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Zhang H, Ji H, Liu C. Antifungal metabolites of biocontrol stain LB-1 and their inhibition mechanism against Botrytis cinerea. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1444996. [PMID: 39296286 PMCID: PMC11409189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1444996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chaetomium subaffine LB-1 is a novel biocontrol strain that produces non-volatile metabolites that inhibit the growth of Botrytis cinerea. However, the specific metabolites and antimicrobial mechanism of the strain LB-1 remains unclear. Methods In this study, the antifungal substances produced by strain LB-1, as well as the underlying mechanism of its inhibitory effect against B. cinerea, were explored using metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis. Results The results found that 45 metabolites might be the key antifungal substances, such as ouabain, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, spermidine, stachydrine, and stearic acid. The transcriptomic analysis indicated that the inhibition effect of LB-1 on B. cinerea resulted in the upregulation of genes related to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, peroxisome, ER stress, and multiple metabolic pathways, and in downregulation of many genes associated with the synthesis of cell walls/membranes, carbohydrate metabolism, cell cycle, meiosis, and DNA replication. Discussion These results suggested that the inhibitory effect of strain LB-1 against B. cinerea might be due to the destroyed cell wall and membrane integrity exerted by antimicrobial substances, which affect cell metabolism and inhibit cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- University Characteristic Laboratory of Precision Cultivation and Germplasm Innovation of Horticultural Crops in Shandong, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Hongliang Ji
- University Characteristic Laboratory of Precision Cultivation and Germplasm Innovation of Horticultural Crops in Shandong, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- University Characteristic Laboratory of Precision Cultivation and Germplasm Innovation of Horticultural Crops in Shandong, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Hamrouni R, Regus F, Farnet Da Silva AM, Orsiere T, Boudenne JL, Laffont-Schwob I, Christen P, Dupuy N. Current status and future trends of microbial and nematode-based biopesticides for biocontrol of crop pathogens. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38987982 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2370370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The increasing public demand to avoid the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural production systems, causing serious environmental damages, has challenged industry to develop new and effective solutions to manage and control phytopathogens. Biopesticides, particularly microbial-based biopesticides, are a promising new alternative with high biodegradability, specificity, suitability for incorporation into integrated pest management practices, low likelihood of resistance development, and practically no known human health risks. However: expensive production methods, narrow action spectra, susceptibility to environmental conditions, short shelf life, poor storage stability, legislation registry constraints, and general lack of knowledge are slowing down their adoption. In addition to regulatory framework revisions and improved training initiatives, improved preservation methods, thoughtfully designed formulations, and field test validations are needed to offer new microbial- and nematode-based biopesticides with improved efficacy and increased shelf-life. During the last several years, substantial advancements in biopesticide production have been developed. The novelty part of this review written in 2023 is to summarize (i) mechanisms of action of beneficial microorganisms used to increase crop performance and (ii) successful formulation including commercial products for the biological control of phytopathogens based on microorganisms, nematode and/or metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayhane Hamrouni
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE UMR 7376, 13331, Marseille, France
| | - Flor Regus
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, LPED, Marseille, France
| | | | - Thierry Orsiere
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Pierre Christen
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Dupuy
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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Sangeetha C, Kiran Kumar N, Krishnamoorthy AS, Harish S. Biomolecules from Chaetomium globosum Possessing Antimicrobial Compounds Potentially Inhibits Fusarium Wilt of Tomato. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2196-2218. [PMID: 37490243 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Wilt disease caused by Fusarium solani, a soil-borne plant pathogenic fungus, is a serious disease in tomato causing economic losses. In the present study, among the nine isolates of Chaetomium globosum Kunze (Chg1-Chg9), screened against F. solani No. Fs-1, Chg2 exhibited the maximum inhibition (49.2 %), followed by the isolates Chg6 (47.4%) and Chg1 (46.3%) in dual culture. Further, the crude secondary metabolites from these three isolates showed maximum reduction of the mycelial growth of Fs-1 compared to control. