fagundes-Moreira R, Souza UA, May-Junior JA, Baggio-Souza V, Berger L, Wagner PGC, Mazim FD, Peters FB, Favarini MO, Tortato MA, Albano APN, Fagundes DD, Haberfeld MB, Sartorelo LR, Ranpim LE, Fragoso CE, Girotto-Soares A, Martins TF, Valle SDF, Soares JF. Epidemiological compatibility of Amblyomma sculptum as possible vector and Panthera onca as reservoir of Cytauxzoon spp. in Midwestern Brazil. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:102021. [PMID: 36116202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytauxzoonosis is an acute and highly lethal tick-borne disease of wild and domestic cats, and is widely distributed in Africa, Asia, Europe, the USA and Brazil. So far, only two tick species present on the USA are experimentally confirmed in Cytauxzoon transmission however, in Brazil and other continents, the epidemiology of the disease remains unknown. Evidences points to Panthera onca as a possible reservoir, but there is no evidence to point the vector. Therefore, this study evaluates the presence of Cytauxzoon spp. in wild felids from areas with and without records of Amblyomma sculptum this ixodid for comparison. Overall, 53 blood samples of P. onca, Puma concolor, and Leopardus pardalis from the Midwest region (MR; region with A. sculptum) and 143 blood and/or spleen samples from Leopardus geoffroyi, Leopardus wiedii, Leopardus munoai, Leopardus guttulus, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, L. pardalis, and P. concolor from Rio Grande do Sul State (RS; without A. sculptum). Only one feline sample was negative for Cytauxzoon sp. from MR; no samples from RS were positive. In total, 507 ticks were identified from MR felids, with predominance of A. sculptum (69.23%). In RS, there were 93 ixodids, of which 90.32% were Amblyomma aureolatum. The difference in the tick fauna of the two regions studied (presence/absence of A. sculptum) reflects the results found. This study highlighted A. sculptum as a possible vector since this hemoparasite was abundantly observed in areas where it occurs, also, there was no evidence of Cytauxzoon spp. where it was absent. Additionally, the study supported the suggestion that P. onca is the reservoir for the agent in MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Fagundes-Moreira
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ugo Araújo Souza
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Joares Adenilson May-Junior
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Associação Onçafari, São Paulo, Brasil; Panthera Corporation, New York, USA; Instituto Homem Pantaneiro, Corumbá, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Baggio-Souza
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura Berger
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Guilherme Carniel Wagner
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA-RS), Brazil
| | - Fabio Dias Mazim
- Ka'aguy Consultoria Ambiental, Pelotas, Brazil; Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil
| | - Felipe Bortolotto Peters
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Ochoa Favarini
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcos Adriano Tortato
- Ecology & Conservation Graduate Program, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula N Albano
- Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Mario B Haberfeld
- Associação Onçafari, São Paulo, Brasil; Instituto SOS Pantanal, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Aline Girotto-Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thiago F Martins
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Superintendence of Endemic Disease Control of the São Paulo State Department of Health, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stella de Faria Valle
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Fabio Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Ramírez-Chaves H, Morales-Martínez DM, Rodríguez-Posada ME, Suárez-Castro AF. Checklist of the mammals (Mammalia) of Colombia. MAMMALOGY NOTES 2022. [DOI: 10.47603/mano.v7n2.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
La actualización de la lista de especies presentes en un país es una tarea continua que llena vacíos de información y apoya la toma de decisiones. En los últimos cinco años, ha habido un aumento del número de especies de mamíferos descritas como nuevas en Colombia, así como primeros registros y cambios taxonómicos. Con el fin de actualizar la información de las especies de mamíferos de Colombia, realizamos una revisión exhaustiva de los cambios taxonómicos de las 528 especies registradas en listas previas. Agregamos nuevas especies descritas, así como nuevos registros de especies ya descritas. Discutimos especies cuya presencia ha sido sugerida recientemente en Colombia, pero que no es respaldada por especímenes de museo. La lista actual de mamíferos en Colombia tiene 543 especies, con cuatro descritas en el último año. Esperamos que la lista sea una herramienta apoyar las necesidades de investigación, en especial las extensiones de distribución, los problemas taxonómicos y la conservación de los mamíferos del país. Finalmente, recomendamos que las actualizaciones de la lista sigan estándares nacionales e internacionales como Darwin Core, utilizado por el Repositorio de Información Global sobre Biodiversidad - GBIF, y el Sistema de Información sobre Biodiversidad de Colombia – SiB.
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Tirelli FP, Trigo TC, Queirolo D, Kasper CB, Bou N, Peters F, Mazim FD, Martínez-Lanfranco JA, González EM, Espinosa C, Favarini M, da Silva LG, Macdonald DW, Lucherini M, Eizirik E. High extinction risk and limited habitat connectivity of Muñoa’s pampas cat, an endemic felid of the Uruguayan Savanna ecoregion. J Nat Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Quintela FM, DA Rosa CA, FeijÓ A. Updated and annotated checklist of recent mammals from Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92 Suppl 2:e20191004. [PMID: 32813766 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020191004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An updated and annotated checklist of mammals occurring in Brazil is presented. A total of 751 native species, distributed in 249 genera, 51 families and 11 orders were recorded to the country. The Brazilian mammalian fauna shows an elevated rate of endemism (30%; 223 species). Among the species evaluated by IUCN (668 species; 90%), a total of 80 (10.6% of total mammalian fauna) are Threatened, 28 (3.9%) are considered as Near Threatened, two species (0.3%) are presumable Extinct, 96 (12.8%) are considered with Deficient Data for conservation and 462 (61.6%) are considered as Least Concern. Fifteen new species were described since the last national compilation (published in 2017), which associated to new records to the country and synonimizations resulted in an increment of 30 species. Eight non-native species were introduced to the country, including the recently established Asiatic cervids Rusa unicolor (sambar) and Axis axis (chital). Seven native species (five primates and two hystricomorph rodents) have been translocated from their areas of natural occurrence to other areas inside the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Marques Quintela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Alves DA Rosa
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Anderson FeijÓ
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Grattarola F, Rodríguez-Tricot L. Mammals of Paso Centurión, an area with relicts of Atlantic Forest in Uruguay. NEOTROPICAL BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neotropical.15.e53062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paso Centurión is one of the most diverse areas of Uruguay. It is legally protected at local and national level, however, there are different interests competing for its land use and management. With the aim to document the biodiversity of the area together with the local people, the NGO JULANA has been conducting a participatory monitoring process with camera traps since 2013. Here, we present a list of 23 medium and large-size mammal species documented in the area and a standardised dataset of occurrence records. Top observations include the last Chrysocyon brachyurus seen in Uruguay, the first record of Herpailurus yagouaroundi in the country and the second report of Leopardus munoai in the area. We also highlight the frequent observation of numerous rare species such as Tamandua tetradactyla, Leopardus wiedii, Cabassous tatouay, Coendou spinosus and Cuniculus paca. Although the cameras were located within only a few metres of the houses of the local people, some of the rarest and most elusive species in the country were reported. This suggests a possible coexistence between people – their socio-economic practices – and nature in the area. Our work underlines the importance of the recent inclusion of Paso Centurión and Sierra de Ríos to the National System of Protected Areas under the proposed category of ‘Protected Landscape’. Collectively, in a context of global change and lack of biodiversity data on species distribution, we emphasise the value of these records for the knowledge of mammals in Uruguay and the need to extend and continue monitoring this area.
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