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the metabolites from Chg2 revealed the presence of major compounds, viz., benzothiazole, 2-(2-hydroxyethylthio) (7.51%); 9,12,15- octadecatrienoic acid, 2,3-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy] propyl ester (3.13%); and hexadecanoic acid, 1- (hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester (2.69%). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of alcohol, secondary amine, aliphatic primary amine, carboxylic acid, allene, conjugated ketone, imine/oxime, sulphate, and halo compound groups with a weak to strong range of intensity. Pure compound of benzothiazole @ 5000 ppm exhibited higher antagonistic activity of Fs-1which decreased at lower concentration. In pot culture experiment, dipping tomato seedlings cv. PKM1 in 2% ethyl acetate-fractionated biomolecules of Chg2 recorded a minimum disease incidence of 20.0%, whereas seedlings dipped in the culture filtrate of Chg2 showed a disease incidence of 26.6% compared to control (86.6%). Besides, these seedlings treated with the culture filtrate showed the highest plant height of 37.68 cm and the maximum number of leaves and flowers (39.6 and 5.48, respectively), followed by those treated with the biomolecules of Chg2 (C. globosum) and the culture filtrate of T. asperellum. The results revealed that the antifungal efficacy of C. globosum Chg2 is due to the presence of antimicrobial metabolites including benzothiazole. Exploring the use of this novel antifungal compound in the management of plant diseases is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnusamy Sangeetha
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -3, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Nannapaneni Kiran Kumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College, Bapatla, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Akkanna Subbiah Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -3, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sankarasubramanian Harish
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -3, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang G, Meng Z, Ge H, Yuan J, Qiang S, Jiang P, Ma D. Investigating Verticillium wilt occurrence in cotton and its risk management by the direct return of cotton plants infected with Verticillium dahliae to the field. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1220921. [PMID: 38023919 PMCID: PMC10654977 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt is one of the most crucial diseases caused by Verticillium dahliae that threatens the cotton industry. Statistical results showed that the return of cotton plants infected with V. dahliae to the field might be an essential cause of the continuous aggravation of cotton Verticillium wilt. The correlation among the cotton plants infected with V. dahliae returning to the field, the occurrence of Verticillium wilt, and the number of microsclerotia in rhizosphere soil need further investigation. A potted experiment was carried out to explore the effects of the direct return of cotton plants infected with Verticillium dahliae to the field on the subsequent growth and Verticillium wilt occurrence in cotton. As a risk response plan, we investigated the feasibility of returning dung-sand (i.e., insect excreta) to the field, the dung-sand was from the larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Cetoniidea) that were fed with the V. dahliae-infected cotton plants. The results demonstrated that the return of the entire cotton plants to the field presented a promotional effect on the growth and development of cotton, whereas the return of a single root stubble or cotton stalks had an inhibitive effect. The return of cotton stalks and root stubble infected with V. dahliae increased the risk and degree of Verticillium wilt occurrence. The disease index of Verticillium wilt occurrence in cotton was positively correlated with the number of microsclerotia in the rhizosphere soil. The disease index increased by 20.00%, and the number of soil microsclerotia increased by 8.37 fold in the treatment of returning root stubble infected with V. dahliae to the field. No Verticillium wilt microsclerotia were detected in the feed prepared from cotton stalks and root stubble fermented for more than 5 days or in the transformed dung-sand. There was no risk of inoculation with Verticillium wilt microsclerotia when the dung-sand was returned to the field. The indirect return of cotton plants infected with V. dahliae to the field by microorganism-insect systems is worthy of further exploration plan of the green prevention and control for Verticillium wilt and the sustainable development of the cotton industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhuo Meng
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hao Ge
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiali Yuan
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Song Qiang
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ping’an Jiang
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Deying Ma
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
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Liang X, Lin Y, Yu W, Yang M, Meng X, Yang W, Guo Y, Zhang R, Sun G. Chaetoglobosin A Contributes to the Antagonistic Action of Chaetomium globosum Strain 61239 Toward the Apple Valsa Canker Pathogen Cytospora mali. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023:PHYTO01230036R. [PMID: 37069143 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-23-0036-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Apple Valsa canker (AVC) weakens apple trees and significantly reduces apple production in China and other East Asian countries. Thus far, very few AVC-targeting biocontrol resources have been described. Here, we present a thorough description of a fungal isolate (Chaetomium globosum, 61239) that has strong antagonistic action toward the AVC causal agent Cytospora mali. Potato dextrose broth culture filtrate of strain 61239 completely suppressed the mycelial growth of C. mali on potato dextrose agar, and strongly constrained the development of AVC lesions in in vitro infection assays. ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and HPLC-MS/MS investigations supported the conclusion that strain 61239 produces chaetoglobosin A, an antimicrobial metabolite that inhibits C. mali. Using genome sequencing, we discovered a gene cluster in strain 61239 that may be responsible for chaetoglobosin A production. Two of the cluster's genes-cheA, a PKS-NRPS hybrid enzyme, and cheB, an enoyl reductase-were individually silenced, which significantly decreased chaetoglobosin A accumulation as well as the strain's antagonistic activity against C. mali. Together, the findings of our investigation illustrate the potential use of Chaetomium globosum for the management of AVC disease and emphasize the significant contribution of chaetoglobosin A to the antagonistic action of strain 61239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Yuyi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Menghan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Xiangchen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Wenrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Yunzhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lu X, Wang A, Xue C, Zhao M, Zhang J. The effects and interrelationships of intercropping on Cotton Verticillium wilt and soil microbial communities. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:41. [PMID: 36782113 PMCID: PMC9923915 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02780-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton Verticillium wilt, causing by Verticillium dahliae, has seriously affected the yield and quality of cotton. The incidence of Verticillium wilt in cotton fields has been on the rise for many years, especially after straw has been returned to the fields. Intercropping can reduce the incidence of soil borne diseases and is often used to control crop diseases, but the relationship between the effects of intercropping on microbial communities and the occurrence of plant diseases is unclear. This research explored the relationship between soil microbial community structure and Cotton Verticillium wilt in interplanting of cotton-onion, cotton-garlic, cotton-wheat and cotton monocultures. Amplicon sequencing applied to the profile of bacterial and fungal communities. RESULTS The results showed that the disease index of Cotton Verticillium wilt was significantly reduced after intercropping with cotton-garlic and cotton-onion. Chao1 and Sobs indices were not significantly different in the rhizosphere soil and pre-plant soils of the four planting patterns, but the pre-plant fungal shannon index was significantly lower in the cotton-onion intercropping plot than in the other three plots. PCoA analysis showed that the soil microbial communities changed to a certain extent after intercropping, with large differences in the microbial communities under different cropping patterns. The abundance of Chaetomium was highest in the cotton-garlic intercropping before planting; the abundance of Penicillium was significantly higher in the cotton-wheat intercropping than in the other three systems. CONCLUSION Cotton-garlic and cotton-onion interplanting can control Cotton Verticillium wilt by affecting the soil microbial community. Fungi of the genera Chaetomium and Penicillium may be associated with plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Yuanxue Yang
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Xiuyun Lu
- grid.464364.70000 0004 1808 3262Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding, 071000 China
| | - Aiyu Wang
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Chao Xue
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Yu L, Wang A, Xue C, Zhang J, Duan A, Zhao M. Composition and characteristics of soil microbial communities in cotton fields with different incidences of Verticillium wilt. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2034271. [PMID: 35175867 PMCID: PMC9746606 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2034271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms could affect the growth of plants and play an important role in indicating the change of soil environment. Cotton Verticillium wilt is a serious soil borne disease. This study aimed to analyze the community characteristics of soil microorganisms in cotton fields with different incidences of Verticillium wilt, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and control of soil borne diseases of cotton. Through the analysis of soil microbial communities in six fields, the results showed that there was no difference in fungal and bacterial alpha-diversity index before cotton planting, while there were differences in rhizosphere of diseased plants. For fungal beta diversity indexes, there were significant differences in these six fields. There was no significant difference for bacterial beta diversity indexes before cotton planting, while there was a certain difference in the rhizosphere of diseased cotton plants. The composition of fungi and bacteria in different fields was roughly the same at the genus level, but the abundances of the same genus varied greatly between different fields. Before cotton planting, there were 61 fungi (genera) and 126 bacteria (genera) with different abundances in the six fields. Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas and Burkholderia had higher abundances in the fields with less incidence. This study will provide a theoretical basis for microbial control of Cotton Verticillium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanxue Yang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lang Yu
- Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Aiyu Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ailing Duan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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GC-MS Analysis, Antioxidant and Antifungal Studies of Different Extracts of Chaetomium globosum Isolated from Urginea indica. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1388850. [PMID: 36624853 PMCID: PMC9825229 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1388850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To discover new natural resources with biological effects, the chemical investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extract's Chaetomium globosum isolated from roots of Urginea indica. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis demonstrated the presence of the major chemical constituents present in the methanol extract (1,3-oxathiolane, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 5-(1-methylethylidene), 5,9-hexadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, decane), chloroform extract (acetic acid, diethoxy-, ethyl ester, 2,2-bis(ethylsulfonyl)propane, 3-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl) furan), and hexane extract (3-hexanone, 4,4-dimethyl, decane,2,6-dimethyldecane, decane, 2,4,6-trimethyl, decane, 2,4,6-trimethyl, 1-butanesulfinamide, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluoro-N-methyl, decane). The total compound identified (56.2%) in chloroform extract, (54.72%) in hexane extract, and (65%) in methanol extract. The antioxidant effects were performed using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The results showed that the methanol extract showed significantly the highest anti-DPPH with an IC50 value of 37.61 ± 1.37 μg/mL, followed by chloroform and hexane extracts with IC50 values of 40.82 ± 3.60 and 45.20 ± 2.54 μg/mL, respectively. The antifungal activity of extracts was evaluated against pathogens fungi including Fusarium oxysporum, Rosellinia necatrix, Cladosporium xanthochromaticum, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Methanolic and chloroform extracts showed maximum inhibition against all test pathogens, while hexane extract showed minimum inhibition.
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Haruma T, Doyama K, Lu X, Arima T, Igarashi T, Tomiyama S, Yamaji K. Oosporein Produced by Root Endophytic Chaetomium cupreum Promotes the Growth of Host Plant, Miscanthus sinensis, under Aluminum Stress at the Appropriate Concentration. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:36. [PMID: 36616165 PMCID: PMC9824719 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chaetomium cupreum, a root endophyte in Miscanthus sinensis, enhances Al tolerance in M. sinensis by changing aluminum (Al) localization and the production of a siderophore, oosporein, which chelates Al for detoxification. Oosporein has various functions, including insecticidal activity, phytotoxicity, antifungal activity, and a siderophore. In our study, we focused on the detoxification effect of oosporein as a siderophore and on the growth of M. sinensis under Al exposure. In addition, the phytotoxicity of oosporein to M. sinensis was confirmed to compare with those in Lactuca sativa and Oryza sativa as control plants. Under Al stress, oosporein promoted plant growth in M. sinensis seedlings at 10 ppm, which was the same concentration as that detected in M. sinensis roots infected with C. cupreum in our previous study. Oosporein also showed low phytotoxicity to M. sinensis compared with L. sativa at even high concentrations of oosporein. These results suggest that the concentration of oosporein in M. sinensis roots would be maintained at the appropriate concentration to detoxify Al and would promote M. sinensis growth under Al stress, although oosporein would show low phytotoxicity to the natural host plant, M. sinensis, compared with the non-host plant, L. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Haruma
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kohei Doyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Xingyan Lu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Takahiko Arima
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Igarashi
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shingo Tomiyama
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Zhao Z, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yu X, Wu R, Guo C, Qin A, Bawa G, Sun X. Creation of cotton mutant library based on linear electron accelerator radiation mutation. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 30:101228. [PMID: 35243011 PMCID: PMC8867050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important cash crops worldwide. At present, new cotton varieties are mainly produced through conventional cross breeding, which is limited by available germplasm. Although the genome of cotton has been fully sequenced, research on the function of specific genes lags behind due to the lack of sufficient genetic material. Therefore, it is very important to create a cotton mutant library to create new, higher-quality varieties and identify genes associated with the regulation of key traits. Traditional mutagenic strategies, such as physical, chemical, and site-directed mutagenesis, are relatively costly, inefficient, and difficult to perform. In this study, we used a radiation mutation method based on linear electron acceleration to mutate cotton variety 'TM-1', for which a whole-genome sequence has previously been performed, to create a high throughput cotton mutant library. Abundant phenotypic variation was observed in the progeny population for three consecutive generations, including cotton fiber color variation, plant dwarfing, significant improvement of yield traits, and increased sensitivity to Verticillium wilt. These results show that radiation mutagenesis is an effective and feasible method to create plant mutant libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yaping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Xiaole Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Chenxi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Aizhi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - George Bawa
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Xuwu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by Pseudomonas aurantiaca ST-TJ4 against Verticillium dahliae. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070697. [PMID: 35887453 PMCID: PMC9315757 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Verticillium dahliae is one of the most destructive fungal pathogens, causing substantial economic losses in agriculture and forestry. The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an effective and environmentally friendly strategy for controlling diseases caused by V. dahliae. In this study, 90 mm in diameter Petri plates were used to test the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by different concentrations of Pseudomonasaurantiaca ST-TJ4 cells suspension on V. dahliae mycelia radial growth and biomass. The mycelial morphology was observed by using scanning electron microscopy. The conidia germination and microsclerotia formation of V. dahliae were evaluated. The VOCs with antifungal activity were collected by headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and their components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The VOCs produced by strain ST-TJ4 significantly inhibited the growth of mycelium of V. dahliae. The morphology of the hyphae was rough and wrinkled when exposed to VOCs. The VOCs of strain ST-TJ4 have a significant inhibitory effect on V. dahliae conidia germination and microsclerotia formation. At the same time, the VOCs also reduce the expression of genes related to melanin synthesis in V. dahliae. In particular, the expression of the hydrophobin gene (VDAG-02273) was down-regulated the most, about 67-fold. The VOCs effectively alleviate the severity of cotton root disease. In the volatile profile of strain ST-TJ4, 2-undecanone and 1-nonanol assayed in the range 10–200 µL per plate revealed a significant inhibitory effect on V. dahliae mycelial radial growth. These compounds may be useful to devise new control strategies for control of Verticillium wilt disease caused by V. dahliae.
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Omar AM, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM. Chaetomugilins and Chaetoviridins—Promising Natural Metabolites: Structures, Separation, Characterization, Biosynthesis, Bioactivities, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020127. [PMID: 35205880 PMCID: PMC8875349 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are recognized as luxuriant metabolic artists that generate propitious biometabolites. Historically, fungal metabolites have largely been investigated as leads for various therapeutic agents. Chaetomugilins and the closely related chaetoviridins are fungal metabolites, and each has an oxygenated bicyclic pyranoquinone core. They are mainly produced by various Chaetomaceae species. These metabolites display unique chemical features and diversified bioactivities. The current review gives an overview of research about fungal chaetomugilins and chaetoviridins regarding their structures, separation, characterization, biosynthesis, and bioactivities. Additionally, their antiviral potential towards the SARS-CoV-2 protease was evaluated using docking studies and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We report on the docking and predictive binding energy estimations using reported crystal structures of the main protease (PDB ID: 6M2N, 6W81, and 7K0f) at variable resolutions—i.e., 2.20, 1.55, and 1.65 Å, respectively. Chaetovirdin D (43) exhibited highly negative docking scores of −7.944, −8.141, and −6.615 kcal/mol, when complexed with 6M2N, 6W81, and 7K0f, respectively. The reference inhibitors exhibited the following scores: −5.377, −6.995, and −8.159 kcal/mol, when complexed with 6M2N, 6W81, and 7K0f, respectively. By using molecular dynamics simulations, chaetovirdin D’s stability in complexes with the viral protease was analyzed, and it was found to be stable over the course of 100 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelsattar M. Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.O.); or (S.R.M.I.); Tel.: +966-56-768-1466 (A.M.O.); +966-58-118-3034 (S.R.M.I.)
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.O.); or (S.R.M.I.); Tel.: +966-56-768-1466 (A.M.O.); +966-58-118-3034 (S.R.M.I.)
